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The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study
The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 The Silk Roads An ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 International Council of Monuments and Sites 11 rue du Séminaire de Conflans 94220 Charenton-le-Pont FRANCE ISBN 978-2-918086-12-3 © ICOMOS All rights reserved Contents STATES PARTIES COVERED BY THIS STUDY ......................................................................... X ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... XI 1 CONTEXT FOR THIS THEMATIC STUDY ........................................................................ 1 1.1 The purpose of the study ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background to this study ......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Global Strategy ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.2 Cultural routes ................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.3 Serial transnational World Heritage nominations of the Silk Roads .................................................. 3 1.2.4 Ittingen expert meeting 2010 ........................................................................................................... 3 2 THE SILK ROADS: BACKGROUND, DEFINITIONS -
Constructive Friction Or Petty Turf Wars? Organisational Resistance to the Integration of Defence, Diplomacy and Development
European Security and Defence Forum Workshop 2: New Transnational Security Challenges and Responses Constructive Friction or Petty Turf Wars? Organisational Resistance to the Integration of Defence, Diplomacy and Development Andrea Baumann D.Phil candidate, University of Oxford 11 November 2009 This paper was presented at the European Security and Defence Forum (ESDF) organized by Chatham House. Chatham House is not responsible for the content of this paper. The views expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of Chatham House, its staff, associates or Council. Chatham House is independent and owes no allegiance to any government or to any political body. It does not take institutional positions on policy issues. This document is issued on the understanding that if any extract is used, the author(s)/ speaker(s) and Chatham House should be credited, preferably with the date of the publication or details of the event. Where this document refers to or reports statements made by speakers at an event every effort has been made to provide a fair representation of their views and opinions, but the ultimate responsibility for accuracy lies with this document’s author(s). The published text of speeches and presentations may differ from delivery. ESDF Workshop 2: Constructive Friction or Petty Turf Wars? INTRODUCTION The risk of state failure and the multiple sources of instability associated with it – the availability of ‘ungoverned space’ for criminal and terrorist elements, generations of unemployed and uneducated youth, low economic growth as well as wider regional repercussions – have come to be perceived as major security challenges in the twenty-first century. -
Pakistan in the Danger Zone a Tenuous U.S
Pakistan in the Danger Zone A Tenuous U.S. – Pakistan Relationship Shuja Nawaz The Atlantic Council promotes constructive U.S. leadership and engagement in international affairs based on the central role of the Atlantic community in meeting the international challenges of the 21st century. The Council embodies a non-partisan network of leaders who aim to bring ideas to power and to give power to ideas by: 7 stimulating dialogue and discussion about critical international issues with a view to enriching public debate and promoting consensus on appropriate responses in the Administration, the Congress, the corporate and nonprofit sectors, and the media in the United States and among leaders in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas; 7 conducting educational and exchange programs for successor generations of U.S. leaders so that they will come to value U.S. international engagement and have the knowledge and understanding necessary to develop effective policies. Through its diverse networks, the Council builds broad constituencies to support constructive U.S. leadership and policies. Its program offices publish informational analyses, convene conferences among current and/or future leaders, and contribute to the public debate in order to integrate the views of knowledgeable individuals from a wide variety of backgrounds, interests, and experiences. The South Asia Center is the Atlantic Council’s focal point for work on Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Bhutan as well as on relations between these countries and China, Central Asia, Iran, the Arab world, Europe and the U.S. As part of the Council’s Asia program, the Center seeks to foster partnerships with key institutions in the region to establish itself as a forum for dialogue between decision makers in South Asia, the U.S. -
Should We Call It the “Silk Road”?
