DOCSLIB.ORG

Hazariah Mohd Noh Bsc in Aircraft Maintenance Engineering Technology Msc in Aeronautics Engineering

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hazariah Mohd Noh Bsc in Aircraft Maintenance Engineering Technology Msc in Aeronautics Engineering UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS AERONÁUTICOS Investigation on the applicability of biofuels in the operation of commercial aircraft Tesis Doctoral Hazariah Mohd Noh Bsc in Aircraft Maintenance Engineering Technology Msc in Aeronautics Engineering Madrid, July 2016 DEPARTAMENTO DE SISTEMAS AEROESPACIALES, TRANSPORTE AÉREO Y AEROPUERTOS ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS AERONÁUTICOS Investigation on the applicability of biofuels in the operation of commercial aircraft Ph.D. Thesis Dissertation Hazariah Mohd Noh Bsc in Aircraft Maintenance Engineering Technology Msc in Aeronautics Engineering Director: Gustavo Alonso Rodrigo Doctor Ingeniero Aeronáutico Madrid, July 2016 Tribunal nombrado por el Sr. Rector Magfco. de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, el día...............de.............................de 20.... Presidente: Vocal: Vocal: Vocal: Secretario: Suplente: Suplente: Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de la Tesis el día..........de........................de 20 ... en la E.T.S.I. /Facultad.................................................... Calificación .................................................. EL PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EL SECRETARIO i | P a g e INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK ii | P a g e Acknowledgement First and foremost, I am grateful to the mighty of Allah for enabling me to complete this Ph.D. journey. It would not have been possible to be writing without the help and support of the kind of people around me, especially to my supervisor, Professor Dr Gustavo Alonso Rodrigo for his continues support and encouragement. I offer my sincere appreciation for the learning opportunities provided where there’s no single negative feedback in every appointment and meeting. With his positive ‘aura’ and advice that keep me move on until now. Above all, I would like to thank my husband Muhamed Roihan Yusoff, for his personal support and sacrifices. His great patience and love at all the time have made my journey complete, which my sheer expression of thanks does not suffice. To my both princesses Haaniyah and Ameena, you both might not understand now, but thank you for the cuddly and kisses when I need it most. A simple gesture like running and hugging once I came back from the University such a sweet honey added to my tea. My parents Haji Mohd Noh and Hajjah Bibah Uyub, my siblings, Along Hariati, Angah Hairanni, Abg teh Hazrul Hafizi and my little brother Hazizul Hanafi, brothers and sisters in law, for unequivocal support throughout. I will never forget how supportive they are in giving me the moral support and unconditional love. My late mothers in law passed away in my first year of the Ph.D. journey. Her support and warm thought and love will always be with me, her courage raising her eight children all by herself is always be my idol, on how strong she is. “Birds don’t just fly; they fall down and get up. Nobody learns without getting it wrong.” May Allah bless her soul, Amen. My deepest appreciation goes to Professor Angel Alvarez Rodriguez & wife, who is helping us lots with many things, academic and personnel. The kids will always remember you as professor grandpa. Not to forget, my mentor that always keep me stronger with all his motivation advise Professor Haji Ahmad Zahir. Thank you to UniKL/MIAT for supporting my family and me to be here, financial and continuous support. iii | P a g e Appreciation also goes to Professor Arturo Benito in guiding me since my first master in the year of 2009 where his advice and unsurpassed knowledge in the field of air transportation and the environment. I am also indebted to all professors in air transportation department and not to forget Mamen and friends whose always be my ‘unofficial Spanish teacher.' I am glad I know all of you. I would like to express my appreciation to Airlines Systems, a technical service department, record technical department, and mostly personnel in engineering and maintenance. More than 50 peoples if need to mentioned all. All the contribution, advice, knowledge, leads me to find the light for my Ph.D. I would like to acknowledge, Alberto Blanch and friends From SENASA under project ITAKA. Even though my contribution is very little, but my experiences lead to enhancing my journey. I also would like to acknowledge my friends who are like my family here in Madrid, Judy & Julien, Sujith & Ramy, Adeel & Saba, Bayajid & Marina, Gowtham & Yaimini, Nages, Enian, Larry, Lu Yin, Shah & Imran, Fatema, Fatin, Ammar, Joaquin, and to my Clinic colleague in Malaysia Dr. Sue, Dr. Mulia, Dr. Husri, Dr. Nurul, Dr. Ley, Dr. Shahrul, Dr. Aida, Dr. Yatie, Emma to only some of whom it is possible to give a particular mention here. Also to Belqis & family for offering a friendship that, will last forever. Finally, I cannot express enough thanks to Maria Secretariat postgrados ETSIA, Arancha Lauder & Carmen from International office for their patience in entertaining all questions. I wish everybody all happiness and hope the friendship will not end here. España siempre estará en mi corazón. iv | P a g e Dedication to; My husband Roihan and my princesses; Haani & Ameena I love you to the moon and back…… v | P a g e Table of Contents Acknowledgement ................................................................................................................................ iii Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................... vi List of figures ......................................................................................................................................... xv List of Tables ....................................................................................................................................... xviii Appendices .............................................................................................................................................xx Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................ xxi INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ....................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Problem statement ........................................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Objectives of the study ..................................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Research question ........................................................................................................................... 10 1.5 Significances of the Study ............................................................................................................... 10 1.6 Limitation ........................................................................................................................................ 11 1.7 Thesis Structure .............................................................................................................................. 11 1.8 Conclusion for Chapter 1 ................................................................................................................ 13 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................................. 16 2.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 16 2.1 Reviews from Reports and Documentations .................................................................................. 16 2.2 Aviation Biofuel and IATA’s Four Pillar Strategy ............................................................................. 18 2.3 Background EU legislation on biofuels ............................................................................................ 23 2.4 Biofuel flight test and schedule from 2009 until May 2016 ........................................................... 27 2.5 Current energy used in aircraft engine ........................................................................................... 32 2.6 Aviation drop in biofuel - Requirements ......................................................................................... 40 2.7 Aviation and Environment .............................................................................................................. 44 2.8 Fuel Revolution ............................................................................................................................... 49 2.8.1 Biojet fuel overview- Biofuel generation ..................................................................................... 51 2.8.2 Conventional fuel-First generation .............................................................................................. 52 2.8.3 Advanced Biofuels ........................................................................................................................ 53 2.8.4 Short and long terms feedstock ................................................................................................... 54 2.8.5 Biofuel process methods .............................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory Numbers Are Total Active Inventory figures As of Sept
    Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory numbers are total active inventory figures as of Sept. 30, 2014. By Aaron M. U. Church, Associate Editor I 2015 USAF Almanac BOMBER AIRCRAFT flight controls actuate trailing edge surfaces that combine aileron, elevator, and rudder functions. New EHF satcom and high-speed computer upgrade B-1 Lancer recently entered full production. Both are part of the Defensive Management Brief: A long-range bomber capable of penetrating enemy defenses and System-Modernization (DMS-M). Efforts are underway to develop a new VLF delivering the largest weapon load of any aircraft in the inventory. receiver for alternative comms. Weapons integration includes the improved COMMENTARY GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator and JASSM-ER and future weapons The B-1A was initially proposed as replacement for the B-52, and four pro- such as GBU-53 SDB II, GBU-56 Laser JDAM, JDAM-5000, and LRSO. Flex- totypes were developed and tested in 1970s before program cancellation in ible Strike Package mods will feed GPS data to the weapons bays to allow 1977. The program was revived in 1981 as B-1B. The vastly upgraded aircraft weapons to be guided before release, to thwart jamming. It also will move added 74,000 lb of usable payload, improved radar, and reduced radar cross stores management to a new integrated processor. Phase 2 will allow nuclear section, but cut maximum speed to Mach 1.2. The B-1B first saw combat in and conventional weapons to be carried simultaneously to increase flexibility. Iraq during Desert Fox in December 1998.
