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The Tibeto-Burman Reproductive System

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The Tibeto-Burman Reproductive System The Tibeto-Burman Reproductive System The Tibeto-Burman Reproductive System: Toward an Etymological Thesaurus James A. Matiso Comments on Chinese comparanda by Zev J. Handel UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley • Los Angeles • London University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit http://www.ucpress.edu. University of California Publications in Linguistics, Volume 140 Editorial Board: Judith Aissen, Andrew Garrett, Larry M. Hyman, Marianne Mithun, Pamela Munro, Maria Polinsky University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 2008 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Matisoff, James A. The Tibeto-Burman reproductive system : toward an etymological thesaurus / by James A. Matisoff ; comments on Chinese comparanda by Zev J. Handel. p. cm. — (University of California publications in linguistics ; v. 140) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-520-09871-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Tibeto-Burman languages—History. 2. Tibeto-Burman languages—Etymology. 3. Reconstruction (Linguistics). 4. Comparative linguistics. I. Title. II. Series. PL3551.M37 2008 495'.4009—dc22 2008037215 Manufactured in the United States of America The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper). Grant Support This research has been supported in part by grants to the Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dic- tionary and Thesaurus project from * The National Science Foundation (NSF), Division of Behavioral & Cognitive Sci- ences, Grant Nos. BNS-86-17726, BNS-90-11918, DBS-92-09481, FD-95-11034, SBR-9808952, BCS-9904950, BCS-0345929, and BCS-0712570. * The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), Preservation and Access, Grant Nos. RT-20789-87, RT-21203-90, RT-21420-92, PA-22843-96, PA-23353- 99, PA-24168-02, PA-50709-04, and PM-50072-07. Table of Contents Acknowledgments xv Symbols and Abbreviations xvii Introduction xxi 1 The place of this volume in the STEDT project . xxi 2 Structure of the chapters and sections . xxiii 2.1 Semantic diagrams . xxiii 2.2 Reconstructed PTB etyma . xxvi 2.3 Subgroup names . xxvii 2.4 Language names . xxxi 2.5 Supporting forms in the individual languages . xxxii 2.6 Glosses of the supporting forms . xxxiii 2.7 Source abbreviations . xxxiii 2.8 Chinese comparanda . xxxiv 2.9 Notes . xxxiv 3 Theoretical issues . xxxiv 3.1 Regularity and variation . xxxv 3.2 Etymological accuracy and rectication of possible errors . xxxviii 3.3 Looking toward the future of ST/TB studies . xl I Egg 1 (1) *pʷu EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT . 1 (1a) *wu EGG / BIRD . 2 (1b) *pu EGG..................................... 6 Chinese comparandum ............................. 7 (1c) *pu BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT . 8 (2a) *d(w)əy EGG / TESTICLE . 10 Chinese comparandum ............................. 14 (2b) *dil ⪤ *dul EGG / TESTICLE . 15 Chinese comparanda .............................. 17 (3) *n/s-tow EGG . 19 (4) *dz(y)u EGG . 19 (5) *rum ⪤ *lum EGG . 20 Chinese comparandum ............................. 21 vii TABLE OF CONTENTS (6) *sir ⪤ *sit EGG . ............................... 22 (7) *s/r-go-ŋ EGG / TESTICLE . 22 (8) *s-ŋa EGG / HATCH . 24 (9) *t-lam EGG / TESTICLE . 25 (10) *krak ⪤ *kwak EGG / TESTICLE . 25 (11a) *gop ⪤ *kop HATCH / INCUBATE / COVER . 