Los Bosques De La Cuenca Transfronteriza Del Río Mayo-Chinchipe Perú-Ecuador
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Recommendation of Native Species for the Reforestation of Degraded Land Using Live Staking in Antioquia and Caldas’ Departments (Colombia)
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA Department of Land, Environment Agriculture and Forestry Second Cycle Degree (MSc) in Forest Science Recommendation of native species for the reforestation of degraded land using live staking in Antioquia and Caldas’ Departments (Colombia) Supervisor Prof. Lorenzo Marini Co-supervisor Prof. Jaime Polanía Vorenberg Submitted by Alicia Pardo Moy Student N. 1218558 2019/2020 Summary Although Colombia is one of the countries with the greatest biodiversity in the world, it has many degraded areas due to agricultural and mining practices that have been carried out in recent decades. The high Andean forests are especially vulnerable to this type of soil erosion. The corporate purpose of ‘Reforestadora El Guásimo S.A.S.’ is to use wood from its plantations, but it also follows the parameters of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). For this reason, it carries out reforestation activities and programs and, very particularly, it is interested in carrying out ecological restoration processes in some critical sites. The study area is located between 2000 and 2750 masl and is considered a low Andean humid forest (bmh-MB). The average annual precipitation rate is 2057 mm and the average temperature is around 11 ºC. The soil has a sandy loam texture with low pH, which limits the amount of nutrients it can absorb. FAO (2014) suggests that around 10 genera are enough for a proper restoration. After a bibliographic revision, the genera chosen were Alchornea, Billia, Ficus, Inga, Meriania, Miconia, Ocotea, Protium, Prunus, Psidium, Symplocos, Tibouchina, and Weinmannia. Two inventories from 2013 and 2019, helped to determine different biodiversity indexes to check the survival of different species and to suggest the adequate characteristics of the individuals for a successful vegetative stakes reforestation. -
Andean Flora of Ecuador
Andean Flora of Ecuador Naturetrek Tour Report 6 - 21 November 2004 Report compiled by Irene Palmer Naturetrek Cheriton Mill Cheriton Alresford Hampshire SO24 0NG England T: +44 (0)1962 733051 F: +44 (0)1962 736426 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report Andean Flora of Ecuador Irene Palmer’s personal record of the Ecuador orchid tour, in the company of her husband and four others. Lou Jost was tour leader and Florian Werner was co-leader for part of the tour. The initial itinerary, departing from London Heathrow included a brief stop in Miami; it was changed just before departure to avoid new American in-transit requirements.Our small group of six was routed via Madrid to Quito using Iberia rather than American Airlines. This met with general approval. Day 1 Saturday 6th November London via Madrid to Quito Naturetrek’s distinctive blue labels enabled us to locate the other members of the group as we left Heathrow and we also encountered the group who were bound for Venezuela. The transfer in Madrid went smoothly and we settled down for the long flight to Quito. We were warned that in-flight staff weren’t noted for the frequency of their visits up and down the cabin. We thought they were sloppy; they didn’t check all the seats were upright before take-off. They kept a welcome supply of drinks and snacks at the rear of the plane during much of the long flight but we were very suspicious that a prolonged period when the seat belt signs were lit indicating turbulence, was an excuse to have a chat and a break, as there was no turbulence; some of the passengers got rather balky and were ordered to remain in their seats. -
REPORT 2014 We Thank the Teams That Supported the Elaboration of This Sustainability Report
SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2014 We thank the teams that supported the elaboration of this Sustainability Report: President General Secretary VP of Administration VP of Public Services and Regulation VP of Equity Portfolio and Planning VP of Special Projects VP of Finance VP of Transmission VP of Internal Auditing Subsidiaries Directorate Directorate-General of Subsidiaries SUSTAINABILITY Directorate of Subsidiaries’ Corporate Affairs Directorate of External Relations REPORT 2014 The Grupo Energía de Bogotá Foundation Edition Design and Layout Integrated Management System Management .Puntoaparte Bookvertising External Relations Directorate Empresa de Energía de Bogotá Bogotá, March 2015 www.eeb.com.co Advisors BSD Consulting Ltda. Cover design and chapters Sistole Photographs EEB’s Photobank EEB Sustainable Management Report 2014 Commitment Commitment Commitment Commitment Commitment Commitment 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.1 2.2 About EEB and the Grupo Integral Annexes Energía de Bogotá management Letter of Assurance from PwC Having a Having Provide aProvide operates. Company where the Table GRI Be a greatBe a standards. world-class Ethics, Risk sustainable service