DOCSLIB.ORG

What Were the Aims of the 'Big Three' at the Paris Peace Conference? Interleaving

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
What Were the Aims of the 'Big Three' at the Paris Peace Conference? Interleaving Paper 1, Section B Conflict and Tension, 1918-1939 The Treaty of Versailles What were the aims of the 'Big Three' at the Paris Peace Conference? Interleaving . low stakes questions. 1. When was the German Empire created? P31 2. Who was the Kaiser? P31 3. What is militarism? P31 4. What did Kaiser Wilhelm want to make Germany? 5. What was Germany like before 1871? Pink box p31 Challenge 6. Why did the Kaiser dislike democracy? P31 2. Who was the Kaiser? P31 The person in charge of Germany, inherited his position and ruled like a King. 3. What is militarism? P31 The strengthening of Germany’s military eg the army and the navy and using it to increase Germany’s influence. 4. What did Kaiser Wilhelm want to make Germany? A world power. 5. What was Germany like before 1871? Pink box p31 Lots of small states. Challenge 6. Why did the Kaiser dislike democracy? P31 He thought it was weak and didn’t like working with the Reichstag. He preferred to put his trust in the army. World War One had devastated Europe economically, industrially and socially. About 8 million soldiers and 8 million civilians were dead. Towns and villages were flattened, farms were destroyed and railways had been blown up. It seemed that the world would not be the same again. At the end of the war, the leaders of the winning countries met to decide how to deal with the losing countries - this would be a huge task. The leaders of the winning countries could try to seek revenge or they could try to build a better and more peaceful world. Which way would the discussions go? Who do you think these three men are? What do you think they are talking about? What questions would you like to ask them? The three men are Woodrow Wilson (USA), Georges Clemenceau (France) and David Lloyd George (GB) ie The Big Three. History Dictionary Paris Peace Conference: meeting to decide what to do with countries that had lost WW1, held at the Palace of Versailles near Paris in 1919. World War One: 1914-1918. Fought mainly in northern France and Belgium. The 'Big Three': representatives of the most powerful countries who met at the Paris Peace Conference-GB, USA and France. Sometimes called the Big Four if Italy is included. Colonies: countries under the political control of another country. Peacemakers: the Big Three, ie the leaders deciding on how the peace should be after World War One. The War is over...What should be done with Germany? Was Germany really responsible for the death and destruction? If Germany was blamed and treated too harshly would Germans seek revenge in the future? YOU DECIDE! THE MOOD IN 1919... When the leaders of Britain, France and the USA arrived in Paris in 1919 to draw up the peace treaty...they were under pressure from the public to deal with Germany in a very severe way. There was a strong feeling that Germany should pay for all of the damage and destruction caused by the war. Rank the reasons for the harsh treatment of Germany on your Hexagon Six Diagram... Challenge Write around your diagram the reasons why you have ranked them in that order. Ordinary civilians had to cope with Germany was thought to be too food and medicine ambitious as it had taken huge shortages. amounts of land from Russia...it could have done the same to France and Britain too if they were defeated too! Villages and large areas of Belgium and France had been devastated. Economies of the countries that fought in the war were exhausted. Millions of men had been killed Industries of the countries or injured (on that fought in the war were both sides). exhausted. British and French casualties amounted to over 9 million. The Reasons for the The Reasons for the Harsh Treatment of Harsh Treatment of Germany Germany The Paris Peace Conference In January of 1919, the winners of the 32 winning countries met at the Palace of Versailles to discuss what should happen to Germany. The discussions were headed by the leaders of the most powerful victorious countries: Britain, France and the USA. The leaders of these countries were David Lloyd George (GB), Georges Clemenceau ( France) and Woodrow Wilson (USA). They were known as 'The Big Three'. They had different ideas about how Germany should be treated. Task 1. Who were the Big Three and did they all want the same thing? The Big Three were . 2. What is wrong with the picture? As you watch the clips, write down a few ideas about what each of the 'Big Three' wanted. • https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=FG6U9lcPnAw • https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=jg0zGgMhqFo (Up to 4 mins 30) Challenge 1.Who do you think had the most realistic attitude towards the way that Germany should be dealt with. Explain your answer. 