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Tibouchina Lepidota SCORE: 5.0 RATING: Evaluate (Bonpl.) Baill

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TAXON: Tibouchina lepidota SCORE: 5.0 RATING: Evaluate (Bonpl.) Baill. Taxon: Tibouchina lepidota (Bonpl.) Baill. Family: Melastomataceae Common Name(s): alstonville Synonym(s): Rhexia lepidota Bonpl. (basionym) Andean princess flower glory bush lasiandra Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 21 Apr 2021 WRA Score: 5.0 Designation: EVALUATE Rating: Evaluate Keywords: Tropical Tree, Shrub, Pioneer Species, Ornamental, Showy Flowers Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 ? outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 n 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n Creation Date: 21 Apr 2021 (Tibouchina lepidota Page 1 of 17 (Bonpl.) Baill. ) TAXON: Tibouchina lepidota SCORE: 5.0 RATING: Evaluate (Bonpl.) Baill. Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 y Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone 410 y=1, n=0 n conditions if not a volcanic island) 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n 412 Forms dense thickets 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs 504 y=1, n=0 n -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native 601 y=1, n=0 n habitat 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally 604 Self-compatible or apomictic 605 Requires specialist pollinators 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation 607 Minimum generative time (years) Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants 701 growing in heavily trafficked areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 y 705 Propagules water dispersed 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 n 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 n 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 802 yr) 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 y 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 y Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced 805 biocontrol agents) Creation Date: 21 Apr 2021 (Tibouchina lepidota Page 2 of 17 (Bonpl.) Baill. ) TAXON: Tibouchina lepidota SCORE: 5.0 RATING: Evaluate (Bonpl.) Baill. Supporting Data: Qsn # Question Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? n Source(s) Notes [No evidence] "With populations extending from the Andes of Todzia, C. A., & Almeda Jr, F. (1991). A revision of western Venezuela to central Peru, T. lepidota has the broadest Tibouchina section Lepidotae (Melastomataceae: distribution of any species in sect. Lepidotae: Its high chromosome Tibouchineae). Proceedings of the California Academy of number (n = ca. 62) indicates that it is derived, but the lack of Sciences., 47(6): 175-206 chromosome information for other members of the section creates difficulty in assessing its affinities." No evidence for wild type. Cultivars may have traits that reduce their WRA Specialist. (2021). Personal Communication ability to persist or spread outside cultivation 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? Source(s) Notes WRA Specialist. (2021). Personal Communication NA 103 Does the species have weedy races? Source(s) Notes WRA Specialist. (2021). Personal Communication NA Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" Source(s) Notes "Native USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Southern America Germplasm System. (2021). Germplasm Resources NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela [Mérida, Táchira] Information Network (GRIN-Taxonomy). National WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador [Azuay, Carchi, Chimborazo, Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Imbabura, Loja, Morona Santiago, Napo, Pichincha, Tungurahua, https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/. [Accessed 20 Apr 2021] Zamora Chinchipe], Peru [Amazonas, Huánuco, San Martín]" 202 Quality of climate match data High Source(s) Notes USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN-Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/. [Accessed 20 Apr 2021] Creation Date: 21 Apr 2021 (Tibouchina lepidota Page 3 of 17 (Bonpl.) Baill. ) TAXON: Tibouchina lepidota SCORE: 5.0 RATING: Evaluate (Bonpl.) Baill. Qsn # Question Answer 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y Source(s) Notes Todzia, C. A., & Almeda Jr, F. (1991). A revision of [Elevation range exceeds 1000 m in tropical latitudes, demonstrating Tibouchina section Lepidotae (Melastomataceae: environmental versatility] "From western Venezuela to central Peru Tibouchineae). Proceedings of the California Academy of (Fig. 10) in disturbed and undisturbed montane forest at 800-3,200 Sciences., 47(6): 175-206 m." Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y subtropical climates Source(s) Notes "Native: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant SOUTHERN AMERICA Germplasm System. (2021). Germplasm Resources Northern South America: Venezuela - Merida, Tachira Information Network (GRIN-Taxonomy). National Western South America: Ecuador - Azuay, Carchi, Chimborazo, Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Imbabura, Loja, Morona-Santiago, Napo, Pichincha, Tungurahua, https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/. [Accessed 20 Apr 2021] Zamora-Chinchipe; Peru - Amazonas, Huanuco, San Martin" Imada, C. (2019). Hawaiian Naturalized Vascular Plants Checklist (February 2019 update). Bishop Museum No evidence in the Hawaiian Islands Technical Report 69. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI Does the species have a history of repeated 205 ? introductions outside its natural range? Source(s) Notes Dave's Garden. (2021). Glory Bush - Pleroma lepidotum "This plant has been said to grow in the following regions: (Synonym: Tibouchina lepidota). Miami, Florida https://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/117874/. Earlysville, Virginia" [Accessed 20 Apr 2021] ['Alstonville' cultivated in Australia] "Tibouchina lepidota (previously called Lasiandra) begin show their big sumptuous purple flowers in April and these continue all through autumn and sometimes into early winter in Sydney. The most commonly seen cultivar is Tibouchina lepidota 'Alstonville', which throbs with opulent colour iGarden. (2021). Tibouchina lepidota. when back-lit by the autumnal sun. They open from attractive http://www.igarden.com.au. [Accessed 21 Aug 2014] reddish buds and have curled stamens like claws. These plants became popular about fifteen or twenty years ago and so there are many mature specimens to be seen around nowadays, decorating streetscapes and gardens: Sydney seems to have the perfect climate for them, as it does for many South American plants." Unclear. The cultivar 'Alstonville' was widely planted in Australia, but WRA Specialist. (2021). Personal Communication there is no evidence that the wild type has been commonly cultivated outside its native range. Creation Date: 21 Apr 2021 (Tibouchina lepidota Page 4 of 17 (Bonpl.) Baill. ) TAXON: Tibouchina lepidota SCORE: 5.0 RATING: Evaluate (Bonpl.) Baill. Qsn # Question Answer 301 Naturalized beyond native range n Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. (2017). A Global Compendium of Weeds. 3rd No evidence Edition. Perth, Western Australia. R.P. Randall Imada, C. (2019). Hawaiian Naturalized Vascular Plants Checklist (February 2019 update). Bishop Museum No evidence in the Hawaiian Islands Technical Report 69. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. (2017). A Global Compendium of Weeds. 3rd No evidence Edition. Perth, Western Australia. R.P. Randall 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. (2017). A Global Compendium of Weeds. 3rd No evidence Edition. Perth, Western Australia. R.P. Randall 304 Environmental weed n Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. (2017). A Global Compendium of Weeds. 3rd No evidence Edition. Perth, Western Australia. R.P. Randall 305 Congeneric weed
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    ‘‘ A Field Guide to the Early Detection of Invasive Plants and Animals on Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i Acknowledgements Early Detection Field Guide Development Tiffani Keanini Kaua‘i Invasive Species Committee Elizabeth Speith USGS NBII Pacific Basin Information Node Keren Gundersen Kaua‘i Invasive Species Committee Content & Review Forest & Kim Starr United States Geological Survey Hawai‘i Invasive Species Council Kaua‘i Invasive Species Committee Maui Invasive Species Committee USGS NBII Pacific Basin Information Node Illustrations Brooke Mahnken Maui Invasive Species Committee Special thanks to the Hawai‘i Invasive Species Council for providing the funds to print this field guide. April 2010 Table of Contents Quick Reference Guide ...................................................................A The Need for Your Eyes & Ears .....................................................1 How to Use this Field Guide .............................................................2 What are we protecting? .................................................................3 What Makes a Species Invasive in Hawai‘i?. ..............................3 Plant Species. .................................................................................................4-31 Invertebrate Species ..................................................................32-35 Animal Species ..........................................................................36-41 Snakes and other animals.......................................................42-43 What You Can Do to Protect Kauai
  • Systematics and Relationships of Tryssophyton (Melastomataceae

