Wagon Tracks Volume 12 Article 1 Issue 3 Wagon Tracks Volume 12, Issue 3 (May 1998)

1998 Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998) Santa Fe Trail Association

Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks Part of the United States History Commons

Recommended Citation Santa Fe Trail Association. "Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)." Wagon Tracks 12, 3 (1998). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1

This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Wagon Tracks by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998) NTRA

VOLUME 12 MAY 1998

NANCY LEWIS JOINS BOARD OF DIRECTORS. NANCY Lewis, Blue Springs, MO, was elected by the board of directors on April 18 to fill the vacancy ofMis­ souri director created by the resigna­ tion of Pauline Fowl~r. A native of Sibley, MO, Nancy grew up on the bluffs of the Missouri River not far from historic Fort Osage. She cur­ TOLL-FREE NUMBER FOR WAGON rently serves as vice-president ofthe TRACKS AND LAST CHANCE STORE Missouri River Outfitters Chapter. 1-888-321-7341 She and husband Don have two grown children, love to travel west­ DEADLINE FOR NEXT ISSUE ern trails (have followed the Santa JULY 20, 1998 Fe and Oregon trails), and present programs on women pIOneers. LINDA. REVELLO. IS SFTA'. Nancy has taught American his­ OFFICE ADMINISTRATOR tory for 30 years, the last 27 years at Truman High School in Independ­ LINDA Revello, Larned, has been ence. She developed and offers a hired to replace Yvonne McIntosh as class for adults entitled "Jackson headquarters office administrator. STANDING OUT WOMAN, County: Trails West." In 1995 and Yvonne, who served as an unpaid by Richard W. Godin . 1996 she was selected by the Trails volunteer and contributed over 2,000 (SFTA member Godin, Woonsocket, West Committee of Independence to hours to SFTA, moved from Larned RI, has written about the Bent family represent the city and the school dis­ to Overland Park, KS, in February. and contributed to WT. He continues trict in a teacher exchange with Ore­ A resolution of appreciation for her to search for information about the gon City, OR. While in Oregon she work is included in this issue. progeny of William Bent an,d' h~s studied the Oregon Trail and pre­ Revello is the first paid employee Cheyenne wives. The followmg ~s sented more than 40 programs about to serve the SFTA headquarters of­ partly an erratum to his "More De­ women who went west. This year she fice. She usually is in the office at the scendants of William Bent," WT, IV was named Missouri Social Studies Santa Fe Trail Center on Tuesday G1,ug. 1990): 7.) . Teacher of the Year. and Thursday (316) 285-2054. Her FURTHER research on the Bents The role of women in the West is duties include processing member­ has revealed additional information .one of her favorite topics. She ships, bookkeeping, filing, data proc­ , about Standing Out Woman, George dresses in period costume and pres­ essing, and other responsibilities as­ Bent's Northern Cheyenne wife. She ents the story of pioneer women. signed by Sec/Treasurer Ruth Olson was the daughter of Coyote Ear and Recently, with Jane and Anne Mal­ Peters. Please contact her with ques­ I•. Miahke Vehoi (White Old Woman),l , linson, Nancy helped create a 50­ tions about membership. born in late winter/early spring of minute video, "Petticoat Pioneers­ Linda formerly served as budget Women Who Made a Difference." 1857 in one of the Northern Chey­ analyst with the National Marine enne camps on Turkey Creek (Solo­ Lewis is also involved with the In­ Fisheries Service in Beaufort, North mon River).2 dependence Attractions Coalition, in Carolina. She also worked part time Her family's rule of residence ap­ which she is engaged in a project to with the Beaufort HistoricalAssocia­ pears to·have been matrilocal.3 This educate volunteers in a knowledge of tion, conducting guided tours is all the more revealing when one historic sites in the Independence through their six historic buildings, considers the historical exploits of area. Anyone who completes the pro­ and for several years also served as her maternal uncles, Two Moon and gram becomes a certified "local tour the education coordinator. She at­ Beaver Claws, both chiefs in their guide." tended the SFTA board meeting in soldier societies, the Kit Foxes and April. Her husband, Felix, is Chief Education is a primary obective of Crazy Dogs respectively. Her cousin, SFTA. This active educator isa pro­ Ranger at Fort Larned National His­ pitious addition. Welcome Nancy! toric Site. Welcome Linda! (continued on page 15)

May 1998 1

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 1 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

. PRESIDENT'S COLUMN mitteechair, emphasized the need to All matters relating to Wagon expand membership. While there Tracks should be directed to SFTA APRIL 18 was not a balmy day in may be 'a perception that the Inter­ Editor Leo E. Oliva, PO Box 31, Santa Fe nor was there much evi­ net is the "way to go," direct contact Woodston KS 67675. dence of spring, but the activity and still remains the most viable recruit­ Telephone: (888) 321-7341 spirit ofthe governing board meeting ment tool. FAX: (785) 425-6865 was bursting with spring-fresh Education Committee's plate is E-Mail: [email protected] ideas. The minutes of the meeting full to overflowing. Karla French will Headquarters ofthe Santa Fe Trail Association are located at the office and the 1997 financial statement go _into greater detail in her "Fort ofSecretary-Treasurer Ruth Olson will not be available until the August Learned" column. Increasing the Peters. Santa Fe Trail Center, RR issue of Wagon Tracks, but there is number of school libraries presently 3, Larned KS 67550. much you should know now, thus receiving Wagon Tracks, depositing , Telephone: (316) 285-2054 this column will capsulize the day's Dave Webb's Adventures With the FAX: (316) 285-7491 E-Mail: [email protected] events. Santa Fe Trail in all Trail states' • , The board adopted a charitable public schools, and, of course, the WAGON TRACKS is the official publication of the Santa Fe Trail donations plan whereby m~mbers Internet are in, the middle of the Association, a nonprofit organiza­ plate. ami friends may remember SFTA in tion incorporated under the laws of J their estate planning. When final­ Ideas are flowing from the Head­ the State of Colorado. Letters and ized, the plan will be promulgated quarters Plan Task Force. Joanne articles are welcome, but they be­ come the property of WT and may through various Association mail­ VanCoevern reported on the Task be edited or abridged at the editor's ings. Ross Marshall was appointed Force's meeting on April 17 which discretion. All rights reserved. An­ temporarily to represent us in the produced a variety of considerations nual subscriptions are.obtained Partnership for National TrailsSys­ for the -long and short term. The through membership in the Asso­ Task Force is looking at additional ciation, whose dues are fixed per tem, an alliance of 16 trail organiza­ calendar year. Checks should be tions who work to support scenic and office equipment needs and an ex­ made payable to the Santa Fe Trail historic trails, with a heavy focus on panded paid staffing plan. We must Association and sent to the secre­ strengthening, Congressional com­ wait until September for the fully­ tary-treasurer. mitment to all trails in the federal drawn plan. To a related matter, Ste­ Membership Categories trails system. A policy covering all phen Whitmore is exploring Associa­ Benefactor $1,000 aspects of our participation in PNTS tion liability insurance, and should Patron $100/year and the process for appointing our have quotations ready in September. Institutional $40/year representative is scheduled for the The Rendezvous 1998 program Family $30/year Individual $25/year September board meeting. generated much enthusiasm (see in­ Youth (18 & under) $15/year sert). Lots of music and dance-we Mapping of the Trail took a giant Editor: Leo E. Oliva, PO Box 31. step forward when mapping-train. will fandango. SFTA will field a Woodston KS 67675 (888) 321­ ing workshops were approved, with baseball team, so you "boys of sum­ 7341, FAX (785) 425-6865 SFTA underwriting the cost. The mer" get in shape. Ruth Peters is President: Margaret Sears, 1871 workshop schedule is outstanding, signing up recruits; give her a call. Candela, Santa Fe NM 87505 (505) and includes didactics, field exer­ David Gaines enumerated the 473-3124 Vice-President: Samuel Arnold, cises, and marking assistance. Phil many activities underway at the Na­ 2221 S Fillmore St, Denver CO Petersen has already notified all tional Park Service. A fabricator for 80210 (303) 753-9161 _ chapters. Hopefully, workshops will .the Trail crossing decals has been se­ Secretary-Treasurer: Ruth Ol­ be up and running before summer lected, and these should be available son Peters, Santa Fe Trail Center, solstice. Who will be the first to at the Last Chance Store in 30-60 RR 3, Larned KS 67550 (316) 285­ 2054, FAX (316) 285-7491 schedule one? The board reviewed days. There is need for a more de­ 1999 Symposium Coordinator: the marker committee guidelines fined liaison between SFTA and NPS Jim Selby, 200 N Chautauqua, and forms. It was agreed that while to strengthen the partnership. Council Grove KS 66846 (316) 767­ much of the information required is The board had the opportunity to 6994. relevant, a simple form is necessary Publicity Coordinator: Michael view samples of the Trail Traveler's E. Pitel, New Mexico Dept ofTour­ now ifthe Trail is ever to be marked. Credential and Certificate program, ism, PO Box 20003, Santa Fe NM When we have gained more knowl­ a/k/a passport, a promo which ap­ 87503 (800) 545-2070 edge of the process, all forms can be peared in February. Wagon Tracks. Directors: completed. Trail travelers should obtain their Morris Alexander, Oklahoma Membership totals dipped 12 per credentials immediately so as not to Jane Lenz Elder, At Large cent in 1997, attributable in part to miss getting them stamped at the Faye Gaines, New Mexico the dues hike, while dues revenue in­ numerous sites between Santa Fe Mary Gamble, Colorado David Hutchison, Oklahoma creased 37 per cent. Reminder no­ and Arrow Rock. Nancy Lewis, Missouri tices were sent in March to those Weare going to Independence for Phil Petersen, Colorado who had not yet renewed for 1998. Symposium 2003, and Anne Mallin­ Joanne VanCoevern, Kansas Response as of April 14 totaled son will coordinate the event. Mter Dave Webb, At Large $4,385, thus reinforcing the impor­ reviewing the fat information packet Stephen Whitmore, New Mexico tance of jogging our memories. the Missouri River Outfitters Chap­ Deanne Wright, Kansas Deanne Wright, membership com- ter compiled, board members were

2 Wagon Tracks May 1998 https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 2 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

,not sure they could wait five years to in 1980. He and Topper were active searched, investigated, located, and visit this special city. in competitive ballroom dancing. written about the Santa Fe Trail and is Honest, this is a capsule view of They had five children, four ofwhom recognized as "the" authority on the survive, and four grandchildren.. Trail in the Independence area, and that busy and productive day in was recognized by the SFTA in 1987 Santa Fe. Almost half the board are Lou became a developer and com­ with an Award of Merit and in 1995 with "freshmen," yet the sophistication munity activist. He served on the the Jack D. Rittenhouse Memorial and knowledge they brought to the Waste Management Commission Stagecoach Award, and table was impressive. You should be and the Environmental Manage­ Whereas, Polly Fowler is a person proud ofyour board. It is serving you ment Commission, both of Kansas who has placed duty to the Associa­ well. City, MO. He was awarded keys to tion and the Santa Fe Trail above per­ -Margaret Sears the cities of Kansas City and St. sonal advancement and gain and has Louis for community involvement. shared the fruits of her work with other He was an honorary member of the researchers, museums, teachers, and 1__l_O_U_IS_S_C_H_U_M_A_C_H_E_R__I educators, and ' • Soil Conservation Society of Amer" The Santa Fe Trail and SFTA lost lca. Whereas, Polly Fowler is an active a great friend and supporter when . member of the Jackson County Histori­ , He founded 3-Trails West, a not­ cal Society, a Charter Member of the • board member Louis Schumacher • for-profit corporation, to identify, Oregon California Trails Association, died May 12, 1998, at his home in certify, and preserve original routes the Santa Fe Trail Association, the Mis­ Kansas City, MO. Memorial services ofthe Santa Fe, Oregon, and Califor­ souri River Outfitters Chapter, and the were held at Schumacher Park, 6601 nia trails through the Kansas City Friends of the National Frontier Trails E 93rd St, Kansas City, MO, on May area. He and Topper donated three Center, and is recognized and re­ 16, with Jeff Stacy of Unity Temple acres of land and established Schu­ spected by her peers as .an outstand­ ing researcher and historian, on the Plaza presiding. Anne MalliIi­ macher Park on the Santa Fe Trail son provided music on the ham­ Work continues on this project. Be it Hereby Resolved, by the mem­ mered dulcimer with a selection of bers of the Santa Fe Trail Association old favorite songs. Family members Lou received many honors for his through its Board, here assembled in shared memories and gave tributes. efforts, including an Award of Merit Santa Fe, New Mexico, this 18th day of Jane Mallinson told of his careful from SFTA, Friends of Trail Award April, 1998, that Polly Fowler has the from the Oregon-California Trails gratitude and admiration of the SFTA , Trail research, his development of , " ,. Association, Certificate of Apprecia­ for all the valuable work she has con­ , . Schumacher Park, and moving the tributed as a member of the Associa­ , , DAR marker. Kansas City Council­ tion from the National Park Service, .. Certificate of Appreciation from the tion. This resolution is intended as an ex­ woman Judy Swope spoke of his pression of the Association's utmost ap­ .., .­ many contributions as a community DAR, and the Gold Award from the preciation and gratitude._ , National Park Service. activist, especially in the field of Resolution of Appreciation and Admi­ " waste management and environ­ Sympathy is extended to the fam­ ration to Yvonne Mcintosh from SFTA ily. Lou will be missed by a host of .. mental protection. Whereas, Yvonne Mcintosh has con­ '. ; friends. Following the services a horse­ tributed over 2,000 hours of volunteer , ­ " drawn Conestoga wagon transported SFTA APPRECIATES work to the Santa Fe Trail Association, -' the coffin along the Santa Fe Trail to and the waiting funeral hearse as the im­ FOWLER AND MCINTOSH Whereas, Yvonne Mcintosh spent an mediate family followed. Mter pri­ AT its April meeting, the SFTA gov­ , hour or two a week beginning in 1990 vate graveside services at Mount erning board unanimously adopted until working about ten hours each week before her retirement in 1998, Moriah Cemetery the family re­ resolutions honoring Pauline Fowler and ceived friends at the home. Memori­ and Yvonne McIntosh. Harry Myers Whereas, Yvonne Mcintosh proc­ als may be sent to 3-Trails West, authored the tribute to Polly and essed and maintained records of SFTA • 5906 E Bannister Rd, Kansas City Deanne Wright to Yvonne. These ex­ membership, and MO 64134, to benefit Schumacher pressions of appreciation follow. Whereas, Yvonne Mcintosh pre­ Park. , Resolution of Respect and Apprecia­ pared membership and financial re­ • Schumacher was born May 5, tion to Pauline Fowler from SFTA ports for SFTA Board of Directors meet­ ings, and 1922, in Portland, OR. He graduated Whereas, Ms. Pauline Fowler (better from Oregon State University in known as "Polly Fowler") who lives on Whereas, Yvonne Mcintosh kept 1947 with a degree in mechanical en­ Santa Fe Road in Independence, Mis­ records of all SFTA accounts and activi­ gineering. He played violin for the souri, has evinced a life-long interest in ties, and Portland Symphony Orchestra. Lou trails, and has served honorably on the Whereas, Yvonne Mcintosh organ­ served as First Lieutenant in the Board of Directors of the Santa Fe Trail ized hospitality for SFTA Board of Direc­ U.S. Army Corps ofEngineers, 1942­ Association since 1991, and has served tors meetings held at the Santa Fe Trail Center, and 1946. He married former First Lieu­ honorably as a resource information person and citizen-advisor to the Na­ tenant Topper Price on December 27, Whereas, Yvonne Mcintosh did all tional Park Service on the Santa Fe Na- ' this work with extraordinary grace and 1947. He began working for Caterpil­ tional Historic Trail Advisory Council for skill, and lar Tractor company in Peoria, IL, in its entire ten-year life, and Whereas, Yvonne Mcintosh repre­ 1947, and joined Dean Machinery Whereas, Polly Fowler's family settled sents the many SFTA volunteers who Co. of Kansas City, MO, in 1958 as in the Independence area soon after carry on the preservation and promo­ executive vice-president, and retired its establishment, and she has re- tion of the Santa Fe Trail, nowtherefore

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 3

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 3 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

Be It Resolved by the members of Association, such as a membership Since these beautiful coins are the Santa Fe Trail Association Board of meeting, workshops, chapter presi­ rarely seen along the Trail today, Directors, here assembled in Santa Fe, dents' breakfast, and governing even in museums, Fort Union Supt. New Mexico, this 18th day of Aprii, board meeting. 1998, that Yvon[le Mcintosh has our ap­ Harry C. Myers had been toying with preciation and admiration for her con­ See the insert in this issue for the idea of reproducing one to sell to tributions to the Santa Fe Trail'Associa­ more details of the fine program of Trail enthusiasts. SFTA member E. tion. music, dancers, speakers, dinners, Donald Kaye of Santa Fe offered to and activities for the whole family. assist with the project by loaning a CHAVEZ MARKER DEDICA- This promises to be one of the most coin from his collection. But when TION JUNE 12, 1998 exciting and best-attended Rendez­ Myers found one minted at Chihua­ vous yet.. Registration packets will hua City in 1850 in near-perfect con­ ACCORDING to early Rice County, be mailed in July. dition at the site ofthe first Fort Un­ KS, settlers, a limestone post in­ ion last June (it could have been lost scribed with the single word BINGHAM SHIRT PATIERN by Kit Carson, James H. Carleton, • CHAVEZ was located south of the Katie Bowen, or one of hundreds of Owl Creek (now Jarvis Creek) Cross­ FUR trappers, Santa Fe traders, people at the post), he politely de­ ing on the Santa Fe Trail. The boatmen, artisans, and merchants of , clined Kaye's offer. • marker, long since gone, was placed the nineteenth century wore loose pullover shirts cut from straight fab­ Southwest Parks and Monuments n~ar the site where Jose Antonio Association has reproduced the 1850 Chavez was killed in 1843 by Jack­ ric pieces. Details of this basic folk garments are shown in the paintings Mexican reale, one version offine sil­ son County Missourians who were ver ($20.95 plus shipping) and the operating as mercenaries in league of George Caleb Bingham, the fa­ mous Missouri artist who began his other of nickel ($5.95 plus shipping). with the Republic of Texas. These beautiful reproduction coins, Present owners of the property, career in Arrow Rock and portrayed frontier life. The pattern for the about the size of a silver dollar, are Don and Lil Zwick, in cooperation now available at some sites along the with the Wet/Dry Routes Chapter of "Bingham Shirt," was designed by Virginia Lee Fisher (charter member Trail and may be ordered from Last the SFTA, are preparing a replica of Chance Store. the historic marker to be placed at of SFTA and former member of the the location of the original stone. governing board) from Bingham's MAPPING TRAINING OFFERED Dedication ofthe marker will be con­ sketches and paintings. It is easily adapted to make comfortable and at­ THE SFTA governing board, at the ducted at 7:00 p.m., June 12, 1998, April 18 meeting, approved and the evening prior to the 2nd Annual tractive garments for men, women, and children. funded as many as four mapping and Seminar conducted by the Wet/Dry marking training sessions to be of­ Chapter. For those who wish to dress in pe­ fered to chapters by board member riod costume at SFTA events, the fall Dr. David Sandoval, professor at and mapping committee chairman Rendezvous would be especially ap­ Southern Colorado University, Pu­ Phil Petersen. Chapter presidents eblo, will present the dedicatory ad­ propria,te, and who possess minimal have already been notified that these sewing skills, this pattern provides dress. All SFTA members and the sessions will be given at no cost to basic instructions for an authentic public are invited to attend. The site the chapters for the speakers. is located four miles east of the junc­ shirt. Fisher has made these pat­ terns available through Last Chance Petersen, and someone from the tion ofthe highways 56 and 14 in Ly­ marker committee, will present the ·ons, KS, three miles south, and one­ Store at an introductory offer of $3 postpaid. one-day training sessions in four half mile east. Road signs will be possible areas along the length ofthe placed to guide visitors to the site. REPRODUCTION MEXICAN Trail. Chapters are responsible for RENDEZVOUS 1988 REALES AVAILABLE cooperating and determining the lo­ cation of these sessions. A local per­ by Ross Marshall LEGEND has it that in late Janu­ son will be in charge of arranging a (Fonner SFTA President Marshall ary 1822, upon return from his first meeting place and obtaining neces­ made arrangements for SFTA to par­ trip to Santa Fe, William Becknell sary equipment. ticipate in the biennial Rendezvous slashed open a bag of coins which Sessions should be scheduled on and serves on the Rendezvous com­ tumbled onto the cobblestone street Saturday and, ideally, be near some mittee.) of Franklin, Missouri. Such was the Trail ruts. Petersen plans to spend profitable result of the legal opening the mornings in a classroom setup F OR the first time the SFTA will co­ of trade with Santa Fe in 1821. and afternoons in the field locating sponsor, along the the Santa Fe Trail These coins were likely Spanish and actually mapping the Trail. A Center and Fort Larned National reales, pieces-of-eight silver coins. member of the marker committee Historic Site, the popular Rendez­ Mter independence from Spain in will also be present to assist with fill­ vous, held in even-numbered years. 1821 and the establishment of the ing out marker forms. Chapters Scheduled for September 24-27, this Mexican Republic, new reales were hosting sessions need to communi­ year's Rendezvous, with the theme of minted for the new nation. They be­ cate with Petersen immediately. Music and Leisure on the Santa Fe came the currency of the Santa Fe Anyone interested in mapping is in­ Trail, will include several events trade and were legal tender in the vited to attend. For information con­ specifically involving members ofthe United States until 1857. tact Phil Petersen at (719) 384-8113.