2. Do you think that treating Germany harshly at this stage , could lead to another war? Explain your answer. The Big Three (green) Leader Country What did did they think of Germany and why? Main aim Clemenceau Stuck? Think about where the fighting had taken place and what had Stuck? What did Clemenceau want to do to Germany and been destroyed. What had happened twice during Clemenceau’ s life? why? Lloyd George Stuck? Think about when the USA joined the war and why it had Stuck? Mention peace and the fact that Germany should made money. Did the USA want revenge on Germany? not be treated too harshly. Fourteen Points. Wilson Stuck? Think about trade, fact that Lloyd George had said that he Stuck? Think about compromise ie he wanted Germany to would ‘make Germany pay’. What was Loyd George cautious? be punished but. Clemenceau 1. Explain what France thought of Germany and why in the third column along in the table. Over two thirds of men that had served in the French army had been killed or injured – the war affected almost an entire generation. Lots of the fighting had taken place in north eastern France and the Germans had destroyed many mines, railways, factories, bridges and farmland.To many French people, Germany was still a powerful and intimidating nation. France had felt threatened by the power of Germany since 1870. In fact, France had been invaded by Germany twice during Clemenceau's lifetime, in 1871 and 1914. Also, public opinion in France was demanding that Germany be crushed, the French wanted revenge. 2. Main aims at the Paris Peace Conference-write these in the fourth column on the table. Clemenceau was the Prime Minister of France. He saw the talks at the Paris Peace Conference as an opportunity to cripple Germany so that it could not attack France again. The French President wanted Germany broken up in to a number of smaller states but Clemenceau knew that the British and Americans would not agree to that. He was realistic and knew he would have to compromise on some issues...but he had to listen to public opinion in France and wanted a treaty that would damage Germany as much as possible! Clemenceau wanted Germany to have its armed forces cut and the German border to be pushed back to the Rhine in eastern Germany so that France was less vulnerable to attack. Wilson 1. Explain what the USA thought of Germany and why in the third column along in the table. At first the USA stayed out of the war and when it did join in 1917, there was no fighting on American soil. The USA made lots of money selling weapons to the British and the French and saw no need for revenge on 10.The countries of Eastern Europe should rule Germany . Wilson drew up 14 points to help end the war fairly and to themselves. prevent further wars arising. For example, establishing the League of 11.Serbia to have access to the sea 12.People in the Turkish Empire able to govern Nations, no secret treaties, free trade between countries and all countries themselves. to work towards disarmament (getting rid of weapons). 13.Poland to become an independent state. 14.League of Nations to be set up 2. Main aims at the Paris Peace Conference-write these in the fourth column on the table. Wilson was the idealist of the three leaders, this means that some people thought he was a 'dreamer' and not very practical. He wanted to make a peaceful world after the war where everyone would be treated fairly. Although Wilson wanted world peace, he still believed that Germany needed to be punished but he thought the treaty should not be too hard. 1. No secret treaties He believed that if Germany was treated harshly, one day it would want revenge! He 2.Free access to the seas in war or peacetime wanted to strengthen democracy so the people of Germany would never allow another war. He 3.Free trade between countries also wanted nations to run themselves and not be ruled by other countries, this is called 4.All countries to work towards disarmament self determination. He also suggested a world parliament called the League of Nations 5.Colonies to have a say in their future where countries could work and trade together. In fact, Wilson had lots of ideas for a 6.German troops to leave Russia 7.Independence for Belgium better world. These are called the Fourteen Points. 8.France to regain the Alsace-Lorraine region 9.Frontier between Italy and Austria to be adjusted. Lloyd George 1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Treaty of Versailles I
    Treaty of Versailles I. Wilson’s Vision forWorld Peace A. Fourteen Points to End All Wars 1. Wilson’s first goal was to eliminate the causes of wars by calling for an end to secret agreements and alliances, protecting freedom of the seas, and reducing armaments. 2. Wilson’s second goal was to ensure the right to self-determination so ethnic groups and nationalities could live under governments of their own choosing. 3. The last of the fourteen points called for setting up a League of Nations to ensure world peace. B. Wilson’s Unusual Decisions 1. Wilson broke with tradition by traveling out of the United States while president to lead the U.S. delegation to the peace conference in Paris. 2. Wilson weakened his position when he asked Americans to support Democrats in the 1918 midterm elections, but then the Republicans won a majority in Congress. 3. Wilson made matters worse by choosing all Democrats and only one Republican to serve as the other delegates to the peace conference. II. Ideals Versus Self-Interest at Versailles A. Peace Without Victory Gives Way to War Guilt and Reparations 1. Wilson’s vision for a peaceful world was different from the vision of other Big Four leaders. 2. France’s Georges Clemenceau was most concerned about French security. 3. David Lloyd George wanted Germany to accept full responsibility for the war through a warguilt clause and reparations. 4. Wilson tried to restrain from punishing Germany but ultimately agreed to gain support for the League of Nations. B. Self-Determination Survives, but Only in Europe 1.
