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Alpheopsis Harperi (DECAPODA: ALPHEIDAE): a NEW SPECIES of SNAPPING SHRIMP from TEXAS ^CVA LIB**** S^Xtttso^X^ ^ Mary K

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Alpheopsis Harperi (DECAPODA: ALPHEIDAE): a NEW SPECIES of SNAPPING SHRIMP from TEXAS ^CVA LIB**** S^Xtttso^X^ ^ Mary K 1 \)J \ C e Vs Northeast Gulf Science Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 97-100 July 1984 Alpheopsis harperi (DECAPODA: ALPHEIDAE): A NEW SPECIES OF SNAPPING SHRIMP FROM TEXAS ^CVA LIB**** S^XTttSO^X^ ^ Mary K. Wicksten RETURN Department of Biology, Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 Abstract: Alpheopsis harperi new species is described from the coast off Freeport, Texas. The shrimp most closely resembles A. trispinosus (Stimpson), a pantropical species. Alpheop- sis harperi has a short rostrum, lacks carinae on the carapace, and has lamellate, toothless fingers of the chelae. Snapping shrimps (family with lamellate dactyl. Small cheliped Alpheidae) are common inhabitants of with 2 meral spines. Second pereopod both hard and soft bottoms in warm with 5 carpal articles. temperate and tropical waters. Species of soft bottoms (mud or sand) may bur- Description row into the sediment, where they are Rostrum triangular, slightly broader collected by grabs or box cores. than long, not reaching end of first seg- In 1981-83, divers off Freeport, Texas ment of antennular peduncle. Orbital collected specimens of an unusual, teeth small and sharp, not as long as small snapping shrimp. The animals rostrum. Pterygostomial angle of were taken in a 232 cm2 Ekman grab in carapace blunt. muddy sand with a thin covering of silt. Second segment of antennular All the specimens were broken. Donald peduncle longest. Statocyst present in Harper and Larry McKinney of Texas first segment of antennular peduncle. A&M University at Galveston sent the Stylocerite about as long as first seg- specimens to the main campus of the ment of antennular peduncle. university at College Station for examina- Scaphocerite with lateral tooth tion. The shrimp is described herein. about as long as squamous portion or ex- Specimens were collected during studies ceeding it, not reaching end of anten- sponsored by U.S. Department of Energy nular peduncle. Basicerite with small, contract DE FC 96 79P010114 to the En- sharp superior and inferior teeth, vironmental Engineering Department, reaching end of first segment of anten- Texas A&M University. nular peduncle. Chelipeds assymetrical, laterally Alpheopsis harperi compressed and without grooves. Larger NEW SPECIES chela 3.5X as long as broad, with fingers Figure 1A-G 0.5X length of entire chela. Fingers of chela without teeth. Dorsal surface of Diagnosis dactyl rounded, entire dactyl lamellate. Small shrimp of soft bottoms. Tuft of setae at apex of fixed finger. Car- Rostrum triangular, not reaching end of pus about as long as broad. Merus first segment of antennular peduncle. Or- broader distally than proximally, about bital teeth small and sharp, not as long 4X as long as wide. Ischium about 0.4X as rostrum. Chelipeds assymetrical, length of merus, with prominent spine on without grooves or teeth. Large chela superior margin. 97 98 M. K. Wicksten Figure 1. Alpheopsis harperi new species. A, frontal region in dorsal view. B, frontal region in lateral view. C, major cheliped. D, minor cheliped. E, second perepod. F, third perepod. G, telson and uropod. A new snapping shrimp 99 Smaller chela similar to larger chela, 10 E2A, same latitude and longitude as but movable finger less convex on holotype, 27 Oct. 1981, TL 7.4. With the superior surface. Merus with 2 tiny exceptions noted above, all specimens movable spines. are in the reference collection of Texas Second pereopod with 5 carpal ar- A&M Unversity at Galveston. All of the ticles, their radio 10:11:5:5:5. specimens were collected at a depth of Third pereopod with long, simple 21 m. dactyl. Propodus 2X length of dactyl, with 9 spinules on flexor margin and tuft Etymology of setae on extensor margin proximal to The species is named in honor of its dactyl. Scattered spinules on extensor discoverer, Donald Harper. margin of propodus. Carpus 0.75X length of propodus. Merus 2X length of carpus. DISCUSSION Ischium unarmed, 0.3X length of merus. Fourth and fifth pereopods similar Alpheopsis harperi most closely to third. resembles A. trispinosus (Stimpson), a Telson 2X as long as broad, with 2 pantropical species. The chelae of both pair dorsolateral spines. Posterior species have similar shapes. However, A. margin rounded, fringed with long setae. trispinosus has teeth on the fingers of Outer margin of uropod with deep, round- the chelae, a longer rostrum, and a ed notch, fringed with setae. groove on the major chela (Banner and Banner, 1973; Gore, 1981). Alpheopsis Material Examined shearmii (Alcock and Anderson) also has HOLOTYPE. — Female, total length similar chelae, but has at least one tooth in millimeters (TL) 7.1. Station 10 E2A, off on the finger and a groove on the major Freeport, Texas (28°43'41"N, chela (Banner and Banner, 1977). 