    [Show full text]
  • Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory Numbers Are Total Active Inventory Figures As of Sept
    Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory numbers are total active inventory figures as of Sept. 30, 2011. ■ 2012 USAF Almanac Bombers B-1 Lancer Brief: A long-range, air refuelable multirole bomber capable of flying intercontinental missions and penetrating enemy defenses with the largest payload of guided and unguided weapons in the Air Force inventory. Function: Long-range conventional bomber. Operator: ACC, AFMC. First Flight: Dec. 23, 1974 (B-1A); Oct. 18, 1984 (B-1B). Delivered: June 1985-May 1988. IOC: Oct. 1, 1986, Dyess AFB, Tex. (B-1B). Production: 104. Inventory: 66. Aircraft Location: Dyess AFB, Tex.; Edwards AFB, Calif.; Eglin AFB, Fla.; Ellsworth AFB, S.D. Contractor: Boeing, AIL Systems, General Electric. Power Plant: four General Electric F101-GE-102 turbofans, each 30,780 lb thrust. Accommodation: pilot, copilot, and two WSOs (offensive and defensive), on zero/zero ACES II ejection seats. Dimensions: span 137 ft (spread forward) to 79 ft (swept aft), length 146 ft, height 34 ft. B-1B Lancer (SSgt. Brian Ferguson) Weight: max T-O 477,000 lb. Ceiling: more than 30,000 ft. carriage, improved onboard computers, improved B-2 Spirit Performance: speed 900+ mph at S-L, range communications. Sniper targeting pod added in Brief: Stealthy, long-range multirole bomber that intercontinental. mid-2008. Receiving Fully Integrated Data Link can deliver nuclear and conventional munitions Armament: three internal weapons bays capable of (FIDL) upgrade to include Link 16 and Joint Range anywhere on the globe. accommodating a wide range of weapons incl up to Extension data link, enabling permanent LOS and Function: Long-range heavy bomber.
    [Show full text]
  • EASA AD No.: 2018-0211
    EASA AD No.: 2018-0211 Airworthiness Directive AD No.: 2018-0211 Issued: 28 September 2018 Note: This Airworthiness Directive (AD) is issued by EASA, acting in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 on behalf of the European Union, its Member States and of the European third countries that participate in the activities of EASA under Article 129 of that Regulation. This AD is issued in accordance with Regulation (EU) 748/2012, Part 21.A.3B. In accordance with Regulation (EU) 1321/2014 Annex I, Part M.A.301, the continuing airworthiness of an aircraft shall be ensured by accomplishing any applicable ADs. Consequently, no person may operate an aircraft to which an AD applies, except in accordance with the requirements of that AD, unless otherwise specified by the Agency [Regulation (EU) 1321/2014 Annex I, Part M.A.303] or agreed with the Authority of the State of Registry [Regulation (EU) 2018/1139, Article 71 exemption]. Design Approval Holder’s Name: Type/Model designation(s): CFM INTERNATIONAL S.A. CFM56-7B engines Effective Date: 05 October 2018 TCDS Number(s): EASA.E.004 Foreign AD: Not applicable Supersedure: This AD supersedes EASA AD 2018-0109 dated 17 May 2018. ATA 72 – Engine – Fan Blades – Inspection Manufacturer(s): SAFRAN Aircraft Engines, formerly SNECMA (France); General Electric Aircraft Engines (United States) Applicability: CFM56-7B20, CFM56-7B22, CFM56-7B22/B1, CFM56-7B24, CFM56-7B24/B1, CFM56-7B26, CFM56-7B26/B1, CFM56-7B26/B2, CFM56-7B27, CFM56-7B27/B1, CFM56-7B27/B3, CFM56-7B20/2, CFM56-7B22/2, CFM56-7B24/2, CFM56-7B26/2,
    [Show full text]
  • Canada Aviation and Space Museum
    CANADA AVIATION AND SPACE MUSEUM BOEING MODEL 720B PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA FLYING EXPERIMENTAL TEST BED REGISTRATION C-FETB Introduction The practical era of jet-age passenger transport aircraft officially dawned when the British de Havilland Company D.H.106 Comet made its premiere flight to great acclaim from the Hatfield, Hertfordshire aerodrome in England on 27 July 1949. Catering to British and mid to long-range routes to European, Middle Eastern and overseas destinations, the Comet series of airliners carried their passengers aloft in luxurious opulence for more than twenty years. Military and test derivatives followed suit and these continued flying for many decades, including two Comets for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Just 14 days later, across the vast Atlantic Ocean, in the small town of Malton, Ontario, Canada, a new aviation company called Avro Canada successfully accomplished the same task with much less fanfare and accolades. Avro sent its small, medium-range, turbo-jet transport, called the C-102 Jetliner, aloft for its first flight, inaugurating the dreamed potential for such a unique travel experience for the public on the North American continent. United States Air Force personnel found the aircraft favourable when they tried it out on flights at Wright Field, Ohio in March 1951. However, this Canadian dream didn’t last for long. The modestly successful Comet-series didn’t shine as brightly as its popular name when a series of tragic, fatal accidents to production civil aircraft nearly snuffed out its very existence. Following design rectification’s, the Royal Air Force continued to employ Comets in versatile roles, such as modifying the design into the Nimrod.
