BERLIN, 11Th OLYMPIC GAMES, 1936 283. Official

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

BERLIN, 11Th OLYMPIC GAMES, 1936 283. Official 276 277 278 279 280 281 272. Official Report in English Language. Published by the Organising Committee. 815pp. illus. in b&w and color, many color plates. Linen, orange and black embossed design, scuffed, contents EF. ($600) c273. Gold Winner’s Medal of the German Sport Championships in Nürnberg, 1934. Goldplated bronze, 9cm (3.5”). Large German eagle with swastika, views of marching athletes below. Rev. ”To the Winner” (transl.) below 6 city shields, encircled by 12 events as fencing, soccer, tennis, etc. The Games were first held in 1922 when Germany was not invited to the Antwerp 1920 Olympic Games. They were held the last time in 1934. Impressive design. EF, sm. spot. ($475) GARMISCH-PARTENKIRCHEN, 4th OLYMPIC WINTER GAMES, 1936 c274. Bronze Third Place Winner’s Medal Awarded to a Member of the American Ice Hockey Team. Bronze, 100mm, by Richard Klein. 283 284 Victory holding laurel wreath in triga to left, bobsled, ski, hockey stick, and skate below. Rev. Large Olympic rings in center surrounded by BERLIN, 11th OLYMPIC GAMES, 1936 “IV. Olympic Winter Games 1936” (translated from German). Name 283. Official Torch. Steel, 27cm high (10.5”), made by Krupp Factory, of American hockey player engraved on edge. Largest size Olympic designed by Carl Diem. Route of torch run from Olympia to Berlin winner’s medal. One of 36 medals awarded. Toned EF, lt. stain on rev. on shaft, legend on top. Carried during the first Olympic torch relay from Very rare. ($22,000) Olympia, Greece to Berlin, a distance of 3075 km in 12 days. EF, a few spots c275. Bronze Third Place Winner’s Medal Awarded for Curling Ladies on top and rubbing. Scarce. ($5,750) Single Event. Bronze, 57x87mm, by Poellath. Color enameled logo 284. Berlin 1936 Torch Made in 1972 for the Munich Olympic Games affi xed in laurel wreath, panel with 6-line German legend below. as Official Presentation Torch. Steel, 27.2cm (10.7”) tall, foot 6mm “Eiswettschiessen der/IV. Olympischen Winterspiele/1936 Garmisch- tall. Route of torch run from Olympia to Berlin on shaft, legend on Partenkirchen/Damen-Einzel Zielschiessen 3. Platz”. Curling was a top. Only a small number was made in 1972. EF. ($1,250) demonstration event in 1936. Only 13 medals were awarded in bronze. EF. c285. Cased Bronze Third Place Winner’s Medal. Bronze, 55mm, by Very rare. ($9,000) Cassioli. Victory seated above stadium. Rev. Winner carried by 276. Original Kalle Ozaphan 16mm Film Featuring the Olympic Bob jubilant teammates. Housed in brown presentation case, VF, medal Event with Interesting Incidents. In red case, 8cm (3.1”) diameter. toned EF. ($5,500) EF. ($150) c286. International Rowing Federation President’s Badge. Goldplated 277. Original Official Garmisch 1936 Winter Games Film. 12mm fi lm, bronze, 41x45mm, by Lauer. Olympic Rings over Brandenburg Gate, ca. 60 meter, housed in red Kalle Ozaphan case, 100mm (4”) diameter. “I.V.” on bar below. With dark brown ribbon inscribed in gold “Internt/ Film shows main parts of all events incl. Sonja Henie skating. EF, Verband”. 18 Presidents of International Federations are listed on page 31 of case lt. wear. ($150) the official report. EF. Unique. ($3,500) 278. (Brochure) General Rules and Regulations and Programs. 48pp. c287. Rowing Judge’s Badge. Silvered bronze, 41x45mm, by Lauer. Olympic illus., 12.5x18.5cm (4.9”x7.3”), in German. Includes all events, and rings over Brandenburg Gate. “RICHTER” (Judge) below. With dark maps of venues. Lt. marginal browning on cover, crease lower r. brown ribbon inscribed “Kanu-sport” in 2 lines. EF. ($1,500) corner, o.w. EF. ($175) c288. Field Hockey Judge’s Badge. Silvered, 41x45mm, by Lauer. 279. Identity Card for an Austrian Official. 