Chemically-Mediated Interactions in Salt Marshes
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The Role of Temperature in Survival of the Polyp Stage of the Tropical Rhizostome Jelly®Sh Cassiopea Xamachana
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, L 222 (1998) 79±91 The role of temperature in survival of the polyp stage of the tropical rhizostome jelly®sh Cassiopea xamachana William K. Fitt* , Kristin Costley Institute of Ecology, Bioscience 711, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA Received 27 September 1996; received in revised form 21 April 1997; accepted 27 May 1997 Abstract The life cycle of the tropical jelly®sh Cassiopea xamachana involves alternation between a polyp ( 5 scyphistoma) and a medusa, the latter usually resting bell-down on a sand or mud substratum. The scyphistoma and newly strobilated medusa (5 ephyra) are found only during the summer and early fall in South Florida and not during the winter, while the medusae are found year around. New medusae originate as ephyrae, strobilated by the polyp, in late summer and fall. Laboratory experiments showed that nematocyst function, and the ability of larvae to settle and metamorphose change little during exposure to temperatures between 158C and up to 338C. However, tentacle length decreased and ability to transfer captured food to the mouth was disrupted at temperatures # 188C. Unlike temperate-zone species of scyphozoans, which usually over-winter in the polyp or podocyst form when medusae disappear, this tropical species has cold-sensitive scyphistomae and more temperature-tolerant medusae. 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. Keywords: Scyphozoa; Jelly®sh; Cassiopea; Temperature; Life history 1. Introduction The rhizostome medusae of Cassiopea xamachana are found throughout the Carib- bean Sea, with their northern limit of distribution on the southern tip of Florida. Unlike most scyphozoans these jelly®sh are seldom seen swimming, and instead lie pulsating bell-down on sandy or muddy substrata in mangroves or soft bottom bay habitats, giving rise to the common names ``mangrove jelly®sh'' or ``upside-down jelly®sh''. -
Population and Spatial Dynamics Mangrove Jellyfish Cassiopeia Sp at Kenya’S Gazi Bay
American Journal of Life Sciences 2014; 2(6): 395-399 Published online December 31, 2014 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ajls) doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20140206.20 ISSN: 2328-5702 (Print); ISSN: 2328-5737 (Online) Population and spatial dynamics mangrove jellyfish Cassiopeia sp at Kenya’s Gazi bay Tsingalia H. M. Department of Biological Sciences, Moi University, Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya Email address: [email protected] To cite this article: Tsingalia H. M.. Population and Spatial Dynamics Mangrove Jellyfish Cassiopeia sp at Kenya’s Gazi Bay. American Journal of Life Sciences. Vol. 2, No. 6, 2014, pp. 395-399. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20140206.20 Abstract: Cassiopeia, the upside-down or mangrove jellyfish is a bottom-dwelling, shallow water marine sycophozoan of the phylum Cnidaria. It is commonly referred to as jellyfish because of its jelly like appearance. The medusa is the dominant phase in its life history. They have a radial symmetry and occur in shallow, tropical lagoons, mangrove swamps and sandy mud falls in tropical and temperate regions. In coastal Kenya, they are found only in one specific location in the Gazi Bay of the south coast. There are no documented studies on this species in Kenya. The objective of this study was to quantify the spatial and size-class distribution, and recruitment of Cassiopeia at the Gazi Bay. Ten 50mx50m quadrats were randomly placed in an estimated study area of 6.4ha to cover about 40 percent of the total study area. A total of 1043 individual upside-down jellyfish were sampled. In each quadrat, all jellyfish encountered were sampled individually. -
Cassiopea Xamachana (Upside-Down Jellyfish)
UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology Cassiopea xamachana (Upside-down Jellyfish) Order: Rhizostomeae (Eight-armed Jellyfish) Class: Scyphozoa (Jellyfish) Phylum: Cnidaria (Corals, Sea Anemones and Jellyfish) Fig. 1. Upside-down jellyfish, Cassiopea xamachana. [http://images.fineartamerica.com/images-medium-large/upside-down-jellyfish-cassiopea-sp-pete-oxford.jpg, downloaded 9 March 2016] TRAITS. Cassiopea xamachana, also known as the upside-down jellyfish, is quite large with a dominant medusa (adult jellyfish phase) about 30cm in diameter (Encyclopaedia of Life, 2014), resembling more of a sea anemone than a typical jellyfish. The name is associated with the fact that the umbrella (bell-shaped part) settles on the bottom of the sea floor while its frilly tentacles face upwards (Fig. 1). The saucer-shaped umbrella is relatively flat with a well-defined central depression on the upper surface (exumbrella), the side opposite the tentacles (Berryman, 2016). This depression gives the jellyfish the ability to stick to the bottom of the sea floor while it pulsates gently, via a suction action. There are eight oral arms (tentacles) around the mouth, branched elaborately in four pairs. The most commonly seen colour is a greenish grey-blue, due to the presence of zooxanthellae (algae) embedded in the mesoglea (jelly) of the body, and especially the arms. The mobile medusa stage is dioecious, which means that there are separate males and females, although there are no features which distinguish the sexes. The polyp stage is sessile (fixed to the substrate) and small (Sterrer, 1986). UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology DISTRIBUTION. -
Indomethacin Reproducibly Induces Metamorphosis in Cassiopea Xamachana Scyphistomae
Indomethacin reproducibly induces metamorphosis in Cassiopea xamachana scyphistomae Patricia Cabrales-Arellano2, Tania Islas-Flores1, Patricia E. Thome´1 and Marco A. Villanueva1 1 Unidad Acade´mica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologı´a-UNAM, Puerto Morelos, Me´xico 2 Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnologı´a-UNAM, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologı´a-UNAM, Ciudad de Me´xico, Me´xico ABSTRACT Cassiopea xamachana jellyfish are an attractive model system to study metamorphosis and/or cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis due to the ease of cultivation of their planula larvae and scyphistomae through their asexual cycle, in which the latter can bud new larvae and continue the cycle without differentiation into ephyrae. Then, a subsequent induction of metamorphosis and full differentiation into ephyrae is believed to occur when the symbionts are acquired by the scyphistomae. Although strobilation induction and differentiation into ephyrae can be accomplished in various ways, a controlled, reproducible metamorphosis induction has not been reported. Such controlled metamorphosis induction is necessary for an ensured synchronicity and reproducibility of biological, biochemical, and molecular analyses. For this purpose, we tested if differentiation could be pharmacologically stimulated as in Aurelia aurita, by the metamorphic inducers thyroxine, KI, NaI, Lugol’s iodine, H2O2, indomethacin, or retinol. We found reproducibly induced strobilation by 50 mM indomethacin after six days of exposure, and 10–25 mM after 7 days. Strobilation under optimal conditions reached 80–100% with subsequent ephyrae release after exposure. Thyroxine yielded Submitted 20 September 2016 inconsistent results as it caused strobilation occasionally, while all other chemicals Accepted 10 January 2017 had no effect. -
Cassiopea Xamachana
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-0777-8 OPEN Cassiosomes are stinging-cell structures in the mucus of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana Cheryl L. Ames1,2,3,12*, Anna M.L. Klompen 3,4,12, Krishna Badhiwala5, Kade Muffett3,6, Abigail J. Reft3,7, 1234567890():,; Mehr Kumar3,8, Jennie D. Janssen 3,9, Janna N. Schultzhaus1, Lauren D. Field1, Megan E. Muroski1, Nick Bezio3,10, Jacob T. Robinson5, Dagmar H. Leary11, Paulyn Cartwright4, Allen G. Collins 3,7 & Gary J. Vora11* Snorkelers in mangrove forest waters inhabited by the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana report discomfort due to a sensation known as stinging water, the cause of which is unknown. Using a combination of histology, microscopy, microfluidics, videography, molecular biology, and mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we