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EDRS PRICE , from the Original Document. A DOCUMENT RESUME ER 15t 255 SO 010-696 TITLE Eighteenth Strategy for Peace Conference.Regort, October 13-16, 1977. - . INSTITUTION SteCnley f"oundation,; Muscatine.; Iowa.' ' PUB DATE `77 . NOTE-, 87p.; 'Fora'related document, seeSO 010 531; tReport Of the Eighteenth Strategy for Peace Conference 1 Warrenton, Virginia, October 13716, 1977)-; Not O `available in hard copy from EDRS due fo'colored:ink in original document AWAILABLE.FRO,M" Stanley Foundation, Aanley Building, Muscatine,' Iowa (free) EDRS PRICE , MF-$0. 83,Prus Postage. HC Not kvaalable,from (EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Civil Liberties; Cdnference Report's; *ConfliC Resolution; Decisiolk Making,Skills.t; Disarmament; ,Emergency Programs; *Foreign Policy; futures (of §oclety); *Global Approach; Government Role;, Onternational Relations; Justice;,Legil-ation; A Militari Science; National Defense; NuclearWarfare; *Peace; Problem Solving; *Productive Thinking; Racial Integration; Racial Segregation; Space; Technological Advancement; World Affairs;'WOrld PrOblems IDENTIFIERS South Africa; United States, ABSTRACT f The document presents a report of 'a conference to_ stimalate-Pudf, research,,aiid,educationin the'field of foreign ;elations..The. report contains summaries .of smallgroup discussions of 'peace and security, economic order, development,- A resource/population ba ]ance, the environbent, and human rights. this presented in six. sections.SeCtidn summarizesdiscussion,of . non7proiiferation strategy for the late 1970s4)Onemajor,proaosai was- to create multinational nuclear power centers; Section /I-foeuSdS-0,11 .7 long: term straiegieS for' human rights, action, by the: United StateSi and internationalorgallizations to preserve huian rights,, and, - consideration of priorities for action in the field offhuman rights, Section In'identifies'problems of.international.securIty itiouter space, .including unavailability of scientific data,,asd tie absenCe,,, of an internation4sspace monitorrni agency, Section Iv examines ways' to encourage social alnd economic development throUgh technglogy.=. Section V describesoulited States government po4oies'toward the United'Nations, 1978 SpeciarSession-on'Yisarmamtlit: Topics discussed, include alternative security sygtems, the conduct of.disarmament legctiations,-and the role of public and private organizationsin . -promoting yeace."'The final section reviews Q.S. ibreign policy options with regard to soUth-Africa. A directory .of conference conclades the document. (Author/DB):: a ***********'************************************************************ if ReproductiOns supplied by EOS.are the best thatcan be made * * , . from the original document. A - * ' ***********************************0***************************4*44**** ,, , 4 t %LS DEPARTMENT OFHEALTH.. EDUCATION & WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF , EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN 41 E P R °- MUD EXACTLY ASRECEIVED FROM THE-PERSON OR ORGANIZATIONORIGIN. ATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OROPJNIONS , STATED DO NOT NECESSARILYREPRE- INSTITUTE OF SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS EIGHTEENTH MATERIAL IN MICROFICHE ONLY HAS BEEN GRANTED BY ,Jae. FORPEACE, TO THE tDUCATIONAL. RESO URCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) AND COnference Report USERS OF THE ERIC SYSTEM " Oct6ber -13-16 . L.r 1-977 CNJ Airlie House r-i Warrenton, Virginia tSl 'Sponsored by CI The Stanley, Foundation 4' .1441-. S k 4 TT- . 2. S III The Eighteenth Strategy for-Peace Conferencecontinued The Stanley Foundation's series of, anni1401 meetings dedicated'toa re-. evaluation of U S foreign policy. Ninety participants froma wide spectrum of disciplines convened to discuss six tOely andimportant issues confronting ace world community. The first Conference to Plan, &Strategy forPeace was held in . June, 1960, to involve leaders in government ad theprofessions throughout the United States in a s'earch fora more enlightened and so' *.forward looking foreign policy, The format of -this conference has beenan informal off-the-record - exchange No time has been spent inpresenting or' debating pre- pared papers or positions No effort has beervexerted toachieve con-. Sensus where difference of opinion-has been evidept. Each group report was. prepared by therapporteur 'to state the es- sence of discussions 'Reports were reviewed by group participants and finally revised by the rapporteur reflecting participants'corn- meets dunng the review session. However, memberssupporting various parts of the report do not necessarily endorse themin their entirety or specific language. Moreover, as participants didnot review the rep Arts of other groups, the reports donot necessarily reflect the ierivs of all members of the Conference. Participants in the Conferenceare in no way,committed to any posi- tion or findings of the discussion grOups, The views iexpressed in thisreport are not necessarily the views ST' 3 The Stanley Foundation. L This report is distributed in the hope that it will stimulate study, re- -search and education in the` field of foreign relations. We urge) that references to, or duplication or distribution of the contents of tills re pgrt be given proper acknowledgriit. k The Stanley Foundation . - Stanley Building Muscbtine. Iowa 52761 U S A IV 4 1 T. 4 4 t, ra Opening Remarks C. Maxwell Stanleg,onference Chairman VII DISCUSSION GROUP REPORTS 1. Non-Proliferation Strategy for the Late . 