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The Satrap of Western Anatolia and the Greeks
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks Eyal Meyer University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons Recommended Citation Meyer, Eyal, "The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2473. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2473 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2473 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks Abstract This dissertation explores the extent to which Persian policies in the western satrapies originated from the provincial capitals in the Anatolian periphery rather than from the royal centers in the Persian heartland in the fifth ec ntury BC. I begin by establishing that the Persian administrative apparatus was a product of a grand reform initiated by Darius I, which was aimed at producing a more uniform and centralized administrative infrastructure. In the following chapter I show that the provincial administration was embedded with chancellors, scribes, secretaries and military personnel of royal status and that the satrapies were periodically inspected by the Persian King or his loyal agents, which allowed to central authorities to monitory the provinces. In chapter three I delineate the extent of satrapal authority, responsibility and resources, and conclude that the satraps were supplied with considerable resources which enabled to fulfill the duties of their office. After the power dynamic between the Great Persian King and his provincial governors and the nature of the office of satrap has been analyzed, I begin a diachronic scrutiny of Greco-Persian interactions in the fifth century BC. -
Encyclopédie Berbère, 5 | 1988 Antalas 2
Encyclopédie berbère 5 | 1988 5 | Anacutas – Anti-Atlas Antalas G. Camps Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/encyclopedieberbere/2518 DOI : 10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.2518 ISSN : 2262-7197 Éditeur Peeters Publishers Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 avril 1988 Pagination : 706-708 ISBN : 2-85744-319-6 ISSN : 1015-7344 Référence électronique G. Camps, « Antalas », Encyclopédie berbère [En ligne], 5 | 1988, document A231, mis en ligne le 01 décembre 2012, consulté le 13 octobre 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ encyclopedieberbere/2518 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.2518 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 13 octobre 2020. © Tous droits réservés Antalas 1 Antalas G. Camps 1 Chef berbère du début de l’époque byzantine qui joua un rôle important lors des conflits du milieu du VIe siècle et que C. Courtois considérait comme le prince d’un « royaume de la Dorsale tunisienne », qui, comme d’autres principautés, se serait constitué pendant l’époque vandale. Les deux sources littéraires dont on dispose sont la Guerre des Vandales de Procope et la Johannide de Corippe qui donnent, l’un et l’autre, un récit détaillé des actions d’Antalas. 2 On sait qu’il était le fils de Guenfan, chef des Frexes, dont les Frechich (Frešiš) qui occupent les confins algéro-tunisiens entre Kasserine, Thala et Tébessa, ont conservé le nom. C. Courtois pense pouvoir dater de 510, sous le règne de Thrasamund, la constitution du royaume « maure » de la Dorsale sous l’autorité de Guenfan. Les forces principales sont celles des Frexes auxquelles s’ajoutent celles des Naffur. -
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Chapter 12 Aristocrats, Mercenaries, Clergymen and Refugees: Deliberate and Forced Mobility of Armenians in the Early Medieval Mediterranean (6th to 11th Century a.d.) Johannes Preiser-Kapeller 1 Introduction Armenian mobility in the early Middle Ages has found some attention in the scholarly community. This is especially true for the migration of individuals and groups towards the Byzantine Empire. A considerable amount of this re- search has focused on the carriers and histories of individual aristocrats or noble families of Armenian origin. The obviously significant share of these in the Byzantine elite has even led to formulations such as Byzantium being a “Greco-Armenian Empire”.1 While, as expected, evidence for the elite stratum is relatively dense, larger scale migration of members of the lower aristocracy (“azat”, within the ranking system of Armenian nobility, see below) or non- aristocrats (“anazat”) can also be traced with regard to the overall movement of groups within the entire Byzantine sphere. In contrast to the nobility, however, the life stories and strategies of individuals of these backgrounds very rarely can be reconstructed based on our evidence. In all cases, the actual signifi- cance of an “Armenian” identity for individuals and groups identified as “Ar- menian” by contemporary sources or modern day scholarship (on the basis of 1 Charanis, “Armenians in the Byzantine Empire”, passim; Charanis, “Transfer of population”; Toumanoff, “Caucasia and Byzantium”, pp. 131–133; Ditten, Ethnische Verschiebungen, pp. 124–127, 134–135; Haldon, “Late Roman Senatorial Elite”, pp. 213–215; Whitby, “Recruitment”, pp. 87–90, 99–101, 106–110; Isaac, “Army in the Late Roman East”, pp. -