4pp., 9x14cm (3.5”x5.5”). Numbered, with green ribbon (faded) inscribed “Hockey”. EF. With photo. EF. ($475) ($1,350) 280. Official Daily Program, February 14, 1936. 41pp. illus., c289. National Olympic Committee Badge. Silvered bronze, 41x45mm, 13.5x20.5cm (5.3”x8.1”), in German, English and French. Ice Hockey, by Lauer. Brandenburg Gate over Olympic rings, “N.O.K.” below. Figure Skating, Military Patrol, etc. Blue covers. EF. ($225) With short ribbon in Olympic colors and long blue ribbon inscribed 281. Traffic Regulations during the IVth Olympic Winter Games, “Nationales Komitee”. Badge for Secretary General and NOC Members February 1, 1936. 3 pages by Mercedes Typing Services, green only. EF. ($2,000) and gray, 21x29.6cm (8.3”x11.7”). Trace of mounting on back. VF. c290. Werner Klingeberg Miniature First Class Olympic Order. ($125) Goldplated, white enamel, 15x17mm. Attached to a bow ribbon with c282. (Book) Le Fort and Harster. Winter-Olympia 1936. München, buttonhole closure, on back, marked J. Godet & Sohn, Berlin. Werner 1936. 46pp., plus 64 photographic plates with 92 photos, 17.5x25cm Klingeberg was Head of the Sport Department, a.o. responsible for the Torch (6.9”x9.8”), text in German. Events and results of the Winter Games, Relay and production of badges. EF. ($750) venues, participating nations, partial rules of the games, story of the c291. Austrian Olympic Committee Badge (1936). Goldplated, red and winter games 1924 to 1936, etc. Stiff paper covers with color dust white enamel, 23x29mm. Color rings on Austrian fl ag, “ÖOC” on jacket, tears, contents EF. ($100) top. Ex Klingeberg. EF. Rare. ($650) 21 292 293 300 300 299 295 294 301 302 298 306 306 304 301. Reich Sport Leader von Tschammer Sport Merit Medal (1936). Bronze, 50mm, by O. Glöckler. Military bust half l. Rev. 8-line legend. Presented to German Olympic participants. EF, sm. spots obv. ($425) 302. Japanese Team Medal. Silver, 36mm. Athlete standing on globe holding fl ag, large Olympic rings in back. Rev. Berlin Olympic bell encircled by Japanese legend. With loop. Toned EF. Very rare. ($800) c303. The Ancient Olympic Games. Presentation Set of Six Bronze Reliefs by German Sport Leader von Tschammer to a British Host. Cast bronze, 14.4x16.5cm (5.7”x6.5”) each. The 6 reliefs are 305 connected, and housed in a book-like case. They illustrate the Six Days of Ancient Olympic Games, from Greek vases. 1st Day: Opening 292. Austrian Team 1936 Fundraising Pin. Bronze, 14x15mm. EF. ($100) of the Games; 2nd Day: Competitions of Young Boys; 3rd Day: 293. Japanese Team Pin. Silvered, white and red enamel, 22x19mm. Competitions of Men; 4th Day: Rest; 5th Day: Main Competitions; Japanese fl ag between “XI Olympic Games / Nippon Delegation”. 6th Day: Winners Ceremony and Banquet. Attractive and scarce EF. Rare. ($500) set (6 pcs.). EF. Plus letter on Reichsportführer letterhead to British 294. Polish Team Pin. White metal, 15x21mm. Olympic rings above host during Great Britain-Germany Swimming Competition, dated Polish eagle. Toned EF. ($150) August 17, 1937, and signed in ink. Letter taped on back, creased, 295. Swedish Team Pin for Garmisch and Berlin Games. Goldplated, fi ne. (Set and letter.) ($2,500) 23x22mm. Blue and yellow enameled fl ag, “1936” date on back. EF. 304. Mayor of Stuttgart Presentation Plaque to Indian Hockey Team, ($175) Gold Medal Winner in Berlin, 1936. Bronze, 51x70mm, by Mayer c296. Turkish Team Pin. Silvered, red and white enamel, and color rings, & Wilhelm. Horse above Schillerplatz. Rev. 12-line legend. Plaque was 20x25mm. 3-line legend. Buttonhole closure. EF. Rare. ($750) presented at a post-Olympics game on Sept. 13 1936. EF, in presentation c297. Yellow Badge of the German Youth Sports Camp During the First case (trace of removed tape on back). Very scarce. ($375) Week of the Olympic Games. Silvered center with yellow rosette, 305. Commemorative Olympic Stadium Meissen Porcelain Medal. Brown 37mm. Offi cial