4 Wagon Tracks May 1998 https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 4 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

MARGARET SEARS RECEIVES meeting· Willard Chilcott, who December. PRESERVATION AWARD kindly donated the passports, certifi­ Lyons: Coronado Quivira Muse­ cates, and initial stamps, reported um, 105 W Lyon, Lyons KS 67554. SFTA President Margaret Sears on final preparations, and Mike Pitel was among the those recognized by Pawnee Rock: Pawnee Ro~k Post reported that the publicity campaign Office. the New Mexico Historic Preserva­ for the passports would be launched tion Division in an awards ceremony on Memorial Day. Larned: Santa Fe Trail Center, RR 3, Larned KS 67550, and Fort on May 8, during the observance of Every attempt has been made in New Mexico Preservation Week. Six­ Larned NHS, RR 3, Larned KS the past two years to contact p.eople, 67550. teen awards are given annually to businesses, and chapter preSIdents individuals, programs, and groups to request sample art work for on~ Dodge City: Dodge City Visitors' who have exhibited the highest stan­ free rubber stamp per community. and Convention Bureau, 400 W Wy­ dards of work in the preservation of Ideally, the more locations within a att Earp Blvd, Dodge City KS 67801. • the cultural and architectural heri­ community that a Trail Traveler Lakin: Kearny County Historical tage of New Mexico. may obtain a rubber-stamp cancella­ Society, 101-111 S Buffalo St, Lakin Sears was honored in recognition tion, the more opportunity a busi­ KS 67860. , • of her long-standing commitment to ness has to prosper and for travelers Oklahoma: the preservation of the Santa Fe to learn about the Trail in your coni­ Boise City: Cimarron Heritage Trail. She is the past president ofthe munity. A list of stamp locations as Center, PO Box 214, Boise City OK End of the Trail Chapter, has served of April 1998 follows, so get your 73933. on the New Mexico Santa Fe Trail passports and start collecting the Colorado: Scenic Byway Advisory Committee, stamps as you travel the Trail. Las Animas: Boggsville Historic and has volunteered with the Missouri: National Park Service's Santa Fe Site, Las Animas CO 81054. Office for nearly four years. Sears New Franklin: South Howard La Junta: Bent's Old Fort, 35110 received the SFTA's Award of Merit County Historical Society, PO Box Hwy 194 East, La Junta CO 81050. 234, New Franklin MO 65274. A for organizing the 1996 Entrada, the Trinidad: Trinidad History New Franklin stamp is available at reenactment of William Becknell's Museum, 300 E Main, Trinidad CO the New Franklin Post Office. entrance into Santa Fe in 1821. Con­ 80182; cancellation available during gratulations Margaret! Arrow Rock: Arrow Rock State the summer. Historic Site, PO Box 1, Arrow Rock New Mexico: MO 65320. You may request creden­ tials and have your credential veri­ Raton: Raton Chamber & Eco­ _ i fied to receive a certificate from the nomic Development Council,Tourist " Friends ofArrow Rock, PO Box 124, Information Center, 100 Clayton Rd, Arrow Rock MO 65320. intersection ofhighways 87/64 and S Second St. Independence: National Frontier Trails Center, 318 W Pacific, Inde­ Cimarron: Cimarron Chamber of pendence MO 64050. Commerce, Cimarron NM 87714. Kansas: Watrous: Fort Union National Monument, Watrous NM 87753. Shawnee: Johnson County Mu­ seum, Lanesfield School House, 6305 Santa Fe: Palace ofthe Governors, I Lackman, Shawnee KS 66217. on the Plaza, PO Box 2087, Santa Fe ! NM 87504. Margaret Sears (center) receiving pre­ Olathe: Numerous locations, in­ servation award from Karl W. Laum­ cluding Olathe Visitors' and Conven­ Credentials are available to ser­ • bach, vice-chair of NM State Cultural tion Bureau located at 100 E Santa ious Trail travelers while supplies Properties Review Committee. a~d Fe Olathe KS 66051. Other sites in­ last. Additional cancellations are Lynne Sebastian, NM State Histone cl~de available for National Park Pass­ , Mahaffie Farmstead and • Preservation Officer, May 8, 1998. Stagecoach Stop at 1100 Kansas City ports at 11 National Park Service Road Great Mall of the Plains, the certified sites along the Trail. GET YOUR TRAIL TRAVELER'S Prairie Center, Kansas Machine PASSPORT STAMPED Shed Restaurant, Ernie Miller Na­ DC RUTS REDEDICATED by Joy Poole ture Center, Holiday Inn, Comfort SFTA me~ber Bill Bunyan served Suite, and the Christian Book and as master of ceremonies at the re­ (Founder and official "Mother of the Gift Shoppe. Santa Fe Trail Association," Poole dedication of the Trail ruts west of served a decade on the SFTA govern­ Council Grove: Council Grove and Dodge City on May 1. The Boot Hill Morris County Convention and Visi­ ing board. She is chair of the travel­ Museum, Dodge City, Ford County, er's passport committee.) tors' Bureau, 200 W Main St, Council and the National Park Service coop­ Grove KS 66846. erated to provide ADA-accessible A replica of the Santa Fe Trail Hillsboro: Hillsboro Historical So­ ramps and new signs at the site. Re­ Traveler's Credential and Certificate ciety and Pioneer Adobe House Mu­ enactor Steve Germes, Lakin, KS, appeared as an insert in the Febru­ seum, 501 SAsh St, Hillsboro KS opened the program with his por­ ary issue of WT. At the April board 67063; cancellation available March- trayal of a frontier scout. John Cono-

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 5

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 5 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

boy, National Park Service, spoke KAW WARRIOR STATUE DEDI­ BULLWHACKING about development of the site. CATION AT COUNCIL GROVE by Marc Simmons Members of the DAR were on hand for the ceremony. SFTA mem­ by Deanne Wright (SFTA founder, first president, and bers Pat Traffas, Kansas DAR Re­ (SFTA board member Wright is cura­ officially designated "Father of the gent, and Dixie Oringderff, regent of tor ofKaw Mission at Council Grove). Santa Fe Trail Association," Marc the Dodge City Chapter of DAR, Simmons kindly offered to share this bronze statue ofa Kaw (or Kansa) rededicated DAR marker # 67 at the A column with WT. It is reprinted from warrior, the "Guardian of the site. This stone was originally set the Santa Fe Reporter, March 11-17, Grove," will be dedicated Saturday, three miles east of Cimarron in Gray 1998.) June 13, at 5 pm during the Wah­ County but was moved in the 1960s. Shun-Gah Days Festival in Council Itwas relocated to this site in 1997. THE ancient art of long-haul bull­ Grove, KS. Placed in juxtaposition to whacking is dead. It no longer has a . The special. program concluded the Madonna of the Trail statue at with a first-person historical inter­ place in the modern world. The last • the intersection of Highways 177 stand of the bullwhacker (or ox pretation. by SFTA' Ambassador and 56, the statue honors the Indian David K. Clapsaddle, Larned, KS, of drover) was the old Santa Fe Trail, tribe for which Kansas is named (the whose wagon trains ran cross­ Richard Blinn, whose wife Clara and Kansa or Kaw). The statue is the re­ son Willie were captured in an cquntry for almost 60 years, down to sult of a five-year fund-raising effort 1880. Indian raid in 1868. led by the Friends ofKaw Heritage, a Mules first were tried on the trail support organization for the Kaw TRAIL CENTER STAFF UPDATE and worked fairly well, pulling the Mission State Historic Site. CHANGES are occurring at the giant freight wagons. But in the late Mark Samsel, Council Grove art­ 1820s merchant Charles Bent exper­ Santa Fe Trail Center, Larned, KS. ist and sculptor, envisioned this Alan Hitz, who served as archi­ imented with oxen and discovered statue while on a walk in the Flint they performed as well or better. vist/education director, recently ac­ Hills ofKansas. He conducted exten­ The term oxen refers to any cattle cepted a position with the Union Pa­ sive research to create a representa- used as draft animals. Both bulls cific Railroad. During his seven-year . tion that is deeply rooted in the his­ and steers qualified, but on Western tenure, Hitz's responsibilities in­ toric and natural context of Council trails the former predominated. cluded caring for the Center's library Grove. The statue is being cast at the and archives, assisting researchers, Eldon Tefft Studio and Foundry in Many of the retired drovers, who cataloging and indexing archival col­ Lawrence, KS. wrote down their reminiscences, in­ lections, developing and presenting The Kaw Nation of Oklahoma has cluded a statement like this: "Seek­ programs to schools and civic groups, ing adventure in my youth, I signed conducting museum tours, and serv­ endorsed the sculpture and will par­ ticipate in its dedication. Also at on driving bulls to Santa Fe." ing as newsletter editor. Hitz also as­ Wah-Shun-gah Days, the Kaw Na­ For many years, Independence, sisted when needed with nearly tion will hold its Council Grove In­ MO, served as the trailhead and out­ every aspect of the museum's opera­ fitting point. There you could buy tions, including exhibit planning and ternational Powwow for the first time on the grounds of the Kaw Mis­ draft stock, equipment, and supplies. installation, assisting with special A new ox yoke cost $3 and you might events, and serving as the computer sion State Historic Site. Previously, the powwow had been get it custom-carved to comfortably wizard. fit the necks of specific animals. Betsy Crawford-Gore was ap­ held at the ball park. The change in location places the powwow where Freighters bought oxen from local pointed to the full-time position of the new Neosho Riverwalk opens di­ farmers and of course preferred the curator upon Hitz's departure. She experienced kind. But often they had served as the Centers archivist/edu­ rectly onto the Kaw Mission grounds and returns the powwow to its place to take some young, green stock also, cation director from 1984-1988. She as the central event of Wah-Shun­ and hope they could learn "on the has served as archival consultant at Gah Days in Council Grove. job." the Dubuque County Historical So­ That situation always provided a ciety and at the University of Du­ The Neosho Riverwalk features the historic crossing of the Santa Fe free circus with the initial hitching­ buqueo in Iowa. She has also been up near the Independence square. employed as a seasonalPark Ranger Trail. An interpretive wayside ex­ The whackers would rope the new at Fort Larned National Historic hibit sponsored by the National Park Site, where her focus was curatorial Service and Council Grove is near a oxen by the horns and tie on to a wagon wheel as anchor. work. For the past two years she has low-water walking bridge over the worked part-time as the Center's gift Neosho. Nine more wayside exhibits Then a pair ofthese unruly young­ shop assistant and was appointed will be placed in Council Grove later sters was placed under a yoke and .part-time collections curator in 1997. this summer. locked in with ox bows. The process As full-time curator, Crawford-Gore Information about the dedication was attended by much kicking and will care for and catalog both the and the powwow is available from bellowing, to the delight of bystand­ three-dimensional and archival col­ Deanne Wright, Curator, Kaw Mis­ ers. lections. The museum is currently sion State Historic Site, 500 N Mis­ Up to six or more pairs, or spans, seeking a person' to fill the part-time sion, Council Grove, KS 66846 (316)­ under yoke were used to draw a .position of education director. 767-5410. wagon. A heavy, seasoned span was

6 Wagon Tracks May 1998 https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 6 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

placed fIrst, next to the wagon, these trail, spoke wistfully of what they one example, she says in the Intro­ two were called the wheelers. had seen ·and done. duction that "... this book examines A~ead of them came the swings; Much of the lore associated with the controversy [what controversy?] that IS the middle spans. Green oxen bullwhacking has been forgotten, regarding economic control of the went here, where they could do the and probably never can be recovered. Santa Fe trade before and after the least damage. But the scattered fragments Mexican War. Unfortunately, lack of· Finally, out front were the lead­ remaining suggest that this chapter systemic information regarding own­ ers, old pros who were lighter than in the story of overland trans­ ership, the value and amount ofmer­ the wheelers. Frequently, they were portation was a fascinating one, and chandise and ~ts origin and fInal des­ leggy Texas range cattle, able to set a played a signifIcant role in westward tination prevents a defInitive analy­ fast pace for the rest of the team. expanSIOn. sis of the trade between New Mexico and the United States during the Many journals mention the loud nineteenth century." Well, I thought cursing of the bullwhackers when • that analysis was supposed to be the they yoked up. In fact, profanity was subject of this book. . their hallmark, much to the discom­ I'd like to quote the entire second , fort of other travelers. CONVERSE OF THE • paragraph on page 67 of the book Susan Magoffin, for one, in her PRAIRIES but you'll have to read that yourself: 1846 diary said, "I scarcely believe SuffIce it to say that it is a litany of they need so much swearing!" . -BOOK NOTICES- what data don't exist, or that the The freighting company of Rus­ Susan C?alafate Boyle, Los Capitalis­ tas: HLspano Merchants and the author didn't fInd. The book reveals sell, Majors and Wadell in the 1860s about as much ofthe lack ofinforma- made the drovers clean up their act. Santa Fe Trade. Albuquerque: Uni­ versity of New Mexico Press, 1997. .tion as information. It is, in fact, a se­ To get a job with the firm, they had to ries of inconclusive anecdotes. sign a pledge not to cuss. Pp. xvii + 236: Maps, illustrations, notes, appendices, glossary, bibliog­ There are many other.faults with The company also gave every man raphy, index. Cloth,.$45.00. this attempt to write about an impor­ a Bible to carryon the trail. As a re­ There is less here than meets the tant subject. One example: the sult, these employees were nick­ author states that Felipe Chavez named "Bible Backs," or B.B.'s for eye.1.'his book consists of 236 pages, ofwhich 114 are "text," including the (the subject ofan entire chapter) ". . short, by other drovers. Preachers of seldom hesitated to lend money . " the day, when warning their flocks Introduction and Conclusion, and the rest appendices-some of which yet ... seldom failed to charge the not to use profane language, some­ prevailing interest on his loans." A ., times added, "unless you are whack­ are of dubious value and of little in­ terest to the general reader-and few pages later she says, "... with ing bulls on the Santa Fe Trail." few exceptions there is no informa­ Many folks .believed a bull train Notes, the latter taking up 47 pages. Usually a note is supposed to cite a tiO? on the interest rates he charged, could not be managed properly with­ or lfhe regularly did so." Excuse me? out curses. source or confirm an assertion by ref­ erence to some other evidence but Nevertheless, the chapter on Fe­ Whackers by custom walked the this author sometimes stick~ in lipe Chavez is probably the best part entire distance to New Mexico beside notes to write about something that ofthe.book. It does give us something their teams. To control them, they probably should be in the text itself, of a pIcture of the man and his trade used shouted commands (or profan­ or to tell another anecdote. Finally, ~r~ctices, but even here the writing ity) and a long whip known as a there is a 19-page bibliography. lsn t well organized and reveals the blacksnake. Los Capitalistas addresses an im­ author's liking for lists that don't This whip was the emblem or portant subject, the role of Hispanic particularly prove the points she is tra~emark of the bullwhacker's pro­ ~erchants, traders, or "capitalists," trying to make. feSSIOn and he was a master when it III the history of the Santa Fe trade, There is no question that the came to skillful use. With the mere but alas, it is more of a misaddress author did a lot of research. How­ flip ofthe wrist, a man could take off ), ever, in my view, this book is little • than an address. Stylistically, the the head ofa rattlesnake at 20 paces. book is in parts very tedious to read, more than a gluing together of 3x5 . When the whacker popped his and unnecessarily so. The author is cards (or computer notes), and with fIve-pound whip, it sounded like a overly fond of using Spanish words not much glue. I have no doubt that pistol shot. But seldom did he actu­ where English would do just fine. Ms. Boyle's research will be valuable ally touch the rumps of his beloved Moreover, she uses Spanish words to some subsequent author who, one oxen. The noise alone conveyed his for which neither she nor the reader hopes, will write the book she tried wishes, and the beasts responded. knows the meaning (measurements but failed to write. Mter a few days on the trail, the· weights, and the like). Why? ' -E. Donald Kaye green oxen settled down and daily The book is notable for the in­ (SFTA member Kaye, Santa Fe, is a work became routine. Evenings stances in which the author asserts r~tire~ Army ~fficer who has a long­ around the campfIre there was music something and then adds that the tune mterest m the history of New and storytelling. records are absent or incomplete or Mexico, Arizona, and Colorado. He Bullwhackers, years later recall­ untrustworthy. One has to wonder holds an A.B. from the University of ing their experiences on the open on what she bases the assertions. As Chicago, an M.B.A. from Harvard,

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 7

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 7 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

