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Modélisation De L'impact Du Trafic Routier Sur La Pollution De L'air Et Des
Mod´elisationde l'impact du trafic routier sur la pollution de l'air et des eaux de ruissellement Masoud Fallah Shorshani To cite this version: Masoud Fallah Shorshani. Mod´elisationde l'impact du trafic routier sur la pollution de l'air et des eaux de ruissellement. Sciences de l'environnement. Universit´eParis-Est, 2014. Fran¸cais. <NNT : 2014PEST1068>. <tel-01127301> HAL Id: tel-01127301 https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01127301 Submitted on 7 Mar 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destin´eeau d´ep^otet `ala diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publi´esou non, lished or not. The documents may come from ´emanant des ´etablissements d'enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche fran¸caisou ´etrangers,des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou priv´es. Thèse de doctorat de l’Université Paris-Est Présentée par Masoud Fallah Shorshani pour l’obtention du diplôme de docteur de l’Université Paris-Est Spécialité : SIE – Sciences, Ingénierie et Environnement Modélisation de l’impact du trafic routier sur la pollution de l’air et des eaux de ruissellement Soutenue le 4 juillet 2014 Jury composé de Ludovic Leclercq, IFSTTAR Président du jury & examinateur Isabelle Braud, IRSTEA Rapporteur Lionel Soulhac, École Centrale de Lyon Rapporteur Frédéric Mahé, AIRPARIF Examinateur Guido Petrucci, Vrije Universiteit Brussel Examinateur Céline Bonhomme, LEESU Co-encadrante Michel André, IFSTTAR Co-directeur de thèse Christian Seigneur, CEREA Directeur de thèse Abstract: Road traffic emissions are a major source of pollution in cities. -
Technical Assistance for Improving Emissions Control the Role Of
This Project is Co-Financed by the European Union and the Republic of Turkey This Project is c This project is co-financed by the European Union and the Republic of Turkey Technical Assistance for Improving Emissions Control Service Contract No: TR0802.03-02/001 Identification No: EuropeAid/128897/D/SER/TR The Role of Emissions Dispersion Modelling in Cost Benefit Analysis Applied to Urban Air Quality Management: Part 1-the Approach (Version 2: 18 May 2012) This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of the Consortium led by PM Group and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. Contracting Authority: Central Finance and Contracting Unit, Turkey Implementing Authority / Beneficiary: Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation Project Title: Improving Emissions Control Service Contract Number: TR0802.03-02/001 Identification Number: EuropeAid/128897/D/SER/TR PM Project Number: 300424 This project is co-financed by the European Union and the Republic of Turkey The Role of Emissions Dispersion Modelling in Cost Benefit Analysis Applied to Urban Air Quality Management: Part 1 – the Approach Version 2: 18 May 2012 PM File Number: 300424-06-RP-200 PM Document Number: 300424-06-205(2) CURRENT ISSUE Issue No.: 2 Date: 18/05/2012 Reason for Issue: Final Version for Client Approval Customer Approval Sign-Off Originator Reviewer Approver (if required) Scott Hamilton, Peter Print Name Russell Frost Jim McNelis Faircloth, Chris Dore Signature Date PREVIOUS ISSUES (Type Names) Issue No. Date Originator Reviewer Approver Customer Reason for Issue 1 14/03/2012 Scott Hamilton, Peter Russell Frost Jim McNelis For client review / comment Faircloth, Chris Dore CFCU / MoEU 300424-06-RP-205 (2) TA for Improving Emissions Control 18 May 2012 CONTENTS GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS ...................................................................................... -
Feasibility Study: Modelling Environmental Concentrations of Chemicals from Emission Data
EEA Technical report No 8/2007 Feasibility study: modelling environmental concentrations of chemicals from emission data ISSN 1725-2237 EEA Technical report No 8/2007 Feasibility study: modelling environmental concentrations of chemicals from emission data Cover design: EEA Layout: Diadeis and EEA Legal notice The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the official opinions of the European Commission or other institutions of the European Communities. Neither the European Environment Agency nor any person or company acting on behalf of the Agency is responsible for the use that may be made of the information contained in this report. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage retrieval system, without the permission in writing from the copyright holder. For translation or reproduction rights please contact EEA (address information below). Information about the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (www.europa.eu). Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2007 ISBN 978-92-9167-925-6 ISSN 1725-2237 © EEA, Copenhagen, 2007 European Environment Agency Kongens Nytorv 6 1050 Copenhagen K Denmark Tel.: +45 33 36 71 00 Fax: +45 33 36 71 99 Web: eea.europa.eu Enquiries: eea.europa.eu/enquiries Contents Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... -
MARK R THEOBALD.Pdf
