BookNews Reviews and Information

Modern City” conducted by Catherine Ettinger; docomomo Conference “Temporality and Transformation” conducted by Emi- lie d’Orgeix; “City and Nature” conducted by Louise Mexico 2010: “Living in the Noelle Gras; and “The Modern City from a Contem- porary Perspective” conducted by Gabriela Lee. Urban Modernity” The essence of the Modern Movement, based on

— docomomo material and technological innovations, is also the By Louise Noelle origin of docomomo’s discussions on philosophical and physical conservation challenges. The theme “Technology for a Modern Habitat”, approached HE 11th docomomo International Conference the conference’s theme: living in urban modernity. theoretical and practical aspects regarding building Ttook place in Mexico City from the 19th to the The formal presentation counted with the participa- protection and preservation. It was divided into two 27th August 2010, under the title “Living in the Ur- tion of Consuelo Sáizar, President of the Consejo Na- sessions: “Conservation Issues for the Modern Hab- ban Modernity”, allowing participants to analyze cional para la Cultura y las Artes; José Narro Robles, itat” organized by Susan MacDonald; and “Building the issues that transformed the city and its archi- Rector of the UNAM; Louise Cox, President of the Climates and System Analysis for Modern Habitat” tecture during the first part of the 20th Century. International Union of Architects; and Lisandro organized by Kyle Normandin. Urban area growth brought up an environment that de la Garza, President of the Federación de Arqui- The Campus of the UNAM Ciudad Universitaria, favored the presence of Modern Architecture, in tectos de la República Mexicana. docomomo was declared World Heritage Site, also offered the op- which new materials and developing techniques represented by Ana Tostões, Louise Noelle Gras and portunity to introduce a fifth theme, that of Univer- took new forms. Likewise, and in relation to work- Sara Topelson de Grinberg. Mauricio Rivero Borrel, sity Campus, significant to most countries not only ing and leisure spaces, social changes had a visible Vice–President of UIA; Sergio Alcocer Martínez del because of the intrinsic architecture and art issues, transformation influence over education, health, Campo, Secretary General of the UNAM; the direc- but also because they have been the melting pot of hygiene and housing. In order to explore and to tors of the architecture faculties that participated education and knowledge that have allowed a spe- analyze the different elements that transformed the in the organization of the event and other leaders cific academic richness. These ideas were studied city and its architecture, a workshop was organized of architectural institutions also took part in this in two sessions: “Evolution and University” leaded and the Conference was divided into five subjects opening event. by Janneke Bierman; and “The University and the developed in fifteen sessions and five round tables. The first theme, “Modern Living” referred to the City” leaded by Eduardo Luis Rodríguez. Three Master Conferences by Barry Bergdoll, Víctor relevance of modern society multi–family dwell- The round–table debates counted with a large Pérez Escolano and Ricardo Legorreta, which dealt ings and how organization was the instrument that number of participants that made them very inter- 86 with interesting contributions on modernity, also sought solutions to the incipient proletariat and esting: “Architectural Magazines, Documental Foun- took place. the developing middle class. Four sessions were dation for Modern Heritage”, coordinated by Patricia The Workshop took place between the 19th and introduced: “Housing as a state affair” conducted Méndez; “Movie Theatres, Modern Heritage to be 24th August at Casa Barragán Ateliers in Tacubaya, by Henrietta Moravcikova; “Cultural liberation and Rescued” coordinated by Alejandro Ochoa Vega; a Modern Movement privileged and stimulating en- architectural diversification”, conducted by Carlos “Brasilia: Limits of the Urban Project” coordinated by vironment, fostered by the Universidad Autónoma Eduardo Comas; “Images of modern living” conduct- Carlos Eduardo Comas and Silvia Ficher; and “Mod- Metropolitana. The tasks were coordinated by ed by Raquel Franklin; and “Modernity and tradition” ern Movement Architecture in Sub–Saharan Africa” professors Alejandro Ochoa, Ricardo Pita and conducted by Manuel Berumen. coordinated by Ana Tostões. A fifth round–table on Rodolfo Santa María from UAM—Xochimilco, with The importance of the “Civic and Social Infra- the fundamental issue “Architectural Practice and the participation of Theodore Prudon, Jorge Sán- structure”, considered an essential consequence of Conservation” took place in the main auditorium chez Antuñano, Mariano Arias and Miguel Ángel modernity, allowed an appreciation of the different and was organized by Hubert–Jan Henket with the Ronquillo. Roberto Eibenschuz, Louise Noelle and circumstances in which modern buildings were participation of Maija Kairamo, Wessel de Jonge, Óscar Terrazas presented conferences on urban built. Together with social, political and economical Gabriel Mérigo and Theodore Prudon. and architectural issues. The twenty—student issues, also ideological and urban project signifi- Regarding the diffusion of the 11th doco- group was divided in four teams in order to elabo- cance was discussed in three sessions: “Conserva- momo International Conference Minutes, a rate conservation and adaptation proposals for tion and Design Issues” coordinated by Maristella summary of the Papers which had been presented the Melchor Ocampo Square urban space which Casciato; “Urban Scales” coordinated by Horacio was edited. A DVD with the complete papers and preserves buildings by distinguished architects of Torrent; and “Education and Recreation” coordi- posters presented at the round–tables, together the Modern Movement such as Augusto H. Álvarez, nated by Gustavo Luis Moré. with the coordinator’s presentations, was given to Luis Barragán, Max Cetto, José Creixel and Enrique The third theme analyzed the triumphs and the participants at the end of the Conference. The del Moral. failures of urban modernity, considering both archi- International Specialist Committees on Registers, The inauguration of the Conference took place tecture and planning: “The Modern City”. The ideal Technology, Urbanism and Landscape, and Educa- at the Museo Nacional de Antropologia on the 24th city design, where progress and technology were tion and Theory have organized working sessions August and the events development took place at the main statements, and the unbounded growth of with their representatives and their conclusions the Ciudad Universitaria of the Universidad Nacional some metropolis in this process, gave back answers were presented at the Council Meeting. Autónoma de México, two Modern Movement em- based on a desire for welfare which was present Guided visits around the Ciudad Universitaria, blematic works which gave a particular meaning to in the four sessions that took place: “Planning the declared World Heritage Site in 2007 by UNESCO,

