DOCSLIB.ORG

Decapoda (Crustacea) of the Gulf of Mexico, with Comments on the Amphionidacea

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Decapoda (Crustacea) of the Gulf of Mexico, with Comments on the Amphionidacea •59 Decapoda (Crustacea) of the Gulf of Mexico, with Comments on the Amphionidacea Darryl L. Felder, Fernando Álvarez, Joseph W. Goy, and Rafael Lemaitre The decapod crustaceans are primarily marine in terms of abundance and diversity, although they include a variety of well- known freshwater and even some semiterrestrial forms. Some species move between marine and freshwater environments, and large populations thrive in oligohaline estuaries of the Gulf of Mexico (GMx). Yet the group also ranges in abundance onto continental shelves, slopes, and even the deepest basin floors in this and other ocean envi- ronments. Especially diverse are the decapod crustacean assemblages of tropical shallow waters, including those of seagrass beds, shell or rubble substrates, and hard sub- strates such as coral reefs. They may live burrowed within varied substrates, wander over the surfaces, or live in some Decapoda. After Faxon 1895. special association with diverse bottom features and host biota. Yet others specialize in exploiting the water column ment in the closely related order Euphausiacea, treated in a itself. Commonly known as the shrimps, hermit crabs, separate chapter of this volume, in which the overall body mole crabs, porcelain crabs, squat lobsters, mud shrimps, plan is otherwise also very shrimplike and all 8 pairs of lobsters, crayfish, and true crabs, this group encompasses thoracic legs are pretty much alike in general shape. It also a number of familiar large or commercially important differs from a peculiar arrangement in the monospecific species, though these are markedly outnumbered by small order Amphionidacea, in which an expanded, semimem- cryptic forms. branous carapace extends to totally enclose the compara- The name “deca- poda” (= 10 legs) originates from the tively small thoracic legs, but one of several features sepa- usually conspicuously differentiated posteriormost 5 pairs rating this group from decapods (Williamson 1973). The of thoracic legs that originate below the carapace. Vari- amphionidaceans are represented by only a single glob- ous of these pairs may terminate in pincers (chelae) or be ally distributed planktonic species, Amphionides reynaudii otherwise modified for feeding, crushing, defense, cling- (H. Milne Edwards, 1832), which almost certainly ranges ing, walking, swimming, or in some cases cleaning of the into GMx oceanic waters, but it is not specifically recorded gill chambers; in a few cases, the posteriormost pairs may as such in literature of which we are aware; it is thus not be reduced to varied degrees or carried so as to be hidden treated in this volume beyond present mention. from obvious external view. This differs from the arrange- Among those decapod crustaceans commonly termed 1019 1020 ~ Decapoda (Crustacea) Decapoda. After A. Milne-Edwards and Bouvier 1923. Decapoda. After A. Milne-Edwards and Bouvier 1923. shrimps are the commercially harvested or cultured spe- include deepwater marine forms resembling the familiar cies of penaeoideans and palaemonids, as well as an abun- New England lobster as well as the speciose freshwater dance of less familiar but diverse groups widely distrib- crayfish, the latter of which are not treated further in uted in planktonic, pelagic, and benthic environments this work (despite the slight encroachment of some into from grassbeds and reefs to muddy burrows, some living extreme upper estuaries). However, among marine forms, as symbiotic forms. Overall, these groups constitute a tre- the term lobster is also applied to the spiny lobsters with mendous biomass and are of inestimable importance in long thorny antennae, most commonly found in shallow food chains and other ecological functions. Because many tropical waters (also commonly termed “crayfish” in parts of the shrimps are adapted for swimming, or at least have of their range), and to the wide- ranging marine slipper well- developed swimmerets on their abdomens, they are lobsters or shovel- nose lobsters, so named for their over- sometimes called the natant decapods, alluding to their all depressed body shape and broadly flattened spade- natatory adaptations. The rest of the group is sometimes like antennae. Finally, the true crabs are those species in pulled together loosely