TESIS DOCTORAL / Ph.D THESIS An Intercomparison of Modelling Approaches for Simulating the Atmospheric Dispersion of Ammonia Emitted by Agricultural Sources Mark R. Theobald Madrid 2012 E.T.S.I. Agrónomos Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Departamento de Química y Análisis Agrícola Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos An Intercomparison of Modelling Approaches for Simulating the Atmospheric Dispersion of Ammonia Emitted by Agricultural Sources Autor: Mark R. Theobald Licenciado en Ciencias Físicas (MPhys hons) Directores: Dr. Antonio Vallejo Garcia Doctor en Ciencias Químicas Dr. Mark A. Sutton Doctor en Ciencias Físicas Madrid 2012 Acknowledgements ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was funded by the European Commission through the NitroEurope Integrated Project (Contract No. 017841 of the EU Sixth Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development). The European Science Foundation also provided additional funding through COST Action 729 for the attendance of conferences and workshops and for the collaboration with the University of Lisbon (COST-STSM-729-5799). Firstly I would like to thank my two supervisors Dr. Mark A. Sutton and Prof. Antonio Vallejo for their support and guidance throughout this work. I am grateful to Mark not only for his willingness to discuss and direct this work no matter where he was in the world or whatever time of day it was, but also for the support and encouragement I received when I was at CEH Edinburgh. I am also grateful to Antonio for guiding me through the labyrinths of University bureaucracy. I would also like to thank the other research groups with whom I have collaborated throughout this work. Thanks to all my colleagues at CEH Edinburgh with a special mention to Bill Bealey for his help developing the SCAIL model and to Sim Tang for providing the ALPHA samplers and technical support. -
Dispersion V3.23
Volume 2 Airviro User’s Reference Working with the Dispersion Module How to simulate the dispersion of pollutants Working with the Dispersion Module How to simulate the dispersion of pollutants Amendments Version Date changed Cause of change Signature 3.11 Ago2007 Upgrade GS 3.12 January2009 Upgrade GS 3.13 January2009 Upgrade GS 3.20 May 2010 Upgrade GS 3.21 Dec 2010 Upgrade GS 3.21 June 2012 Review GS 3.22 April 2013 Release GS 3.23 Jan 2014 Upgrade GS 3.23 January 2014 Review GS 3.23 June 2015 Review GS Contents 2.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................7 2.1.1 Why You Need to Use Dispersion Models.........................................................7 2.1.1.1 What’s the Use of Dispersion Simulations.....................................................7 2.1.1.2 How Can Airviro Help?......................................................................................7 2.1.2 Model Assumptions..............................................................................................8 2.1.3 Brief description of the available models..........................................................9 2.1.4 How does Dispersion Module client work?.....................................................18 2.1.5 Guidance for the beginner:................................................................................18 2.1.6 Overview of the Dispersion Module Main Window.........................................19 2.1.6.1 Changing Weather Conditions – Model settings.........................................19 -
Meteorology Applied to Urban Air Pollution Problems
COST { the acronym for European COoperation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research { is the oldest and widest European intergovernmental net- work for cooperation in research. Established by the Ministerial Conference in November 1971, COST is presently used by the scientific communities of 35 European countries to cooperate in common research projects supported by national funds. The funds provided by COST { less than 1% of the total value of the projects { support the COST cooperation networks (COST Actions) through which, with only around 20 million per year, more than 30.000 Eu- ropean scientists are involved in research having a total value which exceeds 2 billion per year. This is the financial worth of the European added value which COST achieves. A \bottom up approach" (the initiative of launching a COST Action comes from the European scientists themselves), “`a la carte participa- tion" (only countries interested in the Action participate), \equality of access" (participation is open also to the scientific communities of countries not be- longing to the European Union) and “flexible structure" (easy implementation and light management of the research initiatives) are the main characteristics of COST. As precursor of advanced multidisciplinary research COST has a very important role for the realisation of the European Research Area (ERA) anticipating and complementing the activities of the Framework Programmes, constituting a \bridge" towards the scientific communities of emerging coun- tries, increasing the mobility of researchers across Europe and fostering the establishment of \Networks of Excellence" in many key scientific domains such as: Physics, Chemistry, Telecommunications and Information Science, Nan- otechnologies, Meteorology, Environment, Medicine and Health, Forests, Agri- culture and Social Sciences. -
Modelling of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2); to Encourage ‘Good Practise’ with the Use of Models for Air Quality Assessment and Planning Applications