Guide p. 65. EF, with original envelope. ($300) ceramic, 11.5cm (4.5”), made in Meissen. Aerial view of Olympic 298. Official Badge with Orange Rosette. Silvered center with rosette, Stadium and Reichsportfeld. Rev. Large Olympic bell. EF. ($300) 35mm. VF-EF. ($250) 306. Commemorative Box Medal. Bronze, 58mm, by Merz. Olympic 299. Official Dark Blue Management Badge. Bakelite with silver inlay bell. Rev. Quadriga. Contains 10 photographic prints of Olympic of Olympic rings over Brandenburg Gate, 68mm. Numbered. No stadium and Olympic village. Lt. browning. Medal EF. ($200) closure on back. EF. ($250) 300. International Olympic Aviation Rally to Berlin Olympic Games, 1936. Cased Participation Medal. Cast bronze, 70mm, by Placzek. Olympic bell and legend. Rev. Eagle in high relief fl ying to l. EF, in Please Bid Early! original black box with gold bell. Very rare. ($650) 22 312 310 313 311 307 308 314 325 323 319 320 307. Commemorative Olympia 1936 Medal. Silvered bronze, 35mm. Ancient Greek athlete’s head above 4-line legend. Rev. Olympic bell with “4711”. EF, looped. ($125) 308. Pocket Mirror with Messenger of Marathon. Goldplated brass, 50mm. Messenger between “BERLIN 1936” and Olympic rings. VF- EF, mirror spotty. ($150) c309. “Olympiada Popular Barcelona 1936” Pin. Silvered, 15x18mm, multicolor enamel. Logo of the Olympic Games to be staged in protest of Hitler’s games in Berlin. They had to be canceled as the Spanish Civil War started just before the games. EF. ($175) 310. Kiel Olympic Yachting Visitor’s Pin. Silvered, blue enamel, 30mm. 326 328 Sailing boats between Olympic rings and fi sh. EF. ($150) 327 311. Official Berlin Visitor’s Pin. Goldplated iron, 30x33mm, cream- colored enamel. Brandenburg Gate with “1936 – XI. Olympiade c321. Large Commemorative Red and Cream Straw Basket. 28.2x26cm Berlin” over Olympic rings. EF. ($100) (11.1”x10.2”). Red and cream straw, edge laced with gold band. Six- 312. Commemorative Olympic Rings Pin. Gilt, 58x16mm. Olympic sided AE plaque in center featuring large Olympic bell. Three ball- rings between “19-36” and oak leaves.
Recommended publications
  • The Berlin Olympics: Sports, Anti-Semitism, and Propaganda in Nazi Germany Nathan W
    Student Publications Student Scholarship Spring 2016 The Berlin Olympics: Sports, Anti-Semitism, and Propaganda in Nazi Germany Nathan W. Cody Gettysburg College Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship Part of the European History Commons, Political History Commons, Social History Commons, and the Sports Studies Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Cody, Nathan W., "The Berlin Olympics: Sports, Anti-Semitism, and Propaganda in Nazi Germany" (2016). Student Publications. 434. https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship/434 This is the author's version of the work. This publication appears in Gettysburg College's institutional repository by permission of the copyright owner for personal use, not for redistribution. Cupola permanent link: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/student_scholarship/ 434 This open access student research paper is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Berlin Olympics: Sports, Anti-Semitism, and Propaganda in Nazi Germany Abstract The aN zis utilized the Berlin Olympics of 1936 as anti-Semitic propaganda within their racial ideology. When the Nazis took power in 1933 they immediately sought to coordinate all aspects of German life, including sports. The process of coordination was designed to Aryanize sport by excluding non-Aryans and promoting sport as a means to prepare for military training. The 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin became the ideal platform for Hitler and the Nazis to display the physical superiority of the Aryan race. However, the exclusion of non-Aryans prompted a boycott debate that threatened Berlin’s position as host.