NEW YORK STATE SOCIAL STUDIES RESOURCE TOOLKIT 9th Grade Silk Road Inquiry Should We Call It the “Silk Road”? Public domain. NASA VisiblE EartH via WikimEdia Commons. https://commons.wikimEdia.org/wiki/FilE:Silk_routE.jpg Supporting Questions 1. What was tHE “Silk Road”? 2. Why was silk so important? 3. What, bEsidEs silk and otHEr goods, was sHarEd on tHE Silk Road? 4. What else could this trade network be called? THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION- NONCOMMERCIAL- SHAREALIKE 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE. 1 NEW YORK STATE SOCIAL STUDIES RESOURCE TOOLKIT 9th Grade Silk Road Inquiry Should We Call It the “Silk Road”? New York State 9.4 RISE OF TRANSREGIONAL TRADE NETWORKS: During tHE classical and postclassical Eras, transrEgional Social Studies tradE nEtworks EmErgEd and/or ExpandEd. THEsE nEtworks of ExcHangE influEncEd thE Economic and Framework Key political devElopmEnt of statEs and EmpirEs. Idea & PraCtiCes Gathering, Using, and Interpreting Evidence Comparison and Contextualization Staging the Brainstorm tHE mEaning of Ferdinand von RicHtHofen’s label of tHe Eurasian trade networks as tHe “Silk Question Road,” paying attEntion to tHE individual implications of both tErms (i.e., “Silk” and “Road”). Supporting Question 1 Supporting Question 2 Supporting Question 3 Supporting Question 4 What was tHE “Silk Road”? Why was silk so important? What, bEsidEs silk and What elsE could tHis tradE otHEr goods, was sharEd on network be callEd? thE Silk Road? Formative Formative Formative Formative PerformanCe Task PerformanCe Task PerformanCe Task PerformanCe Task CrEatE a map that WritE a paragrapH on tHe CrEatE a T-chart tHat lists Propose a different name illustratEs excHanged silk markEt’s impact on cultural and tEchnological for thE Silk Road and cite commoditiEs and tHeir ChinesE and WEstErn knowlEdge sHarEd along reasons for your movEment along tHE tradE sociEtiEs. -
Acquisitions List September 2009
ACQUISITIONS LIST (NEW BOOKS AND JOURNAL ARTICLES) SEPTEMBER 2009 – SEPTEMBRE 2009 LISTE D’ACQUISITIONS (NOUVEAUX LIVRES ET ARTICLES DE REVUES) · To contact us : · NATO Library Public Diplomacy Division Room Nb123 1110 Brussels Belgium Tel. : 32.2.707.44.14 Fax : 32.2.707.42.49 E-mail : [email protected] · Intranet : http://hqweb.hq.nato.int/oip/library/ · Internet : http://www.nato.int/library · How to borrow items from the list below : As a member of the NATO HQ staff you can borrow books (Type: M) for one month, journals (Type: ART) and reference works (Type: REF) for one week. Individuals not belonging to NATO staff can borrow books through their local library via the interlibrary loan system. · How to obtain the Library publications : All Library publications are available both on the NATO Intranet and Internet websites. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- · Pour nous contacter : · Bibliothèque de l'OTAN Division de la Diplomatie Publique Bureau Nb123 1110 Bruxelles Belgique Tél. : 32.2.707.44.14 Télécopieur : 32.2.707.42.49 E-mail : [email protected] · Intranet : http://hqweb.hq.nato.int/oip/library/ · Internet : http://www.nato.int/library · Comment emprunter les documents cités ci-dessous : En tant que membre du personnel de l'OTAN vous pouvez emprunter les livres (Type: M) pour un mois, les revues (Type: ART) et les ouvrages de référence (Type: REF) pour une semaine. Les personnes n'appartenant pas au personnel d l'OTAN peuvent s'adresser à leur bibliothèque locale et emprunter les livres via le système de prêt interbibliothèques. · Comment obtenir les publications de la Bibliothèque : Toutes les publications de la Bibliothèque sont disponibles sur les sites Intranet et Internet de l’OTAN. -
Herod I, Flavius Josephus, and Roman Bathing
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of the Liberal Arts HEROD I, FLAVIUS JOSEPHUS, AND ROMAN BATHING: HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY IN DIALOG A Thesis in History by Jeffrey T. Herrick 2009 Jeffrey T. Herrick Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts August 2009 The thesis of Jeffrey T. Herrick was reviewed and approved* by the following: Garrett G. Fagan Associate Professor of Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies and History Thesis Advisor Paul B. Harvey Associate Professor of Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies, History, and Religious Studies, Head of Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies Ann E. Killebrew Associate Professor of Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies, Jewish Studies, and Anthropology Carol Reardon Director of Graduate Studies in History; Professor of Military History *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT In this thesis, I examine the historical and archaeological evidence for the baths built in late 1st century B.C.E by King Herod I of Judaea (commonly called ―the Great‖). In the modern period, many and diverse explanations of Herod‘s actions have been put forward, but previous approaches have often been hamstrung by inadequate and disproportionate use of either form of evidence. My analysis incorporates both forms while still keeping important criticisms of both in mind. Both forms of evidence, archaeological and historical, have biases, and it is important to consider their nuances and limitations as well as the information they offer. In the first chapter, I describe the most important previous approaches to the person of Herod and evaluate both the theoretical paradigms as well as the methodologies which governed them. -
