HUMANITARIAN 2017 NEEDS OVERVIEW UNITED NATIONS AND PARTNERS HUMANITARIAN COUNTRY TEAM DEC 2016 MYANMAR Credit: Reuters/Soe Zeya Tun Indian Line ARUNACHAL PRADESH BHUTAN Chinese Line utra Bhramap KACHIN KACHIN 104,000 people targeted (including 87,000 IDPs) INDIA 53% CHINA 48% 7% SAGAING SHAN 19,000 people targeted Irrawaddy (including 11,000 IDPs) 53% BANGLADESH 50% VIET NAM CHIN SHAN 12% g on Salween ek M MANDALAY LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC RAKHINE NAY PYI TAW MAGWAY 02 KAYAH BAGO RAKHINE AYEYARWADY 402,000 people targeted KAYIN C (including 120,000 IDPs) h a YANGON o P THAILAND 51% h r Bay a y of a 52% MON Bengal 3% People targeted TANINTHARYI CAMBODIA % of IDPs by sex and age Women & girls Children (< 18 years) Elderly (> 60 years) 250 km humanitarian NEEDS & KEY FIGURES HUMANITARIAN NEEDS & KEY FIGURES About 218,000 displaced people, of which 78 percent are women and children, remain in camps or camp- like situations in Kachin, Shan and Rakhine. This includes 87,000 people in Kachin and 11,000 in Shan who were displaced as a result of the armed conflict that resumed in 2011 and that continues to displace people. It also includes about 120,000 in Rakhine who were displaced as a result of the inter-communal tensions and violence that erupted in 2012. In addition, there are particularly vulnerable non-displaced people who continue to require special attention and/or support as a result of different factors including, amongst others, armed conflict, movement restrictions and severe malnutrition. To address these needs, combinations of different types of support may be needed from a range of actors involved in humanitarian, development, human rights and peace-building activities. Humanitarian action may be one of several components in a comprehensive approach to addressing the short, medium and long-term needs and human rights of vulnerable communities. HUMANITARIAN NEEDS 03 Meeting needs of Access to services Protection of civilians Strengthening displaced people and and livelihoods for In Kachin and Shan, national capacities searching for durable vulnerable people protection concerns from and building resilience 1solutions 2In Kachin, Shan and Rakhine, 3ongoing internal armed conflict 4of communities affected by Approximately 218,000 people – there are vulnerable people include continued displacement natural disasters of which 78 per cent are women (both displaced and non- of civilians, violations of Myanmar is one of the countries and children – remain displaced displaced) who lack access to international humanitarian at highest risk of natural as a result of the armed conflict services and livelihoods as a and human rights law, gender- disasters in South-East Asia. that resumed in Kachin and result of factors such as armed based violence and grave There is a continued need Shan in 2011 and the inter- conflict, inter-communal violations against children. for an integrated approach communal violence that started tensions, movement restrictions Humanitarian access within to strengthen the resilience in Rakhine in 2012. Many IDPs and restrictive policies and beyond the Government of communities; to enhance living in camps or camp-like or practices. In Rakhine, controlled areas dramatically national capacity to prepare for situations remain dependent service provision remains deteriorated in 2016, reducing and respond to natural disasters on humanitarian assistance to unequal, largely as a result of affected people’s access to and other emergencies; and meet basic needs. For some, new movement restrictions humanitarian assistance as to support the Government in this is a result of the continued applicable to Muslims that well as protection monitoring. meeting urgent humanitarian movement restrictions, while for were introduced in at least In Rakhine, statelessness, needs of people affected by others it relates largely to limited eight townships in 2012. This movement restrictions, lack of natural disasters. The World livelihoods opportunities. In puts many people at risk, access to essential services (such Humanitarian Summit the camps, displaced people particularly those in need of as health and education), lack reaffirmed the need to reinforce continue to live in over-crowded urgent life-saving medical of access to civil documents, national and local leadership; conditions in long-houses that attention. Women and girls face gender-based violence, human ensure local actors – in were meant to be temporary. particular challenges due to the trafficking, family separation particular women’s groups and For those people who have risk of gender-based violence. and physical insecurity remain representatives – are consulted, been given no option but to In the northern part of Rakhine, serious protection concerns, supported and funded; ensure remain in camps, there