    [Show full text]
  • How Successful Were the Nazi's in Presenting a Positive Image Of
    Nota D How successful were the Nazi’s in presenting a positive image of Germany at the 1936 Berlin Olympics? Word Count 3919 1 Nota D Index Introduction…………………………………….. Page 3 Body………………………………………………... Page 4 Nazi Germany……………………………………. Page 4 The Use of Propaganda………………………. Page 6 The Games………………………………………….. Page 10 Conclusion………………………………………. Page 11 Bibliography…………………………………… Page 12 2 Nota D Introduction The 1936 Berlin Olympics were held during the rule of Adolf Hitler, who had risen into power in 1934 and faced a lot of pressure from the countries inside Europe because they questioned their idea of a dictatorship. During the period between 1932, year in which the venue for the 1936 Olympics was decided and when the Games started in August 1936 there was a very big focus on using the Olympic Games as a mean of propaganda to attempt to show a positive image of Germany to the rest of the world and also to the people inside Germany. Throughout this essay I am going to analyze the ways in which Hitler attempted to create this positive image of Germany and how successful it was on displaying it. The idea is to understand how they managed to use the Olympic games and turn them into a political advantage that gain control over Germany and the start of the World War.1 The Berlin Games were a huge opportunity to ease the tension that Hitler’s regime was creating at that time, attempting to postpone any further political or social problems as far as possible. This was of great importance because the Games would draw peoples attention from the Nazi Party and the problems that Germany was facing at the time.
    [Show full text]
  • Germany and the 1948 Olympic Games in London] by Dr
    GERMANY AND THE 1948 OLYMPIC GAMES IN LONDON] BY DR. JüRgEN BUSCHMANN AND DR. KARL LENNARTZ REACTIVATION OF THE CONNECTIONS TO THE IOC owards the end of World War II, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) contained two German Tmembers: Karl Ritter von Halt and Duke Adolf Friedrich zu Mecklenburg. A third member, field-marshal Walter von Reichenau, had died in Russia of a stroke (cere- bral apoplexy) on 17th January, 1942. Even after the war zu Mecklenburg and von Halt were regularly to be found in the lists of the IOC. In Edström’s first letter to the IOC-members on 1st June, 1945, Edström voices his concern about the fate of the two Germans, since he had no information of their destinies. After the war von Halt reported to the Russian commander’s office and was arrested, remaining in the internment camp, Buchenwald, until 1950. Grete von Halt, Diem and the Duke of Mecklenburg, wrote many letters to Edström, Brundage and other IOC members, begging for help and support for him. Duke Adolf Friedrich had fled from his estates in Mecklenburg and taken refuge at a castle in Eutin, Schleswig Holstein. The former secretary-general of the Olympic Games 1936 in Berlin and the planned Winter Olympic Games 1940 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Carl Diem, was director of the International Olympic Institute, an organisation which had been founded by the “Deutsches Reich” at Coubertin’s insti- gation. In this function Diem edited the “Olympische Rundschau” (Olympic Review) for the IOC “with official gazettes of the International Olympic Committee”. Further he participated in the 50th anniversary of the IOC in Lausanne in June, 1944.