The Pugwash Newsletter and the Change
NEWSLETTER issued by the Council of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs Nobel Peace Prize 1995 Pugwash 50th Anniversary, Thinker’s Lodge, Pugwash, Nova Scotia, July 2007 Volume 44 ½ Number 1 ½ July 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS TO THE PUGWASH COMMUNITY : . 1 SPECIAL SECTION Pugwash Meeting no. 326 “Revitalizing Nuclear Disarmament,” The 50th Anniversary of the Pugwash Conferences Co-sponsored by the Pugwash Conferences and the Middle Powers Initiative, Pugwash, Nova Scotia, Canada, 5 –7 July 2007 Communique from the Pugwash 50th Anniversary Workshop . 3 Greetings from Prime Minister Stephen Harper and Nova Scotia Premier Rodney MacDonald . 5 Program for the Pugwash 50th Anniversary Events . 7 Welcoming Remarks: Paolo Cotta-Ramusino, Douglas Roche, Raymond Szabo . 8 Workshop Report . 12 Speech by Hiroshima Mayor Tadatoshi Akiba . 18 Participant List . 23 Media Coverage, International Herald Tribune . 24 REPORTS ON RECENT PUGWASH WORKSHOPS Pugwash meeting no. 324 . 25 26th Workshop of the Pugwash Study Group on the Implementation of the Chemical and Biological Weapons Conventions: 10 Years of the OPCW: Taking Stock and Looking Forward Pu gwash Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 17-18 March 2007 Volume 44 ½ Number 1 Pugwash Meeting no. 325 . 35 July 2007 Pugwash Workshop on Iraq Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq, 11-13 May 2007 Editor: NATIONAL PUGWASH GROUPS: . 41 Jeffrey Boutwell Canadian Pugwash Celebrates the 50th Anniversary of Pugwash Research Assistant: INTERNATIONAL STUDENT/YOUNG PUGWASH: . 44 Erin Blankenship International Student Young Pugwash & M S Swaminathan Research Foundation Consultation on “Food Security: A Great Threat to Human Security” Design and Layout: Chennai, India, 31 January—1 February 2007 Anne Read OBITUARIES: . -
Should We Call It the “Silk Road”?
Silk Road Inquiry Should We Call It the “Silk Road”? Public domain. NASA Visible Earth via Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Silk_route.jpg Supporting Questions 1. What was the “Silk Road”? 2. Why was silk so important? 3. What, besides silk and other goods, was shared on the Silk Road? 4. What else could this trade network be called? 1 CITIES and TRADING on the Silk Roads Source B: American Museum of Natural History, exhibition description, “Traveling the Silk Road” Featured Source (excerpts), 2009 Xi’an A Cosmopolitan Capital The Silk Road begins in the massive Xi'an, capital of China's Tang Empire. It was the largest city in the world around 750 CE. This metropolis is home to nearly a million people, and another million live just outside the imposing walls. Imperial buildings, temples and markets line the streets, and the city buzzes with activity. Foreign merchants, ambassadors, scholars, and musicians flock to this urban center, stocking the markets with exotic goods and filling the streets with sights and sounds from distant lands. The Secret of Silk The secret of silk, carefully guarded for centuries, brought wealth and prestige to Chinese empires. Legend has it that almost 5,000 years ago, a Chinese empress named Xi Ling was drinking tea in her garden when a small cocoon dropped from the branches of a mulberry tree into her cup. As she fished it out, the cocoon unwound into a single shimmering silk strand. Mesmerized by the thread, the empress gathered more cocoons, plunged them in hot water, unraveled the strands and wove the world's first silk cloth. -
The Silk Road and Trans-Eurasian Exchange
The Road That Never Was: The Silk Road and Trans- Eurasian Exchange Khodadad Rezakhani he Silk Road, or Silk Route, is a name used today to refer to a supposed trade route of ancient Eurasia, its use bringing different images to mind. These are often of camel caravans on dusty roads, forbidding deserts, and exotic towns and “oases.” The con- cept as a whole tends to ignore realities such as geography and ecology, as well as political units, facts that become lost among the more potent romantic notions. While itineraries are presented at some length, actual places are forgotten, and it is supposed that a conventional “beginning” in China and a vague “destination” somewhere along the Mediterranean are enough. On the way, places such as Transoxiana, the Pamirs, Iran, and indeed the whole of the Near East are simply brushed aside and not much discussed. The Silk Road has then be- come a grand narrative that serves mostly to obscure important details and sometimes even more. As one modern historian similarly opposed to the idea of the Silk Road has suggested, “‘The Silk road’ now has become both band wagon and gravy train, with an endless stream of books, journals, conferences and international exhibitions devoted to it, reaching virtual mania proportions that is almost unstoppable.” 1 This is why I am suggesting not only that the concept of a continuous, purpose- driven road or even “routes” is counterproductive in the study of world history but also that it has no basis in historical reality or records. Doing away with the whole concept of the “Silk Road” of might do us, at least as historians, a world of good and actually let us study what in reality Studies was going on in the region. -