Procopius, with an English Translation by H.B. Dewing
THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOCTNDED BY JAMES LOEB, LL.D. EDITED BY fT. E. PAGE, C.H., LITTJ). tE. CAPPS, PH.D., ix.D. tW. H. D. ROUSE, litt.d. L. A. POST, L.H.D. E. H. WARMIXGTON, m.a., f.b.hist.soc. PROCOPIUS V PROCOPIUS WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY H. B. DEWING rRESIDENT, ATHENS COLLKGE, GRIBCK IN SEVEN VOLUMES V HISTORY OF THE WARS, BOOKS VII {continued) and VIII LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS MCMLXII First printed 1928 Reprinted 1954, 1962 Printed in Great Britain CONTENTS VAOB HISTORY OF THE WARS— VII. —TH« GOTHIC WAR (^continued) 1 VIII. —THE GOTHIC WAR {continued) 149 INDEX 421 I : PROCOPIUS OF CAESAREA HISTORY OF THE VV^ARS BOOK VII THE GOTHIC WAR {continued) nPOKOniOY KAI2APEn2 TDEP TON nOAEMON AOFOS EBAOMOS XXXVI Mera 8e TovTi.\a<i airav eVi 'Pdofirjv to arpd- Tevfia Tjye, koI ey/^aOe^ofievoi; eh iroXiopKLav Kadiararo. irvyx^^^ ^^ YieXccrdpio^ Tpi<T^iXiov<; dpiaTivhrjv diroXe^dfievo^;, ovairep eVt tw 'Pay/irj^i (fivXaKTTjpca) fcaraa-Trjad/xei^o^ ^loyevjjv avToh dpxovTu, TMv 8opv(f)6p(i)i^ Tbiv avTov evu, eire- arrjcrev, dvSpa ^vverov re 8ia(j)€p6vTQ)<; koL dyaOov 2 rd TToXifiia. 8i6 Brj ^Popov nrjKO<i rrj npoa-eSpeia ravTrj erpi^ero. o'i re yap 7ro\iopKovp.evoi dpe- T?}? irepLOvaia tt/oo? diravra rov T6t6(ov (TTparov d^iofiaxot oWe? i(f)aivovTo nal Aioyeirrj'; e<? re to uKpiffe^ rfi (f>v\aKf] i-xpfJTo to? /xi] T19 KUKOvp- yrjacov iirl to Tet^o? toi ^ Koi iravTa'x^odi Trj<i TToXetw? aiTOu €VTo<i Tov 'irepLJ36\ov (nreipa^ evhelv 3 (T<f)iai rd eTrt,Ti]8eia (w? rjKia-ra eVotet. -
The Ruin of the Roman Empire
7888888888889 u o u o u o u THE o u Ruin o u OF THE o u Roman o u o u EMPIRE o u o u o u o u jamesj . o’donnell o u o u o u o u o u o u o hjjjjjjjjjjjk This is Ann’s book contents Preface iv Overture 1 part i s theoderic’s world 1. Rome in 500: Looking Backward 47 2. The World That Might Have Been 107 part ii s justinian’s world 3. Being Justinian 177 4. Opportunities Lost 229 5. Wars Worse Than Civil 247 part iii s gregory’s world 6. Learning to Live Again 303 7. Constantinople Deflated: The Debris of Empire 342 8. The Last Consul 364 Epilogue 385 List of Roman Emperors 395 Notes 397 Further Reading 409 Credits and Permissions 411 Index 413 About the Author Other Books by James J. O’ Donnell Credits Cover Copyright About the Publisher preface An American soldier posted in Anbar province during the twilight war over the remains of Saddam’s Mesopotamian kingdom might have been surprised to learn he was defending the westernmost frontiers of the an- cient Persian empire against raiders, smugglers, and worse coming from the eastern reaches of the ancient Roman empire. This painful recycling of history should make him—and us—want to know what unhealable wound, what recurrent pathology, what cause too deep for journalists and politicians to discern draws men and women to their deaths again and again in such a place. The history of Rome, as has often been true in the past, has much to teach us. -
The Armies of Belisarius and Narses
1 O’ROURKE: ARMIES OF BELISARIUS AND NARSES ARROW-STORMS AND CAVALRY PIKES WARFARE IN THE AGE OF JUSTINIAN I, AD 527-565 THE ARMIES OF BELISARIUS AND NARSES by Michael O’Rourke mjor (at) velocitynet (dot) com (dot) au Canberra Australia September 2009 1. Introduction: “Rhomanya” 2. Troop Numbers 3. Troop Types 4. Tactics 5. Selected Battles 6. Appendix: Arrows, Armour and Flesh “Rhomanya”: The Christian Roman Empire of the Greeks Having been conquered by the Romans, the Aramaic- and Greek-speaking Eastern Mediterranean lived for centuries under imperial rule. Its people had received full citizenship already in 212 AD. So the East Romans naturally called themselves Rhomaioi, the Greek for ‘Romans’. The term Rhomanya [Greek hê Rhômanía:‘Ρ ω µ α ν ’ι α ] was in use already in the 300s (Brown 1971: 41). Middle period examples denoting the ‘Eastern’ Empire are found in the 600s - as in the Doctrina Jacobi - and in the 800s in various entries in the chronicle of Theophanes (fl. 810: e.g. his entry for AD 678). Although we do not find the name Rhômanía in Procopius, fl. AD 550, or in Anna Comnena, fl. 1133, it does occur in the writings of emperor Constantine Porphyrogenitus, fl. 955. The later medieval West, after AD 800, preferred the style ‘Greek Empire’. After 1204 the Latins used the term Romania to refer generally to the Empire and more specifically to the lower Balkans (thus English ‘Rumney wine’, Italian vino di Romania). Our own name Rumania/Romania, for the state on the northern side of the Danube, was chosen in 1859. -