is a need movement restrictions have compounded by discrimination, women, children, youth, to ensure that they are able to also impacted the health and marginalization and segregation persons with disabilities, older live there in safety and with nutrition status of Muslims, of the concerned population. persons and other vulnerable dignity. Meanwhile, priority with malnutrition rates above Many children in Rakhine groups benefit from targeted must continue to be given to the emergency thresholds in have not been issued with support; work with the private search for durable solutions for Buthidaung and Maungdaw birth certificates since the sector; use modern technology; displaced people and initiatives townships. While restrictive 1990s, further restricting their and increase the use of cash- aimed at ending displacement policies and practices continue, rights and increasing their based programming where and promoting self-reliance and humanitarian needs will persist, vulnerability. appropriate in the context. early recovery. requiring continued support to ensure access to life-saving services. humanitarian NEEDS & KEY FIGURES TOTAL POPULATION 51.5M NUMBER OF PEOPLE LIVING IN CONFLICT-AFFECTED AREAS1 6.4M BY STATUS NUMBER OF PEOPLE WHO NEED HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE 525,448 INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS NON-DISPLACED PERSONS 217,514 307,934 IN CAMPS, COLLECTIVE CENTRE IN HOST OTHER CRISIS AFFECTED PEOPLE AND OR SELF-SETTLED FAMILIES HOST COMMUNITIES 204,010 13,504 307,934 04 INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE (BY AGE AND SEX) AGE AND SEX DATA AVAILABLE FOR 83,600 IDPS KACHIN/SHAN AGE AND SEX DATA AVAILABLE FOR 110,100 IDPS IN RAKHINE CHILDREN ADULT ELDERLY CHILDREN ADULT ELDERLY (<18 YEARS) (18-60 YEARS) (>60 YEARS) (<18 YEARS) (18-60 YEARS) (>60 YEARS) 40,700 37,000 5,900 57,200 49,200 3,700 TOTAL MALE TOTAL FEMALE TOTAL TOTAL MALE TOTAL FEMALE TOTAL 39,700 43,900 83,600 56,400 53,700 110,100 1. This includes townships covered by the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement; townships where ethnic armed groups have a presence; and townships affected by inter-communal violence in Rakhine State Impact OF THE CRISIS IMPACT OF THE CRISIS In Rakhine, inter-communal tensions, as well as constraints on freedom of movement and restrictive policies and practices, continue to affect both displaced people in camps and people living in surrounding communities, and the large population in the northern part of Rakhine State. Many Muslim women and men, girls and boys do not have adequate access to health care, education and other basic services due to ongoing restrictions on their freedom of movement. In the northern part of Rakhine, rates of malnutrition are above WHO emergency thresholds. Elsewhere in Rakhine, while a Government-led project supported the return or relocation of about 25,000 people in 2015-16, some 120,000 IDPs remain confined in camps where they are largely dependent on humanitarian aid. The protracted situation continues to expose people to the dangers of risky migration. In Kachin and Shan, armed conflict has continued, causing pockets of new and secondary displacement and putting many civilians at risk, with allegations of continued human rights violations. As a result, about 98,000 people are still displaced and many people are living in fear. Landmines and explosive remnants of war also continue to pose a threat to civilians. Flash floods in some parts of Myanmar in July and August 2016 exacerbated many of these existing vulnerabilities. 05 Drivers and underlying factors as protracted conflicts. If left unaddressed, these challenges pose significant risks to Myanmar’s stability and progress on The humanitarian situation in Myanmar is characterized by sustainable development. People in Myanmar remain highly a complex combination of vulnerability to natural disasters, vulnerable to natural disasters. The floods in 2016 temporarily food and nutrition insecurity, armed conflict, inter-communal displaced more than half a million people and exacerbated tensions, statelessness, displacement, trafficking and many of the existing vulnerabilities in the country, migration. The situation is compounded by chronic poverty particularly in terms of food security. and underlying structural inequalities and discrimination, including on the basis of gender, ethnicity and religion, which In recent years, efforts to address structural gender inequality exacerbates needs and vulnerabilities of affected people in and discrimination in the public and private spheres in many parts of the country. Myanmar have multiplied. However, according to the World Bank, significant gender disparities persist across the country. A new government led by the National League for Democracy Myanmar is ranked 85