J.D. from the University of Denver, Trail, now completely revised and a narrative overview of events. and is a member of the Board of Di­ updated, including many new photo­ • •• • rectors of the Historical Society of graphs. Originally published in Roger D. Launius, Alexander Wil­ New Mexico.) 1972, the best just got better, and it limn Doniphan: Portrait of a Mis­ • • • • remains the quintessential guide for souri Moderate. Columbia: Univer­ Evelyn A. Barlow, Emily and the anyone following any portion of the sity ofMissouri Press, 1997. Pp. xiv + Santa Fe Trail. Shawnee Mission, historic road to Oregon. 316. Maps, illustrations, notes, bibli­ KS: Rock Creek Press, 1998. Il­ Part I provides a brief overview of ography, index. Cloth, $37.50. lustrated by Linda Newton. Pp. 64. the history and significance of the SFTA members will be most inter­ Paper, $8.00, plus $2.00 shipping, Oregon Trail; Part II offers detailed ested in the portions of this volume available from John Wornall House directions to find the trail from Mis­ dealing with Doniphan's Expedition Museum, 146 W 61st Terrace, Kan­ souri to Oregon, and Part III outlines during the Mexican-American War, sas City MO 64113 (816) 444-1858. a "speed trip" (about 10 days) over 1846-1847. The rest of the story of This' short novel is intended for the 2,000-mile route. Franzwa has this Missouri attorney is absorbing readers in the sixth through eighth done himself and the Oregon Trail too, for Doniphan (1808-1887) was a grades. It is the story ofEmily John­ proud. fascinating character. . son, a twelve year old who convinces • • •• His representation of the Mor­ • her father to let her accompany his Thomas S. Edrington and John Tay­ mons in Missouri during the late wagon load of goods to Santa Fe in 'lor, The Battle of Glorieta Pass: A 1830s is one of the strong sections of 1846. Traveling in the same caravan Gettysburg ofthe West, March 26-28, this biography. Doniphan's family is Susan Shelby Magoffin, whom 1862. Albuquerque: University of life was tragic; he lost both sons and Emily meets and befriends. Some of New Mexico Press, 1998. Pp. ix + his wife at an early age. An influen­ Emily's experiences are based on ac- , 176. Maps, illustrations, notes, ap­ tial Whig in Missouri politics, Doni­ tual events in Magoffin's diary. pendix, bibliography, index. Cloth, phan held office for only a short time. With one vital exception, the $30.00. He was a moderate during and after author follows the story of the Trail There have been many accounts of the Civil War. His later life and ca­ closely. Scenes of "catching up," this Civil War battle on the Santa Fe reer were rather uneventful,espe­ camp cooking (Emily cooks for a Trail, that has long been considered cially compared to the first 40 years "mess" of ten men), weather, creek the turning point of the conflict in and his popularity at the end of the crossings and other developments the Southwest. These authors chal­ war with Mexico. ring true. A short vocabulary guide lenge that view, concluding the bat­ His tenure as colonel of the First would have aided readers confronted tle was "not a Gettysburg in the Missouri Volunteers was the high- with unfamiliar Trail terms, though West, but a hollow and bloody adden­ 'light of his public life. The author there is an attempt in the text itself dum to a campaign whose outsome knows more about Doniphan than to demonstrate what a "tar pot" or had already been decided" (p. 122). about the Santa Fe Trail and the "dutch oven" might be. Two plot ele­ They declare that, even had the Con­ war, but he provides a good over­ ments include a mysterious package federates not lost the supply train, view. This is the best biography of wrapped in blue paper which Emily they could not have taken Fort Un­ Doniphan to date. is entrusted to deliver in Santa Fe ion and its storehouses of supplies. • • • • and a thirteen-year-old boy, Hawk This handsome volume .is well il­ Jane Mallinson, Nancy Lewis, and Hammond, who starts out resenting lustrated and includes good maps. Anne Mallinson, Petticoat Pioneers, Emily but ends up being her friend. The format is the same as Taylor's Video. Shawnee: Kaw Valley Films The Mexican-American War is not Bloody Valverde (1995), which concl­ & Video, 1998, 52 minutes, $49.95 mentioned in the book at all, even uded that Valverde was the decisive plus $4.00 shipping; order from Jane though Emily is traveling the Trail battle ofthe war in New Mexico. The Mallinson, PO Box 8604, Sugar in ,1846. This is a curious omission research is impressive. The text is a Creek MO 64054. and gives an inaccurate picture of fair summary of events, but' little This professional video, produced this pivotal year on the Santa Fe that is new has been added. by Jane and John Mallinson and Trail. Consequently, the book serves There are a few errors that lead written by SFTA members, intro­ as an introduction to Trail lore but one to question the authors' under­ duces the changing roles and impor­ not to Trail history. standing of the records. John C. tance of women in the American -Mike Olsen McFerran, who may have been the' West during the 19th century. It is • • • • ,most important Union officer in New designed to be used in the classroom. Gregory M. Franzwa, The Oregon Mexico during the Civil War, is men­ The script, photography, and nar­ Trail Revisited. Silver,Anniversary tioned only in footnotes where he is ration are well done (except for the Edition, Tucson: The Patrice Press, identified' simply as "McFiman." mispronunciation of "Arkansas Ri­ 1997. Foreword by Robert M. Utley. SFTA member Francis Kajencki's ver"). A few women are selected to Pp. xxiii + 419. Maps, illustrations, name is misspelled (p. 100). The au­ represent the theme: Sacagawea bibliography, index. Paper, $19.95, thors discredit some myths and per­ who helped guide Lewis and Clark, plus $3.95 shipping, available from petuate others. Mary Easton Sibley who established Patrice Press (800) 367-9242. This is not the final word on Glori­ the school that became Lindenwood This is the fIfth edition of Franz­ eta Pass, but readers may want this College, Amanda Young Brown wa's classic guide to the Oregon book for the illustrations, maps, and (daughter of Hiram Young at Inde-

8 Wagon Tracks May 1998 https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 8 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

pendence MO) who graduated from NORTH BRANCH OF THE OLD SPANISH TRAIL Oberlin College and became an edu­ cator, Christiana McCoy (wife of by Jack Nelson Isaac McCoy) who taught Indian children, women who traveled the (Nelson is president of the, North the Indians, whose land the Spanish Santa Fe and Oregon trails,the Har­ Branch Chapter, Old Spanish Trail had invaded, lasted for decades. vey girls, and others. Association. Membership in the Old Trails used by military expeditions Spanish Trail Association may be ob­ led north from Santa Fe into the San Unfortunately the continuity is tained by sending $10 a year per in­ Luis Valley and the area north ofthe disrupted near the end by switching dividual, $15 for a family, or $25 for Taos Pueblo. These routes, eventu­ to the story of the DAR (another an institution to OSTA, PO Box 430, ally became heavily used to re­ topic for another place). This incon­ Del Norte CO 81132.) supply the military and the settlers gruity is a distraction (almost a com­ in the San Luis Valley area. mercial) rather than a complement. THE. Old Spanish Trail played a This space would be much better large role in the' development of The Ute Indians, whose hunting used by presenting more women of trade and travel between two far­ grounds extended throughout much the 19th-century West, especially flung areas of settlement during the ofUtah and the western halfofColo­ those who took homesteads or oper­ early nineteenth century. Stretching rado, had created and used trails ated small-town businesses, to en­ over 1,200 miles between Santa Fe, which crisscrossed the entire region. hance the objectives of the program. New Mexico, and Los Angeles, Cali­ Among the fIrst documented Span­ fornia, the trail aided in creating a ish expeditions to penetrate this THE WAGON TONGUE sense of unity between people still area was one noted by a Spanish under the influence of Mexico. Kit priest, Fray Alonso de Posoda. He -OBSERVATIONS &OPINIONS- Carson described it as never more mentioned having known of the area near the confluence ofthe White and (This column, the title of which is an than a mule-pack-train route. It Green Rivers as 'early as the 1680s. unpardonable play on words, invites crossed some of the most rugged ter­ Another intrepid traveler, Juan readers to speak their thoughts or the rain imaginable: deserts, mountains, canyons, and swift, treacherous riv­ Maria de Rivera, was in the Delta, thoughts of· others related to the ers. The terrain dictated the long CO, region as early as 1765. He may •. Trail, SFTA, and the human condi­ . . sinuous route through New Mexico, even have sent two of his scouts as . tion. Submissions will be included . .' Colorado, Utah, Arizona, Nevada, far north as the Colorado River. and edited at the editor's discretion.) - . and California. The one expedition ofvital historic "I was always complaining about Unlike the heavily traveled Santa interest was that of Fathers Dam. '~., the ruts in the road until I realized Fe and Oregon trails, the Old Span­ inguez Ijlnd Escalante, which.trav- .' ,. that the ruts are the road." ish Trail left few lasting physical ersed the Uncompahgre Plateau, -Unknown scars to mark its passage. Wagon­ passed through the Montrose and • • • • wheel ruts, cut into stone, will last Delta, CO, area, crossed over Grand The enclosed photos [not printed for centuries, but pack-animal tracks Mesa, then proceeded north and : . because' burned pasture is mostly usually remained until a sand storm. west across the Book Cliff Range to '. ' black] show what a "great" job the The Old Spanish Trail, in general, travel through northeast Utah. They Boot Hill Museum and National followed a route north and west of eventually returned to Santa Fe by / Park Service are doing to protect the Santa Fe to present Durango, CO, going south through Utah then going Trail ruts west of Dodge City. I continued on to cross the Colorado east after reaching the vicinity of St. stopped at the site the first part of River near Moab, UT, then on to an­ George. April. Not only was the site burned, other ford at Green River, UT. From but you can see vehicle (possibly It was not until after Mexico that river crossing, the trail went ATV) tracks going across the swales. achieved independence from Spain, west before turning near Price, UT. There isn't a lot that can be done if in 1821, that the North Branch ofthe It then followed a southwest course the government involved doesn't Old Spanish Trail came into its own. to Los Angeles. give a damn, and that is certainly With the burgeoning fur trade, be­ what it looks like west of Dodge. Divergent trails, usually estab­ ginning in the 1820s, the need for a lished for convenience, necessity, or source of supply to fill the needs of Ray E. Jenkins economic gain, branched off the Old the mountain men trapping in the 1687 Rheims Ct Spanish Trail, especially near its ori­ fur-rich region of northeast Utah Montrose CO 81410 gins out ofSanta Fe. One such a trail and western Colorado created a need I appreciate your concern but has become known as the North for an access tr!il. would note that fire is a part ofgrass­ Branch. The fabled mountain men were land ecology. The tracks are un­ Soon after Santa Fe was founded the ones who created a viable trail, sightly but probably caused no per­ in the early 1600s, small outlying beginning in the middle 1820s, that manent damage. The bridges over the settlements to the north were estab­ stretched from Santa Fe and Taos ruts, however, are much more offen­ lished. Small garrisons of military into northeastern Utah. Men with sive and destructive of whatever his­ personnel were housed in tiny make­ the names of Louis and Antoine Ro­ torical integrity this site once had. shift forts to serve as a buffer zone to bidoux, William Wolfskill, George C. Your conclusion is warranted. protect Santa Fe from marauding In­ Yount, Antoine Leroux, and Kit Car­ Editor dians. An uneasy relationship with son, to name a few, left an ephemeral

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 9

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 9 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

trail, etched only in the pages of his­ Branch traveled. From the ford, the tory. trail followed the north bank of the Antoine Robidoux established two river west for over twenty miles bef­ trading.posts. Fort Uncompahgre lo­ ore it branched once more. One route cated near Delta, CO, was erected in later became a well-used wagon trail the 1820s. Robidoux founded Fort followed the "Grand" River as far Uintah, on the Uintah River in Utah, south and west as the Delores River sometime in the early 1830s. To re­ before turning to the northwest. supply these outposts, a trail to and Traversing the barren, almost wa­ from the nearest source for trade terless desert for many miles, the merchandise was vital. A route, with North Branch finally connected once shortcuts and bypasses, came into again with the main route ofthe Old heavy use between 1827 and 1844, SpanishTrail near Green River, UT. traveled by pack mules laden with Another trail which branched off " up to 300 pounds of supplies and at Salt Creek was heavily used by equipment. the trader/trapper mule-train pack­ A fine example of the American Indian This route, usually called the Old ers. This route crossed the desert ter­ horse in residence at Rancho San Fran­ Spanish Trail by those using it, has rain until reaching Westwater Creek cisco, Lockhart, TX. recently been recognized as the Canyon. Ascending the steep Book one less vertebrae than other horses. North Branch. The North Branch di­ Cliff Range, this well-traveled route verged from the main route at a river crossed the mountains to reach the In 1861 a search was made of re­ crossing ofthe Rio Grande at the San Green River near its confluence with mote ranching areas and Indian res­ Juan Pueblo north of Santa Fe. Two the White River. Mter fording the ervations to identify horses which routes went north, one on each side Green River, the Trail went up the possess the characteristic of Barb/ of the San Luis Valley. Mter con­ Uintah, or "Winty" River to old Fort Andalusian descendants. These ani­ verging at Saguache, the Trail con­ .Uintah. mals became the genesis for the tinued north to Cochetopa Pass, Both Fort Uncompahgre and Fort American Indian Horse Registry where it divided again. One route Uintah were destroyed by Indian subsequently established. Head­ went west to Montrose and the Un­ raids about 1844. Their destruction, quarters for the registry is at Rancho compahgre River Valley, then swung along with the demise of the fur .San Francisco near Lockhart, TX. north to Antoine Robidoux's fort trade, virtually closed long stretches Further information can be obtained near Delta. Another trail, and one of the North Branch of the Old by writing the Registry at RR 3 Box probably heavily used by supply Spanish Trail at that time. Existing 64, Lockhart TX 78644. trains, followed down Cochetopa for only a short period in history, the Creek, to ford the Gunnison River, North Branch should never be POST OFFICE OAK .then traveled the north side of the forgotten. Wagon trains were to -LETTERS- river west. Upon reaching the area of follow much of its route beginning in Curecante. Creek, a trail traversed the 1850s, only to be supplanted by Editor: the canyon to head north and west to modern highways. A full day's trek Having just returned from the reach Fort Uncompahgre. Another by mule pack train is now traveled in mid-year board of directors meeting route ascended Ohio Creek after less than an hour by today's automo­ in Santa Fe, I feel that special appre­ fording the Gunnison River, then af­ biles. ciation should be extended to the ter peaking out near Kebler Pass, board and officers for their continu­ dropped down through the Anthra­ AMERICAN INDIAN HORSE ing to meet twice a year to devote cite Creek watershed then on to Fort by David K.Clapsaddle their energies toward Association Uncompahgre. THE American Indian horse, de­ business. Much is being accom­ Fort Uncompahgre appeared to be rived from Barb and Andalusian plished and President Margaret a focal point for trade with the Ute stock and brough~ to the western Sears has done a good job of leading Indians and a supply center for the hemisphere by Spanish explorers in the board's effort to address the is­ trappers and forts up in northeast­ the 15th and 16th centuries, was a sues important to the Trail, the As­ ern Utah and southern Wyoming. small but sturdy animal. Ranging in sociation, and our chapters. The North Branch solidified into one height from thirteen to sixteen Ross Marshall trail at the fort, to head north to the hands and weighing seven hundred 6624 Craig Rd vital "crossing of the Grand." The to one thousand pounds, the Indian Merriam KS 66202 Grand, as the Colorado River was horse has a narrow chest and trim Editor: called at that time, could be safely legs. Sometimes solid colored and I thank everyone for the prayers, crossed at one ofits few fords located sometimes spotted, the Indian horse cards, and good wishes while I was in present Grand Junction, CO (up­ appears in virtually every color recuperating from hip surgery. I per end of the accessible arroyo still known to equinity. Perhaps the most have a brand new store-bought hip visible at 2825 Unaweep Avenue). outstanding quality is a docile na­ joint. Hip, Hip, Hurray! The "Crossing of the Grand" was to ture which endeared them to their Paul F. Bentrup become a virtual funnel over which Indian owners. Genetically, many of PO Box 595 almost all traffic over the North the American Indian horses have Lakin KS 67860

10 Wagon Tracks . May1998 https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 10 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

THE CADDO AGENCY SITE AND JOHN W. PROWERS'S FIRST RANCH AT BIG TIMBERS, BENT COUNTY, COLORADO . by Richard F. Carrillo and Philip L. Petersen

(Richard Carrillo is a historical ar­ Valley was a response to both the rado remained sparse in the early chaeologist and Phil Petersen is his­ Santa Fe trade and the Colorado 1860s because of the Civil War and torical researcher at Boggsville. Both gold rush. In 1859 William Bent was Indian problems. The decade of the are residents of La Junta, CO, and appointed Indian agent for the tribes 1860s, especially the early portion, members ofSFTA. Petersen serves on located on the Upper Platte and Ar­ was one ofpersistent turmoil caused the board of directors and is chair­ kansas rivers. He made improve­ . by tribes in the area. During this pe­ man ofthe mapping committee. This ments to his ranch on the Purgatoire riod treaties were signed and reser­ article is adapted from a larger study River, near its confluence with the vations established. The Southern of archaeological investigations con­ Arkansas, about that time. In 1860 Cheyennes and Southern Arapahos • ducted in 1995 at the Caddo Agency Thomas O. Boggs acquired over 2,000 signed the Fort Wise Treaty of 1861, and John W. Prowers's Ranch, pre­ acres of the Las Animas Land Grant which mandated the exchange of pared for the Pioneer Historical Soci­ along the Purgatoire, south of Bent's their traditional hunting land be­ \ ety of Bent County, Las Animas, Ranch, which he used as a summer tween the Platte and Arkansas riv­ Colorado, with funds provided by the range for livestock ers for a smaller reservation extend­ Colorado Historical Society.) The United States Army re­ ing from Sand Creek to the Huerfano THE story ofthe Caddo Agency site mained an important presence in the along the Arkansas River. and John W. Prowers's first ranch region. Soldiers attempted to guar­ Some members of these tribes along the Arkansas River in present antee the safety of settlers by con­ never accepted the treaty, and they southeastern Colorado has a connec­ trolling the Indian population and by continued to raid. Army reprisals fol­ tion with the history of the Santa Fe providing secure outposts for trading lowed. The situation degenerated in Trail as well as the immediate re­ and a communication network. The 1864. Violence spread along the Ar­ gion. The following provides general increase in traffic over the Santa Fe kansas Valley and southeastern ", , background and a summary history Trail to the mining regions of Colo­ Colorado during the late spring of this site. rado created problems with Indians when Cheyennes .attacked and ".; . The Mexican-American War, 1846 of the region. As a consequence, the burned the Missouri Stage Compa­ to 1848, ended with the Treaty of War Department, on June 30, 1860, ny's Iron Spring stage station, lo­ ,- ordered a military fort to'be con­ cated on the Mountain Route of the ...... Guadalupe Hidalgo which confirmed i Timbers~ annexation of Mexico's far northern structed at Big Santa Fe TraiL The murder of the • frontier by the United States, includ­ In September companies of the Hungate family near Denver led to a • ing the present states of Nevada, First U.S. Cavalry and the Tenth series of events eventually resulting U.S. Infantry arrived at Bent's New in the Sand Creek Massacre. The Utah, California, Arizona, New Mex­ .. , ico, and portions of Colorado. There Fort. The site selected for the con­ warfare came to a temporary halt , followed two decades of transition, struction of the new fort was bottom the following year when several leading to permanent Hispanic and land about one-half mile west of plains tribes signed the treaties of Anglo-American occupation ofsouth­ Bent's New Fort on the north side of the Little Arkansas. The Southern eastern Colorado. The fur and buf­ the Arkansas River. Constructed of Cheyennes and Arapahos were as­ falo trade declined while a few hardy adobe and initially named Fort Wise signed reservations south of the Ar­ souls attempted to settle the region. after Virginia Governor Henry A. kansas River in Kansas and present Oklahoma. The first settlements in the Ar­ Wise, the name was changed to Fort kansas River valley were restricted Lyon to honor Brigadier General Na­ By 1867 some of them were raid­ • primarily to the area of present thaniel Lyon, the first Union general ing the settlements again and, after Pueblo. By the 1850s agricultural to be killed in the Civil War. The the failure of the Hancock Expedi­ patterns were established in south­ Caddo Agency site was situated west tion to bring peace to the plains, the ·i eastern Colorado. Stores in towns . of the Fort Lyon military reserva­ Treaty ofMedicine Lodge was signed such as Costilla, San Luis, and Cone­ tion. by five plains tribes in October. This jos were growing and provided trade Colorado Territory was created in treaty allowed stage lines and rail­ goods to settlers who were able to 1861, just prior to the outbreak ofthe roads to pass through hunting sell grains, corn, and other crops. Civil War. Counties were created grounds and called for these tribes to Trade northward was limited, but and local governments established. relinquish land claims in Kansas. increased following the discovery of The people of Colorado, believing an The treaty established reservations gold later in the decade. Gold seekers attempt would be made by the Con­ in present Oklahoma. crossed the region and, more impor­ federate States to invade the gold The treaty failed, however, and tantly, the gold camps, and later coal fields, remained loyal to the Union. raiding broke out again in 1868. A mining towns, became markets for Because of the war, immigration major military campaign during the locally-produced food. A booming from the East declined, and large winter of 1868-1869 resulted in relo­ trade developed between southern numbers of individuals returned cation of most ofthe Southern Chey­ Colorado and the Denver market. east to participate in the fighting. ennes and Arapahos to their reserva­ Settlement of the lower Arkansas Settlement in southeastern Colo- tions. This removed a major threat to

