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Ranking the Counties in Ease Azarbaijan-Iran Based on Agriculture Development Criteria Using Copras Model Emirates Journal for Engineering Research Volume 26 Issue 2 Article 4 5-15-2021 Ranking the Counties in Ease Azarbaijan-Iran Based on Agriculture Development Criteria Using Copras Model Razieh Pourdarbani University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, [email protected] Asghar Pashazadeh University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uaeu.ac.ae/ejer Part of the Agricultural Economics Commons, and the Agricultural Science Commons Recommended Citation Pourdarbani, Razieh and Pashazadeh, Asghar (2021) "Ranking the Counties in Ease Azarbaijan-Iran Based on Agriculture Development Criteria Using Copras Model," Emirates Journal for Engineering Research: Vol. 26 : Iss. 2 , Article 4. Available at: https://scholarworks.uaeu.ac.ae/ejer/vol26/iss2/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarworks@UAEU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Emirates Journal for Engineering Research by an authorized editor of Scholarworks@UAEU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Pourdarbani and Pashazadeh: Ranking the Counties in East Azarbaijan-Iran RANKING THE COUNTIES IN EASE AZARBAIJAN-IRAN BASED ON AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT CRITERIA USING COPRAS MODEL Razieh Pourdarbani1*, Asghar Pashazadeh2, 1 Dept. of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili [email protected] 2 Dept. of Geography-Urban Planning, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili [email protected] (Received 8th February and Accepted 15th May 2021) ترتيب المقاطعات في شرق أذربيجان وإيارن على أساس معايير التنمية الزارعية باستخدام نموذج كوابرس ملخص يعد فهم عدم المساواة واﻻختﻻﻻت داخل المناطق الجغارفية المختلفة )البلد والمقاطعة والمدينة(، ووضع السياسات للحد من عدم المساواة من بين المهام الرئيسية للمسؤولين في قطاع التنمية الجغارفية. لذلك من الضروري تحديد مستوى التنمية والتخلف في المناطق الزارعية من أجل تحقيق التنمية الزارعية المستدامة. تم إعداد قائمة من 36 ًامؤشر بما في ذلك 10 مؤشارت زارعية و 7 مؤشرات بستنة و 8 مؤشرات للماشية و 11 ًامؤشر للميكنة باستخدام الكتاب اﻹحصائي السنوي لعام 2016. تم إجارء التصنيف الزارعي لـ 21 مقاطعة باستخدام نموذج كوبارس. تم ًأيضا إنشاء المقاطعات التي تم تجميعها باستخدام طريقة التحليل العنقودية المضمنة في برنامج SPSS والخارئط الرسومية باستخدام برنامج Arc GIS. وأشارت النتائج إلى أن مارغة وميانه وسراب احتلت المرتبة اﻷولى والثالثة ورزغان وبوناب في المرتبة اﻷخيرة. قسم تحليل الكتلة المقاطعات إلى 5 مجموعات لمستوى التنمية. تم وضع مارغة وميانه في المجموعة اﻷولى )منطقة مطورة ًزارعيا( ، وشبستر ، وهاشترود ، وسارب ، ومالكان في المجموعة الثانية )مناطق متطورة ًنسبيا( ، وأهار ومرن في المجموعة الثالثة )المناطق النامية( ، كاليبر ، خودفيرين ، تبريز ، وهيريس في المجموعة الاربعة )محرومة ًنسبيا من التنمية الزارعية( وأازرشهر وأوسكو وبستان آباد وبوناب وجولفا وأجابشير وفارزاكان وحوارند وشارويماغ في المجموعة الخامسة )المحرومين من التنمية الزارعية(. Abstract Understanding inequality and imbalances within different geographical areas (country, province and city), and policymaking to reduce inequalities are among the key tasks of the administrators in geographical development sector. Therefore, it is necessary to identify level of development and underdevelopment of agricultural areas in order to achieve sustainable agricultural development. A list of 36 indices including 10 agronomic indices, 7 horticultural indices, 8 livestock indices and 11 mechanization indices was prepared using Statistical Yearbook of 2016. The agricultural ranking of 21 counties was made using the Copras model. Also counties clustered using cluster analysis method included in SPSS software and to graphical maps were generated using Arc GIS software. The results indicated that Maragheh, Mianeh and Sarab were ranked first to third and Varzaghan and Bonab were the last. Cluster analysis divided the counties into 5 clusters of development level. Maragheh and Mianeh were placed in the first cluster (agriculturally developed area), Shabestar, Hashtrood, Sarab and Malekan in the second cluster (relatively developed areas), Ahar and Marand in the third cluster (developing areas), Kaleybar, Khodafirin, Tabriz, and Heris in the fourth cluster (relatively deprived of agricultural development) and Azarshahr, Osco, Bostanabad, Bonab, Jolfa, Ajabshir, Varzaqan, Horand and Charoymag in the fifth cluster (deprived of agricultural development). Keywords: Development, Agriculture, East Azerbaijan, Copras, Ranking, Iran. Published by Scholarworks@UAEU, 2021 1 Emirates Journal for Engineering Research, Vol. 26 [2021], Iss. 2, Art. 4 1. INTRODUCTION ranking of counties of Lorestan in 1994 and 2003 using factor analysis and taxonomy technique. The In developing counties, agriculture is the largest results show that inequality between counties had