docomomo 43 — 2010/2 were also offered to participants during the three Anahuac del Norte. We also counted with the gener- Santa María regarding the Workshop; Juan Ignacio days of the congress as well as the four Docotours ous organizing participation of the Consejo Nacio- del Cueto, Lourdes Díaz, Raquel Franklin and Cath- that took place after the congress. The latter were nal para la Cultura y las Artes and the Gobierno del erine Ettinger, together with María García Holley, coordinated by Juan Ignacio del Cueto, who person- Distrito Federal through Seduvi. Many people volun- in the Secretariat; Jordi Messeguer Gally with the ally guided the three visits to works by Félix Candela, tarily collaborated in the academic part of the event, organization; Gabriela Gutiérrez Saucedo with the Juan O´Gorman, Mathias Goeritz and Enrique de la including foreign members of the Scientific Commit- accounts and register; Claude Constant as the com- Mora, and other dwelling projects, together with tee: Janneke Bierman, Maristella Casciato, Carlos puter technician; and Celia Facio with the design, Raquel Franklin. Louise Noelle Gras was in charge Eduardo Comas, Wessel de Jorge, Natalia Dushkina, among many others. I also want to emphasize the of showing and explaining the works of Luis Bar- Carlos García Vázquez, Miles Glendinning, Susan support of Maristella Casciato, former Chair of doco- ragán. The participants deeply appreciated this Macdonald, Enrique Madia, Rahul J. Mehrotra, Raúl momo International, and her team in Paris, as well activity because it allowed a rapprochement with Monterroso, Henrieta Moravciková, Gustavo Luis as that of the present Chair, Ana Tostões, and the important buildings and urban areas of Mexico City. Moré, Alona Nitzan–Shiftan, Kyle Normandin, Theo- Barcelona team with Ivan Blasi and Laura Arenas. It is important to stress that we are proud that dore Prudon, Eduardo Luis Rodríguez, Dennis Sharp With nearly 400 people from around 50 coun- this conference was supported fundamentally by and Horacio Torrent; and Lourdes Cruz, Catherine R. tries attending and participating in the events, we the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, spe- Ettinger, Raquel Franklin, Gabriela Lee and Alejan- were able to come closer to understand the real cially the Architecture Faculty and the Instituto de dro Ochoa from Mexico. The Organizing Committee dimension of the significance of what to live, to Investigaciones Estéticas; the Universidad Autónoma was formed by Louise Noelle and Sara Topelson as act and to enjoy Modern Movement Urban Areas Metropolitana, specially Campus Xochimilco; the Co–Chairs; Iván San Martín as Secretary; Lourdes means, emphasizing the importance of its adequate Universidad Iberoamericana; and the Universidad Cruz as Treasurer; Alejandro Ochoa and Rodolfo conservation and safeguard for future generations.

