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Civil War Battles in Tennessee
Civil War Battles in Tennessee Lesson plans for primary sources at the Tennessee State Library & Archives Author: Rebecca Byrd, New Center Elementary Grade Level: 5th grade Date Created: May 2018 Visit http://sos.tn.gov/tsla/education for additional lesson plans. Civil War Battles in Tennessee Introduction: Tennessee’s Civil War experience was unique. Tennessee was the last state to se- cede and the first to rejoin the Union. Middle and West Tennessee supported secession by and large, but the majority of East Tennessee opposed secession. Ironically, Middle and West Tennessee came under Union control early in the war, while East Tennessee remained in Confederate hands. Tennessee is second only to Virginia in number of battles fought in the state. In this lesson, students will explore the economic and emotional effects of the war on the citizens of Tennessee. Guiding Questions How can context clues help determine an author’s point of view? How did Civil War battles affect the short term and long term ability of Tennesseans to earn a living? How did Civil War battles affect the emotions of Tennesseans? Learning Objectives The learner will analyze primary source documents to determine whether the creator/author supported the Union or Confederacy. The learner will make inferences to determine the long term and short term economic effects of Civil War battles on the people of Tennessee. The learner will make inferences to determine the emotional affect the Civil War had on Tennesseans. 1 Curriculum Standards: SSP.02 Critically examine -
History Lives Here
History Lives Here A Five-Day Tour of Tennessee’s Historic Homes With a rich tapestry of American heritage, Tennessee's historical stomping grounds are sure to enlighten you. Journey down our historical roads and trails for a stroll into Tennessee's legendary past. Tour Tennessee's heritage towns, and immerse yourself in the state's diverse past from Davy Crockett to Elvis Presley. Day One Start with Memphis’ most famous attraction, Elvis Presley's Graceland. Touring Graceland is a one-of-a-kind experience that will lead you on Elvis's fascinating journey to superstardom. You and your group will experience the cultural changes that led to the birth of Rock 'n' Roll and see, first-hand, how Elvis became the most celebrated entertainer in the world. Next stop is Davies Manor Plantation, located on a 640-acre Revolutionary War land grant, the oldest fully furnished log house in Memphis. A 'must' in Memphis is to enjoy lunch on your own down on Beale Street at any one of the many delicious eateries famous for barbeque! The Memphis Pink Palace Museum was originally designed to be the dream home of wealthy entrepreneur Clarence Saunders. It’s name comes from the mansion's ornate pink Georgian marble facade. Saunders, an entrepreneur and founder of Piggly Wiggly, began building the house in the early 1920's but, due to a legal dispute with the New York Exchange, he had to declare bankruptcy and the unfinished building was eventually given to the city in the late 1920’s for use as a museum. -
Howell Edmunds Jackson Family Papers, 1841-1942
State of Tennessee Department of State Tennessee State Library and Archives 403 Seventh Avenue North Nashville, Tennessee 37243-0312 JACKSON, HOWELL EDMUNDS, FAMILY PAPERS 1841-1942 Processed by: Harriett Chappell Owsley & Mary Washington Frazer Archival Technical Services Accession Numbers: 1273, 1967.011 Date Completed: February 15, 1967 Location: IV-F-5 Microfilm Accession Number: 1204 MICROFILMED INTRODUCTION These are the papers of Howell E. Jackson (1832-1895) and some papers of his brother, William H. Jackson. These brothers married sisters who were daughters of William Giles Harding (1808-1886) the owner of Belle Meade Plantation about six miles from Nashville. The items were given to the Tennessee State Library and Archives by Mrs. Jesse Wills (Ellen McClung Buckner), Nashville, Tennessee, and her two sisters, Mrs. John K. Maddin (Elizabeth Buckner) and Mrs. Stuart Ragland (Mary Harding Buckner), granddaughters of Howell E. Jackson, and by Mrs. Wills’s son, William Ridley Wills II. The materials in this finding aid measure .84 linear feet. There are no restrictions on the materials. Single photocopies of unpublished writings in the Howell E. Jackson Family Papers may be made for purposes of scholarly research. SCOPE AND CONTENT This collection, containing approximately 400 items, is composed of correspondence, business papers, deeds, indentures, photographs, wills, and other papers of the family of William Giles Harding. The largest portion of the papers is for the family of his daughter, Mary, who married Howell E. Jackson, a lawyer, Senator, and an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Another daughter, Selene, married William H. Jackson, a brother of Howell, who became the owner and manager of Belle Meade Plantation. -
Timeline 1864
