Direito Da Moda Vol. I

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Direito Da Moda Vol. I C C C C M M M M Y Y Y Y CM CM CM CM MY MY MY MY CY CY CY CY CMY CMY CMY CMY K K K K DIREITO DA MODA VOL. I DIREITO DA MODA VOL. I COORDENAÇÃO LÍGIA CARVALHO ABREU FRANCISCO PEREIRA COUTINHO DIREITO DA MODA COORDENAÇÃO LÍGIA CARVALHO ABREU FRANCISCO PEREIRA COUTINHO EDIÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE NOVA DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE DIREITO CEDIS, CENTRO DE I & D SOBRE DIREITO E SOCIEDADE Campus de Campolide 1099-032 Lisboa PORTUGAL EXECUÇÃO GRÁFICA ASPRINT-Apolinário Silva Unipessoal, Lda. FEVEREIRO 2019 DEPÓSITO LEGAL 452004/19 ISBN 978-972-99399-7-6 TIRAGEM 300 EXEMPLARES Os dados e as opiniões inseridos na presente publicação são da exclusiva responsabilidade do(s) seus(s) autor(es). Toda a reprodução desta obra, por fotocópia ou outro qualquer processo, sem prévia autorização escrita do editor, é ilícita e passível de procedimento judicial contra o infrator. Índice 7 Nota de Apresentação 11 Lígia Carvalho Abreu – Os Princípios do Direito da Moda e sua relevância na Construção e Autonomia de uma nova Disciplina Jurídica 33 Luís Couto Gonçalves – Moda e Marca 53 Ana Afonso – Contrato de Licença de Exploração de Marca 81 Catarina Crespo – A Proteção do Trade Dress na Indústria da Moda 103 Patrícia Rento – Proteção do Bordado de Arraiolos e a sua Apropriação por Empresas de Moda 117 Alexandra Vilela / Inês Godinho – As Infrações Relacionadas com o Direito da Moda 139 Regina Ferreira de Souza – Moda e Direito Penal: A Construção da Legislação Brasileira sobre Joias e a Influência de Portugal 157 Ana Clara Azevedo de Amorim – A Aplicação do Regime Jurídico da Publicidade ao Sector da Moda – Algumas Questões 185 Letícia Marques Costa – E-commerce Aplicado à Moda 199 Joana Whyte – Direito da Concorrência à la Mode 6 | DIREITO DA MODA 229 Maria Odete Oliveira – Temáticas Fiscais Atuais na Indústria da Moda 255 Rhayza Vieira Berlanza – O Trabalho na Indústria Têxtil em Condições Análogas à Escravatura e o Dumping Social 275 João Fraga de Castro – A Sustentabilidade nos Contratos com a Administração Pública e nos Contratos Individuais de Trabalho Nota de Apresentação FRANCISCO PEREIRA COUTINHO* “Se já temos direito do desporto; na verdade, se já oferecemos dois cursos sobre direito do desporto, por que razão não podemos ter um curso sobre direito da moda?” A pergunta retórica foi colocada pela direção da Faculdade de Direito de Fordham, nos Estados Unidos da América1, e esteve na origem da abertura, em 2008, do primeiro curso de direito da moda (Fashion Law) numa escola de Direito2. Seguiram-se várias edições do mesmo curso e, alguns anos depois, o primeiro mestrado em direito da moda3. Em meados de 2016 encontrei casualmente na internet o projeto Fashion Law – When fashion meets fundamental rights4, fundado pela minha colega jusinternacionalista Lígia Carvalho Abreu. Apresentando-se a Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, desde a sua fundação em 1997, “como um polo inovador no desenvolvimento da ciência jurídica”, através designadamente da “lecionação de novas disciplinas”5, propus à Lígia Carvalho Abreu a organização em parceria de um curso sobre direito da moda na * Professor da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Nova de Lisboa e Membro do CEDIS. 1 Retirado de https://fashionlawinstitute.com/about (acedido a 3 de novembro de 2018). 2 Jimenez, 2014, p. 2, que acrescenta que a designação fashion law terá sido utilizada, pela primeira vez, em 2006, num curso do “Fashion Institute of Technology”. 3 Sobre este mestrado, v. https://www.fordham.edu/info/23328/msl_in_fashion_law (acedido a 3 de novembro de 2018). 4 Disponível em http://www.fashionmeetsrights.com/ (acedido a 3 de novembro de 2018). 5 Art. 2.º, n.º 1, dos Estatutos da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Nova de Lisboa – Nova School of Law, publicados em anexo ao Despacho n.º 4778/2018, de 26 de abril, da Reitoria da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Diário da República, 2.ª série, n.º 93, de 15 de maio de 2018, p. 13549. A Nova Direito foi, por exemplo, a primeira faculdade de direito portuguesa a oferecer na licenciatura a disciplina de direito do desporto, no ano letivo 2005/2006 [v. https://www.fd.unl.pt/Anexos/10892_2.pdf (acedido a 3 de novembro de 2018)]. 