Guide on modelling Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) for air quality assessment and planning relevant to the European Air Quality Directive FAIRMODE Forum for air quality modelling in Europe Result of activities in the FAIRMODE Working Group 1 Version 4.6 ETC/ACM Technical Paper 2011/15 December 2011 Bruce Rolstad Denby The European Topic Centre on Air Pollution and Climate Change Mitigation (ETC/ACM) is a consortium of European institutes under contract of the European Environment Agency RIVM UBA‐V ÖKO AEAT EMISIA CHMI NILU INERIS PBL CSIC 1 Modelling NO2 for AQ assessment and planning relevant to the EU AQD ETC/ACM Technical Paper 2011/15 Front page picture: FAIRMODE logo, Bruce Rolstad Denby Editor affiliation: Bruce Rolstad Denby: Norwegian Institute of Air Research (NILU), Kjeller, Norway DISCLAIMER This ETC/ACM Technical Paper has not been subjected to European Environment Agency (EEA) member country review. It does not represent the formal views of the EEA. © ETC/ACM, 2011. ETC/ACM Technical paper 2011/15 European Topic Centre on Air Pollution and Climate Change Mitigation PO Box 1 3720 BA Bilthoven The Netherlands Phone +31 30 2748562 Fax +31 30 2744433 Email [email protected] Website http://acm.eionet.europa.eu/ 2 Modelling NO2 for AQ assessment and planning relevant to the EU AQD ETC/ACM Technical Paper 2011/15 Preface to version 4.6 of this document This is the third draft of the model application document for NO2 modelling in regard to the European Air Quality Directive (2008/50/EC). This document is complementary to the previously developed and published model application document ‘The application of models under the European Union's Air Quality Directive: A technical reference guide’ (EEA, 2011) in that it concentrates on the actual modelling methods and the scientific aspects of these, rather than on the interpretation and general use of models for AQ Directive applications. -
NERIS Workshop 2015
NERIS Workshop 2015 State-of-the-art and needs for further research for emergency and recovery preparedness and response 27-29 April 2015, Milan, Italy Hosted by the University of Milano PROCEEDINGS EDITORIAL In 2014, the NERIS Platform decided to organise yearly international workshops dedicated to topics relevant for the Platform. The first meeting was held in Milano, Italy on the 27-29 April 2015 and organised in cooperation with the University of Milano. The Workshop gathered 68 participants from Europe and Japan. 37 papers dedicated to the three research areas of the NERIS Strategic Research Agenda and the implementation of the Basic Safety Standards on emergency and recovery issues were presented. The Workshop was an opportunity to discuss and exchange with NERIS Members, International organisations, and European and Japanese Research communities on research priorities in the frame of nuclear and radiological emergency preparedness and recovery. It was an event rich in discussion and debate on the current results of the research and identification of evolving topics. Session 1 on modelling highlighted the need for improvements in atmospheric dispersion models notably to better address multi-scale modelling, urban dispersion and confined spaces, and source term assessment. Related to the aquatic modelling the necessity was identified to provide better models for decision-makers, as measurements are generally not sufficient in the emergency phase to characterise the situation. For the marine environment, although models are already available, there is a need for developing more accurate costal dispersion model as well as improving the modelling for radionuclide transfer to sediments and biota. For freshwater, models already exist but may need better adaptation tools to customise them for specific environments, e.g. -
Meteorology and Atmospheric Dispersion
3.3 Meteorology and atmospheric dispersion A system integrated comprehensive atmospheric dispersion module has been built from models suitable for fast real-time atmospheric dispersion calculations as suggested by [1], cf. Table 1. TABLE 1: THE MET-RODOS MODULE: Associated models and data Near-range flow and dispersion models, including pre-processors: · Meteorological pre-processor (PAD) · Mass Consistent Flow model (MCF) · Linearized flow model (LINCOM) · Puff model with gamma dose (RIMPUFF) · Near-range elongated puff model (ATSTEP) Complex terrain models (stand alone system): · Prognostic flow model (ADREA) and Lagrangian dispersion model (DIPCOT) Mesoscale and Long-range Models: · Hybrid Lagrangian-Eulerian model (MATCH) On-line Weather Forecast data: · Numerical Weather Prediction data (DMI-HIRLAM and SPA -TYPHOON) The module is called MET-RODOS and it consists of models and pre-processors contributed to by Work Group 2 (Atmospheric Dispersion) partners. 3.3.1 The MET-RODOS module A schematic overview of the system integrated MET-RODOS atmospheric dispersion module [2] is presented in Figure 1. Details about the systems „functionality specification“ is described in [3] whereas the systems User’s manual [4] holds references to the systems User’s guides, input/output specifications and test runs. The MET-RODOS dispersion module contains three distinguishable sub-systems: • The Local-Scale Pre-processor LSP, • The Local-Scale Model Chain LSMC, and • The long-range Model Chain LRMC 57 On-site Off-site N So dar ’ s Met- +4 Hr Towers W -
Performance Evaluation of CALPUFF and AERMOD Dispersion Models for Air Quality Assessment of an Industrial Complex
Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research Vol. 74, May 2015, pp. 302-307 Performance evaluation of CALPUFF and AERMOD dispersion models for air quality assessment of an industrial complex S Gulia1, A Kumar2 and M Khare3* 1,2 & *3Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India Received 18 December 2013; revised 7 October 2014; accepted 23 April 2015 Air quality model (AQM) is an essential tool for management of air quality in near field region of an industrial complex. Model validation study using site specific input data can boost the consistency on accuracy of model’s performance for air quality management. This study describes the validation of CALPUFF and AERMOD for assessment of NOx concentrations in near field region of a steel industry in Bellary district of Karnataka state in India. Relative model performances are evaluated by comparing monitored and predicted pollutants using well referred statistical descriptors. Further, the performance of CALPUFF has evaluated with different dispersion options (i.e., PGT-ISC dispersion curve and similarity theory) and vertical layers option (i.e., two and ten vertical layers) in CALMET, meteorological pre-processor of CALUFF. Both models performed satisfactorily for predicting NOx concentrations. Further, CALPUFF with different dispersion options performed more satisfactorily than AERMOD. CALPUFF with PGT- ISC dispersion curve option performed more satisfactorily than similarity theory based dispersion option for the selected pollutant. In addition to this, CALPUFF with two vertical layers option performed better than ten vertical layers option. The satisfactory performance of CALPUFF over AERMOD might be due to its predicting capability in calm condition, in which all plume dispersion models failed. -
Table of Session Oral and Poster Presentation (Red Written Papers Are Not Available)
Table of Session Oral and Poster presentation (red written papers are not available) Session 1 Model Evaluation Session 2 : Air Quality Management ; the EU air quality directive Session 3 Urban Air Quality Modelling Session 4 Model Intercomparison Session 5 Street Canyon Models Session 6 Decision Support System Session 7 Meteorological Pre-Processing CORIA – UMR 6614. CNRS – UNIVERSITE & INSA DE ROUEN – France. Tel: 33 (0)2 32 95 97 82 - Fax: 33 (0)2 32 95 97 80 - E-mail: [email protected] - Http://www.coria.fr Session 1 Model Evaluation CORIA – UMR 6614. CNRS – UNIVERSITE & INSA DE ROUEN – France. Tel: 33 (0)2 32 95 97 82 - Fax: 33 (0)2 32 95 97 80 - E-mail: [email protected] - Http://www.coria.fr Table of contents Session 1 Model Evaluation Oral Presentation. Paper 1 QUALITY ASSURANCE OF URBAN DISPERSION MODELS M. Schatzmann & B. Leitl,Germany Paper 8 INTERCOMPARISON OF THE LAGRANGIAN AND EULERIEAN MODEL PREDICTIONS AT LOCAL SCALE WITH MEASURED CONCENTRATIONS V.Sandu, Romania Paper 13 SIMULATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION IN URBAN STABLE BOUNDARY LAYER E. Ferrero, D. Anfonssi, G Tinarelli, Italy Paper 20 EVALUATION OF A NON-GAUSSIAN PUFF MODEL T. Tirabassi, C. Mangia and U. Rizza, Italy Paper 24 STUDY OF TURBULENCE AND POLLUTANT DISPERSION UNDER NEUTRALLY AND UNSTABLY STRATIFIED ATMOSHERE UNSING A SECOND- ORDER EULERIAN MODEL C.H. Liu and D. Y. C. Leung, China. Paper 31 A LAGRANGIAN-PUFF DISPERSION MODEL: EVALUATION AGAINST TRACER DATA C. Mangia, U. Rizza, Italy Paper 38 EFFECTS OF CONCENTRATION FLUCTUATIONS ON STATISTICAL EVALUATIONS OF CENTERLINE CONCENTRATION ESTIMATES BY ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION MODELS J. -
Review of Air Quality Modelling in Defra
Environmental Research Group School of Biomedical and Health Sciences REVIEW OF AIR QUALITY MODELLING IN DEFRA A report by the Air Quality Modelling Review Steering Group Professor Martin Williams (King’s College, London, Chair) Roger Barrowcliffe (RWDI) Professor Duncan Laxen (Air Quality Consultants Ltd) Professor Paul Monks (University of Leicester) Preparedfor Defra, 7 April 2011 Executive Summary This report of the Air Quality Modelling Steering Group provides an assessment of the current use of air quality models by Defra in informing and evaluating policy, and in discharging obligations under various EU Directives. The report identifies specific policy needs for the use of models and evaluates each model in turn in terms of the scientific content and credibility of the models, their ease of use and transparency and their fitness for purpose in delivering Defra’s needs. The assessment has been informed by the extensive analysis of the first phase of a model intercomparison exercise. Recommendations have been made in terms of a longer-term strategic direction for air quality model use in Defra, and for short- and medium-term actions for moving to this longer-term goal. Specific recommendations for the use by Defra of each model have also been made. © Crown Copyright 2011 This publication may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium, provided that it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright with the title and source of the publication specified. Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 5 2. Policy needs for air quality models ......................................................................................... 8 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................