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 11

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 11 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

settlers in the region by 1870. How­ .The Caddo, Anadarko, and other location to Colorado Territory, pre­ ever, a few minor incidents involving tribes were forced to show their alle­ parations for which were underway. small groups ofIndians occurred un­ giance to the South by taking up Because Colley was busy with the til the mid-1870s. arms against the Union or leave affairs of the plains tribes under his By the mid-1860s, in spite ofthese their homes and farms. Fearing mis­ urisdiction, including the Southern troubles, permanent settlement treatment by Texas Confederates, Cheyennes and Arapahos,' Acting along the Arkansas River and its they packed up the few belongings Commissioner of Indian Mfairs tributaries increased. The period be­ they could carry and took their fami­ Charles Mix appointed Judge John tween 1867 and 1870 proved crucial lies and some livestock northward W. Wright of Longsport, Indiana, as in' the historical development of the into Kansas, seeking refuge there special agent for the Caddos. In area. The military presence in the until they might return to their re­ Mix's directive of August 14, 1863, immediate region protected' emi­ serve. Approximately 1,000 Indians, Wright was to purchase six yoke of grants'and settlers. In 1867 Fort including the Caddos, traveled at oxen, a wagon, plows,harrows, and Lyon was moved farther west to'a night to prevent detection. When other farm and tillage tools. Also in­ point near the mouth of the Purga­ they were within 100 miles of Fort cluded were blacksmith tools and toire River. Larned, they sent a delegation of 26 two scrapers to. be used to construct Bent County was created by the spokesmen to seek permission from irrigation ditches. Wright was in­ Colorado Territorial Legislature in the Indians residing in the area and structed to hire a carpenter and April 1870. Las Animas City was from federal authorities to live near blacksmith to accompany him to the designated as the county seat. The the Arkansas River for the duration Upper Arkansas Agency and report county extended from the Kansas of the Civil War. to Colley. For this effort, Wright was line west approximately 110 miles. Indian Agent Samuel G. Colley authorized $4000.00 in government In 1873 the Kansas Pacific Railroad met with some of the Caddos while funds to carry out his new duties.4 extended track and service from Kit he was at Fort Larned in Jaunary On the same day Acting Commis­ Carson to new West Las Animas. 1863. Colley noted that the emigrant sioner Mix sent instructions to Col­ The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe tribes were destitute and that the ley: "... You are directed to select a Railroad (AT&SF) reached Las Ani­ plains tribes under his agency re­ suitable location for these Indians mas in 1875. The railroads helped ceived the newcomers with friend­ south ofthe Arkansas river and east transform the region again. A popu­ ship. Colley told the advance contin­ of the Purgatory river, and lying lation boom brought many farmers gent that he was confident the U:S. along these rivers, if that point shall and ranchers to the area. government would protect them and be found practicable, or at some 1 The Caddo Agency was establish­ promised to plead their case. point where .at least five hundred ed during the era summarized above. The location of the Caddo and acres ofland suitable for agricultural The Caddos had been displaced from other groups after the January re­ purposes, and that can be conven- their ancestral homes in eastern port was not known until June 1863, . iently irrigated, may be found, hav­ Louisiana and pushed west into Ar­ when Agent Colley reported that the ing a special regard to the conven­ kansas and, finally, Texas during Caddos received goods and provi­ ience of timber. the period from the mid-1500s to the sions purchased by the government. "In view of the friendly character 1840s. This resulted from the ad­ The tribes were then camped south of these Indians and their disposi­ vancement of Spanish, French, and of Fort Larned. They had built tion to engage in agricultural pur- . Anglo-American settlers. The Cad­ thatched huts of grass and had dug suits, it is deemed important that dos lived peacefully in eastern Texas wells. Had they not found plenty of the selection made by you shall be as until about 1849. Increasing Ameri­ buffalo to eat, Colley indicated, they near as practicable to the Santa Fe can settlement forced them to move surely would have starved. The road, in order that they may dispose again in the 1850s. In 1855 they Caddos remained in a deplorable of their surplus products to the emi­ were relocated on a smaller reserva­ condition. Although the earlier re­ grants passing along the route."s tion south of the Brazos River in port stated that about 1,000 Indians Mix further informed Colley that Texas. There they farmed, built log had left Texas, Colley now reported Wright would confer with the Cad­ houses, and sent their children to the "about 450 persons equally divided dos regarding these plans and that if reservation school. among their men, women & children, the Caddos should, for some reason, Despite their efforts to become about 150 each." He indicated that not accept the selected site or be un­ "civilized" by Anglo-American stan­ about 300 more tribal members were willing to engage in the project, Col­ 2 dards, they were still considered to on their way north from Texas. ley was to hold the land to be turned be Indians by non-Indian settlers The Indian camp was later noted over to the Cheyennes and Arapa­ who wanted them removed from by Sergeant William Heagerty, Co. hoes. 6 Mix apparently was not aware Texas. Increasing violence against A, 11 th Missouri Volunteer Cavalry, that any land selected south.of the the Caddos in Texas led to their re­ on October 11, 1863, when he re­ Arkansas River would be out of the. moval to present Oklahoma in 1859. corded in his diary, "12M. got to Ft designated Cheyenne-Arapaho res­ They shared a reserve with Ana­ Larnard and camped.... In camp ervation. darko tribal groups. The census near here is a group of Cadoes, they In an undated letter (around Sep­ showed 244 Caddo and 218 Ana­ are from Texas & were driven out by tember 26,1863) Judge Wright, writ­ darko people. The Civil War brought the rebels because they were loyal to ing to Interior Secretary J. P. Usher, further change to their lives. the u.S.,,3 They were anticipating re- reported progress on the proposed

12 Wagon Tracks May 1998

https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 12 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

Caddo Agency. Wright visited the coming fall. However, Chief Park­ Caddos might not settle in the new Caddos at their camp near Fort man reported that many members of houses built for them near Fort Larned on his way west. There he the tribe had died and many more Lyon. He reported that he had the met with five Caddo men who were were sick. The Caddos would look to new houses watched over in order to to accompany him to the new site. As the government to aid them until protect against vandalism, squat­ the contingent oftravelers arrived at they could plant crops and become ters, or theft. He recommended that, Fort Larned, however, the Caddo self-sustaining.9 In preparation, the if the Caddos did not move to the men were suddenly called back be­ mechanics began building some site, the improvements be turned cause of rumors of a possible inva­ cheap stone walls on which the over to the Cheyenne and Arapaho sion of their camp by Texans. Caddos could erect cheap "Mexican tribes whose reservation was just The five tribesmen left a week roofs" to protect the sick and aged across the Arkansas River from the lo later to meet with Wright at the new from the ravages of winter. Caddo Agency. 14 site near Fort Lyon. Upon their arri­ Wright remained in the vicinity of During much of 1864 Indian­ • val, the Caddos, Judge Wright, and the proposed agency, conducting sur- white relations on the plains of Colo­ Agent Colley inspected the land cho­ . veys of the outer boundary of the rado Territory and western Kansas sen for their new homes. The area se­ Fort Lyon Military Reservation di­ were in turmoil. The plains tribes re­ ., • lected was a wide plain of river bot­ rectly east of the Caddo site. He also taliated .against the continued tom, approximately 2,000 acres, supervised the survey of portions of Anglo~American migration. Raids which was irrigable, located west of' the Cheyenne and Arapaho Reserva­ against travelers and settlers in­ the Fort Lyon Military Reservation tion, dividing the lands into forty­ creased. The Caddos did not take and just over a mile below the mouth acre allotment tracts. These allot­ part in the uprisings. They moved of the stream named Caddo Creek. ments were to be given to individuals from their camp near Fort Larned to The wide plain of river bottom was as spelled out in the 1861 Fort Wise distance themselves from the con­ known as "The Meadows." Treaty.II flicts and settled on the Arkansas be­ , Regarding the Caddos, Judge Wright later went back to Fort tween Crow and Turkey creeks in Wright stated: "I do not know that Larned. Before arriving there, he re­ central Kansas, where they planted there ever was any mission estab­ versed his plans to move the Caddos seeds brought from Texas. Agent lishment in their nation, but they before winter. He decided that, due Colley sought additional aid for the profess Christianity, and are as non­ to the lack of game in the area, the Caddos .before another winter ar­ resistant as the Friends in war, cost of corn at Fort Lyon, and the rived,ls ' . while their preacher speaks to them possible severity of travel on the suf­ .The Caddos never moved to the so loud in his discourse you can hear fering tribe so late in the year, they new agency site in Colorado Terri­ -. him a mile. In their dress it is about should not move until spring. In­ tory. The pressures from the Civil one-half Indian. The provisions fur­ stead of paying $5.00 per bushel at War in Indian Territory, the lack of nished them last spring by the gov­ Fort Lyon, Wright could get corn at game near their proposed new home, ernment was principally eaten by Fort Larned for $1.50 per bushel. the harsh winters, the need to plant their kind neighbors, the Comanches Other reports noted the depletion of their crops in the spring, and the and Kiowas. With these warlike buffalo within 200 miles of Fort menace of their warring neighbors tribes, and all others on the plains, Lyon. Wright encouraged the gov­ was too much to endure. Mter the the Caddo are very popular, being ernment to provide additional sub­ Civil War they returned to their'res­ universal favorites.,,7 sistence to the Caddos.1 2 The Caddos ervation in present Oklahoma. Wright stated that neighboring remained near Fort Larned and Agent Colley, as noted, intended tribal groups had eaten nearly all waited out the winter season, 1863­ to turn the Caddo Agency over to the the cattle and flour belonging to the 1864. Cheyenne and Arapaho, even though Caddos. He also reported that the Meanwhile improvements were an agency was being built for them Caddos numbered 426, had a large made at their new location in Colo­ at Point of Rocks near present-day number of horses, 27 cows, and one rado Territory. Two mechanics, La Junta. All hopes of completing yoke of oxen. Mter inspecting the hired by Agent Wright, constructed agency improvements and settle­ ; property at The Meadows, the Caddo three stone houses. Each measured ment were dashed by the massacre leaders were reported to be anxious 54 feet long by 18 feet wide and con­ at Sand Creek on November 29, to move to the new location.8 tained three rooms. Each room was 1864. The Caddo Agency was appar­ Mter viewing the area, Francis. designed to accommodate a family ently abandoned by the Upper Ar­ Parkman, head chief of the Caddos, and contained a door, two windows, a kansas Indian Agency, perhaps even with John S, Sm'ith as interpreter fireplace, and chimney. 13 before the Sand Creek MassaGre. and Robert Bent as scribe, directed a The Caddos continued in their John W. PrG'Wers squatted at the letter to Indian Commissioner Wil­ near destitute condition through the agency site, apparently in 1864 and liam P. Dole, indicating the Caddos' winter and into the spring of 1864. possibly before it was abandoned by interest in settling on the Arkansas. Throughout the winter the agency the Bureau ofIndianMfairs, and be­ The chief stated they were very provided for their minimal needs, gan farming and ranching opera­ pleased with the site and would do supplying food and some shelter, but tions. 16 He occupied the westernmost all they could to aid with the im­ conditions were bitter. In his sprIng building of the three built for the provements. They were looking for­ report to Commissioner Dole, Agent Caddos. He, and possibly others who ward to moving to the site in the Colley revealed the first hint that the later occupied the site, built addi-

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 13

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 13 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

tions to this house, acquiring stone Santa Fe Trail. 1863: Diary of William Hea­ All students were in charge of from the remaining two houses or gerty and Memoirs & Letters of Peter F. Clark. Company A. Eleventh Missouri their own water supply for the trek, the sandstone wall first built for Cavalry," Wagon Tracks, VIII (Aug. 1994): and they packed their own lunch for Caddo protection against the ele­ ll. the day. Usually we have an infor­ ments. Upon completion, the occu­ 4. Report ofSecretary of the Interior. No. 64. mative talk from someone in. the pied building contained six rooms 5. Ibid., No. 65. Grassland office in Elkhart. We in­ and an enclosed area much like a 6. Ibid. clude background on the grassland walled plaza. It was at this house 7. Ibid.. NO.66. and the conservation of natural re­ that Colonel John M. Chivington 8. Ibid. sources. Before our trip we studied held the Prowers family and employ­ 9. LR. OIA. Sept. 23. 1863. the Santa Fe Trail and wildlife along ees under house arrest while he 10. Report of Secretary of the Interior. No. 66. the Trail. 11. Charles J. Kappler. Indian Affairs, Laws made his march to Sand Creek. 17 An and Treaties (Washington. 1904). II, 807­ A school nurse'or a qualified EMT .adjacent stable and walled corral to 81l. or nurse accompanIes our caravan the west of the house may have been 12. LR. OIA. Sept. 30. 1863. for the "bandaging and splinting." So a part of the agency complex or was 13. Ibid .• Feb. 6 & May 23. 1864. far only bandaids have been needed. added or improved byJohn Prowers. 14. Ibid.. April], IBM Attempts are made to prepare our On June 7, 1867, Fort Lyon made 15. Ibid .• Sept. 2. 1864. "town folk" for hiking across the its official move nineteen miles west. 16. O. L. Baskins. History of the Arkansas Val­ rough terrain and wild territory, but ley Colorado (Chicago: Baskin & Co.. The original Fort Lyon (now called 1881),834. several end up with plenty of cactus Old Fort Lyon) suffered damage 17. Stan Hoig. The Sand Creek. Massacre spines in toes anyway. This year we· from flooding due to ice jams in the (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. all remembered "John Goose" when Arkansas River during the winter 1961), 138. we passed Point of Rocks. and from torrential rains in late May 18. Gen. W. H. Sears. Notes from a Cowboy's Ifyou recorded your trip this year, 18 Diary (Lawrence. KS, n.d.); Letter by Col. 1867. Prowers left Caddo the same William H. Penrose, June 5. 1867. Letters send a picture and report to consider year and began building a large two­ Received. Fort Lyon, U.S. Army Com­ for the next issue. story adobe house at Boggs Ranch mands, Record Group 393, National Ar­ Every teacher should rush to take chives. (Boggsville) located two miles south advantage of a special offer from of the mouth of the Purgatoire. FORT LEARNED Jack C. Urban, Angel Fire, NM. He It is not known who occupied the has offered to all school districts former Caddo Agency immediately -TEACHERS' TRADING POST...... along the Trail an excellent newspa­ after Prowers left. Perhaps an em­ Karla French; Editor per that he produced for the Trail's ployee remained to run the farm for 175th anniversary. Those who are Prowers, or the next known occu­ ALL teachers out there are encour­ teaching need to obtain a copy and pant, James Campbell, may have aged to communicate about what has ask their board to obtain additional moved there. The surveys for the worked for them this year when copies. His generous offer follows: public lands did not include the area teaching about the Santa Fe Trail. I around the Caddo site until Septem­ have not heard from anyone! Are you Jack C. Urban. ber 1872. The lands in the Caddo out there? Many SFTA members who at­ area were not opened to homestead­ School teachers in the spring are tended the last symposium recall re­ ers until sometime after 1873. as busy as teamsters on the Trail, too ceiving complimentary copies of the On March 20, 1875, James Camp­ much to do to sit down and write vintage-style newspaper I produced bell received a patent to part of the about it. Some surely planned spring celebrating the Trail's 175th anni­ land that encompassed the former field trips. Let us hear how you coor­ versary. During the two-year cele­ Caddo Agency. Campbell sold a strip dinated the trip. I will tell you about bration period, 40,000 copies were of land to the Pueblo & Arkansas mIne. distributed in the five states associ­ Valley Railway, subsidiary of the May 8 was the date for the 12th ated with the Trail. Besides my arti­ Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe annual Cimarron National Grass­ cles reporting events as they oc­ which built through the area. The land trip for' Hickok Elementary curred, the issues include' contribu­ rest of the Caddo Agency remained fifth"grade students from Ulysses. tions by Marc Simmons, Harry My­ in private hands. Although the We traveled by bus to Elkhart, KS, ers, David Clapsaddle, Steve Zim­ Caddo Indians never occupied this and met the wagon train led by mer, Nancy Robertson, David Klop­ spot beside the Santa Fe Trail in wagon master Oliver Toole, of Man­ penborg, and Maurilio Vigil. The present Colorado, the site of the in­ ter, KS. We had three wagons to reputation of these historians added tended Caddo Agency was part ofthe carry our 75+ students (a few at a credibility to the publication. history of the region. time). Those not riding walked along This was noticed by three school NOTES side. Some students and faculty (in­ districts (Larned, KS, and Las Vegas 1. Samuel G. Colley to Commissioner of In­ cluding yours truly on my trusted and Las Cruces,NM) who requested dian Affairs. Jan. 25. 1863. Letters Re­ mount Cimarron) brought horses permission to use the newspaper as a ceived. Office of Indian Affairs. Upper and followed the wagons and hikers. teaching tool. I recognized that these Arkansas Agency. Record Group 75. Mi­ requests could give extended life to a crocopy 234. roll 878 (hereafter LR. OIA. We left Murphy Trailhead and trav­ date). . eled to Middle Spring where the bus­ publication planned as a one-time 2. Ibid.. June 30. 1863. ses delivered our lunches. By then anniversary edition. The thought oc­ 3. Leo E. Oliva. ed.• "Escort Duty on the everyone was starving. curred to me: Why not make this