    [Show full text]
  • World War I Concept Learning Outline Objectives
    AP European History: Period 4.1 Teacher’s Edition World War I Concept Learning Outline Objectives I. Long-term causes of World War I 4.1.I.A INT-9 A. Rival alliances: Triple Alliance vs. Triple Entente SP-6/17/18 1. 1871: The balance of power of Europe was upset by the decisive Prussian victory in the Franco-Prussian War and the creation of the German Empire. a. Bismarck thereafter feared French revenge and negotiated treaties to isolate France. b. Bismarck also feared Russia, especially after the Congress of Berlin in 1878 when Russia blamed Germany for not gaining territory in the Balkans. 2. In 1879, the Dual Alliance emerged: Germany and Austria a. Bismarck sought to thwart Russian expansion. b. The Dual Alliance was based on German support for Austria in its struggle with Russia over expansion in the Balkans. c. This became a major feature of European diplomacy until the end of World War I. 3. Triple Alliance, 1881: Italy joined Germany and Austria Italy sought support for its imperialistic ambitions in the Mediterranean and Africa. 4. Russian-German Reinsurance Treaty, 1887 a. It promised the neutrality of both Germany and Russia if either country went to war with another country. b. Kaiser Wilhelm II refused to renew the reinsurance treaty after removing Bismarck in 1890. This can be seen as a huge diplomatic blunder; Russia wanted to renew it but now had no assurances it was safe from a German invasion. France courted Russia; the two became allies. Germany, now out of necessity, developed closer ties to Austria.
    [Show full text]
  • Netherlands in Focus
    Talent in Banking 2015 The Netherlands in Focus UK Financial Services Insight Report contents The Netherlands in Focus • Key findings • Macroeconomic and industry context • Survey findings 2 © 2015 Deloitte LLP. All rights reserved. Key findings 3 © 2015 Deloitte LLP. All rights reserved. Attracting talent is difficult for Dutch banks because they are not seen as exciting, and because of the role banks played in the financial crisis • Banking is less popular among business students in the Netherlands than in all but five other countries surveyed, and its popularity has fallen significantly since the financial crisis • Banks do not feature in the top five most popular employers of Dutch banking students; among banking-inclined students, the three largest Dutch banks are the most popular • The top career goals of Dutch banking-inclined students are ‘to be competitively or intellectually challenged’ and ‘to be a leader or manager of people’ • Dutch banking-inclined students are much less concerned with being ‘creative/innovative’ than their business school peers • Dutch banking-inclined students want ‘leadership opportunities’ and leaders who will support and inspire them, but do not expect to find these attributes in the banking sector • Investment banking-inclined students have salary expectations that are significantly higher than the business student average • Banks in the Netherlands are failing to attract female business students; this is particularly true of investment banks 4 © 2015 Deloitte LLP. All rights reserved. Macroeconomic and industry context 5 © 2015 Deloitte LLP. All rights reserved. Youth unemployment in the Netherlands has almost doubled since the financial crisis, but is relatively low compared to other EMEA countries Overall and youth unemployment, the Netherlands, 2008-2014 15% 10% 5% 0% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Overall Youth (Aged 15-24) 6 Source: OECD © 2015 Deloitte LLP.
