DOCSLIB.ORG

History of United Sri Lanka

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
History of United Sri Lanka History of United Sri Lanka Presented By: Chamara Perera and P.A Lal Introduction to History of United Sri Lanka Prehistory Sri Lanka was known by several names from time to time Lankadipa, Tambapanni, Sihaladipa, Lanka, Ilam, Hsia-Ian-Shan, Palaesimundu, Salica, Sarandib, Seilan, Seng-kia-la, Serendib, Seyllen, Sieladiba, Taprobana, Taprobane are some of them 1 World Map of Ptolemy (85-165 AD) Taprobane Introduction to History of United Sri Lanka Prehistory (contd….) According to Hindu mythology Sri Lanka had a great king called Ravana According to this mythology (Ramayana) he has not only rule united Sri Lanka, he ruled some parts of India too. We just cannot forget about this as there are many folk tales and village names such as Seetha Eliya, Ravana Ella, Wariyapola which seem to have direct connections to the story. At the end of mythology, Ravana was betrayed by his own brother and kindom of Sri Lanka was overrun by the enemies. As a gift Ravana’s brother got the crown of the country. 2 King Ravana Ravana said to have ten heads, probably to demonstrate that he is the Ruler of ten countries. Ramayana itself describe him as a villain, a Gentleman, and, a great king. Ramayana describes Ravana’s Lanka as a paradise on earth. Introduction to History of United Sri Lanka Prehistory (contd….) Even though we cannot find any hard proof to Ravana’s era, archeological experiments clearly show that there were human beings and activities even before 27000 B.C. Excavations at Batadomba Lena, Beli Lena, Balangoda etc. reveals human activities in Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic eras. Famous Balangoda Man is a result of these excavations. Paleolithic – Early stone age (2 mil ~ 13,000 years BC) Mesolithic – Middle stone age (13,000 ~ 8000 years BC) Neolithic – Late stone age (8000 ~ 4000 years BC) 3 Introduction to History of United Sri Lanka Diversifications and unifications •The oldest division of the Island comprises Nagadipa in the north, Malayadesha in the central, and Rohana in the south. •First foreign invasion came in 217 BC. Two Tamil brothers, Sena and Gutthika, invaded the country and took over the kingdom. That time country was divided into • Pihitirata – North • Malayadesa – Central • Ruhunurata – South At the peace time these divisions were ruled by kings in a same dynasty. Pihitirata was the main kingdom Introduction to History of United Sri Lanka Diversifications and unifications (Contd….) ..and other two paid tribute to the main kingdom. So country remained as a united country. At the time of foreign occupations the kingdoms operated separately. There were about 20 invasions from south Indian kingdoms; Chola, pandyan, kalinga etc. But never they ruled Malayarata and Ruhunurata; only pihitirata they ruled sometimes though they managed to destroy the capitals of Rohana and Malaya. Time to time Sinhala kings rescued and unified the country by defeating the invaders. 4 Introduction to History of United Sri Lanka Diversifications and unifications (Contd….) But the northern area harboured remnants of defeated Indian armies. They acted as information sources and mercenaries to the inside and outside enemies. At the Yapahuwa era tamil general Ariyachakrawarthy invaded the country. From that time on there was a kingdom of aryachakrawarthy’s at Yapapatuna. Aryachakrawarthy became a dynasty and ruled Yapapatuna and Wanni. Sometimes as allies, sometimes as foes. There were wars between Chakrawarthy’s and Sinhala kings at the period of Bhuwanekabahu V (1373- 1404) and chakrawarthy’s armies were defeated and limited to Yapapatuna. Introduction to History of United Sri Lanka Diversifications and unifications (Contd….) At the time of King Parakkramabahu V1 of Kotte (1412-1468 once again Yapapatuna became aggressive. So the king’s son, prince Sapumal conquered Aryachakrawarthy and made the Sri Lanka united for