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Deciphering L33tspeak
Ghent University Faculty of Arts and Philosophy Thesis Deciphering L33t5p34k Internet Slang on Message Boards Supervisor: Master Paper submitted in partial fulfilment of Prof. Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen the requirements for the degree of ―Master in de Taal- en Letterkunde – Afstudeerrichting: Engels‖ By Eveline Flamand 2007-2008 i Acknowledgements I would like to thank my promoter, professor Anne-Marie Vandenbergen, for agreeing on supervising this perhaps unconventional thesis. Secondly I would like to mention my brother, who recently graduated as a computer engineer and who has helped me out when my knowledge on electronic technology did not suffice. Niels Cuelenaere also helped me out by providing me with some material and helping me with a Swedish translation. The people who came up to me and told me they would like to read my thesis, have encouraged me massively. In moments of doubt, they made me realize that there is an audience for this kind of research, which made me even more determined to finish this thesis successfully. Finally, I would also like to mention the members of the Filologica forum, who have been an inspiration for me. ii Index 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 2. Methodology ......................................................................................................................... 1 2.1 4chan ............................................................................................................................... -
Lexical Innovation on the Internet - Neologisms in Blogs
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2009 Lexical innovation on the internet - neologisms in blogs Smyk-Bhattacharjee, Dorota Abstract: Studien im Bereich des Sprachwandels beschreiben traditionellerweise diachronische Verän- derungen in den Kernsubsystemen der Sprache und versuchen, diese zu erklären. Obwohl ein Grossteil der Sprachwissenschaftler sich darüber einig ist, dass die aktuellen Entwicklungen in einer Sprache am klarsten im Wortschatz reflektiert werden, lassen die lexikographischen und morphologischen Zugänge zur Beobachtung des lexikalischen Wandels wichtige Fragen offen. So beschäftigen sich letztere typischer- weise mit Veränderungen, die schon stattgefunden haben, statt sich dem sich zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt vollziehenden Wandel zu widmen. Die vorliegende Dissertation bietet eine innovative Lösung zur Un- tersuchung des sich vollziehenden lexikalischen Wandels sowohl in Bezug auf die Datenquelle als auch bzgl. der verwendeten Methodologie. In den vergangenen 20 Jahren hat das Internet unsere Art zu leben, zu arbeiten und zu kommunizieren drastisch beeinflusst. Das Internet bietet aber auch eine Masse an frei zugänglichen Sprachdaten und damit neue Möglichkeiten für die Sprachforschung. Die in dieser Arbeit verwendeten Daten stammen aus einem Korpus englischsprachiger Blogs, eine Art Computer gestützte Kommunikation (computer-mediated communication, CMC). Blogs bieten eine neue, beispiel- lose Möglichkeit, Wörtern nachzuspüren zum Zeitpunkt, in der sie Eingang in die Sprache finden. Um die Untersuchung des Korpus zu vereinfachen, wurde eine Software mit dem Namen Indiana entwickelt. Dieses Instrument verbindet den Korpus basierten Zugang mit einer lexikographischen Analyse. Indiana verwendet eine Kombination von HTML-to-text converter, eine kumulative Datenbank und verschiede Filter, um potentielle Neologismen im Korpus identifizieren zu können. -
TARTU UNIVERSITY NARVA COLLEGE DIVISION of FOREIGN
TARTU UNIVERSITY NARVA COLLEGE DIVISION of FOREIGN LANGUAGES Vladimir Lilenko WORD-FORMATION AND SEMANTIC MECHANISMS IN ENGLISH INTERNET SLANG AND MEMES CREATION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE Bachelor’s thesis Supervisor: Lect. O.Orehhova NARVA 2013 PREFACE English Internet slang and memes have become not only a part of the English language, but they have been imposing a great influence on Russian and the verbal culture of young generation as well. Memes have almost replaced usual Internet chatting and emotional expression of most Russian speaking young people. English slang has grown so deeply inside Russian that it is accepted as that of the Russian origin. The present research paper attempts to show how the English Internet slang and memes are formed and what a great impact they have on the Russian language. The thesis conducts an analysis of the English Internet slang, compares English Internet slang with that of the Russian language as well as analyses the impact of English memes and Internet slang on the Russian language. The paper consists of the Introduction, three core chapters and the Conclusion. The introductory part provides an overview of the English Internet slang and memes creation history. Chapter I includes an overview of word-formation processes and semantic mechanisms in English. Chapter II includes the analysis of 30 most popular English Internet slang words and 10 Internet memes. The aim of the analysis is to find out what word-formation processes and semantic mechanisms are mostly used in modern English Internet slang and memes. The aim of Chapter III is to study out the impact of English Internet slang and memes on the Russian language. -