Basra: Strategic Dilemmas and Force Options
CASE STUDY NO. 8 COMPLEX OPERATIONS CASE STUDIES SERIES Basra: Strategic Dilemmas and Force Options John Hodgson The Pennsylvania State University KAREN GUTTIERI SERIES EDITOR Naval Postgraduate School COMPLEX OPERATIONS CASE STUDIES SERIES Complex operations encompass stability, security, transition and recon- struction, and counterinsurgency operations and operations consisting of irregular warfare (United States Public Law No 417, 2008). Stability opera- tions frameworks engage many disciplines to achieve their goals, including establishment of safe and secure environments, the rule of law, social well- being, stable governance, and sustainable economy. A comprehensive approach to complex operations involves many elements—governmental and nongovernmental, public and private—of the international community or a “whole of community” effort, as well as engagement by many different components of government agencies, or a “whole of government” approach. Taking note of these requirements, a number of studies called for incentives to grow the field of capable scholars and practitioners, and the development of resources for educators, students and practitioners. A 2008 United States Institute of Peace study titled “Sharing the Space” specifically noted the need for case studies and lessons. Gabriel Marcella and Stephen Fought argued for a case-based approach to teaching complex operations in the pages of Joint Forces Quarterly, noting “Case studies force students into the problem; they put a face on history and bring life to theory.” We developed -
JORDAN-ITINERARY-MAR-2020.Pdf
ESCORTED TOUR THE KINGDOM OF JORDAN W I T H NICOLA HOWARD & WARWICK BALL 13 – 23 MARCH 2020 The Treasury, Petra THE ULTIMATE TRAVEL COMPANY ESCORTED TOURS Escorted Tour The Kingdom of Jordan THE KINGDOM OF JORDAN WITH NICOLA HOWARD & WARWICK BALL 13 – 23 MARCH 2020 CONTACT Louisa Thompson – Escorted Tours Consultant DIRECT LINE 020 7386 4682 TELEPHONE 020 7386 4620 EMAIL [email protected] NICOLA HOWARD Nicola has a degree in History of Art and a background in fine art and photography. Having lived in Paris, Barcelona and Rome, she speaks fluent French, Spanish and Italian and has specialised in these countries, as well as in Turkey, North Africa and the Middle East. WARWICK BALL Warwick is a Near Eastern archaeologist and author who spent over twenty-five years carrying out excavations, architectural studies and monumental restoration throughout the Middle East and adjacent regions, having lived, worked and travelled in most countries between the Mediterranean and China. He excavated in Iran, Libya, Ethiopia, Afghanistan, Iraq and Jordan, where he worked on architectural conservation and restoration at Jerash. He is author of many books and articles on the history and archaeology of the region, including the award-winning Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire (2nd edition 2016). Contact Louisa Thompson – Escorted Tours Consultant Direct Line 020 7386 4682 Telephone 020 7386 4620 Email [email protected] 2 Escorted Tour The Kingdom of Jordan QUALITY OF SERVICE We like to think that our success has been built on a simple formula - to deliver a high standard of service before, during and after each holiday, a duty of care and commitment to you, and value for money. -
Section 15.1 Civilian Personnel
SECTION 15.1 CIVILIAN PERSONNEL Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................. 245 Civilian outreach event .......................................................................................... 245 Pre‑invasion planning and preparation ........................................................................ 246 ORHA ..................................................................................................................... 247 DFID humanitarian advisers .................................................................................. 249 The British Embassy Baghdad .............................................................................. 250 MOD civilian support to Op TELIC ......................................................................... 252 UK civilian presence during the Coalition Occupation of Iraq ...................................... 255 UK civilian deployments to ORHA ......................................................................... 255 The CPA and the return to a “war footing” ............................................................. 263 The impact of deteriorating security ....................................................................... 272 The British Offices in Baghdad and Basra ............................................................. 291 Preparations for the transfer of sovereignty ........................................................... 294 The post‑CPA UK civilian presence in Iraq