as the reptant decapods, alluding which the thorax is comparatively inflated and its cu- to the reptatory or crawling habits as exhibited by varied ticle thickened, while the abdomen has become reduced kinds of lobsters, crabs, and their relatives. Among these, in relative size and tightly flexed beneath the thorax. the hermit crabs (or simply “hermits”) are commonly Although some members of this group can occupy sem- recognized as those crablike forms having a poorly calci- iterrestrial and freshwater environments, or even move fied abdomen and being adapted to carrying of a gastro- between these inland and coastal marine waters, most pod (snail) shell or occupying some comparable alterna- of the true crabs are marine and estuarine forms, rang- tive protective enclosure. Mole crabs are for the most part ing widely in size and being distributed from supratidal uniquely adapted to burrowing backwards into shallow beaches to deep marine waters. Among them are species marine sediments, keeping their antennae exposed; some variously adapted for cryptic, pelagic, fossorial, or sym- of those on beaches are commonly called “sand fleas.” The biotic habitats. related porcelain crabs look very crablike and, with rare Systematics, taxonomy, and biogeography of GMx exception, live cryptically among debris and rubble in decapod crustaceans have been addressed in a profu- mostly shallow coastal waters. Squat lobsters are related sion of literature since the publication of Behre (1954). to porcelain crabs, exhibiting something between a crab- Even so, available and applicable literature treatments of like and lobsterlike shape; most of these are outer con- that day were more extensive than might be suggested by tinental shelf or deep ocean species. The mud shrimps Behre’s brief summary, which attempted a broadly com- are seldom- seen but abundant obligate burrowing spe- parative biogeographic and ecological overview but did cialists, ranging in distribution from intertidal estuaries not undertake compilation of a comprehensive checklist to outer continental shelf sediments, many digging to a to actually document records and distributions for deca- meter or more below the sediment surface and circulat- pods of the GMx. Only northern GMx decapods were ing water through a burrow system with their uniquely used in tabulating her account of families (26), genera adapted abdominal swimmerets. Lobsters and crayfish (66), and species (113), and major gaps in knowledge Felder et al. ~ 1021 of the regional records were not supported by properly archived specimens. Shortly following the publication of Behre (1954), a flood of valuable new reference materials became avail- able concerning GMx decapod crustacean distributions, systematics, and ecology. Based upon original surveys, or in some cases compilation of existing records, these included such regionally focused works as Hildebrand (1954, 1955, 1958), Wass (1955), Chace, Shoemaker, and Bowman (1956), Menzel (1956), Parker (1956, 1959), Sim- mons (1957), Trott (1960), Tabb and Manning (1961), and Breuer (1962). However, taxonomically focused efforts of Decapoda. After Faxon 1895. that period also added to knowledge of the GMx decapod fauna and included such works as Haig (1956), Proven- were noted for the southeastern GMx, Yucatán, Cuba, and zano (1959), and Holthuis (1960). deep waters of the GMx in general. Supplementary infor- Regional accounts of GMx decapod assemblages have mation on commercial shrimps (Lindner and Ander- continued to accumulate over the last 4 decades, facilitated son 1954) and spiny lobsters (Smith 1954) appeared in in great part by the addition of key taxonomic literature in brief companion chapters for this classic “Bulletin 89” at- the mid- 1960s to mid- 1970s. While Williams’ (1965) gen- tempt to summarize knowledge concerning the GMx. eral reference to Carolinian decapod crustaceans (built While multitudes of new distribution records have been upon earlier efforts of Hay and Shore 1918) did not spe- added and numerous new species described since that cifically encompass the GMx in its geographic coverage, day, some mainstream monographs available prior to it included many species that either ranged into or were Behre’s (1954) account encompassed the GMx region and then thought to be conspecific with those in the GMx. In were richly appointed with voucher-supported records many instances it attempted to clarify the extent to which from specific areas of the GMx. These remain