CIVIL WAR TIMELINE 1864 January Radical Republicans are hostile to Lincoln’s policies, fearing that they do not provide sufficient protection for ex-slaves, that the 10% amnesty plan is not strict enough, and that Southern states should demonstrate more significant efforts to eradicate the slave system before being allowed back into the Union. Consequently, Congress refuses to recognize the governments of Southern states, or to seat their elected representatives. Instead, legislators begin to work on their own Reconstruction plan, which will emerge in July as the Wade-Davis Bill. [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reconstruction/states/sf_timeline.html] [http://www.blackhistory.harpweek.com/4Reconstruction/ReconTimeline.htm] Congress now understands the Confederacy to be the face of a deeply rooted cultural system antagonistic to the principles of a “free labor” society. Many fear that returning home rule to such a system amounts to accepting secession state by state and opening the door for such malicious local legislation as the Black Codes that eventually emerge. [Hunt] Jan. 1 TN Skirmish at Dandridge. Jan. 2 TN Skirmish at LaGrange. Nashville is in the grip of a smallpox epidemic, which will carry off a large number of soldiers, contraband workers, and city residents. It will be late March before it runs its course. Jan 5 TN Skirmish at Lawrence’s Mill. Jan. 10 TN Forrest’s troops in west Tennessee are said to have collected 2,000 recruits, 400 loaded Wagons, 800 beef cattle, and 1,000 horses and mules. Most observers consider these numbers to be exaggerated. “ The Mississippi Squadron publishes a list of the steamboats destroyed on the Mississippi and its tributaries during the war: 104 ships were burned, 71 sunk. -
John Hunt Morgan's Christmas Raid by Tim Asher in December 1862
John Hunt Morgan’s Christmas Raid By Tim Asher In December 1862, the rebel army was back in Tennessee after the Confederate disappointment at Perryville, Kentucky. The Confederates found themselves under constant pressure from the growing Union presence in Tennessee commanded by Gen. William Rosecrans. All indications were that the Union General was planning a winter campaign as soon as adequate supplies were collected at Nashville. The Confederate commander of the Army of Tennessee General Braxton Bragg understood his situation and was determined to stop the flow of war materials into Nashville as best he could. To do this, he called upon his newly promoted brigadier general and Kentucky native John Hunt Morgan to break Rosecrans’ L&N supply line somewhere in Kentucky. The L&N railroad carried food, forage, and supplies from Louisville through the uneven terrain of Kentucky to the Union army’s depot at Nashville. Reports were that the L&N tracks were heavily guarded to prepare for the push on Bragg. But an ever confident Morgan believed that, regardless of the fortifications, a weakness could be found just north of Elizabethtown in an area know generally as Muldraugh’s hill. Muldraugh’s hill is an escarpment rising from the Ohio River to an elevation of over 400 feet in just five miles and crisscrossed by streams and gorges. Morgan’s knowledge of the area probably came from the Brigadier General John experience of his brother-in-law and second in command, Hunt Morgan, CSA Colonel Basil Duke who in 1861 had walked through the area avoiding Federal capture in Elizabethtown. -
Frees Women from Jail in Time for Mother's
Covering local news, politics, and more Channel 10 Friday nights at 7 www.chandlerreports.com Friday, May 10, 2019 MemphisDailyNews.com Vol. 134 | No. 76 Rack–50¢/Delivery–39¢ Memphis Mojo Festival to honor musician Omar Higgins JARED BOYD launch a festival in October in on Wednesday morning. reggae ensemble Chinese Con- some connection to Memphis. Courtesy of The Daily Memphian his memory. “Everything he was doing on nection Dub Embassy and the David Higgins said the idea was Following the memorial ser- “This is part of our grieving, an underground level, we’re try- punk band Negro Terror, died at brought to him, Omar and their vices for Memphis musician this is part of our healing, and ing to make it as big and as broad 37 in April of complications from brother Joseph a year ago by en- Omar Higgins, many in the Mem- ultimately keeping Omar’s leg- as possible. He loved different a stroke and staph infection. tertainment promoter Darrin phis music community said they acy going,” Higgins’ brother Da- subcultures and subgenres, all The Memphis Mojo Festi- Hillis. Higgins said it was one of wanted to make sure his legacy vid Higgins said during the an- different types of music.” val will showcase musicians, lives on. Now one group plans to nouncement at Clayborn Temple Higgins, who fronted the artisans and creatives, all with HIGGINS CONTINUED ON P2 Since 2017, the group has bailed 30 people out of jail in Memphis in its ongoing effort to end ‘Mama’s Day Bail Out’ frees women cash bail. -
Fort Tdonelson NATIONAL MILITARY PARK