95°14'10"W), 21 m, 19-20 Nov. 1982, U.S. Alpheopsis shearmii is known only from National Museum of Natural History the Arabian Sea. (Smithsonian Institution) catalog number Two other species of Alpheopsis 210513. besides A. trispinosus have been PARATYPES. — Station 10B1C, reported from the Gulf of Mexico or the (28°44'20"N, 95°14'45"W), 23 June 1982, Caribbean region. Alpheopsis labis TL 4.9, Allan Hancock Foundation, Chace lacks ocular teeth and has teeth University of Southern California catalog on the fingers of the major chela; A. number 2499-01. Station 10 E3C, trigonus Rathbun has a tricarinate (28°44'12"N, 95°13'18"W), 25 May 1983, carapace (Chace, 1972). The peculiar TL 6.1, Texas A&M University toothless fingers of the chelae of A. Oceanography collection catalog harperi are very different from those of number 2-6408. Station 10 A1 A, any other snapping shrimp in the coastal (28°42'42"N, 95°16'38"W), 23 Sept. 1982, area of Texas. The only other alpheids TL 7.9. Station 10 A3C, (28°43'46"N, collected off Freeport were Alpheus 95°15'03"W), 23 June 1982, TL 5.2. Sta- floridanus Kingsley and a broken tion 10 A3A, (28°43'46"N, 95°15'03"W), specimen of Salmoneus sp. 23 June 1982, TL 5.5. Station 10 A9B, Little is known about the natural (28°44'18"N, 95°14'18"W), Nov. 1982, TL history of any species of Alpheopsis. 5.0. Station 10 D1B, (28°44'03"N, Specimens have been collected in 95°15'47"W), 22 July 1982, TL 5.9. Station dredges, grabs, and box cores. Perhaps 100 M. K. Wicksten members of the genus are shallow bur- redescription of the holotype rowers. All of the specimens of A. harperi (Decapoda, Alpheidae). Crustaceana are small for snapping shrimps. None 32(2): 207-210. were ovigerous. Perhaps larger in- Banner, D.M. and A.H. Banner. 1973. The dividuals are better hidden or buried alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part I: the deeper than the specimens collected to lower genera. Rec. Aust. Mus. 28(15): date. 291-382. At least twenty-three other alpheids Chace, F.A. Jr. 1972. The shrimps of the have been reported from the coast of Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean Ex- Texas or from offshore banks. Alpheus peditions with a summary of the West heterochaelis Say lives among oysters or Indian shallow-water species on jetties (Whitten, Rosene and Hedg- (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). peth, 1950; Fotheringham, 1980). Smithson. Cont. Zool. 98. 179 p. Synalpheus fritzmuelleri Coutiere has Felder, D.L. and A.H. Chaney. 1979. been collected on oil rigs and at Seven Decapod crustacean fauna of Seven and One-half Fathom Reef (Felder and and One-half Fathom Reef, Texas: Chaney, 1979; Fotheringham, 1980). species composition, abundance, and Felder and Chaney (1979) also reported species diversity. Contr. Mar. Sci. 22: the following species from Seven and 1-29. One-Half Fathom Reef: Alpheus ar- Fotheringham, N. 1980. Beachcomber's mHiatus H. Milne-Edwards, A. florldanus guide to Gulf coast marine life. Gulf Kinglsey, A. intrinsecus Bate, A. thomasi Publ. Co., Houston. 124 p. (?) Hendrix and Gore, Synalpheus Gore, R.H. 1981. Three new shrimps, and apioceros Coutiere, S. goodei Coutiere, some interesting records of decapod and S. townsendi Coutiere. Pequegnat Crustacea from a deep-water coral and Ray (1974) listed the following reef in the Florida Keys. Proc. Biol. species from the West Flower Garden Soc. Wash. 94(1): 135-162. Bank: Alpheopsis labis Chace, Alpheus Pequegnat, L.H. and J.P. Ray. 1974. amblyonyx Chace, A belli Coutiere, A. Crustaceans and other arthropods. P. cristulifrons Rathbun, A. cylindricus 231-288 In T.J. Bright and L.H. Pe- Kinglsey, A. paracrinitus Miers, A. peasei quegnat, eds. Biota of the West (Armstrong), Alpheus unidentified Flower Garden Bank. Gulf Publ. Co., species, Synalpheus apioceros (?) Houston. Coutiere, S. herricki Coutiere, S. pan- Whitten, H.L., H.F. Rosene and J.W. dionis Coutiere, S. townsendi (?) Coutiere Hedgpeth. 1950. Invertebrate fauna of S. tanneri Coutiere, S. brooksi (?) the Texas coast jetties. Pubis. Inst. Coutiere, S. disparodigitus (?) Armstrong, Mar. Sci. Univ. Texas 1(2): 53-87. and S. rathbunae (?) Coutiere. Verifica- Williams, A.B. 1965. Marine decapod tion of the identifications of many of crustaceans of the Carolinas. U.S. these species cannot be made until more Fish Wildl. Serv. Fishery Bull. 65(1): specimens are collected. 1-298. LITERATURE CITED Banner, A.H. and D.M. Banner. 1977. Alpheopsis shearmii (Alcock and Anderson): a new combination with a .
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