critically distributions for some Carolinian species included the important and useful taxonomic tools to the present, and GMx and provided a ready summary of literature that include such remarkable compilations as the classical tax- might be used to establish taxonomic identities of GMx onomic summaries of selected major groups by Coutière species. Because of the much larger presence of tropical (1909), Rathbun (1918, 1925, 1930, 1937), and Holthuis forms in the GMx than in the Carolinas, along with the (1946, 1951, 1952), as well as a host of papers focused large number of endemics (ever more in evidence today), on smaller taxonomic units. Faunistic surveys and Williams (1965) could not be applied as a definitive refer- accompanying systematic treatments of decapod crus- ence for identification
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Classification of Living and Fossil Genera of Decapod Crustaceans
    RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2009 Supplement No. 21: 1–109 Date of Publication: 15 Sep.2009 © National University of Singapore A CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING AND FOSSIL GENERA OF DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS Sammy De Grave1, N. Dean Pentcheff 2, Shane T. Ahyong3, Tin-Yam Chan4, Keith A. Crandall5, Peter C. Dworschak6, Darryl L. Felder7, Rodney M. Feldmann8, Charles H. J. M. Fransen9, Laura Y. D. Goulding1, Rafael Lemaitre10, Martyn E. Y. Low11, Joel W. Martin2, Peter K. L. Ng11, Carrie E. Schweitzer12, S. H. Tan11, Dale Tshudy13, Regina Wetzer2 1Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PW, United Kingdom [email protected] [email protected] 2Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007 United States of America [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 3Marine Biodiversity and Biosecurity, NIWA, Private Bag 14901, Kilbirnie Wellington, New Zealand [email protected] 4Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, Republic of China [email protected] 5Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 United States of America [email protected] 6Dritte Zoologische Abteilung, Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria [email protected] 7Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504 United States of America [email protected] 8Department of Geology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242 United States of America [email protected] 9Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands [email protected] 10Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, 10th and Constitution Avenue, Washington, DC 20560 United States of America [email protected] 11Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 12Department of Geology, Kent State University Stark Campus, 6000 Frank Ave.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Table of Contents Systematics ... Morphological Tenus ..............................................................2 Chirostylidae ...,......,..‘......... ，-且.， .. ,.. ····7 Chirostylus . .‘. ..............,.....,......,.,........,...................., 8 Chirostylus rostratus .,..,...............................,.,....,.......... 9 Eumunida ...................,.,.,.................,..............,'....., 11 Eumunida capillata ....................................,.....,.........., 12 Eumunida chani . ,............................................... 14 Eumunida depressa ......,.,...........,.....,..................,........ 16 Eumunida 戶 nambulus ,...... , . , . , . , . 18 b馴的也 macpherso 肘. , • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • , • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • ·21 Eumunida parva .......................... ,.....,................,...... ·23 Uropηchodes ..................,.,........................................25 Uroptychodes barμnae . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , • ••• • ·26 Uroptychodes grα ndirostris .........‘. ,...................,., .. , .. ·········28 Uroptychodes spinimarginatus . ,...................,.........,......... 30 Uroptychus ..................................................,.......‘. ···32 Uroptychus anacα ena . ,............,....,................. 34 Uroptychus anatonus .. , ..........,...............,.,................... ·36 Uroptychμ s babai . ,..,.......,...... ................. .因. • • • , . ·38 Uroptychus bispinatus ........,..........................,....,........... 40 Uroptychus ciliatus ...,...........................................,.....