    [Show full text]
  • Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně
    VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V BRNĚ BRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FAKULTA STROJNÍHO INŽENÝRSTVÍ ÚSTAV AUTOMOBILNÍHO A DOPRAVNÍHO INZENYRSTVÍ FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING ZLEPSOVANI BRAYTONOVA OBEHU LETECKYCH PLYNOVYCH TURBIN Improving of Brayton Cycle For Aero Gas Engine BAKALÁŘSKÁ PRÁCE BACHELOR´S THESIS AUTOR PRÁCE RODRIGO ACEVEDO AUTHOR VEDOUCÍ PRÁCE ING. MIROSLAV ŠPLÍCHAL SUPERVISOR BRNO 2012 1 Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta strojního inženýrství Ústav automobilního a dopravního inženýrství Akademický rok: 2011/2012 ZADÁNÍ BAKALÁŘSKÉ PRÁCE student(ka): Rodrigo Acevedo který/která studuje v bakalářském studijním programu obor: Stavba strojů a zařízení (2302R016) Ředitel ústavu Vám v souladu se zákonem č.111/1998 o vysokých školách a se Studijním a zkušebním řádem VUT v Brně určuje následující téma bakalářské práce: Zlepšování Braytonova oběhu leteckých plynových turbín v anglickém jazyce: Improving of Brayton cycle for aero gas turbine Stručná charakteristika problematiky úkolu: Popsat ideální a skutečný oběh leteckých plynových turbín. Rozbor vlivu zařazení mezistupňového chlazení a regenerace. Popis realizace zlepšení parametrů oběhu u leteckých turbín. Cíle bakalářské práce: Rešerše parametrů oběhu aktuálně používaných leteckých plynových turbín. Rozbor termické účinnosti oběhu leteckých plynových turbín a návrh možných zlepšení. 2 Seznam odborné literatury: OTT, Adolf. Pohon letadel. první. Brno : Nakladatelství Vysokého učení technického v Brně, 1993. 168 s. ISBN 80-214-0522-8. ADAMEC, Josef; KOCÁB, Jindřich. Letadlové motory. Vyd. 2. Praha : Corona, 2008. ISBN 978-808-6116-549 WARD, Thomas A.; Aerospace propulsion systems, Sinagaporse : John Wiley & Sons, 2010, ISBN 978-0-470-82497-9 Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Ing. Miroslav Šplíchal Termín odevzdání bakalářské práce je stanoven časovým plánem akademického roku 2011/2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Japanese Innovation Finally Takes
    ISSN 1718-7966 NOvEMbER 16, 2015/ vOL. 516 WEEKLY AVIATION HEADLINES Read by thousands of aviation professionals and technical decision-makers every week www.avitrader.com WORLD NEWS Emirates opens new freighter facility Emirates SkyCargo’s state-of-the-art cargo terminal at the Logistics District in Dubai South was officially inaugu- rated. Named Emirates SkyCentral, the cargo facility is the home of Emir- ates SkyCargo’s fleet of 15 freighter aircraft, and was officially opened on the side lines of the Dubai Air Show. The event was attended by a number of dignitaries, including members of Dubai’s Executive Council, represent- atives from various local authorities, members of Emirates’ senior man- agement, as well as local and interna- The first MRJ on test flight tional media. from Nagoya. Photo: Ethiopian Door Trainers pass Mitusbishi test Aircraft Corporation UK based EDM, a global provider of training simulators to the civil avia- tion and defence sectors, announced Japanese innovation finally takes off that the A350 and b767 Door Train- As MRJ90 completes first test flight ers it supplied to Ethiopian Airlines have passed their Site Acceptance Japanese ambition to become a Corporation. “We will make our second quarter of 2017. The flight Test (SAT). EDM manufactured the two Door Trainers for Ethiopian Air- world player in aircraft manufac- utmost efforts towards type certifi- tests in the US are scheduled to lines as part of a major contract to turing took a step closer after the cate acquisition, committing all our start in the second quarter of 2016, supply a comprehensive range of first Mitsubishi Regional Jet (MRJ) resources to develop and produce from the MRJ base at Grant County state-of-the-art cabin crew training took off for the first time in Nagoya, the finest regional jet aircraft to en- International Airport at Moses Lake equipment.