26 Chinese comparandum ............................. 28 (11b) *ʔup COVER / INCUBATE / HATCH . 28 (12) *pʷum EGG / SIT ON EGGS / HATCH / TESTICLE . 30 (13) *pay HATCH . 31 (14) *s-mu HATCH / BROOD ON EGGS . 32 (15) *glim ⪤ *glip BROOD / INCUBATE (eggs) . 33 (16) *puk ⪤ *buk HATCH / EGG . 33 (17) *du BROOD / INCUBATE (eggs) . 33 (18) *a HATCH / LAY EGG . 34 (19) *naŋ BROOD / INCUBATE (eggs) . 34 (20) *s-row EGG / NIT . 34 II Birth 37 (21) *braŋ BORN / BIRTH . 37 (22) *hu BORN / BIRTH / REAR . 38 Chinese comparandum ............................. 40 (23) *ʔ-bu ⪤ *pu BORN / BIRTH / BUD / BLOOM . 40 (24) *s-kya-y BORN / GIVE BIRTH . 42 (25) *b-na BEAR A CHILD / BORN . 44 (26) *mun GIVE BIRTH / CONCEIVE / CREATE . 44 (27) *pwa BORN / BIRTH . 45 (28) *g-sow REAR (child) / BEAR (child) . 45 (29) *naŋ GIVE BIRTH . 46 (30) *p/buk ⪤ *p/bik BORN / GIVE BIRTH . 47 (31) *wat GIVE BIRTH . 47 (32) *tok/ŋ GIVE BIRTH (of animals) . 48 (33) *ra GIVE BIRTH . 48 (34) *sut GIVE BIRTH . 48 (35) *kak ⪤ *gak LIFE / BORN . 49 (36) IA *ǰan GIVE BIRTH . 49 (37) *m/s-ŋa-y CHILD / BIRTH / SMALL . 49 Chinese comparandum ............................. 50 (38) *kruŋ LIVE / BORN / GREEN / SPROUT . 51 (39) *s-riŋ ⪤ *s-r(y)aŋ LIVE / ALIVE / GREEN / RAW / GIVE BIRTH . 52 Chinese comparandum ............................. 55 III Navel 57 (40) *m/s-la(ː)y ⪤ *s-tay NAVEL . 57 (40a) *m/s-la(ː)y NAVEL / CENTER / SELF . 58 viii TABLE OF CONTENTS (40b) *s-tay NAVEL / ABDOMEN / CENTER / SELF . 61 Chinese comparanda .............................. 64 (41) *kyak NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD / ROPE . 65 Chinese comparanda .............................. 68 (42) *du NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD . 69 Chinese comparandum ............................. 71 (43) *ni(n) NAVEL . 71 (44) *t/duŋ ⪤ *ts(y)uːŋ NAVEL / CENTER . 72 (44a) *t/duŋ NAVEL . 72 Chinese comparandum ............................. 73 (44b) *ts(y)uːŋ NAVEL / CENTER . 74 (45) *(t)sum NAVEL . 74 (46) *bryam ⪤ *brim NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD . 75 (47) *br(w)ak NAVEL . 75 (48) *koy NAVEL . 75 (49) *zo NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD . 76 (50) *bi STRING / STRAP / BELT . 76 (51) *rup ⪤ *rip CORD / STRING . 77 (52) *s-rwəy OICC / CORD / STRING / CANE / RATTAN . 77 IV Breast 81 (53) *s-nəw(-) BREAST / MILK / SUCK . 81 (53a) *s-nəw BREAST / MILK / SUCK . 82 Chinese comparandum ............................. 88 (53b) *s-nəwt/n BREAST / MILK / SUCK . 88 (53c) *s-nəwk/ŋ BREAST / MILK . 89 (54) *s-nye-n BREAST / MILK / SUCK . 90 (55) *m-dzup ⪤ *m-dzip SUCK / SUCKLE / MILK / KISS . 92 (55a) *m-dzup SUCK / SUCKLE / MILK / KISS . 93 Chinese comparandum ............................. 98 (55b) *m-dzip SUCK / KISS . 99 (56) *dz(y)əw MILK / BREAST . 102 (57) *pa BREAST / NIPPLE / MILK . 104 (58) *m-pup ⪤ *pip SUCK / KISS . 105 (58a) *m-pup KISS / SUCK . 106 (58b) *pip SUCK / SUCKLE . 107 (59) *m-boŋ BREAST / MILK . 108 (60) *mam BREAST . 108 (61) *s(y)ok BREAST / SUCK / DRINK . 109 Chinese comparanda .............................. 111 (62) *s-loŋ BREAST . 112 (63) *wa SUCKLE / MILK / BREAST . 112 (64) *kom BREAST / MILK . 113 (65) *b(y)at BREAST / CHEST . 114 ix TABLE OF CONTENTS (66) *tsyur ⪤ *tsyir MILK / SQUEEZE / WRING . 115 (67) *s-lu MILK . 115 (68) IA *du-t MILK / BREAST . 116 (69) *N/s-tuŋ DRINK / SUCKLE . 117 Chinese comparandum ............................. 121 (70) *pil MILK (v.) / SQUEEZE / PRESS OUT . 121 (71) *bruŋ SUCK . 121 (72) *m-ʔum ⪤ *mum KISS / HOLD IN THE MOUTH . ..
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