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Issue 16 / September 2020 Clic-it Cymru Clic-itNews from Wales and the World Cymru News from Wales and the World

Authors: Haf Llewelyn, Mali Williams Editor: Karen MacIntyre Huws CORAL BACK TO SCHOOL... By now most Welsh pupils have returned to school, some for the first time for almost six months. According REEF to Kirsty Williams, Education Minister for Wales, it was more dangerous for pupils to keep staying at home than for them to return to school. She said: “Every decision we have made has been backed by the latest available scientific and medical guidance. Thanks to Wales’s cautious and careful approach, Covid’s presence in our communities is declining. In DATES FOR the expectation that this will continue, the advice to me DIARY is that schools can open in September, with all pupils Bonfire Night POSITIVE present.” and more! In the opinion of most doctors, scientists and the NEWS? Welsh Government, keeping schools closed would What are Coral Reefs? cause pupils to miss out on their education and have a PAGE 2 The Great Barrier Reef lies in the sea off the coast of long term effect on wellbeing and mental health as Australia, and it is habitat to a vast array of plants and well as the negative effect on learning. animals. Parts of the reef began forming over 50 million years ago. Over the last years, scientists have been concerned that the coral has been affected badly by rising sea temperatures. The coral showed signs of bleaching, due to the destruction of the algae which the coral feeds off.

Ysgol Gynradd Abertiefi School staff in Wales have been very busy preparing UNDER THE to welcome their pupils back and have put many steps MICROSCOPE Fruits of the in place to keep everyone safe while in school. While harvest What is coral? many pupils are glad to be back and happy to see • Coral is an animal. friends once again, others are finding it an anxious • Although it appears very much like a plant, it belongs time. According to one primary teacher: to the same family as the jellyfish and anemone. “It’s natural that some children find it difficult adapting PAGE 6 • It has an outer skeleton which anchors it to the to school life after so long at home. Teachers and seabed. school staff are ready to help anyone who is worried or • It lives in a colony, which forms a reef that can extend finding things difficult, so it’s important to talk and tell for miles below the sea surface. them how you feel.” • The reef is a habitat to 25% of the world's sea-life species, so it is vital that it continues to thrive. What is the problem and is there any positive news? Mainly due to climate change, and the rise in sea temperature, the coral is in danger, scientists are TIME Ysgol Pant Pastynog constantly monitoring the changes beneath the waves. TRAVELLING Useful websites for teachers and carers: Between September 2019 and June 2020, the coral Black history https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/coronavirus/returnin Wales showed some signs of recovery. It's excellent news, but g-school-after-lockdown scientist remain concerned, as it is vital that the sea temperature does not rise further. What measures can https://adyach.cymru/en/Parents/Access-to-the-Servic we take to help matters? e/Coronavirus-Support-and-Resources/Coronavirus-S upport-and-Resources.aspx PAGE 7 DIARY DATES SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER

October November The Romans believed Black History Month Bonfire Night The Romans believed More information about this on thatthat thethe godgod VulcanVulcan Explosive Facts about 1-31 page 7 and about Betty Campbell 5 was responsible for the Fireworks in Issue 7 of Clic-it Cymru. month of September. • China was the first country to invent He was the god of fire October He was the god of fire National Poetry Day fireworks, and that was about 2,000 years and blacksmiths, so ago. Today, the Chinese are still September has been 1 responsible for 90% of the world’s associated with fires, volcanoes and October World Mental Health Day fireworks. earthquakes. We discussed many aspects of • The Walt Disney company are the world’s 10 mental health in Issue 12 of Clic-it biggest buyers of fireworks. It is estimated September Owain Glyndŵr Day Cymru. that they spend about $50 million a year Read more about this in on them. October World Space Week 16 Issue 10 page 2 of Clic-it Cymru. • Not everyone likes fireworks! Cats and 4-10 dogs certainly don’t like them, and birds September International Day of Peace can become so disorientated that they fly 21 and International into things. Alzheimer’s day • The different colours in fireworks are caused by the different chemicals that are September Autumn Equinox in them. 22 This is when the night and day are of • A sparkler burns at a temperature up to equal length as the sun is directly 15 times hotter than boiling water. If you above the equator. In the northern use them, remember to wear gloves, and hemisphere this marks the end of put them in a bucket of water or sand summer and the beginning of when you’ve finished. autumn. November Remembrance Sunday September Michaelmas Day Traditionally this was the day when 8 29 October Clocks go back new servants were hired. It was also an extra hour in bed – YAY! a day when new terms began and 25 2:00 am this is why we still start our new The Poppy school year in September. Why do we wear a poppy on Remembrance Sunday? The poppy is a symbol of sleep and death; the red colour is also a symbol of the spilled blood of soldiers. During the First World War the poppy disappeared from the fields as the ground was stamped and Harvest Festival or bombed in the battles. No poppies grew Thanksgiving for 4 whole seasons. When the war was Since ancient times people have been over the poppies bloomed again, even giving thanks for a good harvest, which October Halloween stronger than before, and this was always are the crops, fruits and vegetables that 31 More about this in Issue 10 page 7 associated with the soldiers that were are harvested at this time of year. of Clic-it Cymru. killed. Traditionally the full moon closest to the Autumn Equinox was called the ‘Harvest November Children in Need Moon’. The Sunday closest to this became the time to hold a church 13 service to give thanks for the harvest, this was the beginning of the Harvest November World Diabetes Day Thanksgiving Service. Today, 14 see ‘You’re a Star’ page 6. churches and chapels are decorated with fruit, vegetables and flowers and a November service of thanks is held. Anti Bullying Week 16-20

2 JUST AS IT USED TO BE? No! Why today of all days? Why hadn't gone shopping because did her hair have to take on a life Dad lost his job. of it's own? Her fringe sticking 'We must be careful now Hetty, up, just like a pig's tail! All the we can't spend as we used to...' children would tease, pointing at Mum would remind her, before her and sneering. Usually Hetty adding, 'But everything will be liked going back to school after fine again, when Dad gets a new the long summer holiday, she job.' loved meeting up with the old Wearing a hand-me-down want to hear the word Covid When she opened the door, she gang, being greeted with the jumper after Mali, her older sister, again. When would things be was greeted by her friend Elly. usual – ‘Hi Happy Hetty!’ wasn't the same as having a new normal, just as it used to be? Molly was also there. Behind Usually, she'd have had new one. She stared sadly at her new 'Hurry up Hetty, it's almost 8.45!' Molly stood Mari, Caio and Ben, shoes, a new school uniform, shoes, they were ok, but they Mum shouted. Hetty rushed to all waiting for her. and a lovely new bag full of weren't the ones she wanted. the bathroom, she had to try and 'Hia Hat!' said Caio, 'What shiny things. Everything ready The ones she had chosen were flatten her fringe. Then she happened to your hair?' He said, for the new term. This year they too expensive, Mum had said. grabbed her old school bag, and taking off his cap, 'Look at the Hetty didn't want to go back to was just reaching the bottom mess Mum made of mine!' He school. Everyone kept saying step when the front door-bell giggled. how strange and different rang. Hetty smiled, Caio's hair had everything was going to be. The 'Bye Mum!' she called. disappeared, his head shaven! last months had turned 'Have a lovely first day back!' Everyone laughed, and ran for everything up-side-down. Elly Mum smiled, and Dad came to the school gate, pushing and her best friend had come to the wave her off, 'Good luck my shoving, just like old times. garden, just once for a visit, but Happy Hetty!' he called. there were no sleepovers. Hetty Ugh! ‘Happy Hetty’ - what a was fed up, she really didn't stupid name!