the last time until 1815 AD. 5 Introduction to History of United Sri Lanka Here we talk about the history. What ever happened in the history, now we, Sinhalese and Tamils, are two races who live in one country. Now there is no point arguing who owns this country or part of it. Country belongs to all who live there now. We have to live in harmony in order to make this country a paradise once again References 1. Mahawabsa by Sri Sumangala Thero & Pandith Batuwantudawe Dewarakshita 2. Kotte Heritage by Dimiyawe Amarawansa Thero & Alikewala Seelananda Thero 3. The Sinhalese by Pundit Dr. Nandadewa Wijesekera 4. Kings & Rulers of Lanka by P. B. Senanayake 5. Condensed Sinhala Mahawansa by S. Wijesooriya 6. Ramayana by C. Rajagopalachari 7. Sinhala Thupawansaya by W.S. Karunathilaka 8. National battles of Sinhala Dayawansha Jayakody 6 Introduction to History of United Sri Lanka Next Mr. Chamara will explain the history in detail Thank you Kings from Vijaya to Devanam Piya Tissa Vijaya brother Sumiththa 543-505BC son commander Paduwasdew Upatissa 504-474BC daughter Deega son 505AD-504AD Gamini Unmadachitra (Rassa Kula) Abaya son 474-454BC Pandukabaya 437-367BC son Mutaseewa 367-307BC son Dewanam Piya Tissa 307BC-267BC 7 King Vijaya • Came from Lata with 700 people at 543BC. • With the help of Sri Lankan queen Kuweni, he captured the crown of the country • Kuweni had two chilren from Vijaya. Later Vijaya abandoned them. Veddhas believed to be descended from these children. • Later, Vijaya married to a princess from Padi Rata and consecrated as the king of Sri Lanka • His ministers found villages Anuradhagama, Upatissagama, Uruwela and Vijitha. • Vijaya reigned country for 38 years. King Pandukabaya • Pandukabaya’s farther was not a descendent of Vijaya, but a member of Raksha race. • There was a prophecy that Pandukabaya would kill his all uncles, hence he was in exile in his childhood. • Truing the prophecy, he killed all his uncles, except one, with the help of Rakshas and became the king of Sri Lanka. • He ruled the country for 70 years, which is the longest period, a king ever reigned in Sri Lanka. 8 King Dewanam Piya Tissa • Emperor Asoka of India was an unseen friend of king Dewanam Piya Tissa. • During his time, emperor Asoka sent Buddhism with his son Mahinda thera. • Put up Thuparamaya, Isurumuniya, Vessagiriya, Prathamaka Stupaya, Mahapaliya, Jambukola Viharaya, Thisa Weva Kings from Dewanam Piya Tissa to Dutugemunu Dewanam Piya Tissabrother Mahanaga 307-267BC brother brother (Maghampura) Uththiya 267-257BC son brother Yaththalayatissa Mahasiwa 257-247BC brother son Sooratissa 247-237BC Gotabaya Tamil Commanders in Horse Regiment son Sena & Guththika brother Kawantissa 237-215BC son Asela 215-205BC Dutugemunu Elara from Chola 205-161BC 9 Dutugemunu-Elara War • Prince Gemunu requested permission three times from his farther to fight with Elara, but he was not given. • Prince Gemunu left from Maghama to fight with Tamils. First he was faced resistance at Guththila. • Then he overrun Vijithapura Fortress. It was taken 4 months, and Elara request reinforcements from Balluka of South India, who was the son-in-law of Elara. Dutugemunu-Elara War (cont..) • Then Dutugemunu overun Girila and Mahela Fortresses also. • Finally there was a duel between Dutugemunu and Elara. Elara was on the Maha Parwatha Tusker and Dutugemnu was on Kadol Tusker. King Elara was defeated by Dutugemunu. • Balluka came with 60,000 solders but Dutugemunu defeated them also. 10 King Dutugemunu • He did lot of work for the development of Buddhism. • Put up Misisawetiya, Lowahamahapaya (7 story building), Ruwanweliseya etc. • King Dutugemunu united the country and ruled under one flag. Kings@Anuradhapura • Saddhatissa 137-119BC 18 years • Thullaththana 119BC 1 month • Langitissa 119-109BC 10 years • Kallatanaga 109-103BC 6 years • Walagamba (1) 103BC 5 months 7 Tamil Commanders concurred the country • Pulabaththa 103-100BC 3 years • Bahiya 100-98BC 2 years • Panayamara 98-91BC 