ISS Russian Segment User Manual
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Paper Session III-A-History of the First NASA Contract with Russia
1994 (31st) Space Exploration and Utilization The Space Congress® Proceedings for the Good of the World Apr 28th, 2:00 PM - 5:00 PM Paper Session III-A - History of the First NASA Contract with Russia Barbara D. Connelly-Fratzke NASA Headquarters, Office of Space Systems Development Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings Scholarly Commons Citation Connelly-Fratzke, Barbara D., "Paper Session III-A - History of the First NASA Contract with Russia" (1994). The Space Congress® Proceedings. 18. https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings/proceedings-1994-31st/april-28-1994/18 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Space Congress® Proceedings by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. History of the First NASA Contract with Russia Barbara D. Connelly-Fratzke NASA Headquarters Office of Space Systems Development This story begins after the end of the cold war with the Soviet Union. after perestroika had its initial impact on the economy, at about the time the Russian space firms were beginning to lose government support and fac ing hard times ahead. As part or the FY92 Budget approval, Congress, in its wisdom, directed NASA to investigate the Russian space hardware and determine its feasibility for use in the U.S. space program. At the invitation of the U.S. Embassy in Moscow and the Russian firm NPO Energia, NASA made a reconnaissance visit to NPO Energia to open discussions concerning Russian space hardware. -
Rex D. Hall and David J. Shayler
Rex D. Hall and David J. Shayler Soyuz A Universal Spacecraft ruuiiMicPublishedu 11in1 aaaundiiuiassociationi witwimh ^^ • Springer Praxis Publishing PRHB Chichester, UK "^UF Table of contents Foreword xvii Authors' preface xix Acknowledgements xxi List of illustrations and tables xxiii Prologue xxix ORIGINS 1 Soviet manned spaceflight after Vostok 1 Design requirements 1 Sever and the 1L: the genesis of Soyuz 3 The Vostok 7/1L Soyuz Complex 4 The mission sequence of the early Soyuz Complex 6 The Soyuz 7K complex 7 Soyuz 7K (Soyuz A) design features 8 The American General Electric concept 10 Soyuz 9K and Soyuz 1 IK 11 The Soyuz Complex mission profile 12 Contracts, funding and schedules 13 Soyuz to the Moon 14 A redirection for Soyuz 14 The N1/L3 lunar landing mission profile 15 Exploring the potential of Soyuz 16 Soyuz 7K-P: a piloted anti-satellite interceptor 16 Soyuz 7K-R: a piloted reconnaissance space station 17 Soyuz VI: the military research spacecraft Zvezda 18 Adapting Soyuz for lunar missions 20 Spacecraft design changes 21 Crewing for circumlunar missions 22 The Zond missions 23 The end of the Soviet lunar programme 33 The lunar orbit module (7K-LOK) 33 viii Table of contents A change of direction 35 References 35 MISSION HARDWARE AND SUPPORT 39 Hardware and systems 39 Crew positions 40 The spacecraft 41 The Propulsion Module (PM) 41 The Descent Module (DM) 41 The Orbital Module (OM) 44 Pyrotechnic devices 45 Spacecraft sub-systems 46 Rendezvous, docking and transfer 47 Electrical power 53 Thermal control 54 Life support 54 -
Proposals on Spw Evolution
ROSCOSMOS Igor V. Orlovsky Deputy Head of Onboard Control Systems Division Alexey A. Khakhulin Team Manager, Next‐Generation Onboard Control Systems Developm th 16 SpaceWire Working Group, 21‐23 March 2011 ESA/ESTEC, Noorwijk, The Netherla Rocket and Space Corporation Energia named after Sergei Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia after S.P. Korolev Rocket is the strategic enterprise of Russia and the leading company engaged in manned space systems. A great deal of attention is focused on the development of new space technologies, including dedicated unmanned space systems for various applications, rocket systems for spacecraft orbital injection. Its presence is noticeable on the international market of rocket and space services. It is the leader in introducing space high technologies for manufacture of products not related to space industry. Its structure: •Primary Design Bureau; •Baikonur branch; •ZAO Experimental Machinebuilding Plant, RSC Energia; •ZAO Volzhskoye DB; •ZAO PO Kosmos, RSC Energia; •Developed social infrastructure. •38% of the Corporation equity is owned by the state. CORE ACTIVITIES • Manned Space Systems • Unmanned Space Systems • Rocket Systems • Advanced Programs • Provision of Services CRUCIALLY IMPORTANT REQUIREMENTS FOR ONBOARD INTERFACES . providing equipment scalability . easy upgrading . supporting real-time transmission of large amounts of data and time-critical commands and data within a broad range of data rates and transmission distances . etc Up to now it has been very difficult to develop an all‐purpose interface. SPACEWIRE AS A BASE FOR NEXT‐GENERATION ONBOARD CONTROL SYSTEM Parameters of SpaceWire interface are closest to meeting the requirements of the all-purpose interface but along with significant advantages, has certain drawbacks. -