SPARKLER 1 2 You will need: • Chocolate suitable for melting. You Go for it can use white and/or dark chocolate. Go for it • Plain breadsticks. • Colourful sprinkles of any kind. • Bowl and spoon. • Saucepan/microwave to melt the chocolate. Break the chocolate into small NOVEMBER pieces in the bowl. Melt it slowly and carefully over hot water or NIBBLES using a microwave.*** Dip the breadstick in the melted chocolate Here are some ideas for and use a spoon to coat around half of it. some sweet treats to make *** WARNING! Holding it above a plate or bowl, pour the your bonﬁre night party go Adult supervision sprinkles onto the melted chocolate. You with a bang. There are 2 needed as this is hot! can place it on the edge of a bowl to set. different types of snack here, each using melted chocolate and colourful sprinkles to CHOCOLATE APPLES 1 Same method as the Sparkler. Top Tip: You will need: look like ﬁreworks. If you have any melted • Chocolate suitable for melting. You can use chocolate left you can white and/or dark chocolate. 2 add some ‘Rice • Apples. Krispies’ to make little • Wooden skewers or lolly sticks. cakes. • Colourful sprinkles of any kind. • Bowl and spoon. • Saucepan/microwave to melt the chocolate. Stick the wooden skewer through the bottom of the apple (you may need adult help for this). Dip into the melted chocolate and, using a spoon, cover the whole thing with chocolate. Holding it above a plate or bowl, pour the sprinkles onto the melted chocolate. You can place it on baking paper or a plate to set.

3 Literature Craft Television ININ THETHE Music Art LIMELIGHTLIMELIGHT Poetry Author Claire Fayers has won the 2020 Tir STORM na n-Og award for her fantasy adventure story ‘Storm Hound’. HOUND The prize is awarded annually by the Books WINNER OF Council of Wales for books with an THE TIR NA authentic Welsh background. Speaking about her win, Cardiff-based Claire Fayers said: N-OG “I am thrilled to have won this year’s Tir na n-Og English language award. I have been reading books from the Tir na n-Og shortlists for AWARD as long as I can remember. They represent the best of Welsh literature for children and young people, so to actually win is an 2020 immense honour.”

Storm Hound (Macmillan very first hunt he finds he can’t adventure, she soon starts to strong themes of friendship and Children’s Books) tells the story keep up and falls to earth, see that there’s something belonging. The characters were of Storm of Odin, the youngest landing on the A40 just outside different about her beloved dog. wonderfully developed and storm hound of the Wild Hunt Abergavenny. The Chair of the 2020 Tir na presented us with moments of that haunts lightning-filled skies. Enter twelve-year-old Jessica n-Og English-language judging humour and poignancy.” He has longed for the time Price, who finds and adopts a panel, Eleri Twynog Davies, when he will be able to join his cute puppy from an animal said: “Congratulations to Storm brothers and sisters but on his rescue centre. In an electrifying Hound – a magical story, with JOBS AND CAREERS NICOLA MAYSMOR Name: Nicola Maysmor roads and forest roads and contracts ensuring contractors do this work? How would Job Title: Senior Land Officer making sure that certain species carry out tree felling safely. But I you get into a job like this? Management like Rhododendron don’t take love the days when I get to go I studied Arboriculture and over other species. I also work out into the forest and see what Woodland Management at with community groups who use work needs to be done or when I Llysfasi College whilst working the forest estate for projects get to talk to community groups for the Forestry Commission. I such as Men’s Sheds and on site to see what work they also asked colleagues if I could ‘Theatr Dan Coed’ and help local have been doing. ‘shadow’ them (follow them councils and groups and people What are the good things around) at work to see what their who live in the forest. about the job? The area I jobs involved. The main thing is Conservation is also part of my manage is stunning and I feel so to be inspired by the work and I have to make sure lucky to be able to go out and environment and forests and be What does your job that things like harvesting timber manage these forests for future enthusiastic and show a involve? I manage the Welsh don’t have a negative impact on generations. willingness to learn. Government Woodland Estate the area. What things are not so across Gwydir and Coed y Where do you work? I Work good? Currently I’m having to Brenin on behalf of Natural from Gwydir Office, Llanrwst and deal with a lot of fly tipping, Resources Wales. I look after the manage Gwydir Forest, Betws y rubbish and wild campers who overall management of the Coed area and Coed y Brenin have lit fires in the forest, which forest, work includes organising forest near Dolgellau. has a negative impact on the a team and contractors to look Describe a normal day... land and other visitors. after boundary fences and walls, Days vary depending on the Do you need special clearing windblown trees from season, currently I am doing a lot training or qualifications to Public Rights of Way, council of office work, managing