sector of the economy and can help the industry and been increased. Zang Abadi and Soltani (2008) economic development in a variety of ways such as studied on agricultural development levels in supply of labor and capital, supply of raw materials Isfahan using factor and cluster analysis and ranked and cheap food. In the 1950s and 1960s, many the counties into four levels. Morseli (1995) ranked developing counties considered economic rural areas of Zanjan during 1977 and 2007 using development synonymous with industrial numerical taxonomy and factor analysis. The results development, and after two decades they realized show that rural areas of Zanjan have been growing that economic development would be impossible during the years under study, but the dichotomy without agricultural development. Therefore, between them has increased. Molaei (2008) developing counties have gradually become aware classifies the provinces of Iran using factor analysis of the role of agriculture in economic development and numerical taxonomy based on agricultural and have adopted an industrial development strategy development level. He pointed to the decline of based on the development of the agricultural sector. Khuzestan province to the underdeveloped In general, it can be mentioned that agricultural agricultural sector in recent years. Jamshidi (2011) development plays a key role in economic growth examined agricultural development levels and and ultimately sustainable development. With the regional inequalities in Zanjan province based on 98 development of the agricultural sector, surplus indices in 6 category (agriculture, horticulture, forces can be used to develop other sectors, provide livestock, water resources, mechanization and sufficient and inexpensive food for the people, and agricultural conversion industries) using principal move towards self-sufficiency. Understanding component technique. The results showed that inequality and imbalances within different Tarom and Zanjan had the highest level of geographical areas (country, province and city) and agricultural development, Abhar and Khorramdareh policy making to reduce inequality are among the in the middle level and Ijrood, Mahneshan and key tasks of experts in the field of regional Khodabandeh had the lowest level of development. development. Development programs should seek to Also, Zanjan province has the highest inequality in improve the standard of living (Yasoury, 2009). terms of agricultural conversion industries and the Planners and experts raise the need for balanced lowest inequality in terms of demographic indices. development for a variety of reasons: the first reason AL-Hassan (2007) examined regional inequalities in is to provide social justice in order to ensure that the Ghana during 1990-2000. His study was based on various areas have equal opportunities. The second two scenarios of whether or not to include reason is political considerations as a factor in agriculture in the analysis of poverty, production and reducing political unrest and the third is economic productivity. Using cluster analysis and factor and social considerations that prevent migration and analysis, Ghana was classified into regions of concentration (Alavi, 2013). developed, semi-deprived and deprived. The results One of the most important inequalities is spatial showed that economic growth during this period has inequality, namely unequal economic and social led to a decrease in public poverty, but since the opportunities between towns and villages, small and growth was mainly due to agricultural exports, the large cities, deprived areas, and so on (Chalabi, development gap in the northern areas that could not 1996). In short, spatial inequality increases the compete in agriculture sector, has widened with the likelihood of poverty, unemployment, southern ones. The study suggests that in less marginalization, immigration, and injustice. Today, developed areas, investment should be sufficiently despite various economic developments, the absorbed to flourish economic activity, and the agricultural sector has continued to play an government should play a leading role in productive important role in the development of rural and even investment and social infrastructure. Bargi and urban areas (Molaei Hashtchin and Molaei Parde, Ghanbari (2011) determined the level of 2014; Miteva & Stoyanova, 2012) and sustainable development of Isfahan counties using 14 indices agricultural development has become an integral and Morris method and concluded that the gap and part of national and rural sustainable development inequality between counties in the field of (Cvijanovic et al., 2013). agricultural activities was deep. Falavarjan, Najaf Joae et al. (2001) proposed a method for Abad, were classified as developed counties; classifying different
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