    [Show full text]
  • Farmed Shrimp Production Data & Analysis
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Shrimp Production Review • Professor James L. Anderson, Director, Institute for Sustainable Food Systems - University of Florida • Dr. Diego Valderrama, University of los Andes, Colombia • Dr. Darryl Jory, Editor Emeritus, Global Aquaculture Alliance 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Other Middle East / N Africa Shrimp Aquaculture Production by World Region: 2000-2015 (FAO Data) India 2006 - 2012 CAGR: 4.8% Americas China 5000K +4.2% Southeast Asia +8.8% 4500K Source: FAO (2017). +3.2% Southeast Asia includes Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, 4000K Bangladesh, Malaysia, Philippines, Myanmar and 3500K Taiwan. M. rosenbergii is not included. 3000K MT 2500K 2000K 1500K 1000K 500K 0K 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Other Middle East / N Africa Shrimp Aquaculture Production by World Region: 2000-2019 India Americas (FAO and GOAL Data) China 2016-2019 Projected CAGR: Southeast Asia 2006-2012 CAGR: 3.6% 4.8% Sources: FAO (2017) for 5000K 2000-2009; GOAL (2011-2016) for 2010-2015; GOAL (2017) 4500K for 2016-2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Seagrass-Associated Decapod Crustaceans in a Tropical Reef Lagoon Prior to Large Environmental Changes: a Baseline Study
    diversity Article Diversity of Seagrass-Associated Decapod Crustaceans in a Tropical Reef Lagoon Prior to Large Environmental Changes: A Baseline Study Patricia Briones-Fourzán * , Luz Verónica Monroy-Velázquez, Jaime Estrada-Olivo y and Enrique Lozano-Álvarez Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Puerto Morelos, 77580 Quintana Roo, Mexico; [email protected] (L.V.M.-V.); [email protected] (J.E.-O.); [email protected] (E.L.-Á.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Current address: Calle Trasatlántico SM-18, Mz 24, Lote 12; Villas Morelos, Puerto Morelos, y 77580 Quintana Roo, Mexico. Received: 7 April 2020; Accepted: 19 May 2020; Published: 23 May 2020 Abstract: The community composition of decapods associated with subtidal tropical seagrass meadows was analyzed in a pristine reef lagoon on the Mexican Caribbean coast in the summer of 1995 and winter of 1998. The macrophyte community was dominated by Thalassia testudinum followed by Syringodium filiforme, with interspersed rhyzophytic macroalgae and large patches of drift algae. In each season, 10 one-min trawls were made with an epibenthic sled (mesh aperture 1 mm) during the day and 10 during the night on each of five sites. In all, 53,211 decapods belonging to 119 species were collected. The most diverse taxa were Brachyura and Caridea, but the most abundant were Caridea and Anomura. Dominance was high, with three species (Latreutes fucorum, Cuapetes americanus, and Thor manningi) accounting for almost 50% of individuals, and 10 species accounting for nearly 90% of individuals. There was great similarity in community composition and ecological indices between seasons, but significantly more individuals and species in night versus day samples.
    [Show full text]
  • W7192e19.Pdf
    click for previous page 952 Shrimps and Prawns Sicyoniidae SICYONIIDAE Rock shrimps iagnostic characters: Body generally Drobust, with shell very hard, of “stony” grooves appearance; abdomen often with deep grooves and numerous tubercles. Rostrum well developed and extending beyond eyes, always bearing more than 3 upper teeth (in- cluding those on carapace); base of eyestalk with styliform projection on inner surface, but without tubercle on inner border. Both upper and lower antennular flagella of similar length, attached to tip of antennular peduncle. 1 Carapace lacks both postorbital and postantennal spines, cervical groove in- distinct or absent. Exopod present only on first maxilliped. All 5 pairs of legs well devel- 2 oped, fourth leg bearing a single well-devel- 3rd and 4th pleopods 4 single-branched oped arthrobranch (hidden beneath 3 carapace). In males, endopod of second pair 5 of pleopods (abdominal appendages) with appendix masculina only. Third and fourth pleopods single-branched. Telson generally armed with a pair of fixed lateral spines. Colour: body colour varies from dark brown to reddish; often with distinct spots or colour markings on carapace and/or abdomen - such colour markings are specific and very useful in distinguishing the species. Habitat, biology, and fisheries: All members of this family are marine and can be found from shallow to deep waters (to depths of more than 400 m). They are all benthic and occur on both soft and hard bottoms. Their sizes are generally small, about 2 to 8 cm, but some species can reach a body length over 15 cm. The sexes are easily distinguished by the presence of a large copulatory organ (petasma) on the first pair of pleopods of males, while the females have the posterior thoracic sternites modified into a large sperm receptacle process (thelycum) which holds the spermatophores or sperm sacs (usually whitish or yellowish in colour) after mating.
