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UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ Setor De Ciências Biológicas Departamento De Zoologia UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ Setor de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Zoologia Murilo Zanetti Marochi Variabilidade morfológica, genética, ontogenia e fisiologia de caranguejos semi-terrestres estuarinos (Crustacea, Decapoda, Sesarmidae) Curitiba 2017 Murilo Zanetti Marochi Variabilidade morfológica, genética, ontogenia e fisiologia de caranguejos semi-terrestres estuarinos (Crustacea, Decapoda, Sesarmidae) Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciências Biológicas – Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências, área de concentração Zoologia. Orientadora: Dra. Setuko Masunari CURITIBA 2017 “A frase mais deliciosa de se ouvir na Ciência, aquela que anuncia descobertas, não é Eureka, mas... Que engraçado" Isaac Asimov “Dedico este trabalho aos meus pais e irmão, Hamilton, Cláudia e Marcos, pelo apoio, carinho e compreensão; a todos os amigos pela ajuda e conselhos e a minha companheira Ariane pelo carinho e auxilio em todos os momentos.” Agradecimentos À Universidade Federal do Paraná que através do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia forneceu toda a estrutura para a elaboração desse estudo; Ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq pela bolsa concedida; Ao Ministério do Meio Ambiente, através do Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, pelas licenças concedidas para coleta de material biológico (números: 34355-1 e 42931-1); À professora Drª. Setuko Masunari, pela ajuda, conselhos, conhecimentos transmitidos e orientação em todos esses anos; Ao professor Dr. Chrsitoph Daniel Schubart, pela ajuda, conselhos, conhecimentos transmitidos, orientação e amizade durante o doutorado sanduíche; A todos os membros da banca por terem aceitado o convite de avaliar este trabalho, suas considerações serão imprecindiveis para o aperfeiçoamento dessa tese; À Dra. Odete Lopez Lopes, curadora do Museu de História Natural do Capão da Imbuia, Curitiba, Paraná, pela amizade e por prontamente depositar todo o material coletado na coleção da instituição; Aos meus pais Hamilton e Cláudia por me darem todo carinho suporte e ajuda em todos os momentos; À minha amiga, companheira e noiva Ariane, por estar sempre ao meu lado. Além de todo o carinho e compreensão em todas as etapas do doutorado; As colegas do Laboratório de Ecologia de Crustacea Renata, Carolina e Isis por toda a amizade e companheirismo, além de toda a ajuda com fotografias, marcações de pontos e opiniões durante todo o período do doutorado; À minha amiga de laboratório e companheira de coleta e de doutorado sanduíche Salise, por toda ajuda e companheirismo em todas as etapas; À minha colega de doutorado, co-autora de um dos capítulos e amiga Giovana, por toda a ajuda, conhecimentos transmitidos e amizade; Aos ex-membros do Laboratório de Ecologia de Crustacea e também amigos André e Mariana, por toda ajuda e amizade; Ao Marcelo, pela amizade e ajuda com as análises do trabalho; A todos os membros do Institut für Zoologie, Regensburg, Alemanha, pelo suporte e amizade durante o período do doutorado sanduíche, em especial Nicolas, Theodor, Felipe e Ivana; A todas as pessoas que auxiliaram durante todas as fases de campo; Aos amigos do Programa de Pòs-Graduação em Zoologia da UFPR Amanda, Henrique, Sandra, Lívia, por toda a amizade e ajuda; Aos amigos/irmãos Guilhermo, Tiago e Pedro, pela amizade e companheirismo; A todos os servidores e técnicos da UFPR pelo trabalho e serviços indispensáveis para o funcionamento e limpeza do ambiente de trabalho; Ao “seu” Luíz por sempre informar o cardápio do restaurante universitário de maneira bem humorada; Aos membros da banca avaliadora Tânia Marcia Costa, Maurício Moura, José Franciso de Oliveira Neto, Cassiana Metri Baptista e Janete Duiaski da Silva pelos valorosos comentários e excelentes sugestões que elevaram a qualidade da tese; À todos que contribuíram direta ou indiretamente para realização deste trabalho, o meu MUITO OBRIGADO. Sumário LISTA DE TABELAS..................................................................................... .X LISTA DE FIGURAS.................................................................................... XII RESUMO GERAL ........................................................................................ 16 ABSTRACT GERAL ..................................................................................... 18 INTRODUÇÃO GERAL................................................................................. 20 OBJETIVO GERAL ...................................................................................... 30 REFERÊNCIAS ............................................................................................ 31 CONCLUSÕES GERAIS .............................................................................. 167 REFERÊNCIAS GERAIS ............................................................................. 168 CHAPTER I: Effect of salinity on local dispersion in the tree-climbing crab Aratus pisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) (Decapoda: Brachyura) ………….................................................................................................... 36 ABSTRACT ........................................................................................ 37 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................. 38 MATERIAL AND METHODS................................................................. 40 RESULTS............................................................................................ 43 DISCUSSION....................................................................................... 45 REFERENCES...................................................................................... 49 CHAPTER II: Sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic allometry in Aratus pisonii (Crustacea: Brachyura) .................................................................. 53 ABSTRACT ........................................................................................ 54 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................. 55 MATERIAL AND METHODS................................................................. 57 RESULTS............................................................................................ 60 DISCUSSION....................................................................................... 66 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................... 71 REFERENCES...................................................................................... 72 CHAPTER III: Relative growth, ontogenetic allometry and sexual dimorphism of Armases rubripes (Rathbun, 1897) (Decapoda: Sesarmidae) .................................................................................................................... 77 ABSTRACT ........................................................................................ 78 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................. 79 MATERIAL AND METHODS................................................................. 80 RESULTS............................................................................................ 85 DISCUSSION....................................................................................... 93 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................... 99 REFERENCES.................................................................................... 100 CHAPTER IV: Genetic and morphological differentiation of the semi- terrestrial crab Armases angustipes (Brachyura: Sesarmidae) along the Brazilian coast ......................................................................................... 104 ABSTRACT ...................................................................................... 105 INTRODUCTION................................................................................ 106 MATERIAL AND METHODS............................................................... 109 RESULTS.......................................................................................... 117 DISCUSSION..................................................................................... 125 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................. 133 REFERENCES.................................................................................... 134 CHAPTER V: Does water deprivation affect mother physiology, embryonic development or hatching eggs in semi-terrestrial crabs?.......................... 140 ABSTRACT ...................................................................................... 141 INTRODUCTION................................................................................ 142 MATERIAL AND METHODS............................................................... 145 RESULTS.......................................................................................... 148 DISCUSSION..................................................................................... 153 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................. 160 REFERENCES.................................................................................... 162 Lista de Tabelas CHAPTER 2 Table 1 – T test results comparing body parts size (centroid size) of females and males of Aratus pisonii………………………………............................................................
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