3 87

1

4

2 5

Figure 1. Inauguration of the Conference at the Museo Nacional de Antropología. Photo: María García Holley. Figure 2. Master Conference by Ricardo Legorreta. Photo: María García Holley. Figure 3. Ana Tostões with students at the Conference Workshop. Photo: Ana Magalhaes. Figure 4. “Architectural Practice and Conservation” round table. Photo: María García Holley. Figure 5. Docotours: Louise Noelle presenting Casa Gilardi by Luis Barragán. Photo: Ivan Blasi.

docomomo Conference Mexico 2010: “Living in the Urban Modernity” docomomo 43 — 2010/2 BookNews Reviews and Information

Paris Report was approved as well as the doco- Eleventh docomomo Council momo International in Barcelona January–July Report of Activities, read by Ivan Blasi. Ana Tostões Meeting. August 26, 2010, presented the docomomo International in Barcelona Plan of Action 2010, which was voted Mexico City, Mexico unanimously. Horacio Torrent and Silvia Ficher,

— docomomo guest editors of docomomo Journal 42 and 43 respectively, were thanked by the Chair. By Ivan Blasi, Secretary General, docomomo International The new Executive Committee for the next two years was also unanimously voted for: Ana Tostões, Chair; Ivan Blasi, Secretary General; Panayotis NA Tostões, Chair of docomomo Interna- United Kingdom and United States. Serbia, South Tournikiotis, representing the International Special- Ational, welcomed all representatives and audi- Africa and Venezuela were also given voting rights, ist Committees; and Timo Tuomi, as representative tors to the 11th docomomo International Council recognizing their new Chapter status. of the next docomomo Conference. Ola Wede- Meeting. She asked Hubert–Jan Henket, honorary Four new Chapters had sent their complete brunn and Louise Noelle’s close, strong and impor- president, to say some words in remembrance of candidacy to docomomo International in 2010: tant collaboration with the Executive Committee in Dennis Sharp. Next to an image of the “architect, Egypt, Serbia, South Africa and Venezuela. Egypt the last years was also appreciated by Ana Tostões. scholar, critic, writer, teacher, bookseller, cook and was not able to assist to the meeting so it was During the Conference in Mexico, the Finnish walking encyclopedia” dancing in the tango compe- considered a provisional chapter until the formal Chapter presented its proposal to hold the next tition at the 4th International docomomo confer- candidacy presentation which will take place in the Conference in Espoo, Finland, in August 2012 un- ence in Sliac, Slovakia, he finished his tribute with next Council Meeting. The new candidacies were der the title The survival of Modern. From coffee Dennis’ words: “While I breathe, I hope.” presented by Tanja Conley regarding Serbia, Laura cup to plan. The proposal was voted positively with After a one minute silence in remembrance of Robinson in relation to South Africa and Hannia Gó- acclaim by the Chapters with voting rights at the Dennis Sharp (UK) and Eliana Cárdenas (Cuba), Ana mez presenting Venezuela. The three chapters were Council Meeting. Tostões invited Maristella Casciato, former Chair of unanimously accepted and welcomed. Ecuador and No proposal to hold the Conference in 2014 was docomomo International, to say some words. Peru were also accepted as chapters with full rights received at the Council Meeting and we would like She thanked the assistance of Émilie d’Orgeix and and it was agreed that Uruguay would continue be- to take the opportunity in this summary to invite Anne–Laure Guillet during her chairmanship and ing a provisional chapter until its attendance to the Chapters to present their proposals. summarized the two main issues that docomo- next Council Meeting. The Advisory Board members in the next years 88 mo International in Paris had dealt with between