with value chain. value of life oftheof life environment. communities Table COP shareholders. sustainability. of corporative of corporative place to work. place to Understanding Human Rights. Human Table Blueprint Improve quality Improve Create value for Create value management and Good governance, Financial statements EEB Care and respectthe Consolidated financial statements Grupo Energía de Bogotá EEB Sustainable Management Report 2014 trillion, i.e. a 17.72% above the recorded at De- Bogotá during the period of peak demand in 2014; Message to our Stakeholders cember 31, 2013. (V) The adjudication to the Company of three ma- Meanwhile, stock performance reflected an in- jor UPME projects, namely: Bolívar - Termocarta- crease of 17.24% in the year, with a closing price gena (220 kV) and associated transmission lines, of COP 1,700 per share. -
Cryphonectria Canker on Tibouchina in Colombia
For. Path. 31 (2001) 297±306 Ó 2001 Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin ISSN 1437±4781 Cryphonectria canker on Tibouchina in Colombia 1 2 3 4 2 By M. J. WINGFIELD ,C.RODAS ,H.MYBURG ,M.VENTER ,J.WRIGHT 3 and B. D. WINGFIELD 1Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, 74 Lunnon Road, Hillcrest, Pretoria, South Africa 0002; E-mail: Mike.Wing®[email protected]; 2Smur®t Carton de Colombia, Cali, Colombia and Wright Forest Management Consultants Inc., Cary NC, USA; 3Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; 4Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Summary Cryphonectria canker, caused by Cryphonectria cubensis, has limited the development of new Eucalyptus plantations in tropical and subtropical regions. The pathogen is commonly found on Eucalyptus, but its occurrence on other hosts in the Myrtaceae has also been documented. In this study C. cubensis is reported as the causal agent of a serious canker disease on Tibouchina spp. (Melastomataceae) in Colombia. We used morphological studies, pathogenicity tests on Eucalyptus and Tibouchina, and a phylogenetic study using partial ribosomal DNA sequence data. This is the ®rst record of C. cubensis on a host outside the Myrtaceae. 1 Introduction Cryphonectria canker caused by Cryphonectria cubensis (Bruner) Hodges is one of the most important diseases of Eucalyptus grown in plantations (BOERBOOM and MAAS 1970; HODGES 1980; WINGFIELD et al. 1989). The disease is well known in tropical and subtropical areas of the world where relatively high temperatures and rainfall favour disease development (ALFENAS et al. 1982). Cryphonectria canker has severely limited plantation development in some of these areas. -
Phytochemical Studies on the Illawarra Flame Tree and Alstonville
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health 1-1-2016 Flowers in Australia: phytochemical studies on the Illawarra flame tree and Alstonville Rudi Hendra University of Wollongong, [email protected] Paul A. Keller University of Wollongong, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/smhpapers Part of the Medicine and Health Sciences Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Hendra, Rudi and Keller, Paul A., "Flowers in Australia: phytochemical studies on the Illawarra flame tree and Alstonville" (2016). Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A. 4057. https://ro.uow.edu.au/smhpapers/4057 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Flowers in Australia: phytochemical studies on the Illawarra flame tree and Alstonville Abstract The first eporr ted phytochemical studies on two species of flowers in ustrA alia enabled the identification of six secondary metabolites from Illawarra flame tree flower (Brachychiton acerifolius) and seven secondary metabolites from the flowers of the Alstonville (Tibouchina lepidota). Pelargonidin 3-(6-coumarylglucoside)-5-(6-acetylglucoside) was found to be responsible for the red colour of B. acerifolius, whereas malvidin 3-(coumarylglucoside)-5-(acetylxyloside) was responsible for the purple colour of (T. lepidota) flowers. (2S)-4,5-Dihydroxyflavanone 7-O-β-d-glucuronide methyl ester was isolated for the first time from B. acerifolius, and its absolute configuration was determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy. -
Presentación De Powerpoint
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336231014 DIVERSIDAD DE LA FAMILIA MELASTOMATACEAE EN ECUADOR Presentation · October 2018 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.36690.09922 CITATIONS READS 0 980 2 authors, including: Diana Fernández Fernández Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Ecuador 45 PUBLICATIONS 122 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Plantas de los Páramos del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito, Ecuador View project A new species of Sloanea (Elaeocarpaceae) subgenus Quadrisepala from Ecuadorian Amazonia View project All content following this page was uploaded by Diana Fernández Fernández on 03 October 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. DIVERSIDAD DE LA FAMILIA MELASTOMATACEAE EN ECUADOR Diana Fernández Fernández1* Carmen Ulloa Ulloa2 1Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Herbario