8 | FRANCISCO PEREIRA COUTINHO Nova Direito. Esta obra coletiva, coordenada por mim e pela Lígia Carvalho Abreu e editada pelo CEDIS – Centro de I & D sobre Direito e Sociedade da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Nova de Lisboa com o apoio do Instituto de Investigação Jurídica da Universidade Lusófona do Porto e da Jurisnova – Associações de Professores da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, constitui o corolário natural do sucesso do curso, que teve edições em 2017 e em 20186. O livro inicia-se com um artigo de Lígia Carvalho Abreu em que se expõem os princípios fundamentais do direito da moda a partir de uma ampla delimitação do âmbito material da disciplina que engloba a regulação da produção, criação e comercialização de peças de moda. O resultado desta abordagem conceptual é uma caleidoscópica abrangência temática que per- mite a inclusão no âmbito material do direito da moda de questões jurídicas de direito privado e público “tão diversas como o impacto ambiental e social da produção de bens e matérias-primas, as relações laborais, a proteção de criações originais, de invenções novas ou das marcas, os contratos comerciais, as relações de concorrência, a publicidade, os limites da imagem como obra artística e a imagem como direito da pessoa retratada ou da pessoa modelo” (Carvalho Abreu, 2019: 12). Uma vez que “o núcleo essencial do direito da moda gravita à volta da propriedade intelectual, em sentido amplo” (Couto Gonçalves, 2019: 34), o primeiro e principal grupo de artigos incluídos nesta obra debruça-se sobre temas de propriedade industrial como a relação entre a moda e os regimes jurídicos da marca (Luís Couto Gonçalves), do contrato de licença de explo- ração de marca (Ana Afonso), do trade dress (Catarina Crespo), da proteção dos bordados de Arraiolos (Patrícia Rento) e das infrações a direitos de pro- priedade industrial (Alexandra Vilela e Inês Godinho) (Regina Ferreira de Sousa). Num segundo grupo de textos abordam-se sucessivamente a relação entre a moda e a publicidade (Ana Amorim), o comércio eletrónico (Letícia Marques), o direito da concorrência (Joana Whyte), o direito fiscal (Maria Odete Oliveira), o direito internacional do trabalho (Rhayza Vieira Berlanza) e a contratação pública (João Fraga de Castro). Para terminar, são ainda devidos agradecimentos aos bolseiros do CEDIS, Daniela Pereira da Silva e João Azevedo, pelo auxílio prestado na revisão de 6 O programa dos cursos pode ser consultado em https://www.fd.unl.pt/Anexos/11374 e em https://www. fd.unl.pt/Anexos/12246.pdf pdf (acedido a 3 de novembro de 2018). NOTA DE APRESENTAÇÃO | 9 textos e, em particular, a todos os autores por terem aceitado o nosso desa- fio de participarem no primeiro livro editado em Portugal sobre direito da moda. Braga, 3 de novembro de 2018. Referências bibliográficas Carvalho Abreu, Lígia (2019). “Os Princípios do Direito da Moda e sua Relevância na Construção e Autonomia de uma nova Disciplina Jurídica”, in Lígia Carvalho Abreu e Francisco Pereira Coutinho (eds.), Direito da Moda, CEDIS, Lisboa, 2019, pp. 11-32. Couto Gonçalves, Luís (2019). “Moda e Marca”, in Lígia Carvalho Abreu e Francisco Pereira Coutinho (eds.), Direito da Moda, CEDIS, Lisboa, 2019, pp. 33-51. Jimenez, Guillermo C. (2014). “A Survey of Fashion Law: Key Issues and Trends”, in Guillermo C. Jimenez e Barbara Kolsun (eds), Fashion Law: a Guide for Designers, Fashion Executives, and Attorneys, 2.ª Edição, Bloomsbury, Nova Iorque, 2014, pp. 1-24. Os Princípios do Direito da Moda e sua relevância na Construção e Autonomia de uma nova Disciplina Jurídica LÍGIA CARVALHO ABREU* Resumo: Uma análise profunda das grandes problemáticas do mundo da moda conduz- nos à definição e aplicação, a esta realidade, dos princípios do desenvolvimento sustentável, da rastreabilidade e divulgação da origem, da dignidade da pessoa humana, da igualdade e não discriminação, da dignidade animal, da não apropriação cultural e do respeito dos direitos de propriedade intelectual dos criadores de moda. É esta análise que nos permite determinar o que é o direito da moda, quais as suas fontes, conteúdo e natureza jurídica, numa clara intenção de incentivar a investigação jurídica neste domínio e de oferecer um contributo para a afirmação de uma nova disciplina jurídica. Palavras-Chave: direito da moda; natureza jurídica; princípios; autonomia Abstract: An in-depth analysis of the major problems in the fashion world leads us to define and apply, to this reality, the principles of sustainable development, traceability and disclosure of origin, dignity of the human person, equality and non-discrimination, animal dignity, non- appropriation of cultural elements and respect for the rights of intellectual property of fashion designers. It is this analysis that allows us to determine what fashion law is, what its sources, content and legal nature are, in a clear intention to encourage legal research in this field and to offer a contribution to the affirmation of a new legal discipline. Keywords: fashion law; legal nature; principles; autonomy * Professora associada da Faculdade de Direito e Ciência Política da Universidade Lusófona do Porto, vice- -diretora do Instituto de Investigação Jurídica da ULP (I2J), docente e coordenadora do curso breve em Direito da Moda da Jurisnova, docente convidada da Universidade Católica do Porto (PG Direito da Moda) e do Instituto Universitário da Maia (ISMAI), investigadora do CEDIS da Universidade Nova de Lisboa e consultora jurídica. Doutorada pela Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Genebra. Email: [email protected]. 12 | LÍGIA CARVALHO ABREU INTRODUÇÃO O direito da moda é uma disciplina jurídica que incide sobre o estudo das relações jurídicas subjacentes à criação de moda.
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