DOCSLIB.ORG

American Civil War Flags: Documents, Controversy, and Challenges- Harold F

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
American Civil War Flags: Documents, Controversy, and Challenges- Harold F AMERICAN STUDIES jOURNAL Number 48/Winter 2001 The Atnerican Civil War ,.~~-,~.,.... -~~'-'C__ iv_ i__ I _W:.........~r Scho!arship in t4e 21st Cent ea Confere . ISSN: 1433-5239 € 3,00 AMERICAN STUDIES jOURNAL Number 48 Winter 2001 The Atnerican Civil War "Civil War Scholarship in the 21st Century" Selected Conference Proceedings ISSN: 1433-5239 i I Editor's Note Lutherstadt Wittenberg States and the Environment." Since the year 2002 marks November 2001 the five hundredth anniversary of the founding of the University of Wittenberg, the Leucorea, where the Center Dear Readers, for U.S. Studies in based, issue #50 will be devoted to education at the university level in a broad sense. Articles It is with some regret that I must give notice that this on university history, articles on higher education and so present issue of the American Studies Journal is my forth are very welcome. For further information on last as editor. My contract at the Center for U.S. Studies submitting an article, please see the Journal's web site. expires at the end of 2001, so I am returning to the United States to pursue my academic career there. At AUF WIEDERSEHEN, present, no new editor has been found, but the American Embassy in Germany, the agency that finances the Dr. J. Kelly Robison printing costs and some of the transportation costs of Editor the Journal, are seeking a new editor and hope to have one in place shortly. As you are aware, the editing process has been carried out without the assistance of an editorial assistant since November of 2000. A search has been made for a new assistant, but now requires the approval of the board of directors of the Stiftung Leucorea. It is hoped that the American Studies Journal will continue to be published without any interruption. Therefore, I would like to remind all of the readers, especially those who are interested in submitting articles for publication, that the theme for issue #49 is "the United lmpressum Herausgegeben im Auftrag des Zentrums fur USA-Studien, Stiftung Leucorea an der Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg von J. Kelly Robison Druck: Regional Printing Center, Manila ISSN: 1433-5239 Redaktionsadresse Zentrum fur USA-Studien, Stiftung Leucorea an der Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg, CollegienstraBe 62, 06886 Lutherstadt Wittenberg, Fax: (03491) 466223, ZUJYLS E-Mail: asj @zusas.uni-halle.de Homepage: http://www.zusas.uni-halle.de/-asj/ The American Studies Journal is published semi-annually. The subscription rate is 6 Euro, plus 3 Euro for postage and handling within Germany. If you would like to receive more than one copy, add 1 Euro for each additional subscription (national rates). Prepayment is required. Please transfer your remittance to Zentrum fiir USA-Studien, Account Number 26212, Sparkasse Wittenberg, BLZ 805 501 01. Payment by check cannot be accepted. 2 ASJ 48 (WINTER 2001) AMERICAN STUDIES jOURNAL Number 48 Winter 2001 "Civil War Scholarship in the 21st Century:" Selected Conference Proceedings 2 Editor's Note 5 Guest Editor's Note Articles 6 Overflowing and Half-Full: Achievements and Gaps in Recent Civil War Military History - Timothy Mulligan 20 Union and Confederate Biography: Where Do We Stand? - John F. Marszalek and Craig L. Symonds 27 Exploding the Myth: American Civil War Novels at the End of the 20th Century - Ursula Baumann 32 American Civil War Flags: documents, controversy, and challenges- Harold F. Mailand 39 Military Justice Makes Rattling Good History: Ethnicity & the Role of the Eighth New York Heavy Artillery - Kathryn Lerch 44 " ... to strive for loyalty": German-Confederate Newspapers, the issue of slavery, and German ideological commitment - Andrea Mehrlander 52 The Linguistic Legacy of the Civil War: How the Civil War Changed American English - Gregory Weeks Teaching Resources 57 To What Extent Did The American Civil War Affect Civil Liberties? -Kathryn Lerch 60 Civics Education in Central Europe - David Jervis Book Reviews 64 Jeffrey W Helsing,]ohnson's War/ Johnson's Great Society: The Guns and Butter Trap - Peter J. Ling. ASJ 48 (W!NfER 2001) 3 64 Jacqueline Bobo, ed. Black Feminist Criticism -Barbara Ryan 65 Robert A. Burchell (compiler), World Bibliographical Series, Vol. 16: United States of America - Charles C. Kolb 66 Elizabeth Reis, ed. American Sexual Histories- Tiffany McKirdy 67 Wolfgang Hochbruck, hrsg. Achtundvierziger/Forty-Eighters: Die deutsche Revolution von 1848/49, die Vereinigten Staaten und der amerikanische Burgerkrieg - Andrea Mehrlander 68 Marianne S. Wokeck, Trade in Strangers: The Beginnings ofMass Migration to North America - J. Kelly Robison 4 AS] 48 (WINTER 2001) --- ------- Guest Editor's Note Lutherstadt Wittenberg/Berlin outstanding studies have focused on the ethnic October 2001 dimensions of the war, tightly connected with issues of ethnic leadership, race, and politics. In Dear Readers, both countries, however, there are still topics that lie fallow. That was the reason why the Center for The sectional conflict of the mid-nineteenth U.S. Studies decided to hold a conference at century was probably the greatest crisis in the Lutherstadt Wittenberg, March 29 - 31, 2001, history of the United States. Consequently, courses entitled '"War makes rattling good history' : Civil on this momentous event have become a necessary War Scholarship in the 21" Century," For the first and much needed feature in American and German time 30 German and American Civil War scholars, history curricula. No field of American history has both established and young, met outside the United been more transformed by recent scholarship than States to discuss, evaluate, and analyse the findings the study of the Civil War. Despite this outpouring of recent research in the field. of written history that has shaped our The current issue of the American Studies understanding of Northern and Southern attitudes Journal, "The American Civil War, 1861- 1865" in this conflict, there seems to be no diminution features a selection of the papers presented at this of interest in the subject. conference, that we felt you would enjoy most. Since 1865, more than 50,000 books have The articles included, therefore, range from been published on this most crucial event in ethnical participation to historiographical analysis. American history. In addition, an average of 800 Hopefully, you will agree with Thomas Hardy after Civil War books are still being published annually, the perusal of this issue, who once said: "War and Civil War roundtables, military enactments makes rattling good history; but Peace is poor and Hollywood movies are increasingly high in reading." 1 popular favor. · While the immense interest of American 1 The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations scholars in this field needs no explanation, it was (Oxford, 2 1955), 236. only recently that Germany has witnessed the emergence of wide scholarly interest in the era of Dr. Andrea Mehrlander, Guest Editor the American Civil War. Naturally, a number of COVER PICTURE German-born forty-eighter Colonel Louis Blenker (May 12, 1812- March 31, 1863) and his staff of the 8th New York Infantry in 1861. Source: National Archives and Records Administration AS] 48 (WINTER 2001) 5 I I OVERFLOWING AND HALF-FULL: ACHIEVEMENTS AND GAPS IN RECENT CIVIL WAR MILITARY HISTORY In his too-thin study of General George Pickett's role describe the principal trends, identify the most significant in the hanging of 22 North Carolinians for desertion works, and note some gaps where work might be done. 8 following their capture as Union soldiers in 1864, Civil In so doing we shall consider the question raised by War writer Gerard A. Patterson concludes that the William W. Freehling, whether a social analysis of the dashing Rebel general's harsh decision "has, deservedly war can replace battlefield suspense as a plot for a or not, faded deeper into obscurity, disregarded by dramatic epic. 9 generations far more attracted by glorious deeds. "1 With Before addressing the principal areas of military this observation he characterizes a long-standing, but no history literature, it is necessary to note the more limited longer valid, state of Civil War military hist­ number of studies that examine Civil War military oriography: The "glorious deeds" of battlefield actions history as a whole or in highly specialized fields. At and personalities continue to dominate the field, yet a the "macro" level, the most influential single-volume broader portrait of a society in ever-deepening conflict treatment in recent years remains James B. McPherson's is beginning to emerge, with an emphasis on disruption Battle Cry ofFreedom, a Pulitzer Prize-winning narrative and conflict within the wartime South. Such a dichotomy that combines military, political and social history but signifies more than an academic debate, it touches on emphasizes the military dimension of the conflict. 10 several key issues: the use and purpose of history in Almost simultaneously Edward Hagerman produced a American society, the nature and extent of military thoughtful and detailed examination of the war's military history, and indeed the universal questions of Geschichte aspects and lessons, particularly in field fortifications and Vergangenheit, the difference between historical and logistics.11 While these works were in preparation study and historical memory. several historians jointly produced a two-volume Since the mid-1980s Civil War history has flourished, thematic study of the war that concluded a lack of fueled by the popular interest aroused by Ken
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ocm06220211.Pdf
    THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS--- : Foster F__urcO-lo, Governor METROP--�-��OLITAN DISTRICT COM MISSION; - PARKS DIVISION. HISTORY AND MASTER PLAN GEORGES ISLAND AND FORT WARREN 0 BOSTON HARBOR John E. Maloney, Commissioner Milton Cook Charles W. Greenough Associate Commissioners John Hill Charles J. McCarty Prepared By SHURCLIFF & MERRILL, LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL CONSULTANT MINOR H. McLAIN . .. .' MAY 1960 , t :. � ,\ �:· !:'/,/ I , Lf; :: .. 1 1 " ' � : '• 600-3-60-927339 Publication of This Document Approved by Bernard Solomon. State Purchasing Agent Estimated cost per copy: $ 3.S2e « \ '< � <: .' '\' , � : 10 - r- /16/ /If( ��c..c��_c.� t � o� rJ 7;1,,,.._,03 � .i ?:,, r12··"- 4 ,-1. ' I" -po �� ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to acknowledge with thanks the assistance, information and interest extended by Region Five of the National Park Service; the Na­ tional Archives and Records Service; the Waterfront Committee of the Quincy-South Shore Chamber of Commerce; the Boston Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy; Lieutenant Commander Preston Lincoln, USN, Curator of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion; Mr. Richard Parkhurst, former Chairman of Boston Port Authority; Brigardier General E. F. Periera, World War 11 Battery Commander at Fort Warren; Mr. Edward Rowe Snow, the noted historian; Mr. Hector Campbel I; the ABC Vending Company and the Wilson Line of Massachusetts. We also wish to thank Metropolitan District Commission Police Captain Daniel Connor and Capt. Andrew Sweeney for their assistance in providing transport to and from the Island. Reproductions of photographic materials are by George M. Cushing. COVER The cover shows Fort Warren and George's Island on January 2, 1958.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Cincinnati
    UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date:_December 13, 2006_ I, James Michael Rhyne______________________________________, hereby submit this work as part of the requirements for the degree of: Doctor of Philosophy in: History It is entitled: Rehearsal for Redemption: The Politics of Post-Emancipation Violence in Kentucky’s Bluegrass Region This work and its defense approved by: Chair: _Wayne K. Durrill_____________ _Christopher Phillips_________ _Wendy Kline__________________ _Linda Przybyszewski__________ Rehearsal for Redemption: The Politics of Post-Emancipation Violence in Kentucky’s Bluegrass Region A Dissertation submitted to the Division of Research and Advanced Studies of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in the Department of History of the College of Arts and Sciences 2006 By James Michael Rhyne M.A., Western Carolina University, 1997 M-Div., Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary, 1989 B.A., Wake Forest University, 1982 Committee Chair: Professor Wayne K. Durrill Abstract Rehearsal for Redemption: The Politics of Post-Emancipation Violence in Kentucky’s Bluegrass Region By James Michael Rhyne In the late antebellum period, changing economic and social realities fostered conflicts among Kentuckians as tension built over a number of issues, especially the future of slavery. Local clashes matured into widespread, violent confrontations during the Civil War, as an ugly guerrilla war raged through much of the state. Additionally, African Americans engaged in a wartime contest over the meaning of freedom. Nowhere were these interconnected conflicts more clearly evidenced than in the Bluegrass Region. Though Kentucky had never seceded, the Freedmen’s Bureau established a branch in the Commonwealth after the war.
    [Show full text]
  • Pojoaque Valley Schools Social Studies CCSS Pacing Guide 7 Grade
    Pojoaque Valley Schools Social Studies CCSS Pacing Guide 7th Grade *Skills adapted from Kentucky Department of Education ** Evidence of attainment/assessment, Vocabulary, Knowledge, Skills and Essential Elements adapted from Wisconsin Department of Education and Standards Insights Computer-Based Program Version 2 2016- 2017 ADVANCED CURRICULUM – 7th GRADE (Social Studies with ELA CCSS and NGSS) Version 2 1 Pojoaque Valley Schools Social Studies Common Core Pacing Guide Introduction The Pojoaque Valley Schools pacing guide documents are intended to guide teachers’ use of New Mexico Adopted Social Studies Standards over the course of an instructional school year. The guides identify the focus standards by quarter. Teachers should understand that the focus standards emphasize deep instruction for that timeframe. However, because a certain quarter does not address specific standards, it should be understood that previously taught standards should be reinforced while working on the focus standards for any designated quarter. Some standards will recur across all quarters due to their importance and need to be addressed on an ongoing basis. The Standards are not intended to be a check-list of knowledge and skills but should be used as an integrated model of literacy instruction to meet end of year expectations. The Social Studies CCSS pacing guides contain the following elements: • Strand: Identify the type of standard • Standard Band: Identify the sub-category of a set of standards. • Benchmark: Identify the grade level of the intended standards • Grade Specific Standard: Each grade-specific standard (as these standards are collectively referred to) corresponds to the same-numbered CCR anchor standard. Put another way, each CCR anchor standard has an accompanying grade-specific standard translating the broader CCR statement into grade- appropriate end-of-year expectations.
    [Show full text]
  • Lincoln and Habeas: of Merryman and Milligan and Mccardle
    Lincoln and Habeas: Of Merryman and Milligan and McCardle John Yoo* Three cases define the Supreme Court's encounter with the Civil War: Ex parte Merryman,' Ex parte Milligan,2 and Ex parte McCardle.3 All three case names bear the styling "ex parte" because all three were brought on behalf of citizens detained by the armed forces of the Union. All three detainees sought release under the ancient writ of habeas corpus, which requires the government to demonstrate to a federal judge the factual and legal grounds for detention.4 I will explain why the cases of the Civil War did not assume the landmark importance, despite their circumstances and language, as a Marbury v. Madison, McCullough v. Maryland, or Brown v. Board of Education, but instead showed the deferential attitude of the Supreme Court to the other branches of the government during wartime. Merryman was a Maryland militia officer who had blown up railroad bridges between Washington, D.C. and the North, and was training secessionist troops in the earliest days of the Civil War.5 Milligan was an alleged member of an insurgent force in Indiana that was sympathetic to the Confederacy.6 He was tried and sentenced by a military commission-an old form of ad hoc military court established by commanders for the trial of violations of the laws of war and the administration of justice in occupied territory.7 * Distinguished Visiting Professor of Law, Chapman Law School (2008-09); Professor of Law, University of California at Berkeley; Visiting Scholar, American Enterprise Institute. The author thanks Ben Petersen and Janet Galeria for outstanding research assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • American Civil War
    American Civil War Major Battles & Minor Engagements 1861-1865 1861 ........ p. 2 1862 ........ p. 4 1863 ........ p. 9 1864 ........ p. 13 1865 ........ p. 19 CIVIL WAR IMPRESSIONIST ASSOCIATION 1 Civil War Battles: 1861 Eastern Theater April 12 - Battle of Fort Sumter (& Fort Moultie), Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. The bombardment/siege and ultimate surrender of Fort Sumter by Brig. General P.G.T. Beauregard was the official start of the Civil War. https://www.nps.gov/fosu/index.htm June 3 - Battle of Philippi, (West) Virginia A skirmish involving over 3,000 soldiers, Philippi was the first battle of the American Civil War. June 10 - Big Bethel, Virginia The skirmish of Big Bethel was the first land battle of the civil war and was a portent of the carnage that was to come. July 11 - Rich Mountain, (West) Virginia July 21 - First Battle of Bull Run, Manassas, Virginia Also known as First Manassas, the first major engagement of the American Civil War was a shocking rout of Union soldiers by confederates at Manassas Junction, VA. August 28-29 - Hatteras Inlet, North Carolina September 10 - Carnifax Ferry, (West) Virginia September 12-15 - Cheat Mountain, (West) Virginia October 3 - Greenbrier River, (West) Virginia October 21 - Ball's Bluff, Virginia October 9 - Battle of Santa Rosa Island, Santa Rosa Island (Florida) The Battle of Santa Rosa Island was a failed attempt by Confederate forces to take the Union-held Fort Pickens. November 7-8 - Battle of Port Royal Sound, Port Royal Sound, South Carolina The battle of Port Royal was one of the earliest amphibious operations of the American Civil War.
    [Show full text]
  • Cross Keys: Attack of the 8Th New York “They Did Not Know What Was in Store for Them”
    CROSS KEYS: ATTACK OF THE 8TH NEW YORK “THEY DID NOT KNOW WHAT WAS IN STORE FOR THEM” Watercolor illustration of the attack of the 8th New York by eyewitness Pvt. Henry Berckhoff of the 8th New York. Gilder Lehrman Collection. “A BENGAL TIGER READY TO SPRING” “MAKE A STAND AT PORT REPUBLIC” As they advanced to attack at Cross Keys on the morning of During the closing stages of his 1862 Valley June 8, 1862, the members of the Union 8th New York Campaign, Confederate Gen. Stonewall Jackson Volunteer Infantry – the “First German Rifles” – were singing was being pursued south by two Union forces a German folk song, “Hinaus in die Ferne” (“Out Into the under Gen. John C. Fremont and Gen. James Distance”) and marching as if they were on parade. Shields. When Jackson reached the end of Massanutten Mountain near Harrisonburg on Gen. Stonewall Jackson One Confederate later recalled how the Federals advanced June 5, he was in danger of Fremont and Shields “across the clover field [on the target properties] in beautiful uniting against him. To prevent this, he turned southeast, taking line.” Their commander, Col. Francis Wutschel, walked his main force to “make a stand at Port Republic,” and leaving “backwards in front of them, seeing that they preserved a per- Gen. Richard Ewell’s force to block Fremont at Cross Keys. fect alignment just as though they were drilling” as they “ANXIOUS TO MEET THEM” descended into a hollow and When Fremont approached Cross Keys briefly disappeared from view. on June 8, 1862, Ewell placed his men in Unfortunately for the a strong defensive position on a ridge along Mill Creek.
    [Show full text]
  • Excavation of a Fort Fisher Bombproof
    Underwater Archaeology Branch North Carolina Division of Archives & History Department of Cultural Resources Kure Beach, NC 1981 Excavation of a Fort Fisher Bombproof By Gordon P. Watts, Jr. Mark Wilde-Ramsing Richard W. Lawrence Dina B. Hill Underwater Archaeology Branch North Carolina Division of Archives and History 1981 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF FIGURES___________________________________________________iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS _______________________________________________ iv INTRODUCTION ______________________________________________________ 1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ___________________________________________ 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE WORK __________________________________________ 4 METHODS____________________________________________________________ 5 CONDITION OF STRUCTURAL REMAINS ________________________________ 9 ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION FEATURES ____________________ 21 ARTIFACTS__________________________________________________________ 26 CONCLUSIONS ______________________________________________________ 27 UAB 1981 Watts, Wilde-Ramsing, Lawrence, Hill ii TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location of excavation site______________________________________________________ 1 Figure 2: Excavation site in 1971 ________________________________________________________ 7 Figure 3: Cave-in at the excavation site____________________________________________________ 7 Figure 4: Overburden being removed by hand ______________________________________________ 8 Figure 5: Mobile crane utilized during excavation ___________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • The Battle of Fort Sumter
    Task- Read the article & answer the analysis questions The Battle of Fort Sumter Fort Sumter by Unknown The Battle of Fort Sumter was the first battle of the American Civil War and signaled the start of the war. It took place over two days from April 12–13, 1861. Where is Fort Sumter? Fort Sumter is on an island in South Carolina not far from Charleston. Its main purpose was to guard Charleston Harbor. Who were the leaders in the battle? The main commander from the North was Major Robert Anderson. Even though he lost the Battle of Fort Sumter he became a national hero following the battle. He was even promoted to Brigadier General. The leader of the Southern forces was General P. T. Beauregard. General Beauregard was actually a student of Major Anderson's at the army school of West Point. Leading Up to the Battle The situation around Fort Sumter had become increasingly tense in the previous months. It began with South Carolina seceding from the Union and escalated with the formation of the Confederacy and the Confederate Army. The leader of the Confederate Army, General P.T. Beauregard, began building up his forces around the fort in Charleston Harbor. Major Anderson, the leader of the Union forces in Charleston, moved his men from Fort Moultrie to the more fortified island fort, Fort Sumter. However, because he was surrounded by the Confederate Army, he began to run out of food and fuel and needed supplies. The Confederation knew this and they were hoping that Major Anderson and his soldiers would leave South Carolina without a fight.
    [Show full text]
  • THE HOWLING DAWG Recapping the Events of AUGUST 2017
    THE HOWLING DAWG Recapping the events of AUGUST 2017 “Defiant, still” 16th Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, Company G "The Jackson Rifles" THE WAR IN THE FAR WEST Re-enactment of The Battle of Picacho Pass (Arizona) Recently I heard someone mention The Battle of Picacho Pass (Arizona) as being the most western part of North America that War Between the States fighting occurred. I was surprised even though I knew Washington State furnished a Union Regiment as did Nebraska, Colorado, Dakota and the Oklahoma Territory. Often the Union cavalry forces that John S. Mosby fought against in Virginia hailed from California. I had always thought that The Battle of Glorieta Pass, fought from March 26– 28, 1862, in the northern New Mexico Territory was the far western reaches of hostility. I looked up The Battle of Picacho Pass and learned that the April 15, 1862 action occurred around Picacho Peak, 50 miles northwest of Tucson, Arizona. It was fought between a Union cavalry patrol from California and a party of Confederate pickets from Tucson. After a Confederate force of about 120 cavalrymen arrived at Tucson from Texas on February 28, 1862, they proclaimed Tucson the capital of the western district of the Confederate Arizona Territory, which comprised what is now southern Arizona and southern New Mexico. Mesilla, near Las Cruces, was declared the territorial capital and seat of the eastern district of the territory. The property of Tucson Unionists was confiscated and they were jailed or driven out of town. Confederates hoped a flood of sympathizers in southern California would join them and give the Confederacy an outlet on the Pacific Ocean, but this never happened.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Mays on Law's Alabama Brigade in the War Between the Union and the Confederacy
    Morris Penny, J. Gary Laine. Law's Alabama Brigade in the War Between the Union and the Confederacy. Shippensburg, Penn: White Mane Publishing, 1997. xxi + 458 pp. $37.50, paper, ISBN 978-1-57249-024-6. Reviewed by Thomas D. Mays Published on H-CivWar (August, 1997) Anyone with an interest in the battle of Get‐ number of good maps that trace the path of each tysburg is familiar with the famous stand taken regiment in the fghting. The authors also spice on Little Round Top on the second day by Joshua the narrative with letters from home and interest‐ Chamberlain's 20th Maine. Chamberlain's men ing stories of individual actions in the feld and and Colonel Strong Vincent's Union brigade saved camp, including the story of a duel fought behind the left fank of the Union army and may have in‐ the lines during the siege of Suffolk. fluenced the outcome of the battle. While the leg‐ Laine and Penny begin with a very brief in‐ end of the defenders of Little Round Top contin‐ troduction to the service of Evander McIver Law ues to grow in movies and books, little has been and the regiments that would later make up the written about their opponents on that day, includ‐ brigade. Law, a graduate of the South Carolina ing Evander Law's Alabama Brigade. In the short Military Academy (now known as the Citadel), time the brigade existed (1863-1865), Law's Al‐ had been working as an instructor at a military abamians participated in some of the most des‐ prep school in Alabama when the war began.
    [Show full text]
  • Cave Post Offices Alabama, Arkansas, and Florida
    Cave Post Offices in Alabama, Arkansas, and Florida by Thomas Lera American Spelean History Association Special Publication Number Four May 2018 The American Spelean History Association The American Spelean History Association (ASHA) is an internal organization of the National Speleological Society. It is devoted to the study, interpretation, and dissemination of information about spelean history, which includes folklore, legends, and historical facts about caves throughout the world and the people who are associated with them, their thoughts, philosophies, difficulties, tragedies, and triumphs. Membership: Membership in the Association is open to anyone who is interested in the history of man’s use of caves. Membership in the National Speleological Society is not required. The Journal of Spelean History is the Association’s primary publication and is mailed to all members. The Journal includes articles covering a wide variety of topics relating to man’s use of caves, including historical cave exploration and use, saltpeter and other mineral extraction, show cave development and history, and other related topics. It is the primary medium for conveying information and ideas within the caving history community. A cumulative Journal of Spelean History index is available on the Association’s Web site, www.cavehistory.org, and issues over five years old may be viewed and downloaded at no cost. Membership: ASHA membership (or subscription) cost $2.00 per Journal of Spelean History issue mailed to U.S. addresses. Checks should be made payable to “ASHA” and sent to the Treasurer (Robert Hoke, 6304 Kaybro St, Laurel MD 20707). Sorry, we cannot accept credit cards. Check the Association’s Web site for information on foreign membership.
    [Show full text]
  • Tennessee Civil War Trails Program 213 Newly Interpreted Marker
    Tennessee Civil War Trails Program 213 Newly Interpreted Markers Installed as of 6/9/11 Note: Some sites include multiple markers. BENTON COUNTY Fighting on the Tennessee River: located at Birdsong Marina, 225 Marina Rd., Hwy 191 N., Camden, TN 38327. During the Civil War, several engagements occurred along the strategically important Tennessee River within about five miles of here. In each case, cavalrymen engaged naval forces. On April 26, 1863, near the mouth of the Duck River east of here, Confederate Maj. Robert M. White’s 6th Texas Rangers and its four-gun battery attacked a Union flotilla from the riverbank. The gunboats Autocrat, Diana, and Adams and several transports came under heavy fire. When the vessels drove the Confederate cannons out of range with small-arms and artillery fire, Union Gen. Alfred W. Ellet ordered the gunboats to land their forces; signalmen on the exposed decks “wig-wagged” the orders with flags. BLOUNT COUNTY Maryville During the Civil War: located at 301 McGee Street, Maryville, TN 37801. During the antebellum period, Blount County supported abolitionism. In 1822, local Quakers and other residents formed an abolitionist society, and in the decades following, local clergymen preached against the evils of slavery. When the county considered secession in 1861, residents voted to remain with the Union, 1,766 to 414. Fighting directly touched Maryville, the county seat, in August 1864. Confederate Gen. Joseph Wheeler’s cavalrymen attacked a small detachment of the 2nd Tennessee Infantry (U.S.) under Lt. James M. Dorton at the courthouse. The Underground Railroad: located at 503 West Hill Ave., Friendsville, TN 37737.
    [Show full text]