7 years • Piliyamara 91-90BC 7 months • Datiya 90-89BC 2 years • Walagamba (2) 89-76BC 12years 11 King Walagamba • Due to Tamil invasion he was hide out at several places. • He formed army at Maghama and dominated Anuradhapua, killed Datiya and became the King again. • Put up Abayagiriya, Somarama Vihara and Dambulla Vihara. • Published Thripitakaya at Aluvihare at Matale. Kings@Anuradhapura • Mahasilu Mahatissa 76-62BC 4years • Choranaga 62-50BC 12 years • Kudatissa 50-47BC 3 years • Anula 47-42BC 5 years • Kutakannatissa 42-20BC 22 years • Bathiyatissa I 20BC-9AC 28 years • Maha Datiya 9-21AC 12 years • Amanda gamini 21-30AC 9 years • Kanirajanutissa 30-33AC 3 years • Chulabaya 33-35AC 2 years • Seewali 35AC 4 months • Ilanaga 35-44AC 9 years • Chandramukaseewa 44-52AC 8 years • Yasalalakatissa 52-60AC 8 years • Subaraja 60-66AC 6 years • Vasaba 66-110AC 44 years • Vankanasikatissa 110-113AC 3 years • Gajaba I 113-135AC 22 years • Mahallakanaga 135-141AC 6 years • Bathiyatissa II 141-165AC 24 years • Kanittatissa 65-193AC 28 years 12 Kings@Anuradhapura • Chulanaga 193-195AC 2 years • Kunchanaga 195-196AC 1 year • Sirinaga 196-215AC 19 years • Voharikatissa 215-236AC 22 years • Abayanaga 236-244AC 8 years • Sirinaga II 244-246Ac 2 years • Vijayakumara 246-247AC 1 year • Sangatissa 247-251AC 4 years • Sirisangabo 251-253AC 2 years • Gotabaya 253-266ACC 13 years • Detitis I 266-*276AC 10 years • Mahasen 276-303AC 27 years • Sirimewan 303-331AC 28 years • Detutis II 331-340AC 9 years • Buddhadasa 340-369AC 29 years • Upatissa I 369-410AC 42 years • Mahanama 410-432AC 22 years • Soththisena 432AC 1 day • Chaththagrahaka 432-433AC 1 year • Miththasena 433-434Ac 1 year 25 years under Tamil Control • 6 Tamil Princes came from India, killed King Miththasena and ruled the Pihiti Rata for 25 years. • Pandu, Parinda, Kuda Parinda, Thirithara, dhathiya and Peetiya are the princes. • During above period Sinhala princes ran away to Southern area. One Thera at Mahavihara disrobed and led the troopes and killed the Tamil ruler. Who became the King Dhatusena.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Entrenchment of Sinhalese Nationalism in Post-War Sri Lanka by Anne Gaul
    An Opportunity Lost The Entrenchment of Sinhalese Nationalism in Post-war Sri Lanka by Anne Gaul Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Supervised by: Dr. Andrew Shorten Submitted to the University of Limerick, November 2016 Abstract This research studies the trajectory of Sinhalese nationalism during the presidency of Mahinda Rajapaksa from 2005 to 2015. The role of nationalism in the protracted conflict between Sinhalese and Tamils is well understood, but the defeat of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 2009 has changed the framework within which both Sinhalese and Tamil nationalism operated. With speculations about the future of nationalism abound, this research set out to address the question of how the end of the war has affected Sinhalese nationalism, which remains closely linked to politics in the country. It employs a discourse analytical framework to compare the construction of Sinhalese nationalism in official documents produced by Rajapaksa and his government before and after 2009. A special focus of this research is how through their particular constructions and representations of Sinhalese nationalism these discourses help to reproduce power relations before and after the end of the war. It argues that, despite Rajapaksa’s vociferous proclamations of a ‘new patriotism’ promising a united nation without minorities, he and his government have used the momentum of the defeat of the Tamil Tigers to entrench their position by continuing to mobilise an exclusive nationalism and promoting the revival of a Sinhalese-dominated nation. The analysis of history textbooks, presidential rhetoric and documentary films provides a contemporary empirical account of the discursive construction of the core dimensions of Sinhalese nationalist ideology.