14 Wagon Tracks May 1998

https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 14 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

available to all the school districts man did not tell her children and trapper. Recorded history renders the geographically associated with the grandchildren about those war years Smith connection plausible: Leroy R. Hafen, The Mountain Men and Fur Trade Trail and offer it free of charge? I nor where she was during those bat­ of the For West, 10 vols. (Glendale: Ar­ contacted Karla French, our educa­ tles. The only oral account related to thur H. Clark Co., 1965-1972), IV, 329; tion committee chairperson, for the her granddaughter, Lucille Bent, re­ David Lavender, Bent's Fort (Garden purpose of coordinating information ferred to the 1870s when the com­ City: Doubleday 1954), 201; Cheyenne and Arapaho Hearing Files, July 1918, p. to such school districts. bined tragedy of victory and defeat 233, Indian Archives Division, Oklahoma There are two ways to do this. One played itselfoutin her beloved north Historical Society, White Old Woman's is for the local chapters to contact country. The defeat of Custer, in es­ mother may have given birth to a child of Pegleg Smith, but she was apparently, their school district officials, pre­ sence, occasioned the demise of a na­ 7 probably later, the wife of Packs the Ot­ senting them with a sample copy. I tion. ter (Otter Man), whom Standing Out will send a copy and covering letter Throughout the summer and win­ Woman considered to be her grandfa­ to,ieach SFTA chapter president. If ter of 1876, the Northern Cheyennes ther. appfoved, the district can obtain ad­ and their Sioux allies were con­ 2. Ibid., 287. I ditional copies from me and use the stantly pursued by the U.S. military. 3. John H. Moore, "Aboriginal Indian Resi­ " dence Patterns Preserved in Censuses materials in their curriculum as they Their eventual surrender in 1877 set and Allotments," Sc;ience (207): 201-202. see fit. The other way is for readers of in motion the exodus that separated 4. Peter G. Powell, People of the Sacred this column who are professional families and placed many Northern Mountain, 2 vols. (San Francisco: Harper teachers to make this offer known to ,Cheyennes in present Oklahoma.8 and Row, 1981). Two Moon and Beaver Claws were half- brothers, same mother, their board. They can contact me at Standing Out Woman, accompa­ different fathers: Young. Two Moon was PO Box 381, Angel Fire, NM 87710. nied by her parents, brother, sister, Beaver Claws's son. and aunt, with "about thirty other 5. Powell, People of the Sacred Mountain, I, STANDING OUT WOMAN Cheyenne families," made the long 213; Letter of George Bent to George E. (continued from page 1) Hyde, Jan. 19, 1905, Cae Collection, and arduous journey of nearly three Yale University. Young Two Moon, was a warrior of hundred miles from the Yellowstone 6. Also known as Old She Bear, Old Bear the Kit Foxes. 4 country to the White River Post (Fort Squaw, and Old Bear (not to be con­ On July 29, 1857, her father Coy­ Robinson) where they surrendered fused with the Northern Council Chief). to General George Crook.9 7. Oral history related to writer by Standing ote Ear and maternal grandfather Out's granddaughter, Lucille Bent. Packs the Otter (also known as Otter On May 28, 1877, the Northern 8. Chief Two Moon, his nephew, Young Two Man) were both killed in "a running Cheyenne were moved as a body Moon, and their respective families sur­ fight" with Colonel Edwin V. Sum­ from Fort Robinson to Indian Terri­ rendered to General Nelson A. Miles at ner's First Cavalry on the south fork tory, arriving at Fort Reno the early the Elk River Fort (Fort Keogh): Powell, of the Solomon some fifteen miles part of August. It was there that People of the Sacred Mountain,lI, 1125. 9. These included Standing Out's stepfath­ from the Indian encampment on the Standing Out Woman first met 5 er She Bear, her mother Miahke Vehoi, Saline River. In the panic that fol­ George Bent (born July 7, 1843), son hertwo siblings Frank Old Bear and Light­ lowed, the Northern Cheyennes of William Bent of Bent's Fort fame ning Woman, and maternal aunt, Lean Woman; Mrs. Standing Out Bent inter­ made ::j, hasty retreat north of the and his Cheyenne wife, Owl Woman. view, Indian Pioneer Papers, VII, 294-297, , Platte:River. Standing Out, an in­ They were married the winter of Oklahoma Historical Society; W. P. Clark; 10 fant at the time, was too young to 1877/1878. Census of Cheyennes Surrendered at mourn the death of her father. Her Standing Out Woman was George Red Cloud, May 24, 1877, National Ar­ chives, Washington, D.C. mother, however, mourned the Bent's third wife. His first two mar­ deaths of her father (stepfather?) 10. Northern Cheyenne Enrollment by Fami­ riages ended in divorce. In 1866 he lies, August 6, 1877, Indian Archives Divi­ and husband according to Cheyenne married, Magpie, Chief Black Ket­ sion, Oklahoma Historical Society; Mrs. custom. She later married her hus- Standing Out Bent interview, Indian Pio­ . 6 tle's niece. She died May 10, 1888. band's younger brother, She Bear. neer Papers, VII, 295, Oklahoma Histori­ His second wife, Kiowa Woman, died cal Society; Powell, People of the Sa­ By the time Standing Out Woman November 25, 1913. - cred Mo.untain, II, 1154. was seven years old, a violent Indian George Bent and Standing Out war was raging on the plains. The Woman had five children: Mary, Wil­ FORT WALLACE BOOK Sand Creek Massacre, Colonel John liam, Daisy, Nellie, and Lucy. FORT Wallace: Sentinel on the M. Chivington's attack on Chief George Bent died May 19, 1918, at Smoky Hill Trail, by Leo E. Oliva, Black Kettle's village, occurred on Colony, OK. Standing Out Woman was released May 1 by the Kansas November 29, 1864. This wanton act died at the Clinton Indian Hospital, State Historical Society. This is the was the precursor of ongoing war­ OK, April 16, 1945. fourth in a series of eight books fare that included the Battle ofthe NOTES about Kansas military posts pro­ Washita, November 27, 1868, when 1. Oral history related to writer by Lucille duced by the Kansas Forts Network. Lieutenant Colonel George A. Custer Bent and Mary Whitebird Fletcher: Mi­ The next will be about Fort Dodge, and the Seventh Cavalry destroyed ahke Vehoi's father was a white trader scheduled for release later this year. Black Kettle's village, and culmi­ (reflected in her given name Miahke Ve­ hoi/White Old Woman) who happened Jerry Thomas, Manhattan artist, is nated with the annihilation of Cus­ to be in the Cheyenne camp at Bent's creating.a special painting for the ter's Seventh Cavalry at the Little Fort "0 long time before Sand Creek." cover of each book. Fart Wallace is Bighorn, June 25, 1876. One branch of the family referred to him as Pegleg Smith (Thomas L. Smith) . Smith. available from Last Chance Store for Unfortunately, Standing Out Wo- 1801- 1866, was a mountain man and $10 postpaid.

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 15

-----~------Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 ~_!!!Iiii~ 15 __ .._g=,=_ Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

TRADING RANCHES ON THE FORT RILEY -FORT LARNED ROAD, PART II: HOHNECK'S RANCH by David K. Clapsaddle (This is the second in a three-part se­ Wabaunsee County, Kansas Terri~ man in the operation of their ranch ries. SFTA Ambassador David Clap­ tory.-In 1857 he was elected Justice at the Smoky Hill River crossing saddle, Larned, KS, is program di­ of the Peace for Alma Township. In - near present Kanopolis, KS. The rector ofthe Wet/Dry Routes Chapter 1859 he was elected to the House of chief enterprise of the ranch was the and a frequent contributor to WT. Representatives of the first Kansas sale of buffalo hides and tallow The introduction to this series ap­ State Legislature, which did not whIch were transported to the Leav­ peared in the previous issue.) meet until March 1861, after Kansas enworth marketatregular intervals. was admitted to the Union. He did Hohneck's Ranch In 1864 or 1865 Hohneck settled not serve because the hunting expe­ in Saline County_ where he estab­ NINE miles southwest of Salina, dition he accompanied to western lished a trading ranch. There he op­ KS, the command of Major General Kansas in the late winter of 1861 erated a brewery and stage station. Winfield Scott Hancock stopped for was delayed by a snow storm. His ranch was well located, situated dinner on March 31, 1867. There, of­ In old age, Hohneck claimed he on the Fort Riley-Fort Larned Road, ficers of the expedition were treated was elected to the legislature in 1857 a route used by both the army and to a lavish fare at a trading ranch op­ (rather than 1859) and explained the Kansas Stage Company. With erated by Ernst (also Ernest) Hoh­ why he missed the session. Being, as the arrival of the Union Pacific Rail­ neck. Correspondent Henry M. he said, "wretchedly poor," Hohneck way, Eastern Division, at Junction Stanley, who accompanied the expe­ joined a group of fellow citizens on a City, Kansas, in June 1866, the Fort dition and was to gain worldwide ac­ hunting trip to the western part of Riley-Fort Larned Road became the claim for finding Dr. David the territory. Their object was to be­ far eastern leg of the Santa Fe Trail. Livingstone four years later in the come financially solvent by the sale Consequently, traffic past Hohneck's heart ofMrica, described the-meal. of buffalo and wolf hides. The trip, Ranch was multiplied many times "We stopped at Hohneck's ranche, due to inclement weather and the over by the thrice-weekly mail deliv­ our quondam friend, for dinner, who blizzard which prevented his return eries of Barlow, Sanderson Com­ had already prepared, in the delight­ to assume his elected duties, was not pany, which superseded the Kansas ful anticipation of our visit, an ele­ successful, and Hohneck returned Stage Company's weekly schedule, gant and plentiful repast, consisting honie penniless. and the ever-increasing number of of bona fide buffalo, deer meat, He later wrote, "If the whole set­ freight caravans, military and civil­ smoked ham and quinces. We en­ tlement had been stood on its head I Ian. joyed it amazingly, and therefore doubt if one could have shaken $100 The boom soon ended, however,_ suggest to the belated travelers that out ofthe pockets." Hohneck's return when the railroad pushed past his they always stop at Hohneck's to Wabaunsee County postdated the ranch to Fort Harker in the summer ranche when they come this way. adjournment of the legislature. He of 1867. Immediately, the fort re­ Hohneck proved himself a gentle­ was never seated. placed Junction City as the official man and a scholar, and it was with In addition to his hunting ven­ depot of the U.S. Postal Service and some akin to sadness that we de­ tures and ill-fated, if brief, political the eastern terminus ofthe Santa Fe parted from the adobe mansion that career, Hohneck was also involved in Trail. Overland traffic past the he had himself built on the wild trading with Indians. James Mead ranch ceased; but Hohneck found waste of the desert." recalled -meeting him and a partner other ways to enhance his business. Hohneck was born in Germany named William Greiffenstein in the On July 8, 1867, a post office was (some sources say Saxony and others Smoky Hill River country sometime established at the ranch named in Bavaria) on November 18, 1828. As a in 1859. The partners, engaged in In­ his honor. Hohneck was appointed youth oftwenty years, he was caught dian trade, had much in common. postmaster. Regulations did not al­ up in the revolutionary spirit which Both were immigrants from Ger­ low a post office to be named for a was then sweeping Germany -and many, fleeing from the political un­ person, but Hohneck circumvented other European countries. The rest of 1848. the prohibition by spelling the post ­ young postal worker fled his country In 1860 the partnership was_ dis­ office's name "Honek." In the same in 1850, emigrating to the United solved. Greiffenstein moved to the year he constructed a two-story States. One source stated that,"his Walnut Creek crossing on the Santa frame house which served as a resi­ sympathies being too democratic, he Fe Trail two miles east of present dence, post office, and grocery store. came to the United States;" Great Bend where he established a Four years later, Hohneck platted a Hohneck first settled at Sulphur trading ranch. Hohneck's where­ town named for himself at the ranch Springs, Virginia, before moving to abouts for a time is uncertain. He site. Cincinnati, Ohio, where he was em­ was unable to take his seat in the His town failed, but in 1877 E. F. ployed by a German newspaper. In legislature, as noted above, because Drake reorganized the little munici­ 1855, he went west with a German of the hunting expedition in 1861. pality and named it Bavaria in recog­ colonization society and settled on The following year he was associated nition of Hohneck's German heri­ Mill Creek in what was to become with Daniel Page and Joseph Leh- tage. The postal service changed the

16 Wagon Tracks May 1998

https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 16 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

name of the Honek Post Office to Ba­ TRAIL TROUBADOUR easily with varia on January 8, 1880. Mean­ fingers while, in 1879, an addition named -TRAFFIC IN VERSE- the twisted sack Hohneck was attached to the origi­ Sandra M.Doe, Editor of animal lips nal twenty-five-acre Bavaria town­ a thud on site. Hohneck's Ranch was one offew THIS column seeks quality poetry frozen snow which ultimately became a town. An­ that demonstrates authentic emo­ between low other was the ranch at Walnut Creek tion, original images, and skill in branches I crossing on the Fort Hays-Fort craftsmanship. Poetry, in open or spread the Dodge Trail, operated by Alexander closed form, which addresses the his­ tearing of skin Harvey which evolved into the town tory, realism, romance, and diversity the gut through needle of Alexander in present Rush of the Trail should be sent to Sandra stings my face as County, Kansas. M. Doe, Dept. of English, Campus I stitch this curve Box 32, Metropolitan State College Hohneck .left Saline County in of navel to lips of Denver, PO Box 173362, Denver 1883 and was employed with the . the edge of hide land division of the Northern Pacific CO 80217-3362. rubbing me darker Railroad at St. Paul, Minnesota. In Weare pleased to welcome back until swollen 1903 he moved to Spokane, Wash­ poet Kyle Laws of Pueblo, CO. Her bleeds between ington. The house he built in 1867 most recent poetry book is Tango seams of musk stood 72 years'on the west edge of (Suburban Wilderness Press, 1997). it has always been Bavaria before it was razed in 1939. She was winner of the Women's Po­ this way in the The only reminder of his tenure in etry Award at the University of changing of moons Saline County is a township road Southern Colorado in 1995 and 1996. HER SONS SNEAK TO MY marker one mile east of Bavaria These poems from Yellow Woman WINDOW AT NIGHT which reads "Hohneck Road." (Look Quick Press, 1988) reflect the whisper of the restlessness growing SOURCES poet's attempt to recreate the "emo­ like a tumor in an old man's body Andreas, A. T.,History of the State of Kansas. tional accuracy" of Yellow Woman's and I can still hear the rumble 2 vols. Chicago: A. T. Andreas, 1883. living in two different worlds. Yellow of today's wagons on the trail Diary of Page and Lehman, unpublished. Woman, a Cheyenne, was· William they buzz the ear like a bee n.d., Kansas Collections, Salina Public Li­ Bent's second wife. His first wife was or a November fly at the glass brary' Salina, Kansas. Yellow Woman's sister, Owl Woman. is this lying of mine between "The First State Legislature." Kansas Historical Collections, X (1907-19081: 232-254. "Hung from a Willow" imagines the rut of the wheel and "Governor Walker's Administration," Kansas an antelope "dressing out" ceremony the smoke of lodge fires Historical Collections, V (1891-1896). in which it is difficult to tell where the fabric of the tear or Hughes, Harry and Helen Craig Dingler, one entity ends and the other begins. only a thread of the unraveling From River Ferries to Interchanges, A "Her Sons Sneak To My Window At so paint your skin with many colors Brief History ofSaline County, Kansas. Ells­ and step deep into the dance for me worth: Ellsworth Printing Co., 1988. Night" imagines the restlessness of it is my only memory that I Hughes. Harry and Helen Craig Dingler. the Cheyenne sons preparing for war Pathway to a Frontier Spring Creek Val­ while Yellow Woman's' husband carve in the silence of bees ley. unpublished, 1994, Kansas Collec­ imagines defenses, "fences of stone." as my husband speaks of the tions, Salina Public Library, Salina. Kan­ building of fences of stone sas. "Quill Needles and Ribons of Beads" Junction City Weekly Union. April 20, 1867. pictures the mark of moccasins on the earth and compares that to QUILL NEEDLES AND "brown boots shadowing. .. ." "I RIBBONS OF BEADS Know Someone Has To Grow The trade with Wheat" is a lament for the Cheyenne caravans east people which imagines that Yellow crossing big Woman returns to them "with salt bottom honor." I punch soft I moccasins with • • • • colored glass YELLOW WOMAN like bones through skin HUNG FROM A WILLOW you can see \ with wind-sucked the trace of \ I, ii\: tremble of plain needle in the I\ , , f" ., I slit its smooth hollows of feet .~ (',,' ,0 '\ antelope belly and crossing August ~.~.J .., blood runs down dried river beds SFTA board members Faye Gaines, my arms to ground coffee with Point or Rocks Ranch, New Mexico, hair of my eyes thick sugar and Jane Lenz Elder, Dallas, Texas, at frozen with quiets my voice the April 18 board meeting in Santa Fe, last spittle after nights New Mexico. . skin rips so of wild dogs , May 1998 Wagon Tracks 17

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 17 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

at the door urns. The process required hard Lawrence. VanCoevern and other I sweep stained work from the Fort Larned Histori­ U.S. Cavalry reenactors are portray­ yellow documents cal Society and the staff at the Cen­ ing both Union and Confederate sol-· with morning dust ter. Congratulations! diers. through the sun • • • • • • • • streamed current The Santa Fe Trail Depot and Inn While plans for a Seaboard hog of exchange has opened oil West Santa Fe Trail processing plant on the site of Fort what name will Boulevard in Lakin. Manager Emmy Zarah on the Trail near Great Bend, they call the Andra Wright is a new SFTA mem­ KS, apparently have been scrapped, brown boots ber. Paul Bentrup has volunteered to the company still plans such a plant shadowing the keep SFTA brochures available "at and wide-scale hog confinement sys­ doorstep today this new business on the Trail. tems in the area. • • •• • • • • I KNOW SOMEONE HAS SFTA Ambassador Pat Heath Colorado State Senator Bob Mar­ TO GROW THE WHEAT celebrated her 75th birthday, March tinez's resolution to delete the men­ on what was our land 15, with an open house held at the tion of the Sand Creek Massacre and that there home of her daughter and son-in­ from a state Civil War memorial on are more of you - law, Linda and Bruce Peters, Lakin, the capitol grounds recently won ap­ many more than KS. We wish you many more, Pat. proval. The resolution was sent to we could ever • • •• the House ofRepresentatives. Mean­ count in all Nikole Krause began her cross- while, U.S. Senator Ben Nighthorse the moons since country walk, leaving Charlottes­ Campbell (R-CO) told supporters in first we carried ville, VA, in May. She plans to walk Lamar, CO, that he expects legisla­ the shield part of the Santa Fe Trail from tion to pass Congress which would but is the death Franklin County, MO, to La Junta, provide for the purchase of the Sand of our people CO, on her way to San Francisco, Creek Massacre site, once it is prop­ CA. She would like to meet people erly identified. Part of the money ap­ worth what I s scratched from along the Trail. propriated would be used to help the the ground •• • • Colorado Historical Society identify October 2, 1998, will mark the the site. It would then be purchased I will always 30th anniversary of President Lyn­ on a willing seller, willing buyer ba­ remember the don Johnson's signing the National SIS. touch of your Trail System Act into law. This year • • • • breast to mine also marks the tenth anniversary of To commemorate the 150th anni­ your fingers Pathways Across America, the pri­ versary ofJohn C. Fremont's 4th Ex­ wound in my hair mary forum for exchanging ideas pedition, Alpenglow Adventures­ but the ways of among the growing community sup­ Footsteps Expeditions, a Monte your people are porting the National Trails System. Vista, CO, heritage tourism guide beyond that which • • • • service, will offer two 7-day' field I can endure Ross Marshall, past-president of trips this summer. Write or call for and so I must SFTA, has an article, "Partnership itinerary and costs: Stu Bryan, 2 take our daughter for the National Trails System," in Plaza Estates, Monte Vista, CO and return to what the Winter 1998 issue of Pathways 81144 (719) 852-4314. remains of my people Across America. • • • • do not follow me • • • • Among artifacts recently pur­ for in time I will The Spring 1998 issue of Kansas chased by the Friends of the Na­ be trampled under the Heritage contains an article about tional Frontier Trails Center was a dust of your wheels artist Charles Goslin and his latest metal water canteen from the Mexi­ but at least I work, a nearly 10 by 22-foot mural at can War. Three other items were go with honor the Kansas State Historical Society's purchased for the new permanent for in the end Hollenberg Pony Express Station display on Lewis and Clark. NFTC that is all we H;istoric Site at Hanover, KS. Goslin Director John Mark Lambertson dis­ can ever possess has done Trail murals at the Na­ covered these items on a trip to Ha­ tional Frontier Trails Center, Inde­ waii. Other recent acquisitions were pendence, MO, and Morton County a hand-forged otter trap with chain History Museum, Elkhart, KS. (ca. 1820-1850) and a powder horn • • • • with a leather strap which will be SFTA member GregVanCoevern, used in a new furtrappers and trad­ HOOF PRINTS Salina, KS, is appearing in a feature ers exhibit opening in September. film, Ride with the Devil, a Civil War •• •• -TRAIL T1081T5- drama set in Kansas and Missouri. A new exhibit at the National The Santa Fe Trail Center re­ The story follows a band of young Frontier Trail Center features arti­ cently received reaccreditation from Missouri misfits and includes scenes facts uncovered from the site of the the American Association of Muse- ofWilliam Quantrill's 1863 attack on Richard Holmes's blacksmith shop