Building and Maintaining the International Space Station (ISS)
/ Building and maintaining the International Space Station (ISS) is a very complex task. An international fleet of space vehicles launches ISS components; rotates crews; provides logistical support; and replenishes propellant, items for science experi- ments, and other necessary supplies and equipment. The Space Shuttle must be used to deliver most ISS modules and major components. All of these important deliveries sustain a constant supply line that is crucial to the development and maintenance of the International Space Station. The fleet is also responsible for returning experiment results to Earth and for removing trash and waste from the ISS. Currently, transport vehicles are launched from two sites on transportation logistics Earth. In the future, the number of launch sites will increase to four or more. Future plans also include new commercial trans- ports that will take over the role of U.S. ISS logistical support. INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION GUIDE TRANSPORTATION/LOGISTICS 39 LAUNCH VEHICLES Soyuz Proton H-II Ariane Shuttle Roscosmos JAXA ESA NASA Russia Japan Europe United States Russia Japan EuRopE u.s. soyuz sL-4 proton sL-12 H-ii ariane 5 space shuttle First launch 1957 1965 1996 1996 1981 1963 (Soyuz variant) Launch site(s) Baikonur Baikonur Tanegashima Guiana Kennedy Space Center Cosmodrome Cosmodrome Space Center Space Center Launch performance 7,150 kg 20,000 kg 16,500 kg 18,000 kg 18,600 kg payload capacity (15,750 lb) (44,000 lb) (36,400 lb) (39,700 lb) (41,000 lb) 105,000 kg (230,000 lb), orbiter only Return performance -
Expedition 59
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION EXPEDITION 59 Soyuz MS-11 Launch: December 3, 2018 Soyuz MS-12 Launch: March, 2019 Landing: June, 2019 Landing: September, 2019 ANN McCLAIN (NASA) CHRISTINA KOCH (NASA) Flight Engineer Flight Engineer Born: Spokane, Washington Born: Grand Rapids, Michigan Interests: Weightlifting, rugby, golf, Interests: Backpacking, rock biking, fitness training and running climbing, paddling and sailing Spaceflights: First flight Spaceflights: First Flight Bio: https://go.nasa.gov/2s8ryrB Bio: https://go.nasa.gov/2QCRHbX Twitter: @AstroAnnimal Twitter: @Astro_Christina DAVID SAINT-JACQUES (CSA) NICK HAGUE (NASA) Flight Engineer Flight Engineer Born: Saint-Lambert, Quebec Born: Belleville, Kansas Interests: Mountaineering, cycling, Interests: Exercise, flying, snow skiing skiing and sailing and scuba Spaceflights: First flight Spaceflights: Soyuz MS-10 Bio: https://go.nasa.gov/2VBcqAu Bio: https://go.nasa.gov/2Qz3qZ1 Twitter: @Astro_DavidS Twitter: @AstroHague OLEG KONONENKO (Roscosmos) ALEXEY OVCHININ (Roscosmos) Commander Flight Engineer Born: Türkmenabat, Turkmenistan Born: Rybinsk, Russia Spaceflights: Exp. 17, 30/31, 44/45 Spaceflights: Exp 47/48 Bio: https://go.nasa.gov/2QviZ3S Bio: https://go.nasa.gov/2QAQBgu Twitter: Text EXPEDITION Expedition 59 began in March 2019 and ends in June 2019. This expedition will include research investigations and technology demonstrations not possible on Earth to advance scientific knowledge of 59 Earth, space, physical and biological sciences. During Expedition 59, researchers will use tissue chips to study changes in the human body caused by microgravity, conduct research on regolith simulants in the Hermes research facility, test free-flying robots inside the station and study the complex dynamics of the Earth’s atmospheric carbon cycle using the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 3 space instrument. -
The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017
Federal Aviation Administration The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 January 2017 Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 i Contents About the FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation The Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation (FAA AST) licenses and regulates U.S. commercial space launch and reentry activity, as well as the operation of non-federal launch and reentry sites, as authorized by Executive Order 12465 and Title 51 United States Code, Subtitle V, Chapter 509 (formerly the Commercial Space Launch Act). FAA AST’s mission is to ensure public health and safety and the safety of property while protecting the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States during commercial launch and reentry operations. In addition, FAA AST is directed to encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries. Additional information concerning commercial space transportation can be found on FAA AST’s website: http://www.faa.gov/go/ast Cover art: Phil Smith, The Tauri Group (2017) Publication produced for FAA AST by The Tauri Group under contract. NOTICE Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this document does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the Federal Aviation Administration. ii Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 GENERAL CONTENTS Executive Summary 1 Introduction 5 Launch Vehicles 9 Launch and Reentry Sites 21 Payloads 35 2016 Launch Events 39 2017 Annual Commercial Space Transportation Forecast 45 Space Transportation Law and Policy 83 Appendices 89 Orbital Launch Vehicle Fact Sheets 100 iii Contents DETAILED CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . -
SPACENEWS Soyuz MS-02 Article
Soyuz capsule suffered partial depressurization during April landing - SpaceNews.com Soyuz capsule sufered partial depressurization during April landing by Jeff Foust — October 17, 2017 The Soyuz MS-02 capsule descends under its main parachute prior to landing in Kazakhstan in April 2017. An issue with the parachute's deployment caused a partial loss of pressurization inside the capsule. Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls WASHINGTON — A Soyuz spacecraft returning three people to Earth in April experienced a partial loss of pressure during the fnal stages of its descent, but did not put the crew’s lives in danger. The incident, revealed during an Oct. 16 meeting of NASA’s International Space Station Advisory Committee, is one of a series of events that have raised questions about the reliability of Russian vehicles supporting the station. During the committee meeting, chairman Thomas Staford, a former astronaut, said the incidentPrivacy took - Terms https://spacenews.com/soyuz-capsule-suffered-partial-depressurization-during-april-landing/[7/18/2019 4:23:09 PM] Soyuz capsule suffered partial depressurization during April landing - SpaceNews.com place when the main parachute of the Soyuz spacecraft deployed about eight kilometers above the landing site in Kazakhstan. A buckle that is part of the parachute system struck the capsule. “The buckle struck a welding seam and, as a result, there was a depressurizing event that resulted in some air escaping the capsule,” he said. Staford didn’t identify the specifc mission where this took place, other than to say that it happened in April of this year. The only Soyuz spacecraft to return to Earth that month was Soyuz MS-02, which landed April 10. -
Espinsights the Global Space Activity Monitor
ESPInsights The Global Space Activity Monitor Issue 6 April-June 2020 CONTENTS FOCUS ..................................................................................................................... 6 The Crew Dragon mission to the ISS and the Commercial Crew Program ..................................... 6 SPACE POLICY AND PROGRAMMES .................................................................................... 7 EUROPE ................................................................................................................. 7 COVID-19 and the European space sector ....................................................................... 7 Space technologies for European defence ...................................................................... 7 ESA Earth Observation Missions ................................................................................... 8 Thales Alenia Space among HLS competitors ................................................................... 8 Advancements for the European Service Module ............................................................... 9 Airbus for the Martian Sample Fetch Rover ..................................................................... 9 New appointments in ESA, GSA and Eurospace ................................................................ 10 Italy introduces Platino, regions launch Mirror Copernicus .................................................. 10 DLR new research observatory .................................................................................. -
Of S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Public Corporation Energia for 2013
OF S.P. KOROLEV ROCKET AND SPACE PUBLIC CORPORATION ENERGIA FOR 2013 This Annual Report of S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Public Corporation Energia (also hereinafter called “OAO RSC Energia”, “RSC Energia”, “the Corporation”) by the 2013 performance is drawn up in accordance with the RF Government Decree No 1214 as of December 31, 2010 “On Improvement of the Procedure for Management of Open Joint-Stock Companies Whose Stock is in Federal Ownership and Federal State Unitary Enterprises” with due regard for the requirements set forth in the Order issued by the RF Federal Financial Markets Service No 11-46/pz-n as of October 4, 2011 “On Approval of the Provision on Information Disclosure of Issuers of Registered Securities”. This Annual Report was preliminarily approved by RSC Energia’s Board of Directors on April 29, 2014. Minutes No10 as of May 6, 2014. Accuracy of the data contained in this Annual Report was confirmed by RSC Energia’s Auditing Committee Report as of April 17, 2014. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS ........................................................................... 6 ON CORPORATION ACTIVITIES ................................................................................. 8 Corporation background ................................................................................................................................8 Corporation structure (its participation in subsidiary and affiliated companies) ...........................................9 Information about purchase and sale contracts for -