4 Ingredients: Method: PUMPKIN • 1 tablespoon olive oil. Cook the onion in the olive oil until soft, then add • 1 large or 2 small the pumpkin and cook for about 8-10 minutes. SOUP RECIPE onions, ﬁnely chopped. Add the stock, salt and pepper and simmer for Don’t waste the ﬂesh of • Approx. 750g of about 10 minutes until the pumpkin is soft. Add your pumpkin after pumpkin chopped into the cream then puree with a blender. you’ve carved your cubes. • If you like to spice things up then you can add a spooky face for • 700ml of chicken or teaspoon of curry powder or paprika before the Halloween. Here’s a vegetable stock stock. You can also roast the pumpkin seeds recipe for a simple, • 150ml of double cream. and sprinkle them on the top of the soup to tasty pumpkin soup: • Salt and pepper. serve. BRAIN TWISTER

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4 AUTUMN 4

5 CROSSWORD 5

6 7 6 7 Across 1. ‘Mighty oaks from little ______grow.’ (6) 7. A night to see ghosts and witches. (9) 8 8. Fruit of the bramble that could get into a jam. (10) 8 9. Trees or leaves that don’t change colour in autumn. (9) 10. ‘Remember, remember the 5th of ______’ (8)

9 Down: 9 2. These little birds migrate to Africa at this time of year. (8) 3. These grow on a horse-chestnut tree and you can play a game with them. (7) 4. A round, spinning ﬁrework. (9,5) 5. An orange fruit that might scare you. (7) 10 6. The word for what some animals do when they sleep 10 over the winter. (9)

Answers on page 8 for the puzzle. Thanks to Gareth Ff. Roberts You have plenty BONFIRE 2 hats 3 coats 4 scarfs of choice, but how many NIGHT combinations of these items can PUZZLE you have? November the 5th is Bonﬁre Here is one Night, and it can be very cold, example: and you will need to wrap up warmly. You have a choice of:

Dogs need special food. It's Always make sure your dog has WISE WORDS important to give your dog fresh water to drink. FROM AUNTY the correct amount of food. Look at the label to ﬁnd out Make sure your dog has a warm DOT how much food to give your and dry place to sleep. dog. CARING FOR YOUR DOG Sometimes when you take your During the Covid 19 lockdown, Dogs need long walks, and dog out, it might do a poo. You many people got a dog as a pet. plenty of exercise. Keep your must clean after your dog, Most people care well for their dog on a lead when in busy there are special bins for dog places, near roads, and when dogs. Here are a few tips on poo. Don't forget to wash your near farm animals. hands! caring for your dog:

5 What’s a fruit and what’s a vegetable? UNDER THE A vegetable is an edible part of a plant that doesn’t have seeds. If it has seeds, then it’s a fruit. Tomatoes, cucumbers, pumpkins and MICROSCOPE avocados are fruit not veg. All plants, including vegetables, have a FRUITS OF THE HARVEST stem, roots and leaves/flowers. We can eat different parts of vegetable plants: Since it’s harvest season at the moment, how about looking a We eat the roots of potato, carrot and bit closer at fruit and vegetables? turnip plants. We all know that we should eat 5 a day to keep healthy, but why is We eat the stem when we chew on that? What’s so great about fruit and veg? rhubarb, asparagus or celery. Fruit and veg contain vitamins A, B, C and D We eat the leaves of lettuce, spinach and Did you as well as minerals, carbohydrate, and fibre. watercress. know that These are what our bodies need to keep our only 8% of We eat the flowers when we have bones and skin healthy, to keep our organs children broccoli or cauliflower. and digestive system healthy, to keep our aged 11-18 immune systems strong and even to keep our eat their 5 a day? minds and brains at their best. Fab Facts about Fruit... (and veg!) • All oranges are not orange. Some are yellow or green. • If you put electrodes on a lemon it will work as a battery and can light a bulb or power a small motor. • If you eat a LOT of carrots your skin will turn yellow or orange. We should aim to have 1/3 of our diet made up of fruit and • Potatoes were the first veg to be veg. We should also aim to eat a variety of colours, so we grown in space. NASA first grew have different kinds of vitamins and nutrition. Remember them in 1995. that we should aim to ‘eat a rainbow’!