    [Show full text]
  • Skates and Rays Diversity, Exploration and Conservation – Case-Study of the Thornback Ray, Raja Clavata
    UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA ANIMAL SKATES AND RAYS DIVERSITY, EXPLORATION AND CONSERVATION – CASE-STUDY OF THE THORNBACK RAY, RAJA CLAVATA Bárbara Marques Serra Pereira Doutoramento em Ciências do Mar 2010 UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA ANIMAL SKATES AND RAYS DIVERSITY, EXPLORATION AND CONSERVATION – CASE-STUDY OF THE THORNBACK RAY, RAJA CLAVATA Bárbara Marques Serra Pereira Tese orientada por Professor Auxiliar com Agregação Leonel Serrano Gordo e Investigadora Auxiliar Ivone Figueiredo Doutoramento em Ciências do Mar 2010 The research reported in this thesis was carried out at the Instituto de Investigação das Pescas e do Mar (IPIMAR - INRB), Unidade de Recursos Marinhos e Sustentabilidade. This research was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through a PhD grant (SFRH/BD/23777/2005) and the research project EU Data Collection/DCR (PNAB). Skates and rays diversity, exploration and conservation | Table of Contents Table of Contents List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. i List of Tables ............................................................................................................................. v List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. viii Agradecimentos ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Species of Sand Crabs in the Genus Lepidopa (Decadopa: Albuneidae) by I W E
    Zool. Anz., Leipzig 186 (1971) 1/2, S. 59-102 The Species of Sand Crabs in the Genus Lepidopa (Decadopa: Albuneidae) By I w E. Ei Foai)1 Willi 12 Figures (Kingegangen am 10. bebruar 1970) This [taper eonlains a review of liie species in (fie genus Lepidopa and descriptions of six new species. The evolutionary relationship between the species is discussed with particular reference to geographical distribution and to the closure of the sea connection across Central America in the late Pliocene. 1 Prof. Dr. Ian E. Efford, Institute of Animal Resource Ecology, Department of Zoo- logy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, British Columbia (Canada). 60 I. K. h]f'l'ord, The Species of Sand Crabs in llie Genus Lepidopa TIOT.THUIS (19G.1, 19G2) has recently reviewed the eighteenth and early nineleenlli century literature dealing with the genus Lepidopa and he concluded that EAUIUCUTS (1793) and DKSMAREST (1825) in their descriptions of Albunca scutellala were dealing with llie hrachyuran crah, Th'ui scutellala and not with a species [hat other authors have assigned to the genus Lepidopa. Thus the first published description of a crab that can definilelv be assigned to the genus Lepidopa is II. MII.NI: EDWAIIDS' (1837) description of Albunca scu- 1 dial a. IIOLTIIUIS (1961) suggested that tliis was probably a specimen of T.epidopa rich- niondi but recently I examined an individual of Lepidopa hcnedicli in the Paris Museum that is probably MILNE EDWARDS' original specimen. The label reads 'Lepidopa sciitellata type?' and, according to Dr. J. FOREST, was written by BOCVIKR; however, the specimen is much older than this label and agrees closely wilh \ 111 \i KDWAHDS' original figure.