    [Show full text]
  • ​P Art​1. Framing Fieldwork in the Batticaloa Region
    part 1. framing fieldwork in the batticaloa region Downloaded from http://read.dukeupress.edu/books/book/chapter-pdf/633593/9780822389187-001.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 introduction ri Lanka has been a remarkably fertile site for Sresearch in social and cultural anthropology, starting with C. G. and Brenda Z. Seligmann’s colo- nial monograph on the Veddas (1911) and continuing to this day with important ethnographic studies by Edmund R. Leach (1961), Nur Yalman (1967), Stanley J. Tambiah (1958), Gananath Obeyesekere (1967, 1981, 1984), James Brow (1978), Michael Roberts (1982), Bruce Kapferer (1983), Jonathan Spencer (1990a), R. L. Stirrat (1992), E. Valentine Daniel (1996), Rohan Bastin (2002), and many others. Despite “postcolo- nial and postempiricist” objections to anthropology in Sri Lanka (Ismail 2005), my intention was always to produce a book in the same scholarly tradition, a study that would extend understanding of the island’s remarkable sociological complexity through long- term, community-based fieldwork, as well as through critical engagement with anthropological writing on South Asia more generally. Now, however, given the brutal ethnic conflict which has consumed Sri Lan- kan society since the 1980s, this study also helps to illuminate what has become the most critical and divided conflict zone of the Eelam War—the island’s Downloaded from http://read.dukeupress.edu/books/book/chapter-pdf/633593/9780822389187-001.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 Map 1. Sri Lanka and South India eastern coastal region—and the two Tamil-speaking minority communities who have lived there side by side for centuries—the Tamils and the Muslims (or Sri Lankan Moors).
    [Show full text]
  • Success and Failures of Kingship and Government in Ancient Politics in Sri Lanka
    Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (AJHSS) Volume 2, Issue—4, November, 2014 ISSN: 2320-9720 Success and Failures of Kingship and Government in Ancient Politics in Sri Lanka K. B. G. Shantha Kumara Gamlath School of Public Policy and Administration Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan, China E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The main purpose of this paper is explore nature of success and failure of the government and administration system of king domain regimes in Ancient Sri Lankan politics. Until end of the 19th century that world experience was there are many different kind of monarchical governing system has been activated with subject to changers in many countries in the world. Also, Sri Lanka is a one of the South Asian countries which has long historical experience about dynastical King Domain governing and administration system. There was a strong governance system with territorial unity due to centralized power of the King. Also, there was different kind of king regimes were activated in different time periods until colonized of Sri Lanka. Since, there are several external threats as well internal influences were could be shown regarding Sri Lankan King domain governance. But, governing process was strongly maintained by the Kingship without any disruption. Simultaneously, there are many monarchical systems were activated in many countries in the world. Comparatively, there are many King domain governing systems were could be indentified in many countries in the world including South Asia. There are many monarchical governance has been activated in many countries and today they have become constitutional monarchies by adjust the existing Kingship Kingdom in many countries without abolished it.