Heraclius Emperor of Byzantium
HERACLIUS EMPEROR OF BYZANTIUM WALTER E. KAEGI PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB21RP, United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 2ru,UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alarcon´ 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Walter E. Kaegi 2003 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions ofrelevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction ofany part may take place without the written permission ofCambridge University Press. First published 2003 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typeface Adobe Garamond 11/12.5 pt. System LATEX 2ε [TB] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Kaegi, Walter Emil. Heraclius: emperor ofByzantium / Walter E. Kaegi. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 0 521 81459 6 1. Heraclius, Emperor ofthe East, ca. 575–641. 2. Byzantine Empire–History–Heraclius, 610–641. 3. Emperors–Byzantine Empire–Biography. I. Title. DF574 .K34 2002 949.5 013 092 –dc21 [B] 2002023370 isbn 0 521 81459 6 hardback Contents List of maps page vi List of figures vii Acknowledgments viii List of abbreviations x Introduction 1 1 Armenia and Africa: the formative years 19 2 Internal and external challenges -
Corippus's Route to Constantinople, the Political Function of Panegyrics at the Court of Justin II and Sophia
David Lee Eichert Corippus's Route to Constantinople, the Political Function of Panegyrics at the Court of Justin II and Sophia MA Thesis in Comparative History, with a specialization in Interdisciplinary Medieval Studies. Central European University Budapest May 2017 CEU eTD Collection Corippus's Route to Constantinople, the Political Function of Panegyrics at the Court of Justin II and Sophia by David Lee Eichert (United States of America) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Comparative History, with a specialization in Interdisciplinary Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ Chair, Examination Committee ____________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________________ Examiner ____________________________________________ Examiner CEU eTD Collection Budapest May 2017 Corippus's Route to Constantinople, the Political Function of Panegyrics at the Court of Justin II and Sophia by David Lee Eichert (United States of America) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Comparative History, with a specialization in Interdisciplinary Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ External Reader Budapest CEU eTD Collection May 2017 Corippus's Route to Constantinople, the Political Function of Panegyrics at the Court of Justin II and Sophia by David Lee Eichert (United States of America) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Comparative History, with a specialization in Interdisciplinary Medieval Studies. -
Byzantine Names for SCA Personae
1 A Short (and rough) Guide to Byzantine Names for SCA personae This is a listing of names that may be useful for constructing Byzantine persona. Having said that, please note that the term „Byzantine‟ is one that was not used in the time of the Empire. They referred to themselves as Romans. Please also note that this is compiled by a non-historian and non-linguist. When errors are detected, please let me know so that I can correct them. Additional material is always welcomed. It is a work in progress and will be added to as I have time to research more books. This is the second major revision and the number of errors picked up is legion. If you have an earlier copy throw it away now. Some names of barbarians who became citizens are included. Names from „client states‟ such as Serbia and Bosnia, as well as adversaries, can be found in my other article called Names for other Eastern Cultures. In itself it is not sufficient documentation for heraldic submission, but it will give you ideas and tell you where to start looking. The use of (?) means that either I have nothing that gives me an idea, or that I am not sure of what I have. If there are alternatives given of „c‟, „x‟ and „k‟ modern scholarship prefers the „k‟. „K‟ is closer to the original in both spelling and pronunciation. Baron, OP, Strategos tous notious okeanous, known to the Latins as Hrolf Current update 12/08/2011 Family Names ............................................................. 2 Male First Names ....................................................... -
' L\IA.TASUNTHA OR.L\Fastin AS:~ ...~.~.. AREATTRIBUTION