    [Show full text]
  • Sport and Physical Education in Germany
    Sport and Physical Education in Germany Sport and physical education represent important components of German national life, from school and community participation, to elite, international level sport. This unique and comprehensive collection brings together material from leading German scholars to examine the role of sport and PE in Germany from a range of historical and contemporary perspectives. Key topics covered include: • Sport and PE in pre-war, post-war and re-unified Germany; • Sport and PE in schools; • Coach education; • Elite sport and sport science; • Women and sport; • Sport and recreation facilities. This book offers an illuminating insight into how sport and PE have helped to shape modern Germany. It is fascinating reading for anyone with an interest in the history and sociology of sport, and those working in German studies. Roland Naul is Professor of Sport Science and Sport Pedagogy, Essen University. He is ICSSPE Regional Director for Western Europe and Vice- President of ISCPES. Ken Hardman is a Reader in Education at the University of Manchester. He is a former president of ISCPES and a Fellow of the UK Physical Education Association. International Society for Comparative Physical Education and Sport Series Series Editor: Ken Hardman University of Manchester Other titles in the series include: Sport and Physical Education in China Edited by James Riordan and Robin Jones Sport and Physical Education in Germany Edited by Roland Naul and Ken Hardman International Society for Comparative Physical Education and Sport London and New York First published 2002 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor and Francis e-Library, 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • The Olympic Flame
    THE OLYMPIC FLAME A Christian Perspective Andrew Chapman The Olympic Flame A Christian Perspective Andrew Chapman Oxford June 2012 Introduction Until the twenty third of April 2012, I had perceived the Olympic Games primarily as a sporting event, albeit one with a pagan history, having its origins in ancient Greece. On that day, I did a little research, and discovered to my horror, that it is not so much a matter of pagan roots but of a still living tree of pagan and idolatrous worship. Acts of worship to foreign gods are an integral part of the Olympic Games, enshrined in the Olympic Charter and in the Protocols of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), which is the governing authority of the Games. For a Christian nation like Britain (which despite its great backsliding still has the Coronation Oath, Christian acts of worship in State schools, oaths on the Holy Bible in Courts, and a majority of the population describing themselves as Christian) to host the Olympic Games and thereby be responsible for the commission and execution and propagation of idolatrous worship is a great transgression against Almighty God, who gave us His only Son to die for us that we might be saved from our iniquity and find the path of eternal peace in Him. For the church of Jesus Christ to join in the celebrations of a pagan nature which have already begun with the arrival of the Olympic Torch in Britain on 18 May 2012, is to commit a sin of the worst sort, amounting in effect to a denial of the Lord and a transgression of the most basic of all commandments: 'You shall have no other gods before Me.' Exodus 20 v 3 Ceremonies The IOC state explicitly that the 'ceremonial aspects of the Olympic Games have served to set them apart from other international sport competitions'1.
    [Show full text]
  • From Myth to Torch Relay
    n Greek mythology, PROMETHEUS brought a the Hephaistia, but also in honour of ARTEMIS spark of heavenly fire to earth for man, his BENDIS. The variation of a torch ride can be traced Icreation, thus making him the ruler of the back to Thracian influences.4 JÜTHNER describes elements. He was punished by being chained to the torch relays as "essentially a matter of cult, only the Caucasian mountains. However, the great secondarily a matter of sport."5 This ambivalence also step forward into civilization had been taken by marks the modern re-enactments and probably means of the glowing pith of a torch, made from has a direct effect on their power of fascination. It a giant fennel stalk, which had been lighted at serves, moreover, to reinforce the separate nature the fiery chariot of the sun. Following on from of the Olympic Festival as a whole. these mythical conceptions of ancient days, the fire that was brought down from heaven became "The opening ceremonies, including the lighting a representation of reason and enlightenment, of of the sacred flame at Archaia Olympia and its freedom and the creative ability of the human relay to the 'New Olympia' are rites of separation race as a whole. In this case, too, Greek mythology from ordinary lire, initiating the period of public 1 has created an effect which can hardly be liminality."6 encompassed and whose influence can be seen in the Olympic ceremonies. The torch as a symbol and personification in At the ancient festivals held in honour of ancient and Christian mythology and art can PROMETHEUS in Athens, the craftsmen, particularly merely be mentioned here.