    [Show full text]
  • The Labor Agreements Between UAW and the Big Three Automakers- Good Economics Or Bad Economics? John J
    Journal of Business & Economics Research – January, 2009 Volume 7, Number 1 The Labor Agreements Between UAW And The Big Three Automakers- Good Economics Or Bad Economics? John J. Lucas, Purdue University Calumet, USA Jonathan M. Furdek, Purdue University Calumet, USA ABSTRACT On October 10, 2007, the UAW membership ratified a landmark, 456-page labor agreement with General Motors. Following pattern bargaining, the UAW also reached agreement with Chrysler LLC and then Ford Motor Company. This paper will examine the major provisions of these groundbreaking labor agreements, including the creation of the Voluntary Employee Beneficiary Association (VEBA), the establishment of a two tier wage structure for newly hired workers, the job security provisions, the new wage package for hourly workers, and the shift to defined contribution plans for new hires. The paper will also provide an economic analysis of these labor agreements to consider both if the “Big Three” automakers can remain competitive in the global market and what will be their impact on the UAW and its membership. Keywords: UAW, 2007 Negotiations, Labor Contracts BACKGROUND he 2007 labor negotiations among the Big Three automakers (General Motors, Chrysler LLC, and Ford Motor) and the United Autoworkers (UAW) proved to be historic, as well as controversial as they sought mutually to agree upon labor contracts that would “usher in a new era for the auto Tindustry.” Both parties realized the significance of attaining these groundbreaking labor agreements, in order for the American auto industry to survive and compete successfully in the global economy. For the UAW, with its declining membership of approximately 520,000, that once topped 1.5 million members, a commitment from the Big Three automakers for product investments to protect jobs and a new health care trust fund were major goals.
    [Show full text]
  • Theory of the Beautiful Game: the Unification of European Football
    Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 54, No. 3, July 2007 r 2007 The Author Journal compilation r 2007 Scottish Economic Society. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main St, Malden, MA, 02148, USA THEORY OF THE BEAUTIFUL GAME: THE UNIFICATION OF EUROPEAN FOOTBALL John Vroomann Abstract European football is in a spiral of intra-league and inter-league polarization of talent and wealth. The invariance proposition is revisited with adaptations for win- maximizing sportsman owners facing an uncertain Champions League prize. Sportsman and champion effects have driven European football clubs to the edge of insolvency and polarized competition throughout Europe. Revenue revolutions and financial crises of the Big Five leagues are examined and estimates of competitive balance are compared. The European Super League completes the open-market solution after Bosman. A 30-team Super League is proposed based on the National Football League. In football everything is complicated by the presence of the opposite team. FSartre I Introduction The beauty of the world’s game of football lies in the dynamic balance of symbiotic competition. Since the English Premier League (EPL) broke away from the Football League in 1992, the EPL has effectively lost its competitive balance. The rebellion of the EPL coincided with a deeper media revolution as digital and pay-per-view technologies were delivered by satellite platform into the commercial television vacuum created by public television monopolies throughout Europe. EPL broadcast revenues have exploded 40-fold from h22 million in 1992 to h862 million in 2005 (33% CAGR).
    [Show full text]
  • Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference by Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J
    STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES 11 Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference by Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J. Lamb Center for Strategic Research Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) is National Defense University’s (NDU’s) dedicated research arm. INSS includes the Center for Strategic Research, Center for Complex Operations, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, Center for Technology and National Security Policy, Center for Transatlantic Security Studies, and Conflict Records Research Center. The military and civilian analysts and staff who comprise INSS and its subcomponents execute their mission by conducting research and analysis, publishing, and participating in conferences, policy support, and outreach. The mission of INSS is to conduct strategic studies for the Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Unified Combatant Commands in support of the academic programs at NDU and to perform outreach to other U.S. Government agencies and the broader national security community. Cover: Kathleen Bailey presents evidence of forgeries to the press corps. Credit: The Washington Times Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference By Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J. Lamb Institute for National Strategic Studies Strategic Perspectives, No. 11 Series Editor: Nicholas Rostow National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. June 2012 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government.