    [Show full text]
  • Sri Lanka About This Guide
    US Forces Pacific Culture Guide Jaffna Makassar Kandy Colombo Sri Lanka About this Guide This guide is designed to prepare you to deploy to culturally complex environments and achieve mission objectives. The fundamental information contained within will help you understand the cultural dimension of your assigned location and gain skills necessary for success (Photo: USAF dental Sri Lankan Sri technician teaches local children to properly brush their teeth in Jaffna, Sri Guide Culture India Lanka). The guide consists of 2 parts: Part 1 “Culture General” introduces the foundational knowledge you need to operate effectively in any global environment with a focus on South Asia. Culture Part 2 “Culture Specific” describes unique cultural features of Sri Lankan society. It applies culture-general concepts to help increase your knowledge of your assigned deployment location. This section is designed to complement other pre- deployment training (Photo: US Sailor tours Sri Lankan Naval cadets on the Guide amphibious transport USS Somerset). For further information, visit the Air Force Culture and Language Center (AFCLC) website at http://culture.af.mil/ or contact the AFCLC Region Team at [email protected]. Disclaimer: All text is the property of the AFCLC and may not be modified by a change in title, content, or labeling. It may be reproduced in its current format with the expressed permission of the AFCLC. All photography is provided as a courtesy of the US government, Wikimedia, and other sources. GENERAL CULTURE PART 1 – CULTURE GENERAL What is Culture? Fundamental to all aspects of human existence, culture shapes the way humans view life and functions as a tool we use to adapt to our social and physical environments.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian+Cabinet+On+SL+Civil+War+BG.Pdf
    A Word from your Chair and Director… Welcome to the Indian Cabinet on the Sri Lankan Civil War at VAMUN XXXIX. We’re really excited to have all of you here and we’re looking forward to a riveting committee. Your Chair Aditya Seth, is a fourth year from Mumbai, India, majoring in Marketing and Information Technology at the McIntire School of Commerce. Aditya has ​ previously been Director General and Charge d’ Affaires for our collegiate conference VICS and is currently serving as the President of the International Relations Organization at UVA, the parent organization of VAMUN. Outside the classroom, he is an aviation enthusiast and can also be found exploring fun places to eat in Charlottesville or trekking. Your CD, Mohit, Is currently studying Physics and C.S. Mohit was at VICS, He was Crisis Director, You should be prepared. Outside of MUN he Enjoys lots of the stuff he Wrote on the main page. We hope to see you are researched and ready to go in November! In the meantime, if you have any questions, please feel free to contact us. Aditya Seth Mohit Srivastav [email protected] [email protected] From the Office of धान मंी कायालय the Prime Minister भारत सरकार Government of India दल, भारत New Delhi, India 1987 My fellow Ministers, As you may all know, our neighbours to the south have recently become victims of a severe insurgency within their borders. Many Tamil groups in the northern part of Sri Lanka have been fighting for an independent Tamil state.
    [Show full text]
  • Side Event, 15.03.2019 LTTE Beyond Civilized Means
    Ranil Jayanetti, BSc, MSc, MBE Oelbergweg 9, CH-8200 Schaffhausen, Switzerland Mobile: 0041-76-367-2260, Email: [email protected] UN Human Rights Council 40 th Session – Side Event, 15.03.2019 LTTE Beyond Civilized Means Dear Ladies and Gentlemen, I believe that the UN Human Rights Council is an important institution for the people of the world. Because, I believe that, just as mine, everyone else’s human rights need to be protected. This council has been instituted, to protect human rights of ALL the people of the world, not only of those, that its bureaucrats feel fit to protect, for whatever reason. The most powerful country in the world, the United States of America, has left this Council criticizing it as “hypo-critical and self-servicing”. When one looks at how this council has been treating my country Sri Lanka regarding its engagement with the fascist Tamil Movement led by the Tamil Tigers, one gets the feeling that United States’s criticism may not be incorrect! Regrdless of obvious benefits of the end of war, UNHCR is working towards racial segregation in Sri Lanka. “Fascist Tamil movement” is NOT a generalized term for the Tamils of this world: “Fascist Tamils”, dear Ladies and Gentlemen, are the Tamil Tigers, but not only; it includes also those who supported the Tamil Tigers by various means, including, financing the silencing of opposing views and promoting racial segregation. One does not need to be “Tamil” by ethnicity to be a “Fascist Tamil”. Adele Balasingham, who recruited child soldiers, garlanded them with cyanide capsules and brain washed them to become suicide bombers, is one of them.