    [Show full text]
  • Olympic Truce Sport As a Platform for Peace
    OLYMPIC TRUCE SPORT AS A PLATFORM FOR PEACE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC TRUCE CENTRE OLYMPIC TRUCE SPORT AS A PLATFORM FOR PEACE Edited by Konstantinos Georgiadis - Angelos Syrigos ATHENS 2009 Published by The International Olympic Truce Centre 1A, Likavittou Street, 10672 Athens, Greece E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.olympictruce.org April 2009 In cooperation with the International Olympic Academy Editors: Konstantinos Georgiadis, Honorary Dean of the International Olympic Academy Angelos Syrigos, Director of the International Olympic Truce Centre Editorial Coordination: Olga Philippidou, IOTC Head of International Relations Editing: Roula Vathi, International Olympic Academy Coordination Assistant: Anastasia Vitsou, IOTC Administrative Assistant Greek texts translated and English texts reviewed by Dr Richard Witt Art editing: Konstantinos Adam Layout: Kristi Kassastogianni Publication production: ADAM Hellenic Reproduction SAIC ISBN: 978-960-8389-21-2 The works of the painters featured in this volume were part of the exhibition held at the Hellenic House in Beijing during the Cultural Year of Greece in China, on the occasion of the 2008 Olympic and Paralympic Games. They subsequently went on show at the Athens Megaron Concert Hall, in March 2009. The opinions of the authors - contributors to this edition do not necessarily reflect those of the International Olympic Truce Centre. [6] CONTENTS Forewords Jacques ROGGE................................................................................................................................09
    [Show full text]
  • In Greek Mythology, PROMETHEUS Brought a Spark of Heavenly Fire to Earth for Man, His Creation, Thus Making Him the Ruler Of
    n Greek mythology, PROMETHEUS brought a the Hephaistia, but also in honour of ARTEMIS spark of heavenly fire to earth for man, his BENDIS. The variation of a torch ride can be traced Icreation, thus making him the ruler of the back to Thracian influences.4 JÜTHNER describes elements. He was punished by being chained to the torch relays as "essentially a matter of cult, only the Caucasian mountains. However, the great secondarily a matter of sport."5 This ambivalence also step forward into civilization had been taken by marks the modern re-enactments and probably means of the glowing pith of a torch, made from has a direct effect on their power of fascination. It a giant fennel stalk, which had been lighted at serves, moreover, to reinforce the separate nature the fiery chariot of the sun. Following on from of the Olympic Festival as a whole. these mythical conceptions of ancient days, the fire that was brought down from heaven became "The opening ceremonies, including the lighting a representation of reason and enlightenment, of of the sacred flame at Archaia Olympia and its freedom and the creative ability of the human relay to the 'New Olympia' are rites of separation race as a whole. In this case, too, Greek mythology from ordinary lire, initiating the period of public 1 has created an effect which can hardly be liminality."6 encompassed and whose influence can be seen in the Olympic ceremonies. The torch as a symbol and personification in At the ancient festivals held in honour of ancient and Christian mythology and art can PROMETHEUS in Athens, the craftsmen, particularly merely be mentioned here.
    [Show full text]
  • The United States and the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games
    The Japanese Journal of American Studies, No. 20 (2009) Architects of a Masquerade Peace: The United States and the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games Sayuri GUTHRIE-SHIMIZU* Among international social movements that have endured into the present, few have more intimately associated themselves with peace and human soli- darity than the Olympics Games. Since their resurrection by French aristocrat Pierre de Coubertin in 1896, the Olympics have become entrenched in popu- lar imagination as a symbol of world peace and international brotherhood. Despite—or because of—this composite symbolism, the Olympic Games have been exploited to render their metaphoric power to other, often blatantly political, causes.1 Scholars and observers of the modern Olympics generally agree that dur- ing the movement’s fi rst half century, the Berlin Olympics of 1936 was the most egregious case of political manipulation and propagandizing committed by a host country. It was held in the immediate aftermath of the German re- militarization of the Rhineland, one of the opening gambits of Nazi military expansionism, which threatened the tenuous—and fl awed—post–World War I peace in Europe. The Nazis’ spectacular success in hosting the festival of peace increased the regime’s popularity at home and enhanced its prestige abroad. Because of the perverse irony of this achievement, the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games have been more intensely studied than others.2 From the beginning of the modern Games, held in Athens in 1896, the United States has been a crucial non-European player in the international Copyright © 2009 Sayuri Guthrie-Shimizu. All rights reserved. This work may be used, with this notice included, for noncommercial purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • GERMANY from 1896-1936 Presented to the Graduate Council
    6061 TO THE BERLIN GAMES: THE OLYMPIC MOVEMENT IN GERMANY FROM 1896-1936 THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the North Texas State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science By William Gerard Durick, B.S. Denton, Texas May, 1984 @ 1984 WILLIAM GERARD DURICK All Rights Reserved Durick, William Gerard, ToThe Berlin Games: The Olympic Movement in Germany From 1896-1936. Master of Science (History), May, 1984, 237epp.,, 4 illustrations, bibliography, 99 titles. This thesis examines Imperial, Weimar, and Nazi Ger- many's attempt to use the Berlin Olympic Games to bring its citizens together in national consciousness and simultane- ously enhance Germany's position in the international com- munity. The sources include official documents issued by both the German and American Olympic Committees as well as newspaper reports of the Olympic proceedings. This eight chapter thesis discusses chronologically the beginnings of the Olympic movement in Imperial Germany, its growth during the Weimar and Nazi periods, and its culmination in the 1936 Berlin Games. Each German government built and improved upon the previous government's Olympic experiences with the National Socialist regime of Adolf Hitler reaping the benefits of forty years of German Olympic participation and preparation. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 0 0 - LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS....... ....--.-.-.-.-.-. iv Chapter I. ....... INTRODUCTION "~ 13 . 13 II. IMPERIAL GERMANY AND THE OLYMPIC GAMES . 42 III. SPORT IN WEIMAR GERMANY . - - IV* SPORT IN NAZI GERMANY. ...... - - - - 74 113 V. THE OLYMPIC BOYCOTT MOVEMENTS . * VI. THE NATIONAL SOCIALISTS AND THE OLYMPIC GAMES .... .. ... - - - .- - - - - - . 159 - .-193 VII. THE OLYMPIC SUMMER . - - .- -. - - 220 VIII.