Fort TDonelson NATIONAL MILITARY PARK TENNESSEE The Fall of Fort Donelson the Confederate commanders, fearing that they were being trapped behind Fort T)onelson Grant marched his army with difficulty their own fortifications, determined to across the watershed between the Ten cut their way out and escape to Nashville. NATIONAL MILITARY PARK nessee and the Cumberland, and, on Feb Early on the morning of February 15 they ruary 12, arrived before Fort Donelson attacked the Federal right flank and drove with 15,000 men. This force was later in it back from the river in confusion. UNITED STATES creased to about 27,000. The Confed Before noon the road was completely DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR erates holding the fort now numbered opened to a Confederate retreat. It has NATIONAL PARK SERVICE about 21,000 men commanded by Gen. been said that this moment was the crisis John B. Floyd, with Gen. Gideon J. of the battle, perhaps the crisis of Con federate fortunes. Two courses of action Important in the western campaigns of the Civil War, the fall of Fort Donelson, Entrance to Fort Donelson. Pillow and Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner in.February 1862, also gave Grant the famous title of "Unconditional Surrender." as his chief subordinates. While await were now possible. A good leader might Green, and delivering western Tennessee The Confederate authorities at first ing the arrival of the gunboats which had have saved the army by immediate re and all of Kentucky into Federal hands. sought to rest their line of defense on the to steam around from the Tennessee, treat, or he might have taken advantage FORT DONELSON NATIONAL MILITARY of the break in the Federal line to throw The Campaign Plan The battle marked the beginning of a Ohio River, although they did not have Grant invested the place on the west and PARK was the scene of one of the early his entire force into the fight and boldly campaign which, after 17 months of sufficient troops to hold Kentucky. -
Civil War Generals Buried in Spring Grove Cemetery by James Barnett
Spring Grove Cemetery, once characterized as blending "the elegance of a park with the pensive beauty of a burial-place," is the final resting- place of forty Cincinnatians who were generals during the Civil War. Forty For the Union: Civil War Generals Buried in Spring Grove Cemetery by James Barnett f the forty Civil War generals who are buried in Spring Grove Cemetery, twenty-three had advanced from no military experience whatsoever to attain the highest rank in the Union Army. This remarkable feat underscores the nature of the Northern army that suppressed the rebellion of the Confed- erate states during the years 1861 to 1865. Initially, it was a force of "inspired volunteers" rather than a standing army in the European tradition. Only seven of these forty leaders were graduates of West Point: Jacob Ammen, Joshua H. Bates, Sidney Burbank, Kenner Garrard, Joseph Hooker, Alexander McCook, and Godfrey Weitzel. Four of these seven —Burbank, Garrard, Mc- Cook, and Weitzel —were in the regular army at the outbreak of the war; the other three volunteered when the war started. Only four of the forty generals had ever been in combat before: William H. Lytle, August Moor, and Joseph Hooker served in the Mexican War, and William H. Baldwin fought under Giuseppe Garibaldi in the Italian civil war. This lack of professional soldiers did not come about by chance. When the Constitutional Convention met in Philadelphia in 1787, its delegates, who possessed a vast knowledge of European history, were determined not to create a legal basis for a standing army. The founding fathers believed that the stand- ing armies belonging to royalty were responsible for the endless bloody wars that plagued Europe. -
The Other Side of the Monument: Memory, Preservation, and the Battles of Franklin and Nashville
THE OTHER SIDE OF THE MONUMENT: MEMORY, PRESERVATION, AND THE BATTLES OF FRANKLIN AND NASHVILLE by JOE R. BAILEY B.S., Austin Peay State University, 2006 M.A., Austin Peay State University, 2008 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2015 Abstract The thriving areas of development around the cities of Franklin and Nashville in Tennessee bear little evidence of the large battles that took place there during November and December, 1864. Pointing to modern development to explain the failed preservation of those battlefields, however, radically oversimplifies how those battlefields became relatively obscure. Instead, the major factor contributing to the lack of preservation of the Franklin and Nashville battlefields was a fractured collective memory of the two events; there was no unified narrative of the battles. For an extended period after the war, there was little effort to remember the Tennessee Campaign. Local citizens and veterans of the battles simply wanted to forget the horrific battles that haunted their memories. Furthermore, the United States government was not interested in saving the battlefields at Franklin and Nashville. Federal authorities, including the War Department and Congress, had grown tired of funding battlefields as national parks and could not be convinced that the two battlefields were worthy of preservation. Moreover, Southerners and Northerners remembered Franklin and Nashville in different ways, and historians mainly stressed Eastern Theater battles, failing to assign much significance to Franklin and Nashville. Throughout the 20th century, infrastructure development encroached on the battlefields and they continued to fade from public memory. -