    [Show full text]
  • Registration, Inspection, and Financial Responsibility Requirements
    THE BIG THREE - REGISTRATION, INSPECTION, AND FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY REQUIREMENTS THE BIG THREE – REGISTRATION, INSPECTION, AND FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY REQUIREMENTS Registration Inspection Financial Responsibility Transportation Code §502.002—Motor vehicles must be Transportation Code §548.051—Those motor vehicles Transportation Code §601.051—Cannot operate a registered within 30 days after purchasing a vehicle or registered in this state must be inspected (list of vehicles motor vehicle unless financial responsibility is General Rule becoming a Texas resident. not required to be inspected found at Transportation established for that vehicle (motor vehicle defined Code §548.052). in §601.002(5)). Transportation Code §502.006(a)—Cannot be registered for Not required. Required if all-terrain vehicle is designed for use on operation on a public highway EXCEPT state, county, or a highway. “All-Terrain municipality may register all-terrain vehicle for operation Vehicles” on any public beach or highway to maintain public safety Not required if all-terrain vehicle is not designed and welfare. for use on a highway (see definition of motor vehicle in Transportation Code §601.002(5)). Transportation Code §504.501—Special registration Not required; must instead pass initial safety inspection Required. “Custom Vehicle” procedures for custom vehicles. at time of registration. Transportation Code §502.0075—Not required to be Not required. Not required—not a motor vehicle under “Electric Bicycles” registered. Transportation Code §541.201(11). “Electric Personal Transportation Code §502.2862—Not required to be Not required. Not required—not a motor vehicle under Assistive Mobility Device” registered. Transportation Code §601.002(5) or §541.201(11). Transportation Code §551.402—Cannot be registered for Not required; must display a slow-moving-vehicle No financial responsibility for golf carts operated “Golf Carts” operation on a public highway.
    [Show full text]
  • The Big Three at the Paris Peace Conference: Questions and Answers
    The Big Three at the Paris Peace Conference – Questions and Answers These questions and answers are taken from the Big Three at the Paris Peace Conference podcast at www.mrallsophistory.com. Scan the QR code or visit https://goo.gl/0L9Gjp to listen. You might find it useful to cover the answers and then write them in as you listen to the podcast. Where did the Big Three meet to discuss the fate of The Palace of Versailles outside Germany? Paris Who was the British Prime Minister? David Lloyd George Who was the President of the USA? Woodrow Wilson Who was the Prime Minister of France? Georges Clemenceau What is the name of the treaty that Germany signed Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Russia? The British public pressured David Lloyd George to Lemon ‘squeeze Germany like a…’ what? What were Lloyd George’s two key priorities at Peace and trade Versailles? Take some of Germany’s overseas What did Lloyd George hope to do Germany’s Empire? colonies and add them to the British Empire Downloaded from www.mrallsophistory.com In which previous war had France been invaded by - Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) and lost land to - Germany? Roughly what fraction of French soldiers who had served in the French army had been killed or injured in Over two-thirds the war? Make France safe from any possible What was Georges Clemenceau’s primary aim at German attack in the future - to Versailles? weaken Germany as much as possible What kinds of peace did Woodrow Wilson hope for? A just and lasting peace What did he fear might happen if Germany was treated In the
    [Show full text]
  • Costa Rican Banana Industry
    The Growth of the Banana Industry in Costa Rica and Its Effect on Biodiversity: History and Loss of Biodiversity THE HISTORY OF BANANAS IN COSTA RICA Historically banana plantations have played an integral part in Costa Rica's economy. The first banana plantation was created in 1872 and commercial export began in 1879. By 1899, The United Fruit Company was formed and went on to become well established throughout Central America within several countries, which were known, as the "banana republics". However, by 1956, the Costa Rican government had become concerned about the number of plantations, which had been developed and abandoned due to "Panama Disease" (a root fungus), not to mention the careless use of the country’s natural resources by the United Fruit Company (Hernadez and Witter, 1996). At this point the government recruited the Standard Fruit Company (now Dole, a subsidiary of Castle and Cooke) who began purchasing small amounts of fruit from local growers. Unfortunately it was also at this point in time that the use of agro-chemicals was put into practice, with this came the use of large amounts of pesticides, fungicides, nematocides, (Astorga, 1996) and other chemicals, as well as other intensive field and processing management. As of 1967, the United Fruit Company became known as the United Brands Company and the Chiquita label was introduced into Costa Rica. In 1968 another company, Del Monte, through [its] subsidiary, BANDECO, started producing and exporting from the Atlantic Zone. These three companies, Dole, Chiquita, and Del Monte are known as the "Big Three" in Costa Rica (McCracken, 1998).