describe C. xamachana stinging-cell structures that we term cassiosomes. These structures are released within C. xamachana mucus and are capable of killing prey. Cassiosomes consist of an outer epi- thelial layer mainly composed of nematocytes surrounding a core filled by endosymbiotic dinoflagellates hosted within amoebocytes and presumptive mesoglea. Furthermore, we report cassiosome structures in four additional jellyfish species in the same taxonomic group as C. xamachana (Class Scyphozoa; Order Rhizostomeae), categorized as either motile (ciliated) or nonmotile types. This inaugural study provides a qualitative assessment of the stinging contents of C. xamachana mucus and implicates mucus containing cassiosomes and free intact nematocytes as the cause of stinging water. 1 National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Postdoctoral Research Associate, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA. 2 Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan. -
Effects of Salinity on Development in the Ghost Shrimp Callichirus Islagrande and Two Populations of C
Gulf and Caribbean Research Volume 13 | Issue 1 January 2001 Effects of Salinity on Development in the Ghost Shrimp Callichirus islagrande and Two Populations of C. major (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea) K.M. Strasser University of Louisiana-Lafayette D.L. Felder University of Louisiana-Lafayette DOI: 10.18785/gcr.1301.01 Follow this and additional works at: http://aquila.usm.edu/gcr Part of the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Strasser, K. and D. Felder. 2001. Effects of Salinity on Development in the Ghost Shrimp Callichirus islagrande and Two Populations of C. major (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea). Gulf and Caribbean Research 13 (1): 1-10. Retrieved from http://aquila.usm.edu/gcr/vol13/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf and Caribbean Research by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Gulf and Caribbean Research Vol. 13, 1–10, 2001 Manuscript received January 27, 2000; accepted June 30, 2000 EFFECTS OF SALINITY ON DEVELOPMENT IN THE GHOST SHRIMP CALLICHIRUS ISLAGRANDE AND TWO POPULATIONS OF C. MAJOR (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: THALASSINIDEA) K. M. Strasser1,2 and D. L. Felder1 1Department of Biology, University of Louisiana - Lafayette, P.O. Box 42451, Lafayette, LA 70504-2451, USA, Phone: 337-482-5403, Fax: 337-482-5834, E-mail: [email protected] 2Present address (KMS): Department of Biology, University of Tampa, 401 W. Kennedy Blvd. Tampa, FL 33606-1490, USA, Phone: 813-253-3333 ext. 3320, Fax: 813-258-7881, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Salinity (S) was abruptly decreased from 35‰ to 25‰ at either the 4th zoeal (ZIV) or decapodid stage (D) in Callichirus islagrande (Schmitt) and 2 populations of C. -
Checkpoints in the Life-Cycle of Cassiopea Spp.: Control of Metagenesis and Metamorphosis in a Tropical Jellyfish
Int. J. Dc\'. BioI. ~O: 331-33R (1996) 331 Checkpoints in the life-cycle of Cassiopea spp.: control of metagenesis and metamorphosis in a tropical jellyfish# DIETRICH K. HOFMANN'*, WilLIAM K. FITT2 and JURGEN FLECK' 'Ruhr-University Bochum, Department of Zoology, Bochum, Germany and 2University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA ABSTRACT Experimental data reveal that most, if not all, major events in the metagenetic life. cycle of Cassiopea spp. at these checkpoints depend on the interaction with specific biotic and physical cues. For medusa formation within a permissive temperature range by monodisk strobi. lation of the polyp, the presence of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates is indispensable. The priming effect of the algal symbionts is not primarily coupled with photosynthetic activity, but was found to be enhanced in the light. Budding of larva.like propagules by the polyp, however, is indepen- dent from such zooxanthellae. On the other hand the budding rate is influenced by various rear- ing conditions. Exogenous chemical cues control settlement and metamorphosis into scyphopolyps of both sexually produced planula larvae and asexual propagules. In laboratory experiments two classes of metamorphosis inducing compounds have been detected: a family of oligopeptides, featuring a proline-residue next to the carboxyterminal amino acid, and several phorbol esters. Using the peptide "C-DNS-GPGGPA, induction of metamorphosis has been shown to be receptor-mediated. Furthermore, activation of protein kinase C, a key enzyme within the inositolphospholipid-signalling pathway appears to be involved in initiating metamorphosis. In mangrove habitats of Cassiopea spp. planula larvae specifically settle and metamorphose on sub- merged, deteriorating mangrove leaves from which biologically active fractions have been isolat- ed. -