Gamespeak for N00bs a Linguistic and Pragmatic Analysis of Gamers‟ Language
Gamespeak for n00bs A linguistic and pragmatic analysis of gamers‟ language Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Magistra der Philosophie an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz vorgelegt von Jasmin FUCHS am Institut für Anglistik und Amerikanistik Begutachterin: Ao.Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Phil. Hermine Penz Graz, 2013 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 5 2. The multiplayer game Counter-Strike: Source .................................................................. 7 2.1. Gameplay ................................................................................................................... 7 3. Language and the Internet .................................................................................................. 8 3.1. Computer-mediated communication .......................................................................... 9 3.2. Types of computer-mediated communication .......................................................... 10 3.3. Synchronous communication ................................................................................... 11 3.4. Asynchronous communication ................................................................................. 12 3.5. Computer-mediated communication tools used in games ........................................ 12 3.5.1. TeamSpeak ......................................................................................................... 13 3.5.2. -
Guricova Internet Slang in Rel
Masaryk University Faculty of Arts Department of English and American Studies Teaching English Language and Literature for Secondary Schools Bc. Kristýna Guricová Internet Slang in Relation to ELT Master‘s Diploma Thesis Supervisor: James Edward Thomas, M.A. 2013 I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. …………………………………………….. Author‘s signature Acknowledgement First and foremost, I would like to like to express my gratitude to my supervisor, James Edward Thomas, M. A., for his guidance, kind help and valuable advice throughout the process of writing this thesis. I would also like to thank all the teachers and students of English who took part in my research and in my e-learning course. Finally, I would like to thank Petra Erbanová for her invaluable support and help. Table of Contents 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 6 2 Internet slang - the linguistic perspective ............................................................................................. 8 2.1 Defining slang ............................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Internet language as a variety of language ................................................................................ 17 2.2.1 Speech or writing? .............................................................................................................. -
Acronyms and Emoticons on a Popular Web Forum: Does Gender Makes a Difference? a Corpus-Based Study of Reddit Marie Flesch
Acronyms and Emoticons on a Popular Web Forum: Does Gender Makes a Difference? A Corpus-Based Study of Reddit Marie Flesch To cite this version: Marie Flesch. Acronyms and Emoticons on a Popular Web Forum: Does Gender Makes a Difference? A Corpus-Based Study of Reddit. Humanities and Social Sciences. 2016. hal-02317528 HAL Id: hal-02317528 https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02317528 Submitted on 16 Oct 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. AVERTISSEMENT Ce document est le fruit d'un long travail approuvé par le jury de soutenance et mis à disposition de l'ensemble de la communauté universitaire élargie. Il est soumis à la propriété intellectuelle de l'auteur. Ceci implique une obligation de citation et de référencement lors de l’utilisation de ce document. D'autre part, toute contrefaçon, plagiat, reproduction illicite encourt une poursuite pénale. Contact : [email protected] LIENS Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 122. 4 Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 335.2- L 335.10 http://www.cfcopies.com/V2/leg/leg_droi.php http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/infos-pratiques/droits/protection.htm Université de Lorraine – ERUDI Master Mention Langues et Cultures Etrangères Spécialité Mondes anglophones, Parcours Tourisme culturel 2ème session 2016 Acronyms and Emoticons on a Popular Web Forum: Does Gender Makes a Difference? A Corpus-Based Study of Reddit Par Marie Flesch Sous la direction de Alex Boulton Table of contents Abstract Introduction……………………………………………………..………………......1 I. -
ARE YOU with ME? HOW ONLINE CONVERSANTS MAKE L33T CONNECTIONS C. Anne Engert