How does it effect you day How did you know you had to day? diabetes? YOU’RE A STAR! I have to check my sugar levels My Mum and Dad took me to GWILYM KING several times a day by pricking see the doctor nine months ago my ﬁnger with a needle and because I was drinking a lot It’s World Diabetes Day on the 14th of November; let’s hear all using a special machine to more water than usual and I was about diabetes from Gwilym, our star for this issue.... check my blood. My parents bursting to go to the toilet all the Name: Gwilym King and I have to work out the time. After having a blood test amount of sugar in everything I the doctor could tell that I had Age: 9 eat and then I inject insulin into diabetes. I had to stay in hospital From: Casllwchwr my leg before eating. for a few days until mum, dad Interests and hobbies: and I had learned to control my Playing football, rugby, playing sugar levels. on the computer, playing with How do you feel about it my friends. now? What do you want to do It was hard at the beginning but when you grow up? now I’ve got used to controlling Play football. my sugar. I can still eat sweet things that I enjoy but I have to How would you explain have an insulin injection ﬁrst. diabetes to other children? My pancreas doesn’t work properly so the sugar level in my blood gets too high. I need medication called insulin to do Sometimes my sugar levels get what my pancreas would low and I feel strange, then I normally do. need to eat something sweet to feel better.

6 TIME B L A C K TIME WHAT? H I S T O R Y TRAVELLINGTRAVELLING W A L E S BLACK HISTORY WALES October is Black History Month, a time to celebrate the contribution black people have made to the economy and culture of Wales over the centuries. It's an opportunity for all in every part of Wales, from every background and race to learn, share experiences and celebrate together. SHIRLEY BASSEY CARDIFF Shirley Bassey is one of Wales's most famous women and was OUR MODERN born in Bute Street, Tiger Bay. CAPITAL When in school, she was told by one of her teachers not to sing, because her voice was too strong! In 1959 she became the first person from Wales to reach No1 in the music 'Charts', a list Nationaal Archief In Wales we take great pride in our capital city. It boasts beautiful of the most popular music at parks and amazing amenities, and a visit to the bay area is a must, the time. Shirley Bassey was with the Millennium Centre as a towering landmark, the Welsh chosen to sing the title music Senedd and Techniquest are both well worth a visit. Cardiff Bay is for three Bond films. seeped in history - up to the middle part of the last century, the docks were a crucial part of the history of Wales. The coal produced in the valley mines was loaded onto ships in the BETTY CAMPBELL dock-yards of Cardiff and exported around the world. At it's height, Another of Tiger Bay's influential women was Betty Campbell, who the coal industry of Wales exported around 9 million tonnes of coal fought tirelessly for the rights of black communities. She was the annually through the dock-yards of Cardiff. A vast workforce was first black woman to become a head-teacher in Wales. When at

needed to do the work, and the Tiger Bay area of the docks school, one of Betty's teachers told her to Image from WalesOnline became a busy, thriving community. forget her dream of becoming a teacher, as a working class, black woman would never CARDIFF DOCKS be accepted. However, she didn't give up, she fought hard and reached her goal. AND TIGER BAY Throughout her life she stood up against The black history of Wales has a long history and Cardiff Bay is of special racism and injustice. A statue of Betty importance. Cardiff has been home to people from different backgrounds, Campbell will be raised as a sign of Wales's culture and countries for centuries, including communities from Norway, gratitude and admiration. For more Somalia, Yemen, Caribbean and Ireland. Cardiff Bay has over the years information: click here to see issue 7 of developed a unique characteristic with it's array of languages, music, food Clic-it Cymru and and culture. This diversity is celebrated throughout Wales. here for more information on the BBC . Life has not always been easy for the black communities of Tiger Bay, and Wales, but communities work hard to overcome ignorance and prejudices. Shirley Bassey and Betty Campbell are two famous women It's a Fact One of the ﬁrst African-Caribbean communities in British Isles from Tiger Bay, who fought hard to overcome unfairness, and reach their settled in Cardiff. dream:

PREVIOUS ARTICLES AND DATES (Issues 1-6 Welsh only) 500: Saint David (Issue 1) 1912: Reaching the South Pole (Issue 6) 1st of November: Calan Gaeaf 1136: Welsh Castles (Issue 3) 1914: Christmas Truce in the World War 1 trenches (Issue 5) Christmas: Christmas Traditions (Issue 11) 1858-1920: Sir O.M.Edwards (Issue 15) 1942-1945: Anne Frank (Issue 9) The power of water (Issue 12) 1859: Royal Charter Disaster (Issue 8) 1948: Establishing the National Health Service (Issue 4) Animal heroes (Issue13) 1867-1934: Marie Curie (Issue 7) 1960s: The Sixties' Revolution (Issue 2) Welsh Health Boards (Issue 14)