Institutional, Individual and Student member- will be Wessel de Jonge (The Netherlands), Theo- 2008 and 2010; on the one hand the organization ship fees were not changed although they will be dore Prudon (US), Scott Robertson (Australia), of the 11th Conference in Mexico, and on the other revised in the next Council Meeting. Institutional Hiroyuki Suzuki (Japan), France Vanlaethem (Can- hand, the relocation of docomomo International’s sustaining membership fees were increased and a ada–Quebec) and Louise Noelle (Mexico). headquarters from Paris to Barcelona, including the new membership called Corporate was agreed. Re- The International Specialist Committees also had on–line vote to choose Ana Tostões as Chair and ductions, both for new chapters and existing ones, the opportunity to present their reports and plans Ivan Blasi as Secretary General of docomomo were not changed but they will be discussed in the of action during the Conference in Mexico. The new International. The corresponding reports and bud- next Council Meeting. members which were chosen in each committee gets had been presented to docomomo mem- Regarding docomomo International member- were all also accepted after the corresponding vote. bers on July 2010. ships, the Advisory Board decided at its meeting in Voting Rights were also discussed. It was agreed The representatives of the Chapters that assist- Mexico that, those people interested in becoming that in the next Council Meeting changes regard- ed to the Council Meeting were welcomed by Ana docomomo members who live in countries ing the homework could be introduced for those Tostões: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada–Que- or regions where a docomomo Chapter does Chapters that organize an international major event bec, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Denmark, Dominican not exist, may be accepted as docomomo In- or produce a major effort such as publications or Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, ternational members. Those members interested international conferences. Guatemala, Iberia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, in becoming docomomo members who live Finally an amendment was introduced to the Mexico, The Netherlands, Panama, Poland, Scot- in countries or regions where a docomomo Constitution. Point 2.3 of the appendix will now land, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Turkey and Chapter already exists will be directed towards say “The membership fees are administered by United States. Peru and Ecuador, provisional chap- the existing Chapter. docomomo International the Associació docomomo Internacional Barce- ters after the 10th Council Meeting that took place in Barcelona will contact the Chapter and if it does lona” and point 4.1.2 will say “The docomomo in Rotterdam in 2008, together with Serbia, South not receive an answer in 3 months, it may accept International Association is a legally established Africa and Venezuela which presented their candi- the applicant as an International member. This point Association in Barcelona, Spain, in accordance with dacies during the meeting, were also welcomed. was introduced into the Council Meeting Agenda Spanish and Catalan law.” The chapters with voting rights, according to and it was accepted. The fees regarding Corporate, Ana Tostões concluded the meeting at 11:00pm the docomomo Constitution were: Argentina, Institutional Sustaining and Institutional member- on August 26, 2010, at Hotel Diplomático, Mexico Australia, Austria, Brazil, Chile, Greece, Iberia, Italy, ships can be consulted by the Chapters. City. Japan, Mexico, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Netherlands, The 2008—2009 docomomo International in

docomomo 43 — 2010/2 News and Information World Monuments Fund/Knoll Modernism Prize 2010 — docomomo