ARE YOU WITH ME? HOW ONLINE CONVERSANTS MAKE L33T CONNECTIONS C. Anne Engert R yuo a l33t h4x0r? Can j00 pwn n00bs? sites, l33t has been used to help identify its “1|=\| 0u |{4N r34|) t|-|15t|-|3N\| 0u i5 t3|-| user communities in an environment with |_337” (Blashki 81). If the preceding puzzles unique linguistic needs. Remarkable the reader, I can understand. My first especially for its streamlined nature, online encounter with l33t—a shortened form of conversation strips communication of all its elite, alternately written 1337, leet, or leet physical properties—gesture, inflection, and speak—left me feeling much the same way facial expression—so that text must stand about this online linguistic phenomenon. I alone. Of course, communication by the old- wanted to know more. As a student of fashioned written letter also uses only text, English literature and a lover of language, but that form of exchange does not operate what I found sent shivers up my spine: an with the immediacy of online communication alternate alphabet with as many as a dozen where real time, turn-based conversations options for each standard letter; a wildly between two or more persons, some half a shifting substitution-cipher approach to world apart, take place regularly. spelling that mixes letters, numbers, and other Furthermore, where letter writing allows for keyboard characters; a new morphology more expansive expression, online (patterns of word formation) with its own conversation favors quick, concise response. unique word endings; a dizzying array of Internet communication channels such as acronyms for conversational use. I had the Twitter actually limit users to messages of impression that a whole new language was one hundred forty characters or fewer. -
Male Vs. Female Emotional Expression in Text Messaging
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Undergraduate Honors Theses Honors College 2011 Male Vs. Female Emotional Expression in Text Messaging Stephanie Gruner Follow this and additional works at: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/honors_theses Part of the Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Ethnicity in Communication Commons Male Vs. Female Emotional Expression in Text Messaging Stephanie Gruner UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for obtaining UNDERGRADUATE DEPARTMENTAL HONORS Department of Communication Studies along with the Honors College at EASTERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY Charleston, Illinois 2011 I hereby recommend this thesis to be accepted as fulfilling the thesis requirement for obtaining Undergraduate Departmental Honors 12!;3/11 Date I Date f I I . .., j It_ I " I {I Date l DEPARTMENT CHAIR MALE VS. FEMALE 2 Abstract This study focused on gender differences in emotional expression in text messaging. It sought to discover whether men or women use more emotionally expressive tools and words in texts and whether the gender of the person receiving the message affects a person’s emotional expression when creating text messages. Fifty female and fifty male college students completed a two-part study in which they created text messages displaying particular emotions according to given scenarios. The participants were instructed to create each message as if they were texting a member of the same sex, and then a member of the opposite sex. A total of 1,400 text messages were analyzed to find that the data supported the hypothesis that gender differences in emotional expression in face-to-face communication are also present in computer-mediated communication because the average number and type of tools used to express each emotion varied according to the sex of the participant and the sex of his/her text message recipient. -
Comment Space
Comment Space by Geoffrey D. B. Glass M.A., Simon Fraser University, 2008 B.Sc., University of Toronto, 1995 Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Communication Faculty of Communication, Art and Technology Geoffrey D. B. Glass 2015 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Fall 2015 This thesis is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/. Approval Name: Geoffrey Glass Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (Communication) Title: Comment Space Examining Committee: Chair: Frederik Lesage Assistant Professor Andrew Feenberg Senior Supervisor Professor Stuart Poyntz Supervisor AssociateProfessor Maria Bakardjieva Supervisor Professor Faculty of Communication and Culture University of Calgary Richard Smith Internal Examiner Professor School of Communication Greg Elmer External Examiner Professor Radio TV Arts Ryerson University by video conference Date Defended/Approved: November 18, 2015 ii Abstract Reader comments are an online communication format defined by their marginality relative to a primary news or blog article. To investigate their distinctive technical features and social dynamics, I studied large-scale discussions in response to articles about two stories: the death of Aaron Swartz, and the outing of Edward Snowden as the NSA leaker. Using frame analysis and drawing on Hannah Arendt’s theories of judgment and public action, I describe how the these comments by ordinary people give meaning to political action and define a space of political legitimacy. iii Acknowledgements I wish to thank Drs. Andrew Feenberg, Maria Bakardjieva and Stuart Poyntz for their patience and insight. This research was assisted by a grant from the Social Sciences Research Council of Canada. -
Social Media?