    [Show full text]
  • Decapod Crustacean Assemblages Off the West Coast of Central Italy (Western Mediterranean)
    SCIENTIA MARINA 71(1) March 2007, 19-28, Barcelona (Spain) ISSN: 0214-8358 Decapod crustacean assemblages off the West coast of central Italy (western Mediterranean) EMANUELA FANELLI 1, FRANCESCO COLLOCA 2 and GIANDOMENICO ARDIZZONE 2 1 IAMC-CNR Marine Ecology Laboratory, Via G. da Verrazzano 17, 91014 Castellammare del Golfo (Trapani) Italy. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Animal and Human Biology, University of Rome “la Sapienza”, V.le dell’Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy. SUMMARY: Community structure and faunal composition of decapod crustaceans off the west coast of central Italy (west- ern Mediterranean) were investigated. Samples were collected during five trawl surveys carried out from June 1996 to June 2000 from 16 to 750 m depth. Multivariate analysis revealed the occurrence of five faunistic assemblages: 1) a strictly coastal community over sandy bottoms at depths <35 m; 2) a middle shelf community over sandy-muddy bottoms at depths between 50 and 100 m; 3) a slope edge community up to 200 m depth as a transition assemblage; 4) an upper slope community at depths between 200 and 450 m, and 5) a middle slope community at depths greater than 450 m. The existence of a shelf- slope edge transition is a characteristic of the western and central Mediterranean where a Leptometra phalangium facies is found in many areas at depths between 120 and 180 m. The brachyuran crab Liocarcinus depurator dominates the shallow muddy-sandy bottoms of the shelf, while Parapenaeus longirostris is the most abundant species from the shelf to the upper slope assemblage.
    [Show full text]
  • Brachyura, Majoidea) Genera Acanthonyx Latreille, 1828 and Epialtus H
    Nauplius 20(2): 179-186, 2012 179 Range extensions along western Atlantic for Epialtidae crabs (Brachyura, Majoidea) genera Acanthonyx Latreille, 1828 and Epialtus H. Milne Edwards, 1834 Ana Francisca Tamburus and Fernando L. Mantelatto Laboratory of Bioecology and Crustacean Systematics (LBSC) - Postgraduate Program in Comparative Biology - Department of Biology - Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP) - University of São Paulo (USP). Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040- 901, Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil. E-mails: (AFT) [email protected]; (FLM) [email protected] Abstract The present study provided information extending the known geographical distribution of three species of majoid crabs, the epialtids Acanthonyx dissimulatus Coelho, 1993, Epialtus bituberculatus H. Milne Edwards, 1834, and E. brasiliensis Dana, 1852. Specimens of both genera from different carcinological collections were studied by comparing morphological characters. We provide new data that extends the geographical distributions of E. bituberculatus to the coast of the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina (Brazil), and offer new records from Belize and Costa Rica. Epialtus brasiliensis is recorded for the first time in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), and A. dissimulatus is reported from Quintana Roo, Mexico. The distribution of A. dissimulatus, previously known as endemic to Brazil, has a gap between the states of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro. However, this restricted southern distribution is herein amplified by the Mexican specimens. Key words: Geographic distribution, majoid, new records, spider crabs. Introduction (Melo, 1996). Epialtus bituberculatus H. Milne Edwards, 1834 has been from Florida (USA), The family Epialtidae MacLeay, 1838 Gulf of Mexico, West Indies, Colombia, includes 76 genera, among them Acanthonyx Venezuela and Brazil (Ceará to São Paulo Latreille, 1828 and Epialtus H.
