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Presentación De Powerpoint See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336231014 DIVERSIDAD DE LA FAMILIA MELASTOMATACEAE EN ECUADOR Presentation · October 2018 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.36690.09922 CITATIONS READS 0 980 2 authors, including: Diana Fernández Fernández Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Ecuador 45 PUBLICATIONS 122 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Plantas de los Páramos del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito, Ecuador View project A new species of Sloanea (Elaeocarpaceae) subgenus Quadrisepala from Ecuadorian Amazonia View project All content following this page was uploaded by Diana Fernández Fernández on 03 October 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. DIVERSIDAD DE LA FAMILIA MELASTOMATACEAE EN ECUADOR Diana Fernández Fernández1* Carmen Ulloa Ulloa2 1Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Herbario QCNE, *[email protected] 2Missouri Botanical Garden Quito, 25 de octubre del 2018 Foto: W. Palacios Miconia yeseniae W. Palacios, D. Fernández & Michelang., sp. nov. Melastomataceae Distribución: Zonas húmedas tropicales y subtropicales de América, África y Asia. Subfamilias: • Olisbeoideae • Melastomatoideae (Neotrópico) Neotrópico : • 3700 especies • 180 géneros • 7 tribus www.tropicos.org Melastomataceae en Ecuador Nᵒ Tribus Nᵒ Géneros Nᵒ Especies Nᵒ Endémicas Autores Jorgensen & León Yánez, 6 43 553 199 1999 Ulloa & Neill, 2011; 6 43 588 183 Penneys & Cotton, 2011 Fernández & Ulloa, 2017 6 41 610 200 (inédito) Tibouchina oroensis Gleason Importancia del estudio de la familia Melastomataceae en Ecuador • Tercera familia más diversa (3%) • Se encuentra desde los bosques de tierras bajas hasta los páramos, excepto es los matorrales y bosques secos. www.tropicos.org • Presenta una variedad de hábitos Hierbas Arbustos Lianas Monolena primuliflora Arthrostemma ciliatum Meriania sp. Epífitas Árboles Meriania maguirei Blakea sp. Meriania sp. • Presenta diferentes síndromes de polinización y dispersión Meriania tomentosa Meriania sanguinea Fotos: Francisco Sornoza • Presenta una gran proporción de especies endémicas 36% --- (ca. 200 spp.) Meriania loxensis (EN) Meriania costata (EN) Axinaea quitensis (NT) Importancia del estudio de la familia Melastomataceae en Ecuador • Presenta un gran potencial en la ornamentación por el follaje y colorido de las flores: los géneros Meriania, Tibouchina, Blakea y Brachyotum. • Importancia ecológica: 60% de las especies tienen bayas jugosas que sirven de alimento para las aves frugívoras. • En un estudio sobre usos de las Melastomataceae en Ecuador (Freire- Fierro et al., 2002), se reportan 127 especies con algún uso para el hombre: o medicina: para tratar heridas, picaduras de culebra o construcción: postes, encofrados, cabos de herramientas o comestibles: Bellucia pentamera, Monolena primuliflora o combustibles Foto: Lou Jost Meriania pastazana Meriania maxima Características taxonómicas y morfológicas de Melastomataceae • Ubicación taxonómica (APG IV, 2016) - Orden Myrtales - Grupo Rosids • Caracteres diagnósticos - Hojas simples opuestas - Nervadura acródroma - Flores con pétalos libres - Estambres isomorfos o dimorfos - Frutos bayas o cápsulas Tibouchina lepidota (Bonpl.) Baill. Miconia crocea (Desr.) Naudin Meriania furvanthera Wurdack Hojas Flores Frutos Colecciones botánicas de Melastomataceae en Ecuador Santo Domingo Galapagos Guayas Manabí Los Ríos Bolívar Cañar El Oro Chimborazo Cotopaxi Tungurahua 18.800 ejemplares de herbario Imbabura Orellana PROVINCIAS Azuay Sucumbíos Esmeraldas Loja Carchi Morona-Santiago Pastaza Pichincha Zamora-Chinchipe Napo 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 Nᴼ COLECCIONES Distribución altitudinal aprox. de las especies de Melastomataceae en Ecuador 4001 m- (15) 3601-4000 m (232) 3201-3600 m (1011) 2801-3200 m (1688) 2401-2800 m (1923) 2001-2400 m (1049) 1601-2000 m (1277) 1201-1600 m (1362) 801-1200 m (2505) 401-800 m (231) 5-400 m (4175) Meriania aurata C. Ulloa, D. Fernández & D.A. Neill Meriania franciscana C. Ulloa & Homeier Nᵒ Nᵒ Nvos Nvas Tribu Géneros Especies Endémicas registros especies Adelobotrys 5 2 Axinaea 14 6 1 3 Centronia 2 1 Graffenrieda 12 2 1 Merianieae Huberia 1 Meriania 31 20 2 2 Phainantha 2 1 Tessmannianthus 2 Total 69 30 4 7 Brachyotum russatum E. Cotton Brachyotum johannes-julii E. Cotton Nᵒ Nᵒ Nvos Nvas Tribu Géneros Especies Endémicas registros especies Aciotis 15 2 4 1 Arthrostemma 1 Brachyotum 24 15 3 Desmoscelis 1 Monochaetum 3 Melastomeae Nepsera 1 Pilocosta 1 Pterogastra 1 Pterolepis 1 Tibouchina 14 5 Total 62 22 4 4 Brittonia 2017. PhytoKeys 12: 35–46 (2012) Miconia complanata Jan. M. Burke, Michelang. & D. Fernández Miconia machinazana C. Ulloa & D.A. Neill Nᵒ Nᵒ Nvos Nvas Tribu Géneros Especies Endémicas registros especies Bellucia 5 Clidemia 41 9 3 Conostegia 16 1 Henriettea 9 Killipia 1 Miconieae Leandra 19 1 Maieta 2 Miconia 262 97 4 4 Myrmidone 1 Ossaea 20 5 Tococa 12 Total 388 113 4 7 attenboroughii.html?m=1 - blakea - 2009 Phytotaxa 284 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press https://novataxa.blogspot.com.co/2016/08/ Phytotaxa 212 (4) © 2015 Magnolia Press Blakea nangaritzana D. Fernández, Chalybea brevipedunculata Penneys, C. C. Ulloa & Penneys Ulloa & D. Fernández Blakea attenboroughii Penneys & L. Jost Nᵒ Nᵒ Nvos Nvas Tribu Géneros Especies Endémicas registros especies Blakea 55 28 3 4 Blakeeae Chalybea 3 1 2 Total 58 29 3 6 Conclusiones • Es un grupo que requiere mucha atención por la gran diversidad, endemismo y amplia distribución. • Varios sitios poco explorados proporcionan nuevos registros y nuevas especies para la ciencia. • Tiene potenciales usos en la ornamentación que no están siendo aprovechados. • Importancia ecológica como fuente de alimento para muchas especies de Meriania ardyae sp. nov. insectos, aves y mámiferos. Gracias! View publication stats.
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