HE World Monuments Fund/Knoll Modernism TPrize 2010 was awarded to Hubert–Jan Henket

and Wessel de Jonge for their work on the Zonnes- Photos by Wessel de Jonge 89 traal Sanatorium. The jury was chaired by Barry Bergdoll, The Philip Johnson Chief Curator of Archi- tecture and Design at the Museum of Modern Art Modern heritage, using Zonnestraal as the proto- One of the significant components of the Zonnes- in New York, and included Kenneth Frampton, Jean– type. This led not only to a conservation program traal program was the successful re–purposing of Louis Cohen, Sheldon H. Solow, Dietrich Neumann, for Zonnestraal, but also inspired Henket and de the facility for contemporary use: The re–creation Theo Prudon, and Karen Stein. Jonge to create docomomo. of the original layout of the buildings now accom- The Zonnestraal Sanatorium was conceived by Prior to beginning work on Zonnestraal, exten- modates several health–care providers. The original Johannes Duiker (1890–1935), Bernard Bijvoet sive research was employed to obtain a compre- workshops of 1928 have been restored and ex- (1889–1979); and structural engineer Jan Gerko hensive understanding of the complex’s rationale. panded in size in order to serve as an obesity clinic. Wiebenga (1880–1974). Founded by the Diamond The architects then developed a conservation pro- The main building accommodates a sports–injury Workers Union of Amsterdam, the sanatorium was gram that was predicated on a thorough structural rehabilitation clinic and a conference center. part of a larger aftercare colony for tubercular pa- analysis of all of the building’s elements: framing, tients. It was funded by Union dues as a facility that construction technology and materials, building in- would train members who had been afflicted with stallations, and the interrelation of all of these. the disease for their return to society. The conservation project aimed at the recon- After the Second World War it fell from public struction of the sanatorium’s design scheme, includ- and academic notice and into disuse, nearly disap- ing its original facades, partitions, and finishes; pearing into its surrounding landscape. In the 1960s, however, there was little conservation or restora- the building was rediscovered and deemed by archi- tion of authentic materials, many of which had tectural critics and historians to be a major monu- literally disappeared. Some lost parts were recon- ment of modern architecture. Its physical survival structed such as the steel window–casements, the was assured in 1995 when it received landmark sheet glass, and such finishes as the linoleum and More information: protection. In 1982 the Dutch government commis- terrazzo flooring. Some components, like window www.wmf.org/node/2088 sioned Hubert–Jan Henket and Wessel de Jonge, glazing and hardware that had been industrially pro- www.wesseldejonge.nl already leading experts in the field, to develop a duced in the 1920s, were no longer in production www.biermanhenket.nl solution for saving and restoring the country’s rich and had to be hand crafted.

docomomo 43 — 2010/2 News and Information

university authorities and with journalists and pro- The demolition of the fessors working at the station, as well as the inclu- sion of the building in the World Monuments Watch addition to the Marine list for 2008, this promising situation has been achieved. From now on actions for its restoration Biology Station in will take place, for which docomomo’s joined

— docomomo efforts will be needed. — docomomo Montemar, Chile The Marine Biology Station was built between 1941 and 1959 under extraordinary construction, assignment, program definition and location cir- GAINST Winds and Tides. A Critical Review of architecture in Chile which has suffered several cumstances, responding to a landscape condition Athe Alterations and Extensions to the Oceano- interventions during its lifetime. The last one was that is today considered one of Latin–America’s graphic Institute (Enrique Gebhard, 1941) at Mon- a big addition that would have blocked its open side most relevant contributions to the development of temar, Chile, was the title of Maximiano Atria’s case towards the ocean, in a bad try to emulate its forms a universal modern architecture. th study presentation at docomomo’s 9 Interna- and structural system. The interventions made to the station not only tional Conference in Rotterdam in 2008. Two years After big efforts from docomomo Chile, transformed the character of the project but they later docomomo Chile announced the demoli- Maristella Casciatto and Ana Tostoes’ chairman- also changed the environment and its relationship tion of the ongoing but suspended addition to the ships, lectures in docomomo conferences and with the coastline inlet. The building is nowadays building, one of the brightest examples of modern docomomo Chile seminars, meetings with the occupied by the Valparaiso University which ex- pressed its support to restore its original state. With Maximiano Atria’s words we wish to thank Montemar, 2011 docomomo Chile’s efforts and those of all our members worldwide: “I see this moment as a world- wide success on the part of our organization, and I take this opportunity to thank everyone who helped in any way to reach this day.”

90 Montemar, 2005 Photo: Ricardo Bravo Ricardo Photo: 2

Montemar ca. 1977 Maximiano AtriaPhoto: Source: Archivo fotográfico Universidad de Chile. Photographer: unknown de Chile. Photographer: Universidad fotográfico Archivo Source:

docomomo 43 — 2010/2 News and Information Safeguarding project at New Gourna Village, part of Ancient Thebes — docomomo World Heritage site

91 Photos by Laura Arenas

HE village of New Gourna, which was partially mand the prosaic stuff of dreams. He can consider reau d’Etudes d’Architecture et d’Urbanism), Ms. Tbuilt between 1945 and 1952 by architect Has- the family size, the wealth, the social status, the Leila El-Wakil(University of Geneva), Mr. Hubert san Fathy, is possibly the most well known of his profession, the climate, and at last, the hopes and Guillaud (CRAterre-ENSAG),Mr. John Hurd (ICOMOS) projects because of the international popularity of aspirations of those he shall house. As he cannot ,Mr.Josheph King (ICCROM), Ms. Adelina Picone his book, Architecture for the Poor, published nearly hold a thousand individuals in his mind at one time, (Federico II University of Naples), Ms. Jana Reve- twenty years after the experience and concentrat- let him begin with the comprehensible, with a hand- din (Jana Revedin Architect) ,Mr.James Steele (Uni- ing primarily on the ultimately tragic history of this ful of people or a natural group of families which versity of Southern California), Ms. Ana Tostoes village. Fathy wrote “In Nature, no two men are will bring the design within his power. Once he is (docomomo International) and Ms. Gihane Zaki alike. Even if they are twins and physically identi- dealing with a manageable group of say twenty or (Ministry of Culture-Egypt), with the assistance of cal, they will differ in their dreams. The architecture thirty families, then the desired variety will natu- Mr. Francesco Bandarin (Assistant Director-General, of the house emerges from the dream; this is why rally and logically follow in the housing.” Culture Sector), Mr. Lazare Eloundou Assomo (World in villages built by their inhabitants we will find no While the project proposals are extremely com- Heritage Centre,Chief Africa Unit), Ms. Franca Mi- two houses identical. This variety grew naturally pelling and ultimately persuasive, New Gourna glioli (World Heritage Centre,Programme Specialist) as men designed and built their many thousands of is still most significant for the questions it raises and Mr. Francesco Siravo (Aga Khan Trust for Culture. dwellings through the millennia. But when the archi- rather than the problems it tried to solve. UNESCO, in The initiative aims to assist the Government of tect is faced with the job of designing a thousand cooperation with the Egyptian Ministry of Culture Egypt in its efforts to preserve this precious heritage houses at one time, rather than dream for the thou- and the Governorate of Luxor, held the first Scien- and to rehabilitate this important architectural heri- sand whom he must shelter, he designs one house tific Committee meeting on the safeguarding proj- tage, as well as to valorize Fathy’s ground-breaking and puts three zeros to its right, denying creativity ect of New Gourna Village in Luxor, on the 2nd and ideas and revive their relevance to contemporary to himself and humanity to man. As if he were a por- 3rd October 2010. The Scientific Committee was sustainable architecture. The three-year project will traitist with a thousand commissions and painted formed by Mr. Benno Albercht (Venice University’s be implemented within the framework of the World only one picture and made nine hundred and ninety Institute of Architecture), Ms. Erica Avrami (World Heritage Earthen Architecture Program, which was nine photocopies. But the architect has at his com- Monument Fund), Mr. Baba Alpha Ismail Cisse (Bu- launched in 2007.

docomomo 43 — 2010/2