Social Media? According to Merriam-Webster, Social Media are : forms of electronic communication (such as websites for social networking and microblogging) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content (such as pictures and videos) But what does this actually mean? Social media are websites or apps (or both) that allow you to share things with other people. On some sites you can post anonymously and you have as many accounts as you want (Twitter, Tumblr). Other sites limit you to a single personal account and you may have to prove your identity (Facebook, LinkedIn). Some types of social media are for sharing things with one or a few friends (WhatsApp) while others are for broadcasting to the world (Reddit, Pinterest) Social Media by Type Primarily a website YouTube, Facebook, LinkedIn, Reddit, Pinterest, Tumblr Primarily a phone app WhatsApp, Snapchat, Instagram, Signal, Telegram Primarily text Twitter Primarily photos Instagram, Snapchat, Pinterest Primarily one-on-one WhatsApp, Snapchat, Signal, Telegram Primarily public Reddit, YouTube, Tumblr, Pinterest, Tik-Tok Real names / numbers Facebook, LinkedIn, WhatsApp, Signal Anonymous Reddit, Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest, YouTube, Instagram, Tik-Tok Family & friends Facebook, WhatsApp, Snapchat, Skype, Signal, Telegram Strangers Twitter, Reddit, YouTube, Tumblr, Tik-Tok What Social Media Apps Should I Use? The answer to this is “what do you want to do?” Do you want to keep up with friends and family? Learn about new books being published? Keep on top of political events? Find and organize future projects? How you want to use social media is the main determinant of what social media you’ll want to try. -
Topics in Sociolinguistics and CMC
Marisa Brook Mondays and Thursdays & Emily Blamire 1:05 PM – 2:30 PM 381:381: TopicsTopics inin SociolinguisticsSociolinguistics andand CMCCMC Lecture 6: Language variation and creativity online July 11, 2019 LSA Institute, UC Davis Olson Hall 267 variation and creativity Before all else: we owe everyone an apology. We really dropped the ball on inclusion last time. The issue is that in the discussion of the Pavalanathan and Eisenstein (2015) paper, we displayed two slides that contained racially charged language and failed to acknowledge this. Two of these are spellings of a word referring to Black folks that is “still a racial epithet when used by whites” (Smitherman 1977:42, cf. Spears 1998:239, Widawski 2015:27). While African-Americans have the option of using it in a reclaimed way, no one else does (Smitherman 1977:42, cf. Spears 1998:239, Widawski 2015:27). 2 variation and creativity The study does not pinpoint who used these words and also says nothing about them. The decisions a) to make those words prominent on the slides and b) to not say anything about them were the wrong calls. It’s especially not okay for a white authority figure at the front of the classroom to just shrug this off. Here’s what we have done: we’ve removed the slides in question before posting the PowerPoint from Monday on Orbund, and we’re going to take a big step back from Eisenstein’s work here. 3 variation and creativity Thank you so much to those who spoke up about this and invited us to do better. -
Bishop Fox Cybersecurity Style Guide
BISHOP FOX CYBERSECURITY STYLE GUIDE VERSION 1.1 JUNE 27, 2018 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic License. Bishop Fox Contact Information: +1 (480) 621-8967 [email protected] 8240 S. Kyrene Road Suite A-113 Tempe, AZ 85284 Contributing Technical Editors: Brianne Hughes, Erin Kozak, Lindsay Lelivelt, Catherine Lu, Amanda Owens, Sarah Owens We want to thank all of our Bishop Fox consultants, especially Dan Petro, for reviewing and improving the guide’s technical content. Bishop Fox™ 2018/06/27 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome! ................................................................................................................................. 4 Advice on Technical Formatting ........................................................................................................ 5 What to Expect in the Guide .............................................................................................................. 6 The Cybersecurity Style Guide .............................................................................................. 7 A-Z .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Appendix A: Decision-making Notes .................................................................................. 96 How We Choose Our Terms ............................................................................................................96 How to Codify Your Own Terms ......................................................................................................97