QCNE, *[email protected] 2Missouri Botanical Garden Quito, 25 de octubre del 2018 Foto: W. Palacios Miconia yeseniae W. Palacios, D. Fernández & Michelang., sp. nov. Melastomataceae Distribución: Zonas húmedas tropicales y subtropicales de América, África y Asia. Subfamilias: • Olisbeoideae • Melastomatoideae (Neotrópico) Neotrópico : • 3700 especies • 180 géneros • 7 tribus www.tropicos.org Melastomataceae en Ecuador Nᵒ Tribus Nᵒ Géneros Nᵒ Especies Nᵒ Endémicas Autores Jorgensen & León Yánez, 6 43 553 199 1999 Ulloa & Neill, 2011; 6 43 588 183 Penneys & Cotton, 2011 Fernández & Ulloa, 2017 6 41 610 200 (inédito) Tibouchina oroensis Gleason Importancia del estudio de la familia Melastomataceae en Ecuador • Tercera familia más diversa (3%) • Se encuentra desde los bosques de tierras bajas hasta los páramos, excepto es los matorrales y bosques secos. -
Case Study 2.A Annex 5
Annex 5 Case Study Annex Case Study 2.A The Urban Heat Island of Antwerp 4.20 4.504.454.404.354.304.25 4.55 D. Lauwaet, K. De Ridder, B. Maiheu, and H. Hooyberghs 28 Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek (VITO), Antwerp 51.35 26 51.35 G. Lambrechts, L. Custers, and I. Gommers 51.30 51.25 51.20 51.15 City of Antwerp 24 51.30 Keywords Heat stress, urban climate model, 22 mitigation, adaptation, climate science 51.25 20 Population 1,015,000 (Demographia, 2016) (Metropolitan Region) 18 51.20 Area (Metropolitan 635 km² (Demographia, 2016) Region) 16 51.15 Income per capita US$41,860 (World Bank, 2017) 14 4.554.504.454.404.354.304.254.20 Climate zone Cfb – Temperate, without dry season, warm summer (Peel et al., 2007) Case Study 2.A Figure 1 Annual average number of heat wave days in the Antwerp area for the period 2081–2100, under the RCP8.5 climate scenario. Cities tend to be warmer than their rural surroundings, a phe- learned that the model achieves accuracy comparable to that of nomenon called the urban heat island, exposing urban residents existing traditional models, but at a speed that is more than a to much higher levels of heat stress than people living in the hundred times higher. As a result, UrbClim is capable of cov- nearby rural areas. At the same time, climate projections indicate ering periods long enough (tens of years) to deduce relevant that the frequency, intensity, and duration of heat waves is very climate statistics. -
Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Resource Use of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Microgastrinae), Genus Highly Diversified in the Neotropics
TAXONOMY, PHYLOGENY AND RESOURCE USE OF GLYPTAPANTELES (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE, MICROGASTRINAE), GENUS HIGHLY DIVERSIFIED IN THE NEOTROPICS BY DIANA CAROLINA ARIAS PENNA DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Entomology in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2014 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor James B. Whitfield, Chair, Director of Research Professor May R. Berenbaum Professor Sydney A. Cameron Dr. Marianne Alleyne Dr. Kevin P. Johnson ABSTRACT Among hymenopteran parasitoid wasps, Ichneumonoidea is one of the superfamilies with the highest number of species and includes the highly diverse Microgastrinae subfamily. Microgastrinae wasps are very abundant and can be collected in many different terrestrial habitats. A considerable number of species have been used in successful biological pest control programs, making it one of the most important insect groups. Glyptapanteles is one of the larger genera within Microgastrinae, which was segregated after several attempts to subdivide the gigantic genus Apanteles Foerster 1862. To date, 122 species have been described worldwide, of which only six are Neotropical, despite unpublished evidence that this genus is one of the largest in the Neotropics. Glyptapanteles are diminutive parasitoid wasps, which are free-living as adults, but as immatures, they attack exclusively larvae of Lepidoptera as a food resource for their developing larvae. These parasitoid wasps play a preponderant role in regulating their lepidopteran host populations and in maintaining high biological diversity in terrestrial ecosystems. A reliable revision for the Neotropics has not yet been attempted and many Glyptapanteles species remain undescribed. The scarcity of both taxon sampling and biological information is no longer standard for some Neotropical groups of insects. -
A Phytosociological Study of the Montane Vegetation of Researva