    Systematics and Relationships of Tryssophyton (Melastomataceae

    A peer-reviewed open-access journal PhytoKeys 136: 1–21 (2019)Systematics and relationships of Tryssophyton (Melastomataceae) 1 doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.136.38558 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://phytokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Systematics and relationships of Tryssophyton (Melastomataceae), with a second species from the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana Kenneth J. Wurdack1, Fabián A. Michelangeli2 1 Department of Botany, MRC-166 National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA 2 The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10458, USA Corresponding author: Kenneth J. Wurdack ([email protected]) Academic editor: Ricardo Kriebel | Received 25 July 2019 | Accepted 30 October 2019 | Published 10 December 2019 Citation: Wurdack KJ, Michelangeli FA (2019) Systematics and relationships of Tryssophyton (Melastomataceae), with a second species from the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana. PhytoKeys 136: 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3897/ phytokeys.136.38558 Abstract The systematics of Tryssophyton, herbs endemic to the Pakaraima Mountains of western Guyana, is re- viewed and Tryssophyton quadrifolius K.Wurdack & Michelang., sp. nov. from the summit of Kamakusa Mountain is described as the second species in the genus. The new species is distinguished from its closest relative, Tryssophyton merumense, by striking vegetative differences, including number of leaves per stem and leaf architecture. A phylogenetic analysis of sequence data from three plastid loci and Melastomata- ceae-wide taxon sampling is presented. The two species of Tryssophyton are recovered as monophyletic and associated with mostly Old World tribe Sonerileae. Fruit, seed and leaf morphology are described for the first time, biogeography is discussed and both species are illustrated.