18 Wagon Tracks May 1998

https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 18 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

at the little boom town of New Santa Comd the Company of traders that is reproduced below, provide details of Fe, MO, 1852-1907. with him[.] Any attentions or Assistence the incident, losses incurred, and de­ • • • • you may afford him will be thankfully layed efforts to obtaincompensation. Inan all-day workshop facilitated Recved by me. . The list of property shows commodi­ by the Kansas City PlanningDepart­ I have the honor to be ties being sent to New Mexico and ment, historians, and educators dis­ with great Respect and esteem your Excellencys[?] Obt Servt their value in the U.S. Each docu­ cussed the future of a proposed ar­ ment is identified with a brief intro­ B[ennet]. Riley chaeological park on the site of the ducti~n. Mjr. U. S. Army Some conflicting testimony original "Town of Kansas." Located Comdg. was gIven. between the River Market and the To his Excellency the Marcelen St. Vrain was in charge Missouri River in downtown Kansas Governor and Commander in Chief of the pack train, comprised of City, the tract is being studied for its of the Province of New Mexico "twelve mule and horse loads." Other potential as an interpretive histori­ members ofthe party included a man BISHOP LAMY AT FORT DODGE, 1867 cal site. The area was the original named Crawford· (no first name Westport Landing for the commu­ On July 23, 1867, Major Henry given) who was killed, Blass Grego nity of Westport during trail days. Douglas, Third Infantry, command­ who was wounded, Rafael Sanchez •• •• ing Fort Dodge, Kansas, included the who was wounded, Sebastiano Xani­ Missouri River Outfitters Chapter following information about Bishop n'ellio, and Santes Padico. They were President Anne Mallinson reports: J. B. Lamy's wagon train traveling to attacked by Pawnee Indians, in Sep­ "Lizard Creek Sue, veteran of nu­ New Mexico, in a letter to General tember 1837, somewhere on a tribu­ merous treks on the Santa Fe and Winfield ScottHancock, commander tary of the Arkansas River, between . Oregon trails, foaled a bay Morgan of the Department of the Missouri Bent's Fort and the Spanish settle­ filly on April 20. Mother and daugh­ (Letters Sent, Fort Dodge, KS, RG ments. The documents tell the story. ter are doing fine. Sue has already 393, National Archives). The excerpt been telling her daughter of adven­ appears as written. Claim Against the Pawnees tures and trails in her future and to I have also 10 report that a train On August 9, 1838, Bent, St. beware when her owner begins pack­ passed through here for New Mexico, Vrain & Co. submitted a claim to ing the horse trailer." under the Governorship of Bishop Lamy John Dougherty, agent for the •• •• Catholic Bishop of New Mexico. It was Pawnee Indians, for "property stolen Wagon Tracks Editor Leo E. Oliva reported to me by a Mr. Smith who lives from Marcelen St. Vrain, who was in was elected chairman of the Fort near Salina that twenty-four of his cat­ command of a trading expedition Larned Old Guard at the annual tle had been stolen from his ranche by sent by Charles Bent, Ceran. St. a member of that train. Mr. Smith identi­ Vrain, William Bent, and George meeting on April 25. FLOG is the fied the cattle and the claimant, and friends group for Fort Larned NHS. Bent, traders, under the name and the claimant and train master were ar­ & rested, and the case investigated. The style ofBent, St. Vrain, Co., by the COUNCIL TROVE man acknowledged to having taken Pawnee Indians of the river Platte, the cattle & I obliged him to make full in the month of September, 1837­ -DOCUMENTS­ restitution besides paying the expenses the trading expedition then on its BENNET RILEY'S 1829 LETTER TO THE of Mr. Smith. way to New Mexico." The list ofprop­ GOVERNOR OF NEW MEXICO The Bishop agreed to this & com­ erty follows:. Trail scholars have long known, mended my sense of justice and left 8 pieces moleskin, 428~ yards, me with many expressions of his regard. at $1 per yard $428.50 from the military records of the ex­ From a conversation Lieut. [Stanley A.] 40 pieces domestics, 1,299! pedition, that Captain Bennet Riley, Browne [Third Infantry] had with him af­ yards, at 50 cents per yard 649.63 commander of the first military es­ ter he left the post, I should judge that cort for a caravan going to Santa Fe, the Bishop had changed his opinion on 38 pairs brogans, at $3 per pair 114.00 in 1829, sent a letter to the governor the subject. I report this in detail be­ 15 pieces domestics, 495 yards, of New Mexico requesting military cause the Bishop hinted· to Lieut. at 50 cents per yard 247.00 protection for the return caravan in Browne that Ishould be the subject of a 6 pieces calico, 180 yards, the fall of that year. Harry C. Myers newspaperparagraph or complaint of at 75 cents per yard 135.00 some kind, and in case such should 1 piece of scarlet cloth, located the original letter in the 36 yards, at $5 per yard 180.00 Ritch Collection (RI 331), Hunting­ hereafter come to the notice or the Comdg Genl. he will have some under­ 10 pounds balls, at 50 cents ton Library, San Marino, CA. It is standing of the matter. per pound ~ 5.00 printed here, perhaps for the first 25 pounds steel, at $1 per pound 25.00 1837 INDIAN RAID time, through the courtesy of the 9 mules and saddles, at Huntington Library. Harry C. Myers located the follow­ $75 each 675.00 Near Chouteaus Island ing report by Jacob Thompson of the 3 horses and saddles, at lOth July 1829 House Committee on Indian Mfairs $100 each 300.00 To His Excellency the Governor of (House Report No. 194, House ofRep­ 15 pounds coffee, at $1 Santa Fe resentatives, 28th Congress, 2d Ses­ per pound . 15.00 Sir sion, March 3, 1845) about an attack 25 pounds sugar, at 50 cents This will be handed to you by my by Pawnee Indians on a pack train per pound 12.50 friend Mr Charles Bent[,] he is a gentle­ destined for Santa Fe, belonging to 3 camp kettles, at $5 each 15.00 man of the first Respectability in our Bent, St. Vrain & Co., in late sum­ 1 axe 5.00 Country and has been elected to mer 1837. Excerpts from this report, 23 buffalo robes, at $4.50 each 103.50

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 19

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 19 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

10 reams paper, at $10 (the whites) were unwilling that the In­ the Big Soldier) rose and said, that he per ream 100.00 dians should approach them. The Indi­ commanded a war party of their 1 large record (10 quires) 20.00 ans then collected, and rallied around young men about the time stated in 25 pounds printer's ink 40.00 them, attacked and fired on them; the account; and that between Bent's 2 Latin missals (or church they then pillaged or took everything fort, on the Arkansas river, and the books,) at $20 40.00 which the whites had, viz: merchan­ Spanish settlements, they fell in with a 1 rifle, (taken from Crawford, dize, horses, mules, and all the travel­ party of whites, whom they took to be killed) 40.00 ling equipage. From the description Spaniards; that said. whites had a number of mules and horses packed 8 Spanish bridles, at $6 each 48.00 given by the Pawnees, he (affiant) en­ tertained no doubt, at the time, that with various kinds of merchandise; that 3 guns, at $25 each 75.00 the party of white men robbed was the his young men attacked said whites, [Total) 3,273.13 company of traders to New Mexico, of ran them off, .and pillaged them of Deposition of Blass Grego Bent, St. Vrain, & Co.; under the com­ nearly all their mules, horses, and goods. "I am sorry," said the Big Soldier, Grego, a member of the trading mand of Marcelen St. Vrain. The Pawn­ ees who made the above statement to "it now turns out these white men were party, gave sworn statements to J us­ affiant belong, to the same tribe with not Spaniards, but my white American tice of the Peace P. Walsh at St. those that committed the robbery. brothers. This, my father, is all I can say Louis on July 11, 1838, reported by . Deposition of.Michelle Robidoux at present." A II the other chiefs and Walsh as follows: . warriors confirmed the statement of Robidoux provided additional in­ the Big Soldier. ... Blass Grego, who, being duly formation implicating the Pawnees sworn" on his oath says: That he was A II of which is respectfully referred to one of the hands employed by Bent, St. in sworn statements to Justice ofthe the department for its decision. Peace Walsh at St. Louis, July 1, Vrain, & Co.; that while said company Lewis V. Bogy Letter was travelling on their way to Mexico, 1838, recorded by Walsh as follows: they were attacked by a party of Indi­ ... Michelle Robidoux, who is per­ No action was taken on the claim ans on one of the forks of the river Ar­ sonally known to me, and, being by me ofBent, St. Vrain & Co. in 1839, and kansas, some time in the month of last duly sworn, on his oath states: That, in nothing further was done until five September. He believes said Indians the month of April last, he was at the years later. At that time Lewis Bogy, were of the Pawnee tribe. That the said Pawnee village on the river Platte, representing the interest of the company of Bent, Sf. Vrain, & Co., about two hundred miles from its claimants, acquired the above docu­ while endeavoring to effect their es­ mouth, and was in the cabin of the ments and forwarded them from St. cape from said Indians, had one of the chief of the nation, when a young Louis to Commissioner Crawford, said company killed by said Indians in Pawnee told him he was one of a party May 24, 1844. He also explained the said attack, and in which this affiant, who, in the fall preceding, had met a and two others of said company, were party of white men on one of the forks reason for the delay. wounded; that the said company was of the river Arkansas, whom they (the ... I herewith send you the papers; then on a trading expedition to Mex­ Indians) robbed of everything, viz: mer­ the whole matter having several years ico; that, in the aforesaid attack, the chandise, horses, mules, and all their ago been placed in the hands of the said Indians robbed said company of travelling· equipage. The young Paw­ proper agent, and by him presented to every article of merchandise they then nee showed to the affiant several the Indians for their assent. had, consisting of twelve mule and Spanish blankets and Spanish bridles, The depositions prove the fact of the horse loads, comprising cloths, domes- with many other valuable articles, robbery, and the letter or report of Mr. . tics, shoes, Spanish blankets, Spanish which the Indians stated they had sto­ Dougherty proves the assent of the In­ bridles, &c. &c., as per inventory hereto len from that party of white men. From dians. These papers have been lost or annexed (marked A [see previous the description given to affiant by the mislaid until a few days ago. The matter document],) together with nine mules, Pawnees, of the time, place, and other was placed in the hands of Mr. three horses, saddles, ropes, &c. Affiant circumstances of the robbery, he en­ Dougherty but a short time before his knows the articles described in said in­ tertains no doubt that the party of resignation of the office of Indian ventory, from the fact of having as­ white men alluded to by the Indians as agent; he was succeeded by a Mr. [Jo­ sisted in packing them. having been robbed by them, was the seph V.] Hamilton, whose habits at that Deposition of Alexander Papin company of Bent, St. Vrain, & Co., on time, as I have been informed, entirely their way to New Mexico, under the disqualified him from attending to the Papin testified to Pawnee perpe­ command of Marcelen St. Vrain. duties of the office. They were placed tration ofthe attack before Justice of in the hands of Mr. Hamilton by Mr. John Dougherty Letter 1 the Peace Walsh at St. Louis on July • Indian Agent Dougherty reported Dougherty when he went out of office 11, 1838, reported by Walsh as fol­ [June 27, 1839]; and since that time lows: the claim of Bent, St. Vrain & Co. to constant efforts have been made to ... Alexander Papin, who is person­ Commissioner of Indian Mfairs T. obtain them, but they could not be ally known to me, and, being by me Hartley Crawford on May 3, 1839, in found until within a few days ago. They duly sworn, on his oath states: That a letter: were found in a small box belonging to some time in the month of December This is to certify, that I this day pre­ Mr. Hamilton, in the possession of Cap­ last, a party of Pawnee Indians came sented for payment the account (A) tain [Eustace] Trenor of the dragoons, to his trading post at Bellevue, six miles [see list of property above], in favor of and by him sent to this place. Thus has above the river Platte, on the Missouri Bent, St. Vrain, & Co., to the Pawnee this matter been delayed for several river, who told him that about three Loup tribe of Indians, in general council years by the inattention and neglect of months before, they had met a party of assembled, and asked them what they the government. white men on one of the forks of the Ar­ had to say concerning the same; and if Mr. St. Vrain, one of the claimants, is kansas river; the whites were on a trad­ said account was correct, what ex­ at this tim e in Washington city; and if ing expedition, and were travelling at cuse they had to offer for such con­ you will let him know of the receipt of the time the Indians met them; they duct? One of the principal men (called these papers, I think it probable that he

20 Wagon Tracks May 1998

https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 20 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

will be able to give you all the informa­ believes to be the usual and customary boundary between the United States tion you may desire. You will please let prices in that country. and Texas and Mexico. The outrage me know what disposition may be Lewis V. Bogy Letter complained of is said to have been be­ made of this matter, as Iam the author­ Bogy turned to Congress for set­ tween this fort and the Spanish settle": ized agent. tlement, as explained in his letter to ments; consequently it occurred out of T. Hartley Crawford Letter the territorial limits of our government, Congressman James B. Bowlin (D­ and the claim for damages cannot be Commissioner Crawford, as re­ MO), December 12, 1844: recognised unless it is proved to the quested by Bogy, sent notice to DEA R SIR: I herewith enclose you the contrary. Ceran St. Vrain, June 18, 1844, ac­ copy of a letter which I addressed to Jacob Thompson's Report knowledging the legitimacy of the the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, on claim and explaining why it could the 24th May, 1844, as the agent for Mter considering the above docu­ ments, the Committee on Indian M­ not be paid: Messrs. Bent, St. Vrain, & Co. You will see, by this letter, that Messrs. Bent, St. fairs reached a decision, reported by SIR: The claim of Messrs. Bent, St. Vrain, Thompson, March 3, 1845: & Co., for depredations said to have Vrain, & Co. have a claim against the been committed by the Pawnee Indi- , government of the United States for The following facts seem to be satis­ ans, transmitted to this office by L. V. depredations committed by the Paw­ factorily established: That, in the year Bogy, esq., on the 24th ultimo, has nee Indians. I also send you the answer 1838 [1837], Messrs. Bent, St. Vrain, & been under consideration, and, after a of the Commissioner to my letter. Co. were on their route to Santa Fe, on careful examination, I have come to Messrs. Bent, St. Vrain, & Co., when a trading expedition, and encamped the following conclusions: here last summer, requested me to on one of the branches of the Arkansas leave or place the whole matter in your river: that, while in camp, a company The claim appears to be pretty well hands, so that you might place the of Pawnee Indians attacked them, established, though the prices of the matter before Congress'. You will, killed one man and wounded three articles seem to be very high-indeed, therefore, obtain from Mr. Crawford all others; and seized and carried away enormously so. the papers in this case. I also send you their merchandise, mules, horses, and There is, however, no fund (annuity) the depositions of two witnesses, in re­ travelling equipage. An invoice of the out of which it could be paid. The lation to the price of the goods taken articles stolen accompanies the pa­ Pawnee Loups are entitled to receive by the Indians. By carefully looking over pers: their value is estimated at $3,273. for next year, (the last.) under the all these papers, you will see that 13. Messrs. Bent, St. Vrain, & Co., in ac­ treaty of 1833, $1,000 in goods. It is thus Messrs. Bent, St. Vrain, & Co., did all cordance with the provisions of the in­ apparent that there are no means to they could to get the matter adjusted tercourse law of 1834, applied to the meet this demand.... as soon as possible. The cause of the Pawnee tribe of Indians, through their Deposition of Jared W. Folger delay is explained in my letter to Mr. agent, for payment for the property of Crawford's claim that the value of Crawford, who, in his answer to me, which they had been robbed. The Indi­ the stolen property had been highly says that the explanation is entirely sat­ ans acknowledged the justness of the inflated was countered by testimony isfactory. But he also says that there is claim, but declared themselves unable no fund (annuity) out of which it could to make payment. After a lapse of five from Santa Fe traders. Folger gave a be paid, as the Pawnee Loups, by the years, the claim is presented to the sworn statement to the clerk of the treaty of 1833, were entitled to receive Commissioner of Indian Affairs for liqui­ court of common pleas at St. Louis, for next year $1,000 in goods. By the act dation: this delay in the presentation of July 10, 1844: to regulate trade and intercourse with the account is explained as resulting ... Jared W. Folger, who, being the tribes, approved June 30, 1834, from the neglect of the agent of the duly sworn, upon his oath says: That he section 17, ... the United States guar­ government. From a letter of the Com­ has been for several years engaged in anty the payment of all such claims, missioner of Indian Affairs, which is the Indian and Santa Fe trade, and and provide that the amount shall be found among the papers, it is ascer­ that he is perfectly familiar with the paid out of the treasury of the United tained that the Pawnee Indians have price of goods in that country. The States. I presume, under this law, the 'no annuity out of which this debt can price charged for each article men­ claim has to be presented to Congress. be discharged; and the question for tioned in the invoice marked A, and I wish you, therefore, to do so. the House to decide is, Shall an appro­ written on the other side of this affida­ T. Hartley Crawford Letter priation be made to satisfy this claim vit, amounting to the sum of $3,273, he The claim was presented to Con­ against the Pawnee Indians? believes to be the usual and customary gress and referred to the Committee In the 17th section of the act ap­ prices in that country. proved June 30, 1834, entitled "Act to •• on Indian Mfairs. There Congress­ Deposition of John O. Simpson man Jacob Thompson (D-MS) con­ regulate trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes, and to preserve peace On the same date, July 10, 1844, tacted Commissioner Crawford to Simpson gave a sworn statement to on the frontiers," it is provided, that if determine if the attack had occurred any Indian or Indians, belonging to any the clerk of the court of common " , within U.S. territory. Crawford re­ tribe in amity with the United States, pleas at St. Louis: ported to Thompson, January 20, shall, within the Indian country, take or ... John O. Simpson, who, being duly 1845: destroy the property of any person law­ sworn, upon his oath says: That he has ... Ihave caused an examination to fully 'within such country, such person, been in the Indian and Sante Fe trade, be made of the location where Messrs. being a citizen or inhabitant of the and is familiar with the price of goods in Bent, St. Vrain, & Co., were robbed by United States, may, through the proper that country. The price charged for the Indians. It is stated to have been at Indian agent, under the direction of each ,article mentioned in the invoice a point between Fort Bent and the the President of the United States, marked A, and written on the other Spanish settlements. Ifind that Fort Bent make application to the nation or tribe side of this affidavit, amounting to the is within the territory of the United to which said Indian or Indians shall be­ sum of three thousand two hundred States-immediately, however, on the long, for satisfaction; and if such nation and seventy-three dollars, ($3,273,) he line, the Arkansas river being the or tribe shall neglect or refuse to make

