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L'andouille De Guemene : De La Matiere Premiere Au Produit Fini, Etude De Rendement Et Investigations Histologiques En Fonction De La Race De Porc

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L'andouille De Guemene : De La Matiere Premiere Au Produit Fini, Etude De Rendement Et Investigations Histologiques En Fonction De La Race De Porc ANNEE 2008 THESE : TOU 03 – 4002 L'ANDOUILLE DE GUEMENE : DE LA MATIERE PREMIERE AU PRODUIT FINI, ETUDE DE RENDEMENT ET INVESTIGATIONS HISTOLOGIQUES EN FONCTION DE LA RACE DE PORC _________________ THESE pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR VETERINAIRE DIPLOME D’ETAT présentée et soutenue publiquement en 2008 devant l’Université Paul-Sabatier de Toulouse par Charlotte, Elisabeth, Mélanie HORGUE-ALBERT Née le 14 septembre 1981 à Talence (Gironde) ___________ Directeur de thèse : Mme le Professeur Geneviève BENARD ___________ JURY PRESIDENT : M. Gérard CAMPISTRON Professeur à l’Université Paul-Sabatier de TOULOUSE ASSESSEUR : Mme Geneviève BENARD Professeur à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de TOULOUSE Melle Marie-Christine CADIERGUES Maître de Conférences à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de TOULOUSE Remerciements A notre jury de thèse, A Monsieur le Professeur Gérard CAMPISTRON, Professeur des universités Physiologie Qui nous a fait l'honneur d'accepter la présidence de notre jury de thèse, Hommages respectueux A Madame le Professeur Geneviève BENARD, Professeur de l'Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse Hygiène et Industrie des Denrées Alimentaires d'Origine Animale Qu'elle soit ici remerciée pour sa disponibilité, son aide et la confiance accordée pour la réalisation de ce travail, Très sincères remerciements A Mademoiselle le Docteur Marie-Christine CADIERGUES, Maître de conférence à l'Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse Dermatologie Qui nous fait l'honneur de participer à notre jury de thèse, Sincères remerciements La franchise ne consiste pas à dire tout ce que l'on pense, mais à penser tout ce que l'on dit. H. de Livry A ma Famille, A Papa et Maman, Pour votre éducation, votre équilibre et votre amour, pour n'avoir jamais douté de votre fille et surtout parce qu'il est difficile d'imaginer des parents plus exceptionnels que vous. A Tito et Pedro, mes Frères Pour ce lien qui nous unit, parce que je serai prête à donner n'importe quoi pour vous et que je sais que vous feriez de même en retour. A mes grands parents, pour tous ces étés de bonheur, pour avoir forgé le caractère d'une “mulasse” qui se sentira toujours autant basque que landaise, A mes Oncles et Tantes, en particulier Tatie Pat, tu es une tatie et une mère formidable, ne l'oublie jamais, A mes Cousins et Cousines, en particulier Ben, pour nos enguelades fratricides (et pour les concombres), Clément, pour ton zen, Mélo pour ces nuits musicales et parfumées... A Nanie et Cléo, mes petites belles soeurs, pour vos personnalités si attachantes et la joie d'être (bientôt) de la même famille, Merci mille fois A mon mari, mon Nico, mon Choupi, mon Amour, Parce que les mots ne peuvent transcrire ce qu'il y a dans les coeurs mais que chaque jour tu entends battre les nôtres ensemble... Je dis grand merci Saï A ma belle famille, Belle Maman Nathalie et Jolly Papa Paul, qui a dit de se méfier des beaux parents? l'Olive, pour m'avoir appris à assortir les éponges aux couleurs de la cuisine! Nanette, pour cette soirée mémorable aux fêtes de la Madeleine (dont on ne racontera pas tous les détails... vivement la prochaine!) J-C, pour ta gentillesse et ton calme, Marotte, pour entreprendre de refaire ma garde robe féminine (tu as de l'ambition!) Beu, pour ton aptitude à te moquer de tout Paolo, Raphaël et Lilian, pour avoir été pour la première fois une “tata”... Merci A tous ces “vieux” potes, A Marraine et Parrain, des personnes idéales dans leurs rôles, Ceux qui ont pu connaître la signification de ces titres ont beaucoup gagné, j'ai la chance de faire partie de ceux là. Pellois, Quignard, Vanzo, Pouzou, Capel, Paris, Constant, Provost, Cordonnier, Le Groumellec, Marcillac, Madillac, Mervoyer, Petit,... Qui répondent toujours présents depuis que j'ai commencé à leur casser les pieds (c'est à dire depuis ma naissance)... Aux Philippes, Pour toutes les glaces la laitière, pour les trous dans vos budgets au mois de juillet (c'est ça les stages, le stagiaire apprend beaucoup, les hôtes aussi)... mais surtout à notre amitié. Aux Troutrou, Pour l'expérience transmise pendant trois mois dans les Vosges, dans le froid et la tempête... mais toujours avec les vaches! A Tatie Dany, Parce que le lien de sang peu probable qu'il existe entre nous est largement compensé par le lien de tendresse, A mon coach, Jean-Mi Pour toutes ces années passées dans l'eau à nager derrière les chronos, pour m'avoir prouvé qu'on peut toujours aller plus loin (même si je n'exploserai jamais les 1'05'')... A Milili et Charlotte, pour le collège et le lycée, et surtout pour