    [Show full text]
  • ECFG-Sri Lanka-2021R.Pdf
    About this Guide This guide is designed to prepare you to deploy to culturally complex environments and successfully achieve mission objectives. The fundamental information it contains will help you understand the unique cultural features of your assigned location and gain skills necessary for achieving mission success (Photo: USAF dental technician teaches local children to properly brush their Sri Lanka teeth in Jaffna, Sri Lanka). The guide consists of 2 parts: Part 1 is the “Culture General” section, which provides the foundational knowledge you need to operate effectively in any global environment with a focus on South Asia. Part 2 is the “Culture Specific” section, which describes unique cultural features of Indian society. It applies culture- Culture general concepts to help increase your knowledge of your assigned deployment location. This section is designed to complement other pre- deployment training (Photo: US Sailor tours Sri Lankan Naval cadets on the amphibious transport USS Somerset). For further information, visit the Air Force Culture and Language Center (AFCLC) website at www.airuniversity.af.edu/AFCLC/ or contact the AFCLC Region Team at [email protected]. Disclaimer: All text is the property of the AFCLC and may not be modified by a change in title, content, or labeling. It may be reproduced in its current format with the expressed permission of the AFCLC. All photography is provided as a courtesy of the US government, Wikimedia, and other sources. GENERAL CULTURE PART 1 – CULTURE GENERAL What is Culture? Fundamental to all aspects of human existence, culture shapes the way humans view life and functions as a tool we use to adapt to our social and physical environments.
    [Show full text]
  • The Decline Oe Polomarwa and the Rise Oe Dambadeniya
    ___________________THE DECLINE OE POLOMARWAC-- :--------------------------------- AND THE RISE OE DAMBADENIYAi___ (circa 1180 - 1270 A.D.) Amaradasa Liyanagamage Thesis submitted for the Degree of .'{ Doctor of Philosophy •University of London ProQuest Number: 10804780 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10804780 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 a Abstract In this study an attempt is made to examine the developments in the history of Ceylon from the death of Parakramabahu I to the end of the reign of Parakramabahu II covering a period of roughly a century (c.1180 to 1270 A.D.)* The unity and general prosperity which the country enjoyed under Parakramabahu I gave way to dissension and disintegration soon after his death. The forces of disintegration moved on until about four decades after Parakramabahu1s death Dambadeniya emerged as a new centre of activity and of resistance to foreign invaders with the founda­ tion of a royal residence there. The difficult problems concerning the disintegration of the Poionnaruva Kingdom so soon after reaching its cul­ mination under Parakramabahu I, and the subsequent rise of Dambadeniya to importance under parakramabahu II form the subject of this study.
    [Show full text]
  • Quarterly Tours
    Quarterly Tours Jayatissa Herath National Trust – Sri Lanka 02 nd Sept 2017 QUARTERLY TOUR 2017 Historic Magama Settlement - Tissamaharama Tour Leader Prof. Nimal de Silva, President of the National Trust Sri Lanka. Tour Coordinator Ms. Neranjana Gunetilleke participating in the tour (0773879947), has volunteered to assist in organizational aspects, where required. Route By Bus : Colombo – Matara – Hambantota – Expressway/ Highway to Tissamaharama. Itinerary 4.30 am Meet at PGIAR and leave at 5.00 am 7.00 am Stop for nice self paid buffet breakfast at Lucky Yoghurt, Matara 10.30 am - 1.00 pm Explore sites of heritage interest at Tissamaharama (Manik Vehera Complex, Yatala Stupa and the monastery, Sandagiri Stupa and the monastery and Tissa Stupa) 1.00 pm - 2.00 pm Lunch at Lake Wind Resort, Tissamaharama 2.00 pm - 5.00 pm Continue to explore sites of heritage interest at Tissamaharama (Magama ancient city, CCF’s artifact collection and if time permits, Nadigamvila Stupa) 5.00 pm Leave for Colombo with one stop en route 9.30 pm Arrive at PGIAR The itinerary planned may change depending on factors such as time and weather. Please refer last page for more informations on the tour. NTSL Page 2 of 12 Manik Vehera Complex Manik Vehera is not a very large stupa in size. It is believed that the stupa was constructed by King Dutugamunu although sometime it is attributed to King Mahanaga. The stupa was renovated to its original shape during British rule and new buildings were also added to the complex for religious activities. There are many ruins and evidences of stone pillared buildings around this stupa.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Historical Sites in Sri Lanka – Short Notes Jayaindra Fernando