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 21

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 21 ------Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

. satisfaction in a reasonable time not, 33rd Congress, 1st session. It should MILITARY POSTS ON THE ROAD FROM exceeding twelve months, it shall be be noted that Fort Atkinson, which MISSOURI TO NEW MEXICO the duty of such Indian agent to make had been abandoned in August 1853, There were requests for addi­ return of his doings to the Commis­ was temporarily reoccupied from tional military posts along the Trail sioner of Indian A ffairs, that such further steps may be taken as shall be proper, May 27 to October 2, 1854, after during the period after Fort Atkin­ which it was completely abandoned. son was abandoned, 1854, and the • in the opinion of the President to obtain satisfaction for the injury. And if the na­ This "Memorial" may have influ­ establishment of Fort Larned, 1859. tion or tribe to which such Indian may enced the decision to utilize Fort At­ There were also proposals for alter­ belong receives an annuity from the kinson during the summer of 1854. nate routes, as this document shows. United States, such claims shall, at the The document appears as originally The following House Report No. 154, next payment of the annuity, be de­ printed. House of Representatives, 35th Con­ ducted therefrom, and paid to the gress, 2d session, February 3, 1859, party injured; and if no annuity is pay­ To the honorable Senate and House presented by Charles J. Faulkner, of Representatives in Congress assem­ able to such nation or tribe, then the acting chairman of the committee on amount of the claim shall be paid from bled the treasury of the United States. The memorial of the Legislative As­ military affairs, explains why HR No. 132, to establish military posts The object of this law was to secure sembly of the Territory of New Mexico peace among our various friendly respectfully represents: on the road to New Mexico, was not tribes of Indians, and to prevent our That during the past year the honor­ passed. The documents in the report own people from any attempt to re­ able Secretary of War, for some cause are reprinted as they appeared. dress their own wrongs. But the provi­ unknown to your memorialists, has re­ Committee on Military Affairs Report sions of the law are so liberal and ex­ moved the military post on the Arkan­ The Committee on Military Affairs, to tensive, that the committee feel unwill­ sas river known as Fort Atkinson, upon whom was referred a bill to establish ing to go beyond its letter and spirit in the mail route between Independ­ certain military posts on or near the granting relief. A II the facts are satisfac­ ence, Missouri, and Santa Fe. This post, road made by Lieutenant Colonel J. E. torily established, except the one most while it was kept up with a small force, Johnston, leading from Missouri to New material to its allowance. That Bent, St. was of important service in the trans­ Mexico, have, according to order, had Vrain, & Co. were deprived of their portation of the mail across the great the same under consideration, and property by the Pawnee Indians, they prairies that lie between the United submit the following REPORT: do not doubt: that they applied for re­ States and New Mexico. It was the half­ The committee being 01 the opinion dress in the manner pointed out in the way home on the road; and by the es­ that there exists no such urgent neces­ statute, is apparent. But the robbery tablishment of a post at that point, the sity for the establishment of military was not committed in the United expenses were reduced, and, at the posts at the points indicated in said bill States, orwithin any Indian territory. It is same time, the passage made more as would justify the appropriation proved and admitted by the claimants secure. Your memorialists consider that asked for, respectfully recommend .themselves, that the robbery was com­ the re-establishment of said post is ab­ that the bill do not pass. mitted in the country "between Fort solutely necessary, in order to facilitate They submit as part of their report Bent and the Spanish settlements," and the transportation of the mail, as well as the subjoined communication from the therefore must have been committed security for the same, and for the nu­ Secretary of War. in the Mexican territory. When a trader merous trains that annually pass these leaves the United States, this govern­ plains. From Council Grove, Territory of Sec. of War John B. Floyd Letter to ment ceases to be responsible for any Nebraska, to Fort Union, in New Mex­ Charles J. Faulkner, May 15, 1858 losses which may attend his adven­ ico, a distance of six hundred miles, the Sir: Ihave the honor to enclose here­ tures. To adopt any other principle, country is entirely unsettled, and with a rer:;ort of the officer in charge of . would make our government responsi­ swarming with hostile Indians, and the Office of Explorations and Surveys, ble as insurers against all losses upon there is not a single rallying point for se­ in answer to your communication of the oceon, and devolve upon it a li­ curity, in case of an attack. The pres­ the 4th instant, enclosing a bill to estab­ ability which would be onerous in the ence of an armed force at this point. lish certain military posts on or near the extreme. The depredation complained being nearly midway between the two road made by Lieutenant Colonel J. E. of was committed beyond the limits of points above mentioned, will contrib­ Johnston, leading from Missouri to the the United States. It is not even shown ute much in keeping the Indians in sub­ Territory of New Mexico. that, in this instance, the Pawnee Indi­ jection, who make frequent attacks Lt. G. K. Warren, Topographical Engi­ ans followed them out of the United upon those that pass these great neers, to John B. Floyd, May 7, 1858 States, so as to bring them within the plains. The mail wagons are frequently Sir: The letter of the Hon. Charles J. equity of the law. rendered unserviceable in this region; Faulkner, enclosing a bill proposing to . Your committee, therefore, are and for the wantof a post of this na­ establish certain military posts, having unanimous in their opinion that the ture, where they can be repaired, they been referred to this office, the follow­ prayer of the petitioners should not be {)re obliged to abandon them upon ing statement is made in regard to the granted; and ask to be discharged the prairie, as it happened in the subject: from the further consideration of the month of January of the present year, There are at present two great same. when also some of the mules were fro­ routes to New Mexico, terminating at or FORT ATKINSON zen to death, which circumstances re­ near Santa Fe: one starting from the tarded the arrival of the mail at the The following "Memorial of the west boundary of Missouri, near the point of its destination. junction of the Kansas with the Missouri Legislative Council of New Mexico, Your memorialists, therefore, desire asking the re-establishment of Fort river, which is the most important of all; your honorable bodies to take such . and the other from Fort Smith, on the Atkinson," February 4, 1854, ap­ measures as may be necessary for the western boundary of the State of Ar­ peared in Miscellaneous Documents re-establishment of this route. And they kansas, by the Canadian river, a No. 47, House of Representatives, will ever pray. branch road striking this last in or near

22 Wagon Tracks May 1998

https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 22 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

the cross timbers. It is now proposed to able; First, that the present Forts Ar­ they reached the Arkansas River and open another route from the south­ buckle and Washita be abandoned, were preparing to ford it. Some fierce western frontier of Missouri. and one put in their stead at a point looking red skins in breech clouts and For this last purpose two routes were some forty miles to the west of old Fort war paint rode up and watched the examined in the summer of 1857, under Holmes. This is the western limit of culti­ proceedings with interest and when Colonel Johnston, in connexion with vable land, and would probably be as the team Eisele was managing balked the establishment of the southern efficient as the two posts now estab­ in midstream and' refused to budge, boundary of Kansas, and concerning lished. It would be some distance be­ the Indians charged into the water with these he has made a brief report. One low the point of junction of the pro­ blood stirring ye)ls, apparently, bent on of these routes continues on and near posed branch road with the main taking advantage of the situation. To the southern Kansas boundary to the route, but at that point there is not an the surprise and relief of the wagon Cimmarron river, and would then fol­ equally desirable location for a military men, however, they proved to be inter­ low the Cimmarron route to Santa Fe. post. ested only in getting the ref[r]actor-y The other would proceed directly from A second post might weU be estab­ oxen in motion and they did this with the southwest corner of Missouri to the lished at Valley creek, in longitude 101°, . the use of English oaths, probably the bend of the Canadian river, in longi­ which is a favorable locality, and in the only English words they knew. tude 99°, and then follow the Cana­ country of the Kioways and Coman­ Shortly after his return from Las Ve­ dian route to Santa Fe. For the latter of ches. The third post should be at Tu­ gas, Mr. Eisele joined another wagon these Colonel Johnston indicated his cumcari creek. These three posts along train bound for Virginia City, Montana, decided preference, as being better the Canadian are recommended by over the Oregon Trail. This time he and more direct. Lieutenant [James] Simpson in his re­ drove mules, which were more to his lik­ The resolution introduced by Mr. port, and are not only the most favor­ ing as he couldride one. He returned to Phelps, however, seems to indicate the able localities, but most desirably Westport, in '65, by way of Salt Lake inferior route as the one on which.to es­ placed. The last mentioned would be City, and Denver. In the Utah city he tablish the three posts. In this case the in a country very deficient in wood. The saw Brigham Young, and at Denver he most suitable points would be, first, on first would not be necessary, except as joined a record breaking wagon team the Arkansas river, at the crossing of the a better location for the troops now at train. road where the country is fertile and Forts Washita and Arbuckle. No post in Men from all over the Western coun­ well wooded and inviting to settlers; this connexion seems called for from try had assembled there for protection second, in the vicinity of the Salt Plains Missouri to the Canadian river, as it from the Indians on the way east. They on the Red Fork; and third, on Rabbit passes in this portion through the had 445 wagons in going out of Den­ Ear creek, at the junction of this route Cherokee country, who are semi­ ver, a train more than four miles long. with the Cimmarron road. civilized and friendly, and whose inter­ There was an average of four to six The first point is in a country inhab­ est would probably be served by the men to the wagon. ited mostly by friendly Indians, and opening of the road. He went to Paola, Kansas, in 1857, would not be much needed for de­ I would, in view of all facts and con­ and to Los Angeles, California, in 1873, fence, and the post might probably be siderations, advise that, if an appro­ when the city had a population of located to better advantage on the priation is desired, $50,000 be asked to 3,000. From there he freighted' to the Salt Fork, some fifty, miles further west, open the road from the Missouri line to borax mines of Nevada in '73 and in which is about the western limit capa- the Canadian river, near the 99th me­ 1874 went to Trinidad, Colorado, where . ble of settlement. The point near the ridian, and $50,000 to establish a post he operated a bakery for fourteen Salt Plain would not be well supplied on Valley creek or such point for the years. Later living in Kansas City, Kan­ with wood, and the water in this region protection of the route as a reconnais­ sas, in Missouri, and in Siloam Springs, is generally bad; and though the post sance for that purpose should indicate. Arkansas. He lived at Fort Bayard thir­ might be of some service in the event A post on the Arkansas would un­ teen years, now living in Silver City. of the salt ever becoming of value to doubtedly do much to aid the settle­ In all the nine states in which Mr. the country to the east, still the garrison ment and development of that region, Eisele lived - is at his best when recalling stationed here would be doomed to but it does not seem called for as a the Westport of the frontier and steam­ almost unqualified wretchedness, and measure of defence to settlers, or of boat landing on the Missouri that was it may be even doubted if the health of protection to travellers. to develop into Kansas City. • the troops would permit them to re­ Many a night he heard the wolf and main. From this point west to the Cim­ WILLIAM H. EISELE, TRAIL PIONEER the wildcat holler at Westport in the marron the country is very deficient in Marc Simmons found this item in early days. Many times he has seen the ..• wholesome water and grass, and desti­ the New Mexico Writers' Project, old Concord coaches go through tute of wood even for fuel. A post on WPA File, New Mexico State Re­ there from Independence bound for the Cimmarron would be in a region to cords Center and Archives, Santa Santa Fe, loaded with passengers. It furnish protection to the travellers from Fe. It is the report of an interview took seven days to go to Santa Fe, one the mouth of the Kansas as well as way. with William H. Eisele, Silver City, along the route proposed. Good water He remembers the somewhat fa­ and grass exist here, but timber and New Mexico, by Mildred Jordan, mous incident of Milto McGee's ride fuel are somewhat scarce. If, therefore, September 4, 1936, titled "Descrip­ behind an ox hitched to a buggy, posts are to be established on this tion of a Pioneer's Experience." when Mr. McGee was serving as the route, it seems to me that one near the Some hair-raising stories of experi­ second mayor of Kansas City. McGee Arkansas, and one near the Cimmar­ ence.with the Indians as told by Mr. Wil­ was a lover of horses and owner of sev­ ron road, are all that should at present liam H. Eisele in his travels by wagon eral fast ones and he was both an­ be attempted. train, when Indians were plentiful and gered and humiliated at being ar­ If the branch road to the Canadian the train with [which] Eisele was con­ rested for fast driving while serving as be selected in preference to the one nected had many thrilling encounters the City's chief executive, perhaps one along the boundary, the following ar­ with them, but no serious trouble. Per­ of the first cases of an arrest for speed­ rangement of posts would be desir- haps the most exciting, came when ing, in the city's history. In derision he

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 23

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 23 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

hitched the ox into his buggy, and selected and used for many years with­ CAMP TALES hired a negro boy to lead it through the out one dollar of public expense for streets while he sat solemnly holding bridges or grading, and it took in water­ -CHAPTER REPORTS- the reins. ing places to supply their needs. Many Another event Mr. Eisele recounts is people died on that trail and many Cimarron Cutoff the burial. in 1859 or 1860, of Gosunka, families were massacred, their wagons President Helen C. Brown A Kaw Indian Chief. The Indian was bur­ burned and stock driven off by the Indi­ PO Box 1400 ied on the prairie near Independence ans. As the country settled up, the old Elkhart KS 67950 with his dog, horse and.gun in the same trail was liable to be lost. (316) 697-4597 grave, -according to Indian custom. So the DAR. decided.to preserve its The chapter met in Clayton, NM, Horse and dog were slaughtered just history by placing large stone markers on May 2. Morris Alexander and before the burial. He gives an account along the route, and Overbrook was of a man who had been scalped by directly on the trail. It ran across right David Hutchison reported on the re­ the Indians at Westport. He did not see where the Methodist Church stood. cent SFTA board meeting. The chap­ it done, but saw the man when he was When the marker was delivered, we all ter had presented SFTA with a check brought in for treatment. The Indian turned out to set it and then called an for $6,466.97, repaying the loan for had cut around the scalp, placed his Old Settlers' Day and celebrated the the 1997 symposium 'plus a profit of foot on the head and jerked off the occasion. $2,466.97. scalp, leaving him for-dead. He did not In the forenoon we met in the Details of the Cimarron Route bi­ remember if the man fully recovered. schoolhouse, and the old men, some cycle tour over Memorial weekend, With all his exciting traveling from of whom had worked at freighting on Santa Fe Trail Daze in Boise City on place to place, Mr. Eisele was a family the trail, and others [who] had lived man, who found time to rear four chil­ close to it and had known all about it, June 5, and the Fly-In at Clayton on dren. Except for the loss of his wife sev­ held a 'love feast' and testified. It was June 6 were discussed. Plans were eral years ago, after a happy married very interesting. While all of those old made to hold a mapping and mark­ life of 47 years, he has never had a fellows insisted that they could not ing training session at Boise City, death in his immediate family. make a speech, yet we kept at them date to be determined with Phil Pe­ . DEDICATION OF A DAR MARKER until we got them going and then they tersen. all had something to say, and we did Mter the business meeting about SFTA President Margaret Sears have a good time. Then we had a bas­ received the following information ket dinner. I was the guest of Sylvanus 25 people toured"Trail sites west of from Bob Raymond, a friend from Heberling that day and had a great Clayton. The summer meeting will Lawrence, KS, whose grandfather, dinner and fine time. He was one who be at Springfield, CO, with a tour Elbert Olin Raymond, wrote his had driven on the trail. along the Granada-Fort Union Mili­ reminiscences, portions of which ap­ In the afternoon we were to meet at tary Road. The fall meeting will be at peared in Kansas History, journal of the rock marker, unveil it, and have Elkhart. This report is courtesy of the Kansas State Historical Society. some speaking. But unfortunately a Ambassador Paul Bentrup, who was E. O. Raymond was a Methodist regular Kansas wind started blowing not even there. Paul calls his report­ minister who emigrated from Illinois and by two oclock we had a regular ing enterprise "Bentrup News Serv­ to Kansas in 1888. He served many tornado almost, and we took our meet­ ice, with the emphasis on the News ing to the new Methodist church. There churches 'in Kansas, including sev­ State Senator Geo. P, Morehouse, an and not the BS." erallocated along the old Santa Fe old Council Grove boy delivered a very Texas Panhandle Trail, notably in Council Grove, interesting address. He had lived as a President Kathy Revett Overbrook, and Scranton. Addition­ boy where he could see the caravans 1227 S Bryan ally, his ministry took him to West­ pass and had gathered up many inci­ Amarillo TX 79102 moreland, which straddles the dents and reminiscences of the early (806) 371-9309 Oregon-California Trail. days of Kansas, and it just suited the oc­ casion and pleased the people. The chapter is planning some in­ It was during his appointment to teresting events this year. We hope the Methodist Church in Overbrook . I also made an address. I had gone to considerable extent in research in to hold a joint meeting in Tucumcari that he encountered the Santa Fe the local libraries and state library to with the End of the Trail and Cora­ Trail and participated in the dedica­ develop facts and matters of interest in zon chapters in October. Also, Dr. tion ofa DAR marker. This portion of the history of the old trail. But as no one Clint Chambers, a new member, has his memoirs follows: had ever written a history of it, it was all offered to host us at the Southwest One other thing occurred at Over­ fragmentary. The state library people Collection at Texas Tech in Lubbock. were kind to me and helped me to find brook worthy of remembering. The At the February meeting the fol­ Daughters of the American Revolution material for my address, which was all arranged to mark the old Santa Fe Trail, second-hand. Don't you see? And lowing officers were elected: Presi­ a natural highway·that extended from while Ihad a fine address, as addresses dent Kathy Revett, Vice-President Kansas City to Santa Fe, New Mexico, a go, yet it lacked the vital fire of the eye Clint Chambers, Secretary Dennis distance of seven hundred miles, four witness. People were very courteous Clayton, Treasurer Ruth Mary Ma­ hundred of it in Kansas. Over which and complimentary, yet Iliked the talks ples, Historian Beverly Lyle, Hostess thousands of tons of goods were of the old ox drivers better. "Experience Elaine Maples. hauled in wagons drawn by oxen, beats book learning." mules and horses. They went in organ­ Oh Yes! "Yorks Spring" is only about On May 3, the chapter hosted ized caravans of a hundred or more a mile out of Overbrook, which was SFTA President Margaret Sears and teams and men so as to defend them­ one of the famous watering places on Vice-President. Sam Arnold. As a selves against the hostile Indians in the trail. and we had a barrel of water chapter in a "non-Trail state," we crossing the plains. That highway was on tap at our celebration that day. want to jncrease participation and