Fieldable Environmental DNA Sequencing to Assess Jellyfish
fmars-08-640527 April 13, 2021 Time: 12:34 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 13 April 2021 doi: 10.3389/fmars.2021.640527 Fieldable Environmental DNA Sequencing to Assess Jellyfish Biodiversity in Nearshore Waters of the Florida Keys, United States Cheryl Lewis Ames1,2,3*, Aki H. Ohdera3,4, Sophie M. Colston1, Allen G. Collins3,5, William K. Fitt6, André C. Morandini7,8, Jeffrey S. Erickson9 and Gary J. Vora9* 1 National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States, 2 Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, 3 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States, 4 Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States, 5 National Systematics Laboratory of the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Service, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States, 6 Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States, 7 Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, University of São Edited by: Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, 8 Centro de Biologia Marinha, University of São Paulo, São Sebastião, Brazil, 9 Center Frank Edgar Muller-Karger, for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States University of South Florida, United States Recent advances in molecular sequencing technology and the increased availability Reviewed by: Chih-Ching Chung, of fieldable laboratory equipment have provided researchers with the opportunity to National Taiwan Ocean University, conduct real-time or near real-time gene-based biodiversity assessments of aquatic Taiwan ecosystems. -
Spatial Distribution of the Upside-Down Jellyfish Sp. Within
Spatial distribution of the upside-down jellyfish sp. within fringing coral reef environments of the Northern Red Sea: implications for its life cycle Wolfgang Niggl, Christian Wild To cite this version: Wolfgang Niggl, Christian Wild. Spatial distribution of the upside-down jellyfish sp. within fringing coral reef environments of the Northern Red Sea: implications for its life cycle. Helgoland Marine Research, Springer Verlag, 2009, 64 (4), pp.281-287. 10.1007/s10152-009-0181-8. hal-00542555 HAL Id: hal-00542555 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00542555 Submitted on 3 Dec 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 Spatial distribution of the upside-down 2 jellyfish Cassiopea sp. within fringing coral 3 reef environments of the Northern Red Sea – 4 implications for its life cycle 5 6 Wolfgang Niggl1* and Christian Wild1 7 8 1Coral Reef Ecology Group (CORE), GeoBio-Center & Department of Earth and 9 Environmental Science, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10 10, 80333 München, Germany 11 12 e-mail: [email protected] 13 Phone: +49-89-21806633 14 Fax: +49-89-2180-6601 15 16 Abstract. -
Hermit Crabs - Paguridae and Diogenidae
Identification Guide to Marine Invertebrates of Texas by Brenda Bowling Texas Parks and Wildlife Department April 12, 2019 Version 4 Page 1 Marine Crabs of Texas Mole crab Yellow box crab Giant hermit Surf hermit Lepidopa benedicti Calappa sulcata Petrochirus diogenes Isocheles wurdemanni Family Albuneidae Family Calappidae Family Diogenidae Family Diogenidae Blue-spot hermit Thinstripe hermit Blue land crab Flecked box crab Paguristes hummi Clibanarius vittatus Cardisoma guanhumi Hepatus pudibundus Family Diogenidae Family Diogenidae Family Gecarcinidae Family Hepatidae Calico box crab Puerto Rican sand crab False arrow crab Pink purse crab Hepatus epheliticus Emerita portoricensis Metoporhaphis calcarata Persephona crinita Family Hepatidae