2. Human Rights and U S. Foreign .11 4,. 3. gutroberleicaocef International Security in 4E 4-1V IScevieenlceop'andnT Technology. International U.N. Special Session on Disarmament: U S Initianves 43 O ,6. Southern Africa: U.S. Policy Options '51 AddrOsg: Joseph S. Nye, Jr. 61 .Participants 71 References 76\ The Stanley Founcration. 77 t. 5 f. OPENING REMARKS oTT By C. Maxwell Stanley "" .0 b St Our Eighteenth Strategy for PeaceConference convenes atan- f auspicious hour. The time isfavorablefor the emergence of 'dynamic' and. innovative U.S. leadership in the worldcommunity's faltering ofi forts to manage global problems. The opporttinityfor leadership is always with us; the nefds of this troutledworld are always present .end Constantly, escalatihg. Now isa unique time due to a fortuitous combinqori of two factors. First, th,Carter Administratio,p has clear- ly demonstrated a determinationto exert O.S. leadership morecoma mensuTate with the inherent responsibility of the largeand powerful. '`\ Second, global attitudes towardaccepting U.S. eadership are more ifavorable than in the recent past. President Carter, before. and since his election,has confronted many facets of U.S: foreign policy boldly. He hascalled for a reduced de. fense budget, together with curtailment ofU.S. sales 4)fconventional weapons. -H4 has urged a new Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) agreenient with lower 'limitson nuclear weapons and at strengthening of detente wish the SovietUnion. Urging substantial re-1 "duction of nuclearweapons, fie has proposed indefinite deferral of 1 reprocessing and, plutonium recycling, delayeddevelopment of 1 $., breeder reactors, and other measure3 intended-to stave off 'prolifera-* tion 9f nuclear weaporis. Greateruse of the United Nations has been erhphasized..The rights, of humans havebecome 'arominent U.S, policy objective. Peacdful resolution ofcontroversi in the Middle East and southerp-Africa is being activelysought a ama Canal treaty, resulting frommany years( of negotiations,' has been alp- ported. , AO 4^..!'" r The Carter Adminstration has ,acted to implement many of these ob- jectives, even though some have been reduced by er-iczunters with vested interests within and without government.. The implementation of same initiatives has appeared paive or ill-timed. It is too early to : judge the success of many of the initiatives, Many of the persons ap- pointed to key foreign p8licy administration positions are kfteten ad- vocates of these new initiatives. On balance, President Carter and his Administranon have given a new thrust to U S. foreign policy grin ciples. Changes in global attitudes toward U.S. leadership result from several factors, not the least of which is the expressed determination of the VIII Carter Achihinistration to' take afresh look at a number of global pioblems Black Africans are impressed by attention given the long neglected problems of southern AfriCa. Developing nations are cautiously hopeful that the United States will continue and expand previous initiatives to dead with global economic problems People everywhere welcome Carter's announced desire to reduce nuclear 'weaponry and applaud proposals for a SALT II treaty with greater limitations than those of the Vladivostok agreement. There are other factors affecting the improved climate, however Na 'tions throughout the world, developed as well as under veJ, ed are feeling increased economic pressures, partly attribute e othe_ burden of military establishments. More national leaders are cogniz ing the need for more effective intemAtional and transnational ap proacheg to world problem solving. More moderate leadership and postures from the Third World, within the Group of 77 (now,grown ' to 110 nations) and other organizations, may be an indication of this attitude. None of these subtle changes mean that the UnitecIPStates can or should clictatworld policy or dominate global decisions. However, a climate is emerging wherein intelligent, and dynamic US. leadership can make mire positive contributions to the resolution of problems plaguing the'Woild. Through my professional activities and those- offhe Stanley Founda-
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