    Some historical sites in Sri Lanka – short notes Jayaindra Fernando Introduction Sri Lanka is a land like no other, with multitude of places to see. If you are over 18 and has not seen these places, then there is no time to lose. If you have children under 18 still there is no time to lose. Show them these cultural gems before they leave the nest to roam the wide geographical and social world on their own. Your country deserves the duty and your Lankan born children are entitled to the privilege. This document is a rough note and not a publication. Distances are as of the original writings and not converted to metric. Of course it is incomplete. All information in this are already in the public domain. Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Anuradhapura and surrounding area ................................................................................................. 3 Sri maha bodi ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Brazen palace ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Ruvanweliseya .................................................................................................................................... 3 Jethawana ..........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Performing Artistes in Sri Lanka: the Contribution to Ethno-Religious Cohesion Through Their Shaping and Challenging of Socio-Cultural Norms
    THE PERFORMING ARTISTES IN SRI LANKA: THE CONTRIBUTION TO ETHNO-RELIGIOUS COHESION THROUGH THEIR SHAPING AND CHALLENGING OF SOCIO-CULTURAL NORMS. Winojith Sanjeewa Withana Appuhamilage Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds York St John University School of Humanities, Religion and Philosophy October-2018 i The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. The right of Winojith Sanjeewa Withana Appuhamilage to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. © 2018 The University of Leeds and Winojith Sanjeewa Withana Appuhamilage ii Dedication To my Amma and Thaththa -Mother and father With veneration, I worship my mother’s feet (mathu padam nama maham). She nourished me with loving kindness enabling me to lead a healthy, long life (posesi uddikaranam- ayu digham vassasatam) and I worship my father’s feet (pithu padam nama maham). He taught me to keep my head held high even before kings (raja majjam supattittam). To my “Guru Deva” - Professor Pauline Kollontai Akhanda Mandalaa kaaram - Vyaaptam Yenam charaacharam Tatpadam Darshitam Yena - Tasmai Sri Gurave Namaha. (Guru Gita- Skanda Purana) A guru can guide us to the supreme knowledge of that which pervades all the living and non-living beings in the entire Universe (namely Brahman).
    [Show full text]
  • 'Sri Lankan Nation' Through Education
    Building the ‘Sri Lankan nation’ through education: The identity politics of teaching history in a multicultural post-war society Mihiri Saritha Warnasuriya St. Edmund’s College Centre of Development Studies University of Cambridge This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2018 Name: Mihiri Warnasuriya Dissertation Title: Building the ‘Sri Lankan nation’ through education: The identity politics of teaching history in a multicultural post-war society Abstract Driven by the overarching objective of promoting reconciliation through education, this thesis strives to unpack the first national goal of education set out by the Sri Lankan Ministry of Education, which involves nation building and the establishment of a Sri Lankan identity through the promotion of social cohesion and the recognition of cultural diversity in Sri Lanka’s plural society. Within education, history teaching in secondary school acts as the main focus of the research, due to the relevance of this goal to the subject of history as well as the ability of history to shape the attitudes and perceptions of youth. As such, the original contribution of this thesis is the development of an understanding of how the goal of nation building is being carried out through the Sri Lankan education system by focusing on the subject of history, which in turn facilitates an analysis of the identity politics of teaching history in a multicultural post-war society. With the intention of developing such an understanding, the study aims to answer three research questions: 1) What type of nation is being built through history education in Sri Lanka?; 2) How is the ethnic and religious diversity which characterises the Sri Lankan nation being dealt with through history education?; and 3) How are Sri Lankan youth being aided in understanding the sensitive matters which impeded the nation building exercise in the recent past and resulted in the break out of the ethnic conflict? The thesis draws on an inductive approach, using qualitative research and secondary literature.
    [Show full text]