.' l\IA.TASUNTHA OR.l\fASTIN AS:~ ... .~.~.. AREATTRIBUTION BY PHILIP GRIERSON REPRINTED FRO1\! THE "NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE" SIXTH SERIES. VOL. XIX 1959 MATASUNTHA OR MASTINAS: AREATTRIBUTION I THE death in A.D. 534 of Athalaric, king of the Ostrogoths, left his mother and sister, named respectively Amalasuntha and Matasuntha, as the only surviving descendants of the great Theoderic. Athalaric was succeeded by a cousin Theodahad, who murdered Amalasuntha and was in turn (536) overthrown and murdered by Witigis. The latter allied himself to the house of Theoderic by marrying Mata- suntha, and for four years they reigned together in Italy. Witigis sur- rendered to Belisarius in May 540, and his death two years later in honourable captivity left Matasuntha a young and attractive widow. In 550 she was remarried to Germanus, nephew and possible suc- cessor of Justinian, and it was hoped by some that their union would hasten the end of the Gothic war and reconcile the Goths to imperial rule, But Germanus died in Autumn 550, as he was on the point of invading Italy, and his posthumous son, another Germanus, was born too late to fulfil these aspirations. He lived to hold high rank at the Byzantine court, where his daughter married the son of the Emperor Maurice,: and he ultimately shared the latter's fate in being put td death by the tyrant Phocas. The date of Matasuntha's death is unknown.! ') In 1835 Joachim Lelewel published a silver coin in the Cabinet des Medailles at Brussels which he attributed to the Gothic queen. I The obverse bore the head and title of Justinian, or rather what in the poor state of that particular specimen had to be construed as such; the reverse showed a monogram within a wreath. -
The Vandals and Sarmatians in a New Perspective
CM 2017 ombrukket 7.qxp_CM 09.02.2018 12:41 Side 233 The Vandals and Sarmatians in a New Perspective ROMAN ZAROFF This study discusses the relations between the peoples known as Sarmatians, Alans, Vandals, and other groups in the context of fluid identities and political affinities of Late Antiquity and early medieval Europe. It is argued that the Van- dals underwent a substantial transformation from being dominantely farmers to centre on horse breeding and mounted warfare. In this process, Sarmatian and Alanian influence on the Vandals was crucial. One could speak of a ‘Sarma- tisation’ of Vandal warfare, economy, dressing, and conduct, but also of a Vandal confederation of identities to which other ‘barbarian’ peoples could be con- nected. Introduction The term Vandals denotes an ethnically mixed tribal confederation centred on the Germanic tribe of Vandals who during the 3rd and 4th century C.E. ravaged the Roman frontier and provinces, and who in the early 5th century settled in the north African provinces of the Roman Empire (Schmidt 1964: 308). The history of the Vandals is a widely researched subject with a large body of books, monographs and papers. Therefore, there is no need to elaborate on the history of the Vandals here. however, most of the works written by scholars and researchers in the English, German and french-speaking world focus on Vandals in the context of the Germanic Migration in Late Antiquity and its impact on the Roman Empire. It is often omitted or down- played that sometime from 418 C.E. onward, the rulers of the Vandals were called Rex Vandalorum and Alanorum – King of Vandals and Alans. -
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire: Volume IV by Edward Gibbon
HISTORY OF THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE By Edward Gibbon VOLUME IV This is volume four of the six volumes of Edward Gibbon's History Of The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire. I will be scanning and putting out on the net the remaining volumes as I find time to do this. So have patience. If you find any errors please feel free to notify me of them. I want to make this the best etext edition possible for both scholars and the general public. [email protected] and [email protected] are my email addresses for now. Please feel free to send me your comments and I hope you enjoy this. David Reed History Of The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire Edward Gibbon, Esq. With notes by the Rev. H. H. Milman Vol. 4 1782 (Written), 1845 (Revised) Chapter XXXIX: Gothic Kingdom Of Italy. Part I. Zeno And Anastasius, Emperors Of The East. - Birth, Education, And First Exploits Of Theodoric The Ostrogoth. - His Invasion And Conquest Of Italy. - The Gothic Kingdom Of Italy. - State Of The West. - Military And Civil Government. - The Senator Boethius. - Last Acts And Death Of Theodoric. After the fall of the Roman empire in the West, an interval of fifty years, till the memorable reign of Justinian, is faintly marked by the obscure names and imperfect annals of Zeno, Anastasius, and Justin, who successively ascended to the throne of Constantinople. During the same period, Italy revived and flourished under the government of a Gothic king, who might have deserved a statue among the best and bravest of the ancient Romans.