7 Wales - land of beaches Many of our beaches have been very busy during the last weeks, TREASURES however there are many secluded and less popular beaches we can visit to get away from the crowds. Here are some of Clic-it-Cymru's favourites:

OF WALES Mwnt Porthor

Wales has been extremely busy over the past weeks © Ken Bagnall with visitors ﬂocking to visit Wales's popular resorts. Wales is popular because of the variety of places to visit. From climbing dramatic mountain ridges to relaxing on a sandy beach - Wales has everything. Did you know that Wales has approximately 2,704 km of coastline? Plenty of coastal paths and beaches to enjoy! September is a good time to go swimming in the sea, as it's the time when the sea is at it's mildest temperature. That's because the water Porth wen, near Cemaes Ynys Môn becomes gradually warmer during the summer months. It will start to cool again once September is over. Porthor near Aberdaron, Gwynedd Remember: • take a grown up with you Llandanwg near Harlech, Gwynedd • take notice of signs and ﬂags that give safety information Warning! The • only swim in safe areas Mwnt near Gwbert, Ceredigion sea can be • don't swim if the waves are rough or stormy. dangerous! Porthsychan near Fishguard, Penbrokeshire

NEW PLAYERS FOR WALES NO TOUR Ryan Giggs, Manager of Wals' national footballteam, has included two young players in his latest squad: FA Wales FOR THOMAS Name: Ben Cabango Name: Neco Shay Williams The Welsh cyclist Geraint Thomas Date of Birth: 30/5/2000 Date of Birth: 13/4/2001

will not be part of Team Ineos Place of Birth: Cardiff FA Wales Place of Birth: Wrexham competing in the Tour de France this Team: Swansea Team: Liverpool year, despite winning the race in Position: Defence Position: Defence 2018. However, fellow Welshman RESULTS Luke Rowe will be part of the team Thursday \ 3 September competing in the famous race ending WELL DONE 0 FINLAND v WALES 1 on the 20th of September. Sunday \ 6 September According to Sir Dave Brailsford, head of WALES! 1 WALES v BULGARIA 0 Wales has now won Team Ineos, Geraint Thomas will be FIXTURES concentrating on trying to win the Giro d’Italia two of their Nations League Thursday \ 8 October \ 20:00 race which will be held from the 3rd to the opening matches. ENGLAND v WALES 25th of October. According to Brailsford: Kieffer Moore scoring the winning goal in Sunday \ 11 October \ 14:00 “No Welshman has © Sion Jones the 1-0 victory over Finland on the 3rd of IRELAND v WALES ever won the Giro – it’s September. Then on the 6th of Wednesday \ 14 October \ 19:45 a big race. He’s won September, Neco Williams, the young BULGARIA v WALES the Tour, if he could defender was the star, reaching the back Sunday \ 15 November \ 17:00 win the Giro as well it of the net with a late goal against WALES v IRELAND would be great.” Bulgaria, securing a 1-0 win. Wonderful Wednesday \ 18 November \ 17:00 Pob lwc in the Giro Wales! WALES v FINLAND

then Geraint!

Down: 2. Swallows, 3. Conkers, 4. Catherine Wheel, 5. Pumpkin, 6. Hibernate. 6. Pumpkin, 5. Wheel, Catherine 4. Conkers, 3. Swallows, 2. Down:

Crossword answers: answers: Crossword Across: 1. Acorns, 7. Halloween, 8. Blackberry, 9. Evergreen, 10. November. November. 10. Evergreen, 9. Blackberry, 8. Halloween, 7. Acorns, 1. Across:

: answers Puzzle Night Bonﬁre There are 24 possible combinations (2 x 3 x 4) x 3 x (2 combinations possible 24 are There

Two issues of Clic-it Cymru will appear on Hwb each term. The next issue will be available on Monday the 16th of November. Remember to contact us by emailing [email protected] - we will be delighted to hear your ideas and opinions. 8