24 Wagon Tracks May 1998

https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 24 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

Mound, and Charlie's Ruts east of Lakin. The chapter held its quarterly meeting April 9 in Hugoton, KS. Heart of the Flint Hills President Donald B. Cress RR 1 Box 66 Council Grove KS 66846 (316) 767-5826 The quarterly meeting was held April 23 at the Kaw Mission in Coun­ cil Grove. Members voted to help the local DAR move a DAR granite marker to its original site four miles west of Council Grove, where the Trail is crossed by U. S. Highway 56. Deanne Wright reported on the .Santa Fe board meeting, statingthat David Hutchison, coordinator for the 1997 symposium, presenting check to SFTA Secretary-Treasurer Ruth Olson Peters for $6,466.97, at board meeting in Santa Fe, Phil Petersen will have a mapping April 18, I to r: Margaret Sears, Mary Gamble, Ruth Olson Peters, David Hutchison, seminar in Council Grove on May 30 Morris Alexander, and Ross Marshall. for the Flint Hills, Cottonwood Crossing, and Quivira chapters. interest in our region's Santa Fe along the way, traveled to southern A bus tour was given for the Trail history and comlections. The Kearny County to see where the P.E.O. club April 19 to all the Trail Gregg-Marcy route from Fort Smith, swales exit the sand hills, and went sites from Lost Springs to Council Arkansas, passed through Amarillo. to Ebenflur Cemetery in Hamilton Grove. This was an opportunity to exchange County where DAR marker #84a is The 1998 Trail Ride will be at knowledge about the Association placed, marking the approximate lo­ Maxwell Wildlife Refuge June 6 and and area history. cation of the Aubry Route. They 7, start toward Council Grove on the Arnold brought with him a broad greatly appreciated the hospitality of 8th, and arrive on the 11th, tour knowledge of food and cooking dur­ Dennis and Karleen Gould who per­ Trail ruts on the 12th, and be in the ing the Trail era. The video of the mitted the travelers to stop at their Wah-shun-gah parade on the 13th. Entrada ceremony was also enjoyed. farm to freshen up and to eat their The next meeting will be July 23. rations. After lunch they viewed the Wagonbed Springs ruts of the Aubry Route in Joe End of the Trail President Jeff Trotman Shorter's pasture, where they cross President George Donoho Bayless PO Box 1005 the sand hills. The next stop was PO Box 156 Ulysses KS 67880 Fort Aubry. Dave Brownlee, owner Chama NM 87520 (316) 356-1854 of the site, provided a guided tour (888) 368-4868 On February 21 the chapter con­ and shared some artifacts that he Coming down from the excitement ducted an auto tour of the Upper has found. Other stops were made at and success ofthe 175th anniversary Crossing of the Santa Fe Trail, with Kendall to see the DAR marker on and its accompanying events, culmi­ 21 participants. From Wagonbed Main Street, at the DAR marker on nating in the Entrada celebration on Springs they visited two sets of ruts the north river road, at Indian the plaza at the End of the Trail, the chapter has turned to other pursuits. These projects include marking Trail crossings at throughfares in Santa Fe and developing the "New Santa I • Fe Trail." At the March 14 meeting Dale Ball, executive director of the Santa Fe Conservation Trust, explained that the New Trail is being devel­ oped as an intrepretive hiking trail along remnants of the Old Trail be­ tween Glorieta and Apache Canyon, NM. A long-term goal is to develop the New Trail from Pecos National Monument to Santa Fe. Volunteers are needed for this project. On May 16, as an event ofHeritage Preserva­ SFTA Vice-President Sam Arnold enjoying his lunch at the April 18 board meeting tion Week, EoT sponsored· a hike while Secretary-Treasurer Ruth Olson Peters and President Margaret Sears dig In. along a section ofthis New Trail.

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 25

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 25 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

OnApril 18 the chapter hosted the sites have been picked and markers Mix. SFTA board meeting at Peppers Res­ have been installed from south ofthe In a special ceremony, recently­ taurant in Santa Fe. Homebaked re­ Colorado border to Cimarron. Bernt departed individuals who had made freshments were provided by mem­ Winkel reported on the proposed significant contribution to the chap­ bers, and a number of members at­ symposium in 2001 in the Las Vegas ter's work were recognized: Arthur tended. area. The chapter has to decide if it Sayler, John Warner, and Bruce EoT and the neighboring chapter, will accept responsibility for putting Kenyon. Family members were in at­ Corazon de los Caminos, are em­ on the program. The May newsletter tendance to receive plaques honoring barking on a cooperative venture to will include a ballot on this issue. their husbands and fathers. share programs and local concerns What a festive meeting at Wagon The program, well received, was by increasing communication among Mound on April 19! The hall was presented by Lawrence Hart from ourselves and with the SFTA. Kathy buzzing, the food was good; about 60 the Cheyenne Cultural Center in Revett, president of the Texas Pan­ members of the two chapters at­ Clinton, OK. handle Chapter, is organizing a joint tended, plus guests from Kansas and The summer meeting is scheduled meeting with EoT and Corazon at Oklahoma who had attended the for August 16 at the Quivira Na­ Tucumcari in October. SFTA board meeting in Santa Fe the tional Wildlife Refuge Meeting On April 19 the EoT and Corazon day before. About 30 people climbed Room, rural Stafford, KS. chapters met together at Wagon Wagon Mound that morning (only Mound, where several climbed to the about a dozen made it to the top) Dodge City/Fort Dodge top ofWagon Mound with LeRoy Le­ guided by LeRoy LeDoux. Following David Kloppenborg Doux as guide. Mter lunch Harry lunch, Harry Myers presented a PO Box 441 Myers presented a program, "Juan lively program on Spanish explora­ Bucklin KS 67834 (316) 826-3537 de Ofiate-Way to the Plains-400 tion onto the plains. Years Ago." Regretfully, we report the death of On May 19, at the Dodge City Bernd Albers, who was a member of Public Library, members were enter­ the chapter. Bernie was a retired hy­ tained by Sky Shivers, storyteller, draulic design engineer, who also who gave a presentation oflife on the loved opera, geology, and sports cars. plains during the 19th century. Wet/Dry Routes Missouri River Outfitters President Rusti Gardner President A nne Mallinson 801 Vernon Dr 964 NW 600 Larned KS 67550 Centerview MO 64019 The spring meeting was at Fort (816) 230-7228 Larned NHS on April 19, with 75 The chapter met on April 26 at the attending. Announcements were National Frontier Trails Center in Independence, MO. Officers were End of the Trail Chapter President made about the Fort Larned Old Guard meeting, Santa Fe Trail Ren­ elected and a program on mules was George Donoho Bayless and Secretary presented. Joan Sudborough conferring during dezvous, Santa Fe Trail Days in SFTA board meeting on April 18. Larned, and the Boot Hill Museum The early summer meeting will be Ruts dedication. a picnic/BBQ on Sunday, May 31, at Corazon de los Caminos Reports were given concerning 2:00 p.m. at Lizard Creek Ranch. the seminar on June 13 and the dedi­ Bring your fishing pole, a covered President Steve Whitmore dish, and a lawn chair. Bring pic­ 120 Gabaldon Rt cation ofthe Chavez marker on June Las Vegas NM 87701 12. The chapter voted to pay regis­ tures of the Santa Fe Trail sites yOU (505) 454-0683 tration fee for the president to attend .have visited as we will share our fa­ any major meeting which requires vorite experiences on the Trail. The 1998 kickoff event at Wagon Friends, children, and family are Mound on March 15 drew 35 mem­ representation from the chapter and approved an additional $100 fee for welcome. For more information, call bers and friends. SFTA President (816) 230-7228. Margaret Sears gave a presentation Dr. David Sandoval for his presenta­ on the Association's aims and aspira­ tion at the Chavez marker dedica­ Thanks to Evelyn Bartlow for tions for the next few years. She ex­ tion. Also approved was the transfer sharing the history of the Womall House and her children's book pressed concern about the loss of of the Civil War gravestone project to . ' Em~ly membership and asked for sugges­ the Pawnee Camp No. 15, Sons ofthe and the SantaFe Trail, at our tions on how to stop this loss. Mi­ Union Veterans of the Civil War. last meeting. Logo entries are due chael Macklin, mapping committee, Richard Ford reported on the prog­ September 1, and membership will reported that Hal Jackson had dis­ ress of the mapping project and rec­ vote its choice this fall. covered some 1930 aerial maps ommended that Lee Kroh be sent a Quivira showing the Trail and the chapter letter of appreciation for his many President Wayne Smith has purchased them. Nancy Robert­ hours of assistance. 1635 2nd Rd son informed us that $5,000 had Two members at large of the Faye Raymond KS 67573-9624 been allocated by the Scenic Byways Anderson Award Committee were (316) 5~4-2821 Committee for markers. So far 70 appointed: Lon Palmer and Larry No report.

26 Wagon Tracks May 1998

https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 26 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 12, Issue 3 (May, 1998)

Cottonwood Crossing President Vernon Lohrentz 205 Beverly Newton KS 67114 (316) 284-2095 No report. Bent's Fort Chapter President Lolly Ming 1841 County Rd DD Pritchett CO 81064 (719) 523-6968 The Big Timbers Museum at La­ mar, CO, served as the site for the chapter meeting on March 7. A pot­ luck luncheon followed the business meeting. There was time to tour the museum before the afternoon"pro­ gram, a video describing the Sand Bent's Fort Chapter officers, I to r: Treasurer Betty Choat, Secretary LaDonna Hutton, Creek Massacre from an Indian President Lolly Ming, and Vice-President Gerald Faust, courtesy of Bent County • viewpoint. Then the 175th slide Democrat. presentation was shown, with sev­ Uncle William also was a cofounder ,Lubbock TX 79416 eral nice new aerial views at the con­ of Wichita. He was involved in peace Marvin & Beverly Clifton, 604 Miller, Du­ clusion shown by Luella Marlman. treaties with the Indians. At their re­ mos TX 79209 ' Bent's Fort chapter membership in­ quest he founded a trading post at Earl & Norma Conley, PO Box 26, Gra­ formation may be obtained from Fort Sill, Oklahoma Territory, and nada CO 81041 Betty Choat (719) 336~2425. lived among the Indians for awhile. I June & Dorothy Crawford, 2101 Coyote On April 25" the chapter sponsored am interested in making contact . Spur, Golden CO 80403 a trek along the Granada-Fort Union with anyone who has information Mark & Sarah Eubank, 2422 NW Wind­ wood Dr, Lee's Summit MO 64081 Military Route (Northern Section). about Uncle William and Aunt Liz­ Ruts, stage stops, gravesites, and pe­ Jorg Fischer, The Santa Fe New Mexi­ zie, and I will share what I have. can Restaurant, Holtenauerstr. 93, troglyphs were visited and explained Thank you. Kiel, GERMA NY by area expert, Angelo Passini. Mary Emma Allen H. R. & Leona Peery, 963 Stanley Ave, Parkview Elementary School in 55 Binks Hill Rd Los Altos CA 94024 . Lamar, CO, was selected to be a part Plymouth NH 03264 Donald & Norma Stainsby, 10 Melissa of the National Challenger Grant (603) 536-4851 Lane, Bella Vista AR 72714 Program. They are doing an in-depth FA.X: (603) 536-4851 INDIVIDUAL MEMBERSHIPS study of the Trail. To accomplish E-Mail: [email protected] this, they are using the library, Jan Anderson, PO Box 1600, Lamar CO Internet, and visiting Trail sites. 81052 I__-.N_EW...... S_FT-.A-.M...... EM-.-BE_R_S I Gene Barber, 2015 Duncan St, Pampa The 5th grade at Parkview Ele­ TX 79065 mentary recently joined the SFTA This list includes new member- . ships received since the last issue. John Bart, 3058 N Sherrelwood Dr, Can­ and the Bent's Fort Chapter. Chap­ on City CO 81 212 ter members have been working with Those received after this printing If Marty Campbell, PO Box 452, Holly CO the students and their teachers. will appear in the next issue. there 81047 is 'an error in this information, Lolly Ming went to their classroom . Jane M. Condron, 268 Edward St, We­ and presented the chapter's slide please send corrections to the editor. thersfield CT 06109 show, "Wagon Tracks Across South­ We thank you for your support. . Rosalie Clymer, RR 2 Box 51, Council east Colorado." Members Angelo INSTITUTIONAL MEMBERSHIPS Grove KS 66846 Passini, Leonard Dooley, and Edith Parkview Elementary School, Fifth A. L. Daily, 212 E 17th St, Tucson AZ Birchler led some of the students on Grade, Joy Blanton, Box 1062, Lamar 85701 a field trip to the Granada, CO, area. CO 81052 Kenneth Davis, 530231 st St, Lubbock TX The chapter welcomes these stu­ Trails Project, KCMO School Dist, Tina 79407 dents and teachers as members. Littlejohn/Connie Gray, 306 E 12th Cleona DuncBuffalo Bill) Ma­ Emmett & Patricia Bauer, 508 Charles, Marlow Fisher, 242 Entrada Dr, Santa thewson, who operated a trading McPherson KS 67460 Monica CA 90402 post at Cow Creek, possibly another Fred Casterline, 1810 Fairway Dr, Dod- Warren Folsom, PO Box 337, Holly CO in" the Walnut Creek area. He was ge City KS 67801 . 81047 married to Elizabeth (Lizzie) Inman. Clint & Sylvia Chambers, 5104 18th PI, Edgar L. Grumke, 1235 Schluersburg

May 1998 Wagon Tracks 27

Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1998 27 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 12 [1998], Iss. 3, Art. 1

Rd, Augusta MO 63332 NM; contact Joan MacNeish (505) celebration, Fort Larned NHS. Ted Holmes, 810 N Camino Santiago # 445-9588. July 19, 1998: Corazon de los Cami­ 15, Tucson AZ 85745 June 6-7, 1998: Clayton, NM;Fly-in nos Chapter meeting, Kiowa Grass­ Keith W. Latham, 5511 Floyd, Amarillo and Ranch and Rodeo event, contact land. TX 79106 Jim Talley (800) 390-7858 or (505) Charles Lemonds, Grant Hall, Fort Dod­ August 16, 1998: Wet/Dry Routes ge KS 67843 374-9253. Chapter meeting at the Quivira Na­ Kristin Markel, 2801 Doralane Ave, Dod-· June 6-13, 1998: Heart of the Flint tional Wildlife Refuge. ge City KS 67801 Hills Chapter Trail Ride (316) 767­ Sept. 5-7, 1998: Military living­ JoBennett Mitchell, 1061 Lyons Rd, El­ 5826. history programs, Fort LarnedNHS. lensburg WA 98926 June 7-13, 1998: Santa Fe Trail Sept. 24-27, 1988: Trail Rendez­ Carol Overstake, 6120 Croyden Circle, Rendezvous, Whittington Center, vous, "Music and Leisure on the Wichita KS 67220 Raton NM, (505) 445-3615. Santa Fe Trail," Larned KS, (316) Don B.-Popejoy, PO Box 9021, Spokane WA 99209 June· 11, 1998: Grand opening of 285-2054. Edith Reeves, 254 E Mariellen A ve, Ulys­ Santa Fe Trail Museum, Trinidad Oct. 10, 1998: Fort Larned NHS ses KS 67880 CO, 1:00-3:00 pm, contact Paula candlelight tour, reservations re­ Manini (719) 846-7217. Carl Shankland, 1301 Belle A ve,Topeka quired (reservations accepted start­ I KS 66604 June 13, 1998: Wet/Dry Routes ing Sept. 22), (316) 285-6911. Beverly Smith, Wells Fargo Historical Chapter Seminar, "Survey of the Oct. 11-18, 1998: Elderhostel Trail Services, 420 Montgomery St, 2ndFI. Road to New Mexico," 8:30 am to tour. San Francisco CA 94104 3:30 pm, Community Center, Larned Randy Smith, 10886 W Park, Dodge City Oct. 18, 1998: Texas Panhandle, KS, (316) 285-3295. End of the Trail, anq. Corazon chap­ KS 67801 June 13, 1998: Bent's Fort Chapter Maxwell Stepanuk, 1025 Evans Rd, Box ters join meeting, Tucumcari NM. 725, Gwynedd Valley PA 19437 tour, Granada-Fort Union Military Sept. 23-26, 1999: SFTA Sympo­ Rose M. Thompson, 1908 Kedron Dr, Road. sium, Council Grove KS. Contact Fort Collins CO 80524 June 13, 1998: Juneteenth Celebra­ Jim Selby, 200 N Chautauqua, Kellie Vap, 702 SMain, Lamar CO 81 052 tion, Arrow Rock MO (660) 837-3231. Council Grove KS 66846 (316) 767­ Emmy Andra Wright, 410 W Hwy 50, June 13-14, 1998: Santa Fe Trail 6994. . Lakin KS 67860 Festival, Trinidad CO. June 13-Aug. 31, 1998: "Arrow FROM THE EDITOR II-_....;T:.;,;R;,;.;A:.:.::IL~C;;.A.;.;;L;.;,E N;.;"D;;,;A;.,:;R;.;....__I Rock's Mrican-American History: The April 18 SFTA board meeting Everyone is invited to send no­ Giving Voice to An Unheard Past," Exhibit atArrow Rock State Historic in Santa Fe was well-attended and tices for this section; provide loca­ productive. A highlight of this trip tion, date, time, and activity. This is Site, open free to public (660) 837­ 3330. for the Olivas was the opportunity to a quarterly. The next issue should join members and guests ofthe Cora­ appear in August, so send informa­ June·21, 1998: Corazon de los Cami­ nos Chapter meeting, Cimarron NM. zon and End of the Trail chapters to tion for September and later to ar­ climb Wagon Mound on April 19, led rive by July 20, 1998. Thank you. June 26-27, 1998: Rice-Tremonti by LeRoy LeDoux. June 5, 1998: Santa Fe Trail Daze, Frontier Days, Raytown month We hope to see you at the Wet/Dry Cimarron County, OK; contact Phyl­ June 30, 1998: Mark L. Gardner Chapter seminar June 13. Plan now lis Randolph at (580) 544-3479. musical program at National Fron­ to attend the Rendezvous in Septem­ June 6, 1998: National Trails Day. tier Trails Center, Independence ber. It promises to be a doozy. MO, 7:00 p.m., no charge. June 6, 1998: Old Raton Pass/Na­ Happy Trails! tional Trails Day celebration, Raton July 4, 1998: Independence Day -Leo E. Oliva " Santa Fe Trail Association NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION ,., PO Box 31 U.S. POSTAGE Woodston, KS 67675 PAID PERMIT NO.2 WOODSTON KS 67675 Change Service Requested

28 Wagon Tracks May 1998

https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol12/iss3/1 28