être toujours là... Aux nageurs et au club,en particulier Kiki, Bibi et Lolo, Pour les entraînements, les compet', les chants (et les extinctions de voix) et tout le reste... A tous ceux de Mon2, Nif, Mad, Guillaume, La ouache, Pierrick, Lolo, Akima, Jeff, Chris, Magali, Dan, Seb, Vince, Marie, Mathéo, Marina, Ded, Karine et Jérôme et aussi Sarah, Amaïa, Axel et Malick, pour tous ces étés à Saint Girons, toutes ces soirées au férias, pour cette amitié partagée sans sous-entendus, A Yannick, mon petit χονναρδ, Ramou, Yvan, Charly, Sylvain, Loute, Hugo, Nanou, Lulu, Leïla, les Rémi, Gaffiou, Gaspard... tous ces petits frères et petites soeurs de nombreux soirs... Merci A toutes ces fameuses cuisinières, A Audrey et Béné, demoiselles d'honneur dans tous les sens du terme, Pour nos caractères si différents et tous aussi insupportables, pour tous ces moments partagés, A Annelyse et Marionnette, Pour toutes les promenades en votre compagnie, pour votre franchise et le plaisir de vous connaître chaque fois un peu plus... A Cilou, ma codéléguette, Katia, Jonana, Nat, Béren, Nanaïg, Nomémie, Fred, Séverine et petite Nat, Pour cette faculté que nous avons de ne parler que de bouffe alors que nous sommes en train de déguster mille et un gâteaux délicieux, pourvu que ça dure! Merci Aux potos, A mon beau Alex, Parce que je serai là pour toi, toujours... même s'il faut te mettre des coups de pied αυ χυλ!!! A Estelle, Pour celle que j'ai connue et celle qui est revenue, pour la soirée aux 13 ricards et toutes les autres, celles à venir comprises... A Majida, Pour tous nos points communs, tous ces petits riens qui nous relient et qui font que tous les moments partagés le sont sur la même longueur d'onde, A Clémouille, Parce que nous ne sommes pas maniaques mais que les hommes sont désespérants... (je te soutiendrai toujours face à leurs incompétences!) A ton Lolo, pour les photos qui régalent les yeux, A Liveta Parce que « c'est catastrophe et porte quoi » d'être une fille comme toi, ne change pas A Ludo Pour cette semaine studieuse dont il ne faut parler, en particulier dans une thèse... A Julaï, Parce que nous sommes trop différentes pour ne pas nous entendre... Aux Ju's, Sampi, Psy et Passy, Pour tous ces week end passés, présents et à venir... qu'ils soient encore nombreux! A Gaby, Pour la gifle de notre rencontre et les strip-tease à 1 euros (... et encore), pour ce pays cher à ton coeur que tu nous feras découvrir un jour, A Romu, Pour être un peu comme moi, toujours optimiste pour les autres et pessimiste pour soi-même... la solution est simple : il ne nous reste plus qu'à être optimiste l'un pour l'autre! A Marco, Sans doute le garçon le plus gentil que je connaisse, comment fais-tu? A Pillot et Nico E. Pour m'avoir démontré qu'il faut se fier aux apparences mais qu'il faut surtout s'y habituer!!! Cela rend les gens si attachants (parfois)! A Marc de, On a toujours a gagner d'avoir un breton noble dans ces connaissances... ne serait-ce que pour les bons moments partagés. A Tristan et Caro, Pour avoir largement contribué à la conversion du Charlotte en Choupite, A Adrien, pour m'avoir laissé le temps de te connaître et de t'apprécier, et Marivan (courage!) A Bud, même si on ne pourra plus manger des nems ensemble, A Guipi et Romain, les premiers à m'avoir parlé pendant une intégration difficile, A Sucette et Chtitmod, pour vos beaux sourires, A Simon, Aurore, Guerric et Caro, Matt, Manue et Seb, Picauti et Julien, Canari, Pietrus et Myrtille, Milou et Xav, Gali et Hélène, P'tite Elo et Boris... Pour avoir tant refait le monde (dommage que le monde ait fait la sourde oreille)... Merci Merci aussi à Ibey, Sally, Cirrhose, Anita, Aube, Dixie, Ficelle, Ivoire, Sauge, Evans, Gatounette, Love-my, Gachou, Lola, et aujourd'hui encore Lili, Nawak, Isis, Mélissée, Uméa, Cyan, Omphalle, Trois-pattes, Ernestine, Bibine et Saphir, parce que la fidélité des bêtes vaut souvent bien mieux que l'amitié des hommes. A Mamie, Florent et Tatie Zaza, dans mon coeur, pour toujours. A tous ceux que mon chemin a croisé, croise et croisera, parce qu'il faut faire de chaque nouvel échange un atout pour demain. Table des matières Introduction........................................................................................................................................ 6 Première partie : l'andouille de Guéméné........................................................................................7 I. Définition et réglementation.........................................................................................................7 II. Un peu d'histoire....................................................................................................................... 10 II.1- L'histoire de l'Andouille....................................................................................................10 II.1.1- L'Andouille par le passé.......................................................................................... 10 II.1.2- Les origines bretonnes
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