    [Show full text]
  • The Origins of the Olympic Games' Opening and Closing Ceremonies: Artistic Creativity and Communication
    Intercultural Communication Studies XIX: 1 2010 Lattipongpun The Origins of the Olympic Games’ Opening and Closing Ceremonies: Artistic Creativity and Communication Wichian Lattipongpun, Macquarie University Nowadays, the Olympic Games’ Opening and Closing Ceremonies contribute greatly to, and draw from, the different cultures in the various host cities. This paper will explore the origins of the Olympic Games’ Opening and Closing Ceremonies (OGO and CCs). The extent to which theories concerning artistic creativity and communication are utilized will specifically be examined. Historically speaking, the modern Olympic Games were adapted from the ideology of the ancient Olympic Games, which originally treated sporting competitions as a form of religious ritual. Greek people used the games as a means to communicate with their Gods; games included music, dance, and art. Interestingly, only the victory ceremonies are present in historical records; no evidence of the OGO and CCs can be found. The hypothesis that this paper will test is the notion that the OGO and CCs began with the modern Olympic Games. This study aims to answer this by conveying the initial ideas and purposes of the OGO and CC through discourse analysis. The primary data used includes the minutes of the 1906 International Olympic Committee Congress in Paris and Baron Pierre de Coubertin’s biography. The results significantly illustrate that the OGO and CC were initially associated and influenced by personal interests and cultural patterns. The ceremonial aspects of the Olympic Games have served to set them apart from other international sports competitions. The protocol and splendor of the Olympic ceremonies, which go hand-in-hand with the celebration of the Games as everyone knows them today, make this event a unique and unforgettable festival.
    [Show full text]
  • Australia and the Olympic Games
    Australia and the Olympic Games The Berlin Olympics 1936 Historical Context Changing Germany 1932‐1936 Focus: • How and why did Germany change during 1932‐1936? • What effect did these changes have on sport and the Berlin Olympics for 1936? After the defeat in World War I Germany had been forced in 1919 to become a democratic republic, the Weimar Republic. Germany lost the war and was burdened with a range of financial fines and military and territorial restrictions. This destabilized the German political system as well as the economy. Adolph Hitler had become the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NAZI) in 1921 and had tried to seize power in Munich in 1924 but failed. He was imprisoned for nine months and used the time to write his political and social guide for Germany, Mein Kampf, and determined to use the political system to achieve power legally. He was marginalized and unsuccessful until the Great Depression. With about 4 million unemployed, hyper‐inflation, reparation payments for losing World War I hindering economic development his party offered a new Germany – a Third Reich. The price for this change was a dictatorship and the nazification of the state. Once the Enabling Act (March 1933) was passed Hitler began such changes as: • the organized persecution of ‘enemies of the state’, particularly Jewish citizens, gypsies and Catholics. • a boycott of Jewish businesses. • the dismissal of non‐Aryan civil servants and prohibition of non‐Aryans and spouses from any government employment. • identification of ‘racial flaws’ which would compromise racial purity. • establishment of concentration camps for ‘enemies of the state’.
    [Show full text]