Space Station” IMAX Film
“Space Station” IMAX Film Theme: Learning to Work, and Live, in Space The educational value of NASM Theater programming is that the stunning visual images displayed engage the interest and desire to learn in students of all ages. The programs do not substitute for an in-depth learning experience, but they do facilitate learning and provide a framework for additional study elaborations, both as part of the Museum visit and afterward. See the “Alignment with Standards” table for details regarding how “Space Station!” and its associated classroom extensions, meet specific national standards of learning. What you will see in the “Space Station” program: • How astronauts train • What it is like to live and work in Space aboard the International Space Station (ISS) Things to look for when watching “Space Station”: • Notice how quickly astronauts adapt to free fall conditions and life on the ISS • Reasons humans go to the cost, risk, and effort to work in Space • The importance of “the little things” in keeping astronauts productive so far from home Learning Elaboration While Visiting the National Air and Space Museum Perhaps the first stop to expand on your “Space Station” experience should be the Skylab Orbiting Laboratory, entered from the second floor overlooking the Space Race Gallery. Skylab was America’s first space station, launched in 1973 and visited by three different three-man crews. It fell back to Earth in 1979. The Skylab on display was the back-up for the Skylab that was launched; the Skylab program was cancelled before it was -
Put to the Test on Board the International Space Station ISS
GENERAL PURPOSE Reference Handheld Spectrum Analyzer R&S ® FSH3 Put to the test on board the International Space Station ISS The R&S ® FSH3 (FIG 1) from Time signal system in the test means of a Progress space transporter phase and installed by the crew (FIG 3). Rohde & Schwarz is a high-end The global transmission services (GTS) spectrum analyzer in handheld design system is a new system for the world- Needed – a featherweight wide transmission of time signals high-tech analyzer that features low weight, minimum to receivers on the ground, such as watches or clocks in vehicles. It is cur- However, when the electronics unit was power consumption and outstanding rently being tested as part of a pilot initially put into operation in February experiment on board the ISS (FIG 2). 2002, it exhibited deviations from the RF performance [*]. It is currently This is the first commercial experiment precalculated receive field strength on aboard the space station. Once the test the ground. Nevertheless, the teleme- being used on board the International phase has been completed, the GTS try performed both on board the ISS and system is to be transferred to an opera- via the ground station exhibited nomi- Space Station (ISS) for distance-to- tor company. Owing to a recently devel- nal values. One of the possible reasons oped cryptographic modulation, further for this deviation may have been two RF fault (DTF) measurements. services such as vehicle theft protec- wiring harnesses that had already been tion or the tracking of specific items (e.g. installed prior to the launch and that containers or stolen goods) can also be had been in space for two years. -
Espinsights the Global Space Activity Monitor
ESPInsights The Global Space Activity Monitor Issue 3 July–September 2019 CONTENTS FOCUS ..................................................................................................................... 1 A new European Commission DG for Defence Industry and Space .............................................. 1 SPACE POLICY AND PROGRAMMES .................................................................................... 2 EUROPE ................................................................................................................. 2 EEAS announces 3SOS initiative building on COPUOS sustainability guidelines ............................ 2 Europe is a step closer to Mars’ surface ......................................................................... 2 ESA lunar exploration project PROSPECT finds new contributor ............................................. 2 ESA announces new EO mission and Third Party Missions under evaluation ................................ 2 ESA advances space science and exploration projects ........................................................ 3 ESA performs collision-avoidance manoeuvre for the first time ............................................. 3 Galileo's milestones amidst continued development .......................................................... 3 France strengthens its posture on space defence strategy ................................................... 3 Germany reveals promising results of EDEN ISS project ....................................................... 4 ASI strengthens