Lakeland Gets Proactive with Economic Development Strategy
Public Records & Notices Monitoring local real estate since 1968 View a complete day’s public records Subscribe Presented by and notices today for our at memphisdailynews.com. free report www.chandlerreports.com Tuesday, January 5, 2021 MemphisDailyNews.com Vol. 136 | No. 2 Rack–50¢/Delivery–39¢ For veterans, global pandemic one more enemy DON WADE combat. Although he was never “I was a bravo grunt,” Ferrell ago was there mention of the cur- is another kind of veteran: Ferrell Courtesy of The Daily Memphian deployed, he couldn’t have known said on a mild December day as rent COVID-19 pandemic. has about a decade of experience Kevin Ferrell served in the that’s how it would play out. he sat at a picnic table outside Nor was there mention of the at Alpha Omega working as a pro- United States Army from 1984- So, he girded himself for the Alpha Omega Veterans Services’ challenges he would face upon re- gram recovery specialist. It is an 1988. Or between the Vietnam and day he might have to survive on urban farm and garden in South turning to civilian life. ongoing process. Gulf wars. foreign soil against an enemy he Memphis. Now, 13 years after his own “To this very day, I have a men- Stationed in Germany and the might, or might not, be able to see. “You’re prepared for ‘what if?’ post-military struggles with tal health professional I talk to,” he U.S. throughout his time in the He was a soldier at the ready and, You carry that.” Nowhere in Fer- drugs, alcohol and mental issues military, Ferrell trained daily for to this day, at age 56, he still is. -
Champ Ferguson and the Civil War in Appalachia
Brian Dallas McKnight. Confederate Outlaw: Champ Ferguson and the Civil War in Appalachia. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2011. 288 pp. $34.95, cloth, ISBN 978-0-8071-3769-7. Reviewed by Samuel B. McGuire Published on H-Appalachia (September, 2011) Commissioned by Steven Nash (Post-Doctoral Fellow, Department of History, East Tennessee State University) For three decades historians have contributed because a “frontier culture remained strong in the significantly to our understanding of the Civil War isolated children and grandchildren of the origi‐ by assessing the multiple roles of unconventional nal settlers.”[2] Employing an array of archival warfare. Scholars--such as Michael Fellman, Clay sources--including newspaper editorials, manu‐ Montcastle, and Daniel Sutherland--not only re‐ script collections, and postwar trial testimony-- vealed the pervasiveness of irregular warfare on McKnight maintains that Cumberland high‐ the Confederate home front, but also examined landers’ war-induced paranoia and pragmatic the ways in which guerrilla activities shaped offi‐ survivor mentality inflamed the merciless guerril‐ cial war policies and the course of the broader la warfare. He also argues that Ferguson’s conventional conflict.[1] Augmenting this bur‐ Manichean outlook, in which he viewed the con‐ geoning scholarship on Civil War irregulars, Brian flict in stark terms of good versus evil with no McKnight’s biography explores the life of one of middle ground, was founded upon a rudimentary the most notorious pro-Confederate guerrillas, understanding of Old Testament scripture. Champ Ferguson, and sheds light on the chaotic Organized chronologically, McKnight’s study irregular war that wracked many mountain South initially provides insight into Ferguson’s prewar communities. -
Chickamauga the Battle
Chickamauga the Battle, Text and Photographs By Dennis Steele Senior Staff Writer he Battle of Chickamauga flashed into a white-hot clash on September 19, 1863, following engagements in Teastern and central Tennessee and northern Mississippi that caused the withdrawal of the Confederate Army of Tennessee (renamed from the Army of Mississippi) under GEN Braxton Bragg to Chattanooga, Tenn. Bragg was forced to make a further withdrawal into northwest Georgia after the Union’s Army of the Cumberland, under MG William S. Rosecrans, crossed the Tennessee River below Chattanooga, flanking Bragg’s primary line of defense. Chattanooga was a strategic prize. Union forces needed it as a transportation hub and supply center for the planned campaign into Georgia. The South needed the North not to have it. At LaFayette, Ga., about 26 miles south of Chattanooga, Bragg received reinforcements. After preliminary fights to stop Rosecrans, he crossed Chickamauga Creek to check the Union advance. In two days of bloody fighting, Bragg gained a tactical victory over Rosecrans at Chickamauga, driving the Army of the Cumberland from the battlefield. The stage was set for Bragg to lose the strategic campaign for Chattanooga, however, as he failed to pursue the retreating Union force, allowing it to withdraw into Chattanooga behind a heroic rear-guard stand by a force assembled from the disarray by MG George H. Thomas. The Battle of Chickamauga is cited as the last major Southern victory of the Civil War in the Western Theater. It bled both armies. Although official records are sketchy in part, estimates put Northern casualties at around 16,200 and Southern casualties at around 18,000.