Family Hippidae Family Inachidae Family Leucosiidae Mottled purse crab Stone crab Red-jointed fiddler crab Atlantic ghost crab Persephona mediterranea Menippe adina Uca minax Ocypode quadrata Family Leucosiidae Family Menippidae Family Ocypodidae Family Ocypodidae Mudflat fiddler crab Spined fiddler crab Longwrist hermit Flatclaw hermit Uca rapax Uca spinicarpa Pagurus longicarpus Pagurus pollicaris Family Ocypodidae Family Ocypodidae Family Paguridae Family Paguridae Dimpled hermit Brown banded hermit Flatback mud crab Estuarine mud crab Pagurus impressus Pagurus annulipes Eurypanopeus depressus Rithropanopeus harrisii Family Paguridae Family Paguridae Family Panopeidae Family Panopeidae Page 2 Smooth mud crab Gulf grassflat crab Oystershell mud crab Saltmarsh mud crab Hexapanopeus angustifrons Dyspanopeus -
Tapa TESIS M-VARISCO
Naturalis Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de La Plata http://naturalis.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Biología de Munida gregaria (Crustacea Anomura) : bases para su aprovechamiento pesquero en el Golfo San Jorge, Argentina Varisco, Martín Alejandro Doctor en Ciencias Naturales Dirección: Lopretto, Estela Celia Co-dirección: Vinuesa, Julio Héctor Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo 2013 Acceso en: http://naturalis.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar/id/20130827001277 Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) Universidad Nacional de la Plata Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Tesis Doctoral Biología de Munida gregaria (Crustacea Anomura): bases para su aprovechamiento pesquero en el Golfo San Jorge, Argentina Lic. Martín Alejandro Varisco Directora Dra. Estela C. Lopretto Co-director Dr. Julio H. Vinuesa La Plata 2013 Esta tesis esta especialmente dedicada a mis padres A Evangelina A Pame, Jime, Panchi y Agus Agradecimientos Deseo expresar mi conocimiento a aquellas personas e instituciones que colaboraron para que llevar adelante esta tesis y a aquellos que me acompañaron durante la carrera de doctorado: Al Dr. Julio Vinuesa, por su apoyo constante y por su invaluable aporte a esta tesis en particular y a mi formación en general. Le agradezco también por permitirme trabajar con comodidad y por su apoyo cotidiano. A la Dra. Estela Lopretto, por su valiosa dedicación y contribución en esta Tesis. A los Lic. Héctor Zaixso y Damián Gil, por la colaboración en los análisis estadísticos A mis compañeros de trabajo: Damián, Paula, Mauro, Tomas, Héctor por su colaboración, interés y consejo en distintas etapas de este trabajo; pero sobre todo por hacer ameno el trabajo diario. -
1 Le Crabe D'eau Saumâtre De Robert Armases Roberti
1 Le crabe d'eau saumâtre de Robert Armases roberti (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) Citation de cette fiche : Noël P., 2017. Le crabe d'eau saumâtre de Robert Armases roberti (H. Milne Edwards, 1853). in Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle [Ed.], 11 février 2017. Inventaire national du Patrimoine naturel, pp. 1-6, site web http://inpn.mnhn.fr Contact de l'auteur : Pierre Noël, UMS 2006 "Patrimoine naturel", Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 43 rue Buffon (CP 48), 75005 Paris ; e-mail [email protected] Résumé. La carapace est presque carrée, légèrement convexe, avec des stries latérales. Le front présente un sinus médian profond. Les chélipèdes sont faiblement granuleux. Les pattes sont relativement longues et fines. L'abdomen du mâle est triangulaire, celui de la femelle arrondi. La largeur de la carapace atteint 2,7 cm. La couleur est gris brun avec de très petites taches claires ; la face ventrale est presque blanche. Les larves sont émises par les femelles dans les rivières et ces larves gagnent la mer pour y poursuivre leur développement qui dure 17 jours. Ce crabe a une activité crépusculaire et nocturne. Il creuse des galeries où il se réfugie le jour. Il se nourrit de matières organiques en décomposition. Il est la proie des oiseaux. On le rencontre dans les mangroves et parmi la végétation des berges des cours d'eau jusqu'à 9 km de la mer et 300 m d'altitude. L'espèce est endémique de l'arc antillais. Figure 1. Aspect général de Armases roberti en vue dorsale, d'après Chace & Hobbs (1969).