The vegetation of Reserva Biológica San Francisco, Zamora-Chinchipe, Southern Ecuador 145 The vegetation of Reserva Biológica San Francisco, Zamora-Chinchipe, Southern Ecuador – a phytosociological synthesis Rainer W. Bussmann Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany, Fax: [0049] (0)921 552642, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Few floristic inventories and even less syntaxonomical vegetation descriptions of tropical mountain forests exist. The author presents a syntaxonomical treatment of the vegetation of Reserva Biológica San Francisco at the northern limit of Podocarpus National Park, Ecuador. The “Lower Montane Forests” (1800-2150 m), grouped in the new order Alzateetalia verticillatae, have a very diverse, 20-35m tall, 2-3 storied Estrato arboreo, and are a typical mosaic-climax. They grow on Terric Haplosaprists and Aquic Dystrupepts, developed from old landslide material and extend up to 2300 m at the bottom of wind-protected riverine valleys. At altitudes from 2100 to 2650/2750 m, the forest structure and floristic composition change completely. The vegetation types belonging to this “Upper Montane Forest” form the new Purdiaeaetalia nutantis, growing on Histic Petraquepts. They represent a monotypic vegetation type, with only one Estrato arboreo, and stems between 5-10 m, sometimes up to 15 m tall. The canopy is completely dominated by the twisted stems of Purdiaea nutans (Cyrillaceae). The „Subalpine-elfin forest“ which closely resembles the Bolivian „Jalca“ forms the uppermost forest belt of the study area. Described as Clusio ellipticae – Weinmannion cochensis, this forest – more like an impenetrable bushland - grows on Humaqueptic Epiaquents and is closely dovetailed with the adjacent Páramo region. -
Plant of the Week Ttiibboouucchhiinnaa
Plant of the Week TTiibboouucchhiinnaa LLaassiiaannddrraa oorr GGlloorryy BBuusshh From late summer, through autumn and to winter, purple flowering Tibouchina trees and shrubs dominate Sydney gardens. For decades, these gaudy individuals from tropical rainforests of Central and South America have been popular with Australian gardeners. Wauchope, on the north coast of New South Wales, even celebrates a ‘Lasiandra Festival’ in March each year. In the first half of last century, varieties of Tibouchina urvilleana (then known as T. semidecandra) were common in Sydney gardens, later T. granulosa became very popular. In recent years, new varieties of Tibouchina lepidota, bred by the late Ken Dunstan of Alstonville, have largely replaced the earlier species and varieties1. When Dunstan’s outstanding variety Tibouchina lepidota ‘Alstonville’ is in full flower, it is almost impossible to see green leaves beneath the crown of purple flowers. If you prefer a pink Lasiandra, try Tibouchina granulosa ‘Kathleen’, another gem from Alstonville. There are about 350 species of Tibouchina, a genus in the family Melastomataceae (or Melastomaceae). Most genera are found in the New World, but others are found scattered through tropical areas of Africa, Asia and the Pacific, including 7 genera and 9 species in tropical regions of Australia2. However, Tibouchina is not everyone’s cup of tea! In Hawaii, where plants reproduce vegetatively to form dense thickets in low-lying areas, Tibouchina species are listed as noxious weeds3. , World Distribution of Tibouchina -
THEOBROMA Theobroma Cacao Fruit, Nearly Ripe
Copyright 2011, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020. Laurence C. Hatch. All Rights Reserved. Please link to this page via www.cultivar.org TALIPARITI TILACEUM = HIBISCUS TILIACEUS THEOBROMA Theobroma cacao fruit, nearly ripe. This is in your editor's humble opinion one of the four major food groups: 1) grease, 2) salt, 3) alcohol, and 4) chocolate. The ghostly background was an accidental creation of Spanish-moss, aka Tillandsia usneoides. The major cultivars which do differ in fruit size and color (thus their ornamental traits too) are: 'Amelonado' - selected variant of 'Forastero' type, mild, variable in quality but yields often high. 'Criollo' - fruit longer, more pointed, deeply ridged, thin-walled, red to yellow when mature, seeds white or paler shades. By some this is considered to have best, most refined, non-astringent flavor but quality varies as this cultivar is notoriously sensitive to climate and weather as well as disease. Therefore as little as 5-10% of world production comes from this cultivar. High end or elitre chocolatiers generally prefer this material. 'Forastero' - fruit wider than 'Criollo', melon-shaped or rounder, melon-shaped, smoother exterior with shallow ridges, usually yellow at maturity, seeds purplish. Flavor generally considered slightly inferior to 'Criollo' but flavor is very consistent under different climate and weather conditions. The majority of world cacao comes from this variety but modern genetic research shows there is considerable variation in all these cultivars. 'Nacional' - a 'Criollo' variation frolm Eduador, strong but creamy in texture, fairly sweet and not as bitter. 'Trinitario' ('Criollo' x 'Forastero') - fruit narrow, dark shades, aromatic, robust in flavors (oak, balsamic, honey), less yield than 'Forastero'. -
Natural Colours of Australia
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 2017+ University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2017 Natural colours of Australia Rudi Hendra University of Wollongong Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses1 University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong. Recommended Citation Hendra, Rudi, Natural colours of Australia, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, 2017. https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses1/23 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong.