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American Civil War

Major Battles & Minor Engagements 1861-1865 1861 ...... p. 2 1862 ...... p. 4 1863 ...... p. 9 1864 ...... p. 13 1865 ...... p. 19

CIVIL WAR IMPRESSIONIST ASSOCIATION

1 Civil War Battles: 1861

Eastern Theater

April 12 - Battle of (& Fort Moultie), Charleston Harbor, . The bombardment/ and ultimate surrender of Fort Sumter by Brig. General P.G.T. Beauregard was the official start of the Civil War. https://www.nps.gov/fosu/index.htm

June 3 - Battle of Philippi, (West) A skirmish involving over 3,000 soldiers, Philippi was the first battle of the .

June 10 - Big Bethel, Virginia The skirmish of Big Bethel was the first land battle of the civil war and was a portent of the carnage that was to come.

July 11 - Rich Mountain, (West) Virginia

July 21 - , Manassas, Virginia Also known as First Manassas, the first engagement of the American Civil War was a shocking rout of Union soldiers by confederates at Manassas Junction, VA.

August 28-29 - Hatteras Inlet,

September 10 - Carnifax Ferry, (West) Virginia

September 12-15 - Cheat Mountain, (West) Virginia

October 3 - Greenbrier River, (West) Virginia

October 21 - Ball's Bluff, Virginia

October 9 - Battle of Santa Rosa Island, Santa Rosa Island (Florida) The Battle of Santa Rosa Island was a failed attempt by Confederate forces to take the Union-held .

November 7-8 - Battle of , Port Royal Sound, South Carolina The was one of the earliest amphibious operations of the American Civil War.

December 13 - Camp Alleghany, (West) Virginia

December 20 - Cranesville, Virginia

2 Western Theater

September 19 - Barbourville,

October 21 -Wildcat Mountain (Wildcat Camp), Kentucky

December 17 - Rowlett's Station, Kentucky

Trans-

June 17 - Booneville,

August 10 - Battle of Wilson's Creek, Wilson's Creek/Oak Hills, Missouri The Battle of Wilson's Creek, aka Battle of Oak Hills, was the first major battle of the Western Theater and is often called the "Bull Run of the West."

September 13-20 - Siege of Lexington, Missouri

October 25 - Springfield, Missouri

November 7 - , Belmont, Missouri General Ulysses S. took command and began his Civil War career.

November 19 - Round Mountain, Indian Territory

December 9 - Chusto -Talasah, Indian Territory

December 26 - Chustenahlah, Indian Territory

December 28 - Mount Zion Church, Missouri

3 Civil War Battles: 1862

Eastern Theater

February 8 - Roanoke Island, North Carolina

March 8-9 - Battle Of (& ). Hampton Roads, Virginia First battle between the ironclad warships; often called the battle between the Monitor & the Merrimack, the Merrimack had already been renamed Virginia when it was converted to an ironclad by the Confederacy. (Navy)

March 14 - New Berne, North Carolina

March 23 - Kernstown, Virginia

March 23-April 26 - Siege of Fort Macon, North Carolina

April 5-May 4 - , Virginia

April 10-11 - Fort Pulaski,

May 5 - Williamsburg, Virginia

May 7 - Eltham's Landing, Virginia

May 8 - McDowell, Virginia

May 15 - Drewry's Bluff, Virginia

May 23 - Front Royal, Virginia

May 25 - Battle Of Winchester, Winchester, Virginia The of Winchester, Virginia's strategic location makes it the site of numerous Civil War engagements.

May 27 - Hanover Courthouse, Virginia

May 31-June 1 - Seven Pines, Virginia

June 5 - Tranter's Creek, North Carolina

June 8 - Cross Keys, Virginia

June 9 - Port Republic, Virginia

June 16 - Secessionville, South Carolina

4 June 21 - Simmon's Bluff, South Carolina

June 25 - Oak Grove, Virginia

June 26 - Beaver Dam Creek, Virginia*

June 27 - Gaines Mill, Virginia*

June 27-28 - Garnett's Farm and Golding's Farm, Virginia*

June 29 - Savage Station and Allen's Farm, Virginia*

June 30 - White Oak Swamp, Virginia*

June 30 - Glendale, Virginia*

July 1 - Malvern Hill, Virginia*

June 25-July 1 *The Seven Days Battle, Henrico County, Virginia The Seven Days Battle was a series of battles in the consisting of a Confederate counter-offensive which drove the away from the Confederate capitol of Richmond down the . The list of individual battles appears above, beginning with Beaver Dam Creek and ending with Malvern Hill.

August 9 - Cedar Mountain, Virginia

August 22-25 - Rappahannock Station, Virginia

August 25-27 - Manassas, Virginia (Prelude to Second Bull Run/Manassas)

August 28 - Thoroughfare Gap, Virginia

August 28-30 - Second Battle of Bull Run, Manassas, Virginia Also called Second Manassas, resulted in a second defeat for Union troops in the area of First Bull Run (First Manassas), though it was not a complete rout like the first battle. The victory set the stage for E. Lee's first invasion of the North.

September 1 - Battle of Ox Hill, Chantilly, Virginia The Battle of Ox Hill, aka , was the final battle of the NoVa Campaign.

September 12-15 - Harpers Ferry, (West) Virginia

September 14 - , Frederick & Washington Counties, MD The Battle of South Mountain, aka the Battle of Boonsborough Gap, was part of the Campaign and found Robert E. Lee delaying George McClellan's army of through three mountain passes.

5 September 17 - , Sharpsburg, Maryland The bloodiest single day in American history, the Battle of Antietam turned back Robert E. Lee's first Northern invasion. Though tactically a draw, it was enough of a win to permit President to announce his Emancipation Proclamation in its wake. When Lee's adversary, Major General George B. McClellan failed to pursue following the battle, Lincoln removed him from command.

September 19-20 - , Shepherdstown, (West) Virginia The Battle of Shepherdstown, aka Battle of Boteler's Ford, was the final battle of the .

December 11-15 - , Fredericksburg, Virginia More troops were present at the Battle of Fredericksburg than at any other battle of the American Civil War, including Gettysburg. Poor coordination of attacks by Union commanders, combined with strong Confederate defensive positions, resulted in a lopsided slaughter of Federal troops.

December 14 - Kinston, North Carolina

December 16 - White Hall, North Carolina

December 17 - Goldsborough Bridge, North Carolina

Western Theater

January 19 - Mill Springs, Kentucky

February 6 - Battle of Fort Henry. Fort Henry, The Battle of Fort Henry was the first major victory for the Union in the Western Theater, led by Brig. General Ulysess S. Grant.

February 11-16 - Battle of , Fort Donelson, Tennessee The saw Union General Ulysses S. Grant capture the fort, gaining him recognition as well as the nickname "."

March 3-April 8 - Siege of New Madrid and Island No. 10, Missouri ()

April 6-7 - , Shiloh, Tennessee The casualty totals shocked Americans both North and South, with the two-day total exceeding that of all previous American wars combined. The battle turned back a Confederate attempt to re-capture and contributed to Union Major General Ulysses S. Grant's reputation as a leader who would keep fighting even in adverse circumstances.

May 25-30 - , Corinth, Mississippi took Corinth after a month-long siege.

6 June 28, Battle of Vicksburg. Vicksburg, Mississippi (Navy) "The Confederate Gibraltar" had to be captured before Union ships could safely traverse the entire length of the Mississippi. The lasted many months, leading to the Battle of Vicksburg in May 1863. After Federal assaults repulsed on May 19 and 22, the Union commander, Ulysses S. Grant, settled into siege warfare.

August 29 - , Richmond, Kentucky The Battle of Richmond was the first major battle of the Kentucky Campaign and a stunning victory for Confederate forces.

September 14-17 - Siege of Munfordville, Kentucky

September 19 - Iuka, Mississippi

October 3-4 - Battle of Corinth, Corinth, Mississippi Two months after the Siege of Corinth, Maj. General William S. Rosecrans defeated the Confederate Army.

October 5 - Hatchie's Bridge, Tennessee

October 8 - , Perryville, Kentucky. Account of the 21st Wisconsin 's harrowing fight.

December 19 - Jackson, Tennessee

December 26-29 - Bayou, Mississippi

December 31 - Parker's Crossroads, Tennessee

December 31-January 2 - , Murfreesboro, Tennessee The culmination of the Stones River Campaign, the battle resulted in a 29% casualty rate, the same percentage as Chickamauga and behind only Gettysburg's 31 %.

Trans-Mississippi

February 20-21 - Valverde, New Mexico

March 8 - , Pea Ridge, The Battle of Pea Ridge, also called the Battle of Elkhorn Tavern, in Arkansas, marked a failed attempt by Confederate major general to destroy the Union Army of the Southwest under Brigadier General Samuel Curtis. The victory solidified Union control over the state of Missouri for the next two years.

March 26-28 - Glorietta Pass, New Mexico

June 17 - Saint Charles, Arkansas

7 July 7 - Hill's Plantation, Arkansas

August 6-9 - Kirksville, Missouri

August 11 - Independence, Missouri

August 15-16 - Lone Jack, Missouri

September 24-25 - Sabine Pass,

September 30 - Newtonia, Missouri

October 4 - Galveston, Texas

October 22 - Old Fort Wayne, Indian Territory

November 7 - Clark's Mill, Missouri

November 28 - Cane Hill, Arkansas

December 7 - Prairie Grove, Arkansas

Gulf Coast

April 16-28 - Forts Jackson and Saint Phillip, (Navy)

August 9 - Donaldsonville, Louisiana

August 5 - Baton Rouge, Louisiana

October 1-3 - St. Johns Bluff, Florida

October 27 - Georgia Landing, Louisiana

November 28 - Keck's Plantation, Louisiana

Sioux Uprising

August 20-22 - , Minnesota

September 23 - Wood Lake, Minnesota

8 Civil War Battles: 1863

Eastern Theater

March 3 - Fort McAllister, Georgia

March 13-15 - Fort Anderson, North Carolina

March 17 - Kelly's Ford, Virginia

March 30-15 - Siege of Washington, North Carolina

April 7 - Charleston Harbor, South Carolina (Navy)

April 13-15 - Suffolk, Virginia

April 30-May 6 - Battle of Chancellorsville {& Elwood). Chancellorsville, Virginia The Battle of Chancellorsville is widely regarded as General Robert E. Lee's greatest victory. It turned back the Union Army of the Potomac under Joseph "Fighting Joe" Hooker, but it was a costly victory. Lee's brilliant and aggressive corps commander Gen. Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson was mortally wounded by his own men, who mistook him and his staff for Union .

May 3 - Second Battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia

May 3--4 - Salem Church, Virginia

June 9 - Brandy Station, Virginia

June 13-15 - Second Battle Of Winchester {& Aldie). Winchester, Virginia The town of Winchester, Virginia, is the site of another battle.

June 30 - Battle of Hanover (& Union Mills), Hanover, The Battle of Hanover was part of Robert E. Lee's .

July 1-3 - (& Fort Delaware), Gettysburg, Pennsylvania The largest battle ever fought on the North American continent, Gettysburg marked the end of Robert E. Lee's second invasion of the North and was a turning point in the Civil War.

July 8 - Boonsborough, Maryland

July 10-11 - Fort Wagner, South Carolina

July 16 - Grimball's Landing, South Carolina

9 July 18-Sept 7 - Siege of Fort Wagner, South Carolina (Navy)

July 19 - Buffington Island, River (Ohio and West Virginia)

July 23 - Manassas Gap, Virginia

October 14 - Bristoe Station, Virginia

November 6 - Droop Mountain, West Virginia

November 7 - Rappahanock Station

Nov 27-Dec 2 - Mine Run, Virginia

Western Theater

February 3 - Dover, Tennessee

March 5 - Thompson's Station, Tennessee

March 25 - Brentwood, Tennessee

April 29-May 1 - Snyder's Bluff, Mississippi

April 30 - Day's Gap,

May 1 - Port Gibson, Mississippi

May 12 - , Raymond, Mississippi The Battle Of Raymond was a key victory for Grant as part of his Vicksburg Campaign.

May 16 - Champion's Hill, Mississippi

May 17 - Big Black River Bridge, Mississippi

May 18-July 4 - . Vicksburg, Mississippi (Navy) The Siege of Vicksburg represented the last phase of the Vicksburg Campaign where surrounded the city of Vicksburg, which finally surrendered on July 4.

June 24-26 - Hoover's Gap, Tennessee

July 9 - Corydon,

August 17-23 - Bombardment of Fort Sumter, South Carolina

September 7-8 - Charleston Harbor, South Carolina (Navy)

10 September 10 - Davis Crossroads, Georgia

September 18 - Battle Of Chickamauga, Chickamauga, Georgia The largest battle fought in the Western Theater of the Civil War, Chickamauga was one of the few Confederate victories in that theater. 's Confederate , reinforced by a corps from the Army of Northern Virginia, routed the forces of Major General William S. Rosecrans. Bragg's failure to follow up aggressively reduced an overwhelming Confederate victory to merely a tactical one.

Sept 23-Oct 30 - Siege of Chattanooga, Tennessee

October 28-29 - Wauhatchie, Tennessee

November 3 - Collierville, Tennessee

November 16 - Campbell's Station, Tennessee

November 23-25 - Battle Of Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee The Union victory at Chattanooga in November 1863 opened the road to Atlanta for Federal armies. Following the Battle of Chickamauga in September, Confederate troops besieged those of the Union in Chattanooga. After Ulysses S. Grant took command, the siege was broken, and the thinly stretched Confederates were driven from the ridges above the town by an impromptu charge by the .

November 24 - Lookout Mountain (Chattanooga), Tennessee

November 25 - Missionary Ridge (Chattanooga), Tennessee

December 29 - Mossy Creek, Tennessee

Trans-Mississippi

January 1 - Galveston, Texas

January 8 - Springfield, Missouri

January 9 - Hartsville, Missouri

January 9-11 -, Arkansas

April 26 - Cape Girardeau, Missouri

May 1-2 - Chalk Bluff, Arkansas

July 1-2 - Cabin Creek, Indian Territory

11 July 4 - Helena, Arkansas

July 17 - Honey Springs, Indian Territory

September 8 - Sabine Pass, Texas

September 10 - Bayou Forche, Arkansas

October 6 - Baxter Springs, Kansas

October 25 - Pine Bluff, Arkansas

Gulf Coast

April 12-13 - Fort Bisland, Louisiana

April 14 - Irish Bend, Louisiana

April 17 - Vermillion Bayou Louisiana

May 21 - Plains Store, Louisiana

May 21-July 9 - , Louisiana

June 20-21 - La Fourche Crossing, Louisiana

June 28 - Donaldsonville, Louisiana

June 29-30 - Goodrich Landing, Louisiana

September 29 - Sterling's Plantation, Louisiana

October 16-18 - Fort Brooke, Florida

12 Civil War Battles: 1864

Eastern Theater

February 6-7 - Morton's Ford, Virginia

March 22 - Walkerton, Virginia

April 17-20 - Plymouth, North Carolina

May 5 - Albemarle Sound, North Carolina

May 5-7 - (& Andersonville). Spotsylvania County, Virginia The first clash between Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant. Three days of close­ quarters fighting in woods and tangled underbrush resulted in nearly 20,000 total casualties. Although the Confederates could claim a tactical victory, the battle showed that the North's largest army would no longer retreat after a reverse, and Lee's army was slowly pushed back to trenches around Richmond and Petersburg.

May 6-7 - Port Walthall Junction, Virginia

May 8-21 - Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse, Spotsylvania County, Virginia Part of Ulysses S. Grant's in Virginia in the summer of 1864, the Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse was a costly tactical victory for Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, which could not hope to win a war of attrition.

May 9 - Swift Creek, Virginia

May 9 - Cloyd's Mountain, Virginia

May 10 - Chester Station, Virginia

May 10 - Cove Mountain, Virginia

May 11 - Battle of Yellow Tavern, Henrico County, Virginia The Battle of Yellow Tavern was a cavalry battle which was part of the Overland Campaign which saw J.E.B. Stuart mortally wounded.

May 12-16 - Proctor's Creek, Virginia

May 15 - , Shenandoah County, Virginia The Confederates, along with cadets from VMI, drove Union General Franz Sigel out of the .

May 20 - Ware Bottom Church, Virginia

13 May 23-26 - North Anna, Virginia

May 24 - Wilson's Wharf, Virginia

May 31-June 12 - Battle of Cold Harbor, Cold Harbor, Virginia The Battle of Cold Harbor marked the end of Lieutenant. General Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign known for the 7,000 Union Casualties suffered in under an hour in a frontal assault on Confederate lines.

June 15-18 - Battle of Petersburg (& City Point}, Petersburg, Virginia (Navy) The , June 9, 1864, to March 25, 1865, marked a change in tactics in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. Instead of the campaigns of maneuver that had characterized the war up to that point, Union and Confederate armies fought a series of trench-warfare battles more like those of .

June 17-18 - Leesburg, Virginia

June 21-24 -Jerusalem Plank Road, Virginia

June 24 - Saint Mary's Church, Virginia

June 25 - Stanton River Bridge, Virginia

June 28 - Sappony Church, Virginia

June 29 - Ream's Station, Virginia

July 9- Monocacy (& Point Lookout), Maryland

July 11-12 - Fort Stevens, Washington, DC

July 17-18 - Cool Spring, Virginia

July 20 - Rutherford Farm, Virginia

July 24 - Kernstown, Virginia

July 27-29 - Deep Bottom, Virginia

July 30 - , Siege of Petersburg, Virginia

August 1 - Folcks Mill, Maryland

August 7 - Moorefield, West Virginia

August 13-20 - Deep Bottom, Virginia

14 August 16 - Guard Hill, Virginia

August 18-21 - Globe Tavern, Virginia

August 25 - Ream's Station, Virginia

August 25-29 - Smithfield Crossing, Virginia

September 3-4 - Berryville, Virginia

September 19 - Opequon, Virginia

September 21-24 - Battle of Fisher's Hill, Fisher's Hill, Virginia Union Major General Philip H. Sheridan attacked the seemingly impregnable heights of Fisher's Hill, grandly known as the 'Gibraltar of the Shenandoah Valley.'

September 29-30 - Chaffin's Farm, Virginia

Sept 30-Oct 2 - Peeble's Farm, Virginia

October 2 - Saltville, Virginia

October 7 - Darbytown & New Market roads, Virginia

October 9 - Tom's Brook, Virginia

October 13 - Darbytown Road, Virginia

October 19 - Cedar Creek, Virginia

October 27-28 - Boydton Plank Road, Virginia

October 27-28 - Fair Oaks & Darbytown Road

December 17-18 - Marion, Virginia

December 20-21 - Saltville, Virginia

Western Theater

January 17 - Dandridge, Tennessee

January 26 - Athens, Alabama

January 27 - Fair Garden, Tennessee

15 February 22 - Okalona, Mississippi

February 22-27 - Dalton, Georgia

March 25 - Paducah, Kentucky

April 12 - , Fort Pillow, Tennessee 's command captures a Mississippi River fort in Tennessee, leading to a massacre of many of the Colored Troops defending the fort.

May 7-13 - Rocky Face, Georgia

May 13-15 - Battle of Resaca, Resaca, Georgia Major General William T. Sherman took on Joseph E. Johnston during the .

May 17 - Adairsville, Georgia

May 25-26 - New Hope Church, Georgia

June 22 - Kalb's Farm, Georgia

July 14-15 - Tupelo, Mississippi

July 20 - Battle Of Peachtree Creek, Peach Tree Creek, Georgia The Battle of Peachtree Creek was part of the Atlanta Campaign and was the first major attack by Lt. General John G. Hood.

July 22 - Battle of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia Union victory in the Battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864, is often credited as the turning point that allowed Abraham Lincoln to be re-elected president instead of his opponent, George B. McClellan, who would have sought peace terms with the Confederacy. After the battle, Confederate troops set fire to the city before evacuating, to deny its resources to William T. Sherman's Federal troops.

July 28 - Ezra Church, Georgia

August 5-7 - Utoy Creek, Georgia

August 15-15 - Dalton, Georgia

August 20 - Lovejoy's Station, Georgia

August 31-Sep 1 - Jonesborough, Georgia

October 5 -Allatoona, Georgia

16 October 26-29 - Decatur, Alabama

November 4-5 - Johnsonville, Tennessee

November 11-13 - Bull's Gap, Tennessee

November 22 - Griswoldville, Georgia

November 28 - Buck Head, Georgia

November 29 - Spring Hill, Tennessee

November 30 - Battle of Franklin, Franklin, Tennessee Account of the bloody confederate slaughter in Franklin, Tennessee.

November 30 - Honey Hill, South Carolina

December 4 - Battle of Waynesborough, Waynesborough, Georgia One of the later battles of Sherman's March to the Sea; pened the route to Savannah.

December 13 - Fort McAllister, Georgia

December 15-16 - , Nashville, Tennesee The last major battle in the Western Theater and a major victory for the Union.

December 24-27 - , North Carolina

Trans-Mississippi

February 13 - Middle Boggy Depot, Indian Territory

April 3-4 - Elkin's Ferry, Arkansas

April 8 - Mansfield, Louisiana

April 9 - Pleasant Hill, Louisiana

April 9 - Prairie D'Ane, Arkansas

April 12-13 - Blairs Landing, Louisiana

April 23 - Monetts Ferry, Louisiana

April 30 - Jenkins Ferry, Arkansas

September 27 - , Missouri

17 October 15 - Glasgow, Missouri

September 19 - Lexington, Missouri

October 21 - Little Blue River, Missouri

October 22 - Independence, Missouri

October 22 - Byrams Ford, Missouri

October 23 - Westport, Missouri

October 25 - Mine Creek, Kansas

Gulf Coast

February 20 - Olustee, Florida

March 14 - Fort De Russy, Louisiana

August 5 - Battle of , Mobile Bay, Alabama (Navy) In the Battle of Mobile Bay, Alabama, August 5, 1864, a Union fleet under Rear Admiral David G. Farragut, attacked and defeated a smaller, less well-equipped Confederate naval force. The battle is most often remembered for a line Farragut may or may not have actually spoken: Warned there were torpedoes (mines) floating in the harbor, he reportedly said, "Damn the torpedoes! Full speed ahead!"

Off Cherbourg, France

June 25 - USS Kearsarge fights CSS Alabama (Navy)

18 Civil War Battles: 1865

Eastern Theater

February 5-7 - Hatcher's Run, Virginia

March 2 -Waynesborough, Virginia

March 25 - Fort Stedman, Virginia

March 29 - Lewis's Farm, Virginia

March 31 -White Oak Road, Virginia

March 31 - Dinwiddie Courthouse, Virginia

April 1 - Five Forks, Virginia

April 2 - Sutherland's Station, Virginia

April 3 - Namozine Church, Virginia

April 5 - Amelia Springs, Virginia*

April 6 - Rice's Station, Virginia*

April 6 - Battle of Sailor's Creek, Amelia County, Virginia The battle was part of the during the final days of the civil war and was Robert E. Lee's last battle before surrendering at Appomattox Court House.

April 6-7 - High Bridge, Virginia*

April 7 - Cumberland Church, Virginia*

April 8 - Battle of Appomattox Courthouse*, Appomattox Station, Virginia* The Battle of Appomattox Courthouse was the last battle fought by Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. After his attempt to break out of a closing trap failed, Lee met with Ulysses S. Grant to surrender his army. Although the Civil War did not end with the surrender at Appomattox, the loss of the South's largest army was the death knell of the Confederacy. *Collectively known as the Appomattox Campaign.

Western Theater

January 13-15 - Fort Fisher, North Carolina (Navy)

February 3 - Rivers Bridge, South Carolina

19 February 13-21 -Wilmington, North Carolina

March 7-10 -Wyse Fork, North Carolina

March 10 - Monroe's Crossroads, North Carolina

March 16 -Averasborough, North Carolina

March 19-21 - Bentonville, North Carolina

April 2 - Selma, Alabama

Trans-Mississippi

May 12-13 - Battle of Palmetto Ranch, Palmetto Ranch, Texas The Battle of Palmetto Ranch was the final battle of the civil war.

Gulf Coast

March 6 - Natural Bridge, Florida

Mar 27-April 8 - Siege of Spanish Fort, Alabama

April 2-9 - Siege of Fort Blakely, Alabama

(300+ Events of Note)

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