    [Show full text]
  • Gender in Televised Sports: News and Highlight Shows, 1989-2009
    GENDER IN TELEVISED SPORTS NEWS AND HIGHLIGHTS SHOWS, 1989‐2009 CO‐INVESTIGATORS Michael A. Messner, Ph.D. University of Southern California Cheryl Cooky, Ph.D. Purdue University RESEARCH ASSISTANT Robin Hextrum University of Southern California With an Introduction by Diana Nyad Center for Feminist Research, University of Southern California June, 2010 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION by Diana Nyad…………………………………………………………………….………..3 II. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS…………………………………………………………………………………………4 III. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY…………………………………………………………………………………………6 IV. DESCRIPTION OF FINDINGS……………………………………………………………………………………8 1. Sports news: Coverage of women’s sports plummets 2. ESPN SportsCenter: A decline in coverage of women’s sports 3. Ticker Time: Women’s sports on the margins 4. Men’s “Big Three” sports are the central focus 5. Unequal coverage of women’s and men’s pro and college basketball 6. Shifting portrayals of women 7. Commentators: Racially diverse; Sex‐segregated V. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF FINDINGS…………………………………………………….22 VI. REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………………………..…………………28 VII. APPENDIX: SELECTED WOMEN’S SPORTING EVENTS DURING THE STUDY…………..30 VIII. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF THE STUDY………………………………….…………….….33 IX. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………………………………………….34 X. ABOUT THE CO‐INVESTIGATORS………………………………………………………………..….…….35 2 I. INTRODUCTION By Diana Nyad For two decades, the GENDER IN TELEVISED SPORTS report has tracked the progress— as well as the lack of progress—in the coverage of women’s sports on television news and highlights shows. One of the positive outcomes derived from past editions of this valuable study has been a notable improvement in the often‐derogatory ways that sports commentators used to routinely speak of women athletes. The good news in this report is that there is far less insulting and overtly sexist treatment of women athletes than there was twenty or even ten years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • DASHED HOPES the Criminalization of Peaceful Expression in Myanmar WATCH
    HUMAN RIGHTS DASHED HOPES The Criminalization of Peaceful Expression in Myanmar WATCH Dashed Hopes The Criminalization of Peaceful Expression in Myanmar Copyright © 2019 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-36970 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org FEBRUARY 2019 ISBN: 978-1-6231-36970 Dashed Hopes The Criminalization of Peaceful Expression in Myanmar Summary ........................................................................................................................... 1 Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 5 I. Background ..................................................................................................................... 6 II. Section 66(d)
    [Show full text]
  • Overview of Fever of Unknown Origin in Adult and Paediatric Patients L
    Overview of fever of unknown origin in adult and paediatric patients L. Attard1, M. Tadolini1, D.U. De Rose2, M. Cattalini2 1Infectious Diseases Unit, Department ABSTRACT been proposed, including removing the of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Fever of unknown origin (FUO) can requirement for in-hospital evaluation Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; be caused by a wide group of dis- due to an increased sophistication of 2Paediatric Clinic, University of Brescia eases, and can include both benign outpatient evaluation. Expansion of the and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy. and serious conditions. Since the first definition has also been suggested to Luciano Attard, MD definition of FUO in the early 1960s, include sub-categories of FUO. In par- Marina Tadolini, MD Domenico Umberto De Rose, MD several updates to the definition, di- ticular, in 1991 Durak and Street re-de- Marco Cattalini, MD agnostic and therapeutic approaches fined FUO into four categories: classic Please address correspondence to: have been proposed. This review out- FUO; nosocomial FUO; neutropenic Marina Tadolini, MD, lines a case report of an elderly Ital- FUO; and human immunodeficiency Via Massarenti 11, ian male patient with high fever and virus (HIV)-associated FUO, and pro- 40138 Bologna, Italy. migrating arthralgia who underwent posed three outpatient visits and re- E-mail: [email protected] many procedures and treatments before lated investigations as an alternative to Received on November 27, 2017, accepted a final diagnosis of Adult-onset Still’s “1 week of hospitalisation” (5). on December, 7, 2017. disease was achieved. This case report In 1997, Arnow and Flaherty updated Clin Exp Rheumatol 2018; 36 (Suppl.
    [Show full text]