    [Show full text]
  • Alpheopsis Harperi (DECAPODA: ALPHEIDAE): a NEW SPECIES of SNAPPING SHRIMP from TEXAS ^CVA LIB**** S^Xtttso^X^ ^ Mary K
    1 \)J \ C e Vs Northeast Gulf Science Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 97-100 July 1984 Alpheopsis harperi (DECAPODA: ALPHEIDAE): A NEW SPECIES OF SNAPPING SHRIMP FROM TEXAS ^CVA LIB**** S^XTttSO^X^ ^ Mary K. Wicksten RETURN Department of Biology, Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 Abstract: Alpheopsis harperi new species is described from the coast off Freeport, Texas. The shrimp most closely resembles A. trispinosus (Stimpson), a pantropical species. Alpheop- sis harperi has a short rostrum, lacks carinae on the carapace, and has lamellate, toothless fingers of the chelae. Snapping shrimps (family with lamellate dactyl. Small cheliped Alpheidae) are common inhabitants of with 2 meral spines. Second pereopod both hard and soft bottoms in warm with 5 carpal articles. temperate and tropical waters. Species of soft bottoms (mud or sand) may bur- Description row into the sediment, where they are Rostrum triangular, slightly broader collected by grabs or box cores. than long, not reaching end of first seg- In 1981-83, divers off Freeport, Texas ment of antennular peduncle. Orbital collected specimens of an unusual, teeth small and sharp, not as long as small snapping shrimp. The animals rostrum. Pterygostomial angle of were taken in a 232 cm2 Ekman grab in carapace blunt. muddy sand with a thin covering of silt. Second segment of antennular All the specimens were broken. Donald peduncle longest. Statocyst present in Harper and Larry McKinney of Texas first segment of antennular peduncle. A&M University at Galveston sent the Stylocerite about as long as first seg- specimens to the main campus of the ment of antennular peduncle.
    [Show full text]
  • Part I. an Annotated Checklist of Extant Brachyuran Crabs of the World
    THE RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2008 17: 1–286 Date of Publication: 31 Jan.2008 © National University of Singapore SYSTEMA BRACHYURORUM: PART I. AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF EXTANT BRACHYURAN CRABS OF THE WORLD Peter K. L. Ng Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore Email: [email protected] Danièle Guinot Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Milieux et peuplements aquatiques, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France Email: [email protected] Peter J. F. Davie Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT. – An annotated checklist of the extant brachyuran crabs of the world is presented for the first time. Over 10,500 names are treated including 6,793 valid species and subspecies (with 1,907 primary synonyms), 1,271 genera and subgenera (with 393 primary synonyms), 93 families and 38 superfamilies. Nomenclatural and taxonomic problems are reviewed in detail, and many resolved. Detailed notes and references are provided where necessary. The constitution of a large number of families and superfamilies is discussed in detail, with the positions of some taxa rearranged in an attempt to form a stable base for future taxonomic studies. This is the first time the nomenclature of any large group of decapod crustaceans has been examined in such detail. KEY WORDS. – Annotated checklist, crabs of the world, Brachyura, systematics, nomenclature. CONTENTS Preamble .................................................................................. 3 Family Cymonomidae .......................................... 32 Caveats and acknowledgements ............................................... 5 Family Phyllotymolinidae .................................... 32 Introduction .............................................................................. 6 Superfamily DROMIOIDEA ..................................... 33 The higher classification of the Brachyura ........................
    [Show full text]
  • Nansei Islands Biological Diversity Evaluation Project Report 1 Chapter 1
    Introduction WWF Japan’s involvement with the Nansei Islands can be traced back to a request in 1982 by Prince Phillip, Duke of Edinburgh. The “World Conservation Strategy”, which was drafted at the time through a collaborative effort by the WWF’s network, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), posed the notion that the problems affecting environments were problems that had global implications. Furthermore, the findings presented offered information on precious environments extant throughout the globe and where they were distributed, thereby providing an impetus for people to think about issues relevant to humankind’s harmonious existence with the rest of nature. One of the precious natural environments for Japan given in the “World Conservation Strategy” was the Nansei Islands. The Duke of Edinburgh, who was the President of the WWF at the time (now President Emeritus), naturally sought to promote acts of conservation by those who could see them through most effectively, i.e. pertinent conservation parties in the area, a mandate which naturally fell on the shoulders of WWF Japan with regard to nature conservation activities concerning the Nansei Islands. This marked the beginning of the Nansei Islands initiative of WWF Japan, and ever since, WWF Japan has not only consistently performed globally-relevant environmental studies of particular areas within the Nansei Islands during the 1980’s and 1990’s, but has put pressure on the national and local governments to use the findings of those studies in public policy. Unfortunately, like many other places throughout the world, the deterioration of the natural environments in the Nansei Islands has yet to stop.
    [Show full text]