    [Show full text]
  • Technology Transfers in Commercial Aircraft Support Systems Contents
    CHAPTER 7 Technology Transfers in Commercial Aircraft Support Systems Contents Page INTRODUCTION . 247 COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT SUPPORT SYSTEMS IN THE MIDDLE EAST. 249 Commercial Aircraft Support Systems . 249 Commercial Aircraft Support Systems in the Middle East: Current Status . 251 Perspectives of Recipient Countries and Firms . 261 Perspectives of Supplier Countries and Firms . 275 Future Prospects . 291 IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. POLICY.. 292 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS . 293 APPENDIX 7A: COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT SUPPORT SYSTEMS: SELECTED RECENT CONTRACTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST . 296 Tables Table No. Page 62. operating and Performance Statistics of Selected Airlines for 1982 . 253 63. Employee Totals for Representative Airlines, 1982 . 253 64. Airport Traffic Statistics for Representative Airports . 254 65. Commercial Airline Fleets in the Middle East in Servicers of March 1984 . 256 66. U.S. Exports of Commercial Transport Aircraft . 277 67. Typical Configurations and Purchase Prices of Various Competing Aircraft . 278 68. Ten Leading U.S. Exporting Companies. 280 69. Export-Import Bank Total Authorizations of Loans and Guarantees and Authorizations in Support of Aircraft Exports . 282 70. Export-Import Bank Summary of Commercial Jet Aircraft Authorizations for Loans and Guarantees . 283 7A-1. Selected Recent Commercial Aircraft Support Systems Contracts in Saudi Arabia . 296 7A-2. Major Projects and Sources of Investment, 1971-81: Commercial Aircraft Support in Egypt. 297 7A-3. Major Projects: Civil Aviation in Algeria, 1979-82 . 297 7A-4. Selected Recent Commercial Aircraft Support Systems Contracts in Iraq . 298 7A-5. Selected Commercial Aircraft Support Systems Contracts in Iran ....,... 299 Figure Figure No. Page 14. Aerospace Industry Funds for Research and Development .
    [Show full text]
  • The Market for Aviation Turbofan Engines
    The Market for Aviation Turbofan Engines Product Code #F640 A Special Focused Market Segment Analysis by: Aviation Gas Turbine Forecast Analysis 1 The Market for Aviation Turbofan Engines 2010-2019 Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................................2 Introduction................................................................................................................................................................2 Trends..........................................................................................................................................................................3 Market Focus .............................................................................................................................................................3 Competitive Environment.......................................................................................................................................4 Figure 1 - The Market for Aviation Turbofan Engines Unit Production 2010 - 2019 (Bar Graph) .................................................................................6 Figure 2 - The Market for Aviation Turbofan Engines Value of Production 2010 - 2019 (Bar Graph)...........................................................................6 Manufacturers Review.............................................................................................................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • Experience of the Boeing 737
    DOTIFAAICT-91I32 Engine Bird Ingestion FAA Technical Center Atlantic City International Airport N.J. 08405 Experience of the Boeing 737 This document is available to the U.S. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration This document is disseminat ?d under the sponsorship of the U .S. Department of ~rans$Urtationin the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for the cor,~entsor use thereof. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or mariufacturers' names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the objective of this report. Technical Report Documentation Page -----.--- -----.--- -- 1. Report No. ~~r(..sCotolos No. DOT/FAA/CT--91132 - - 4. Tttle ond Subtatle THE ENGINE BIRD INGESTION EXPERIENCE OF THE BOEING-737 -July 1992 -. -- -- iIRCRAFT -- EXPANDED DATA BASE (October 1986 - September 6 PorformfingOrpontzot~on Code 1989) -------. Periorm*ng Orgon~xot~onReport NO -- p----.----7 8. 7 Author's) i Peter W. Hovey, Donald A. Skinn, and Joseph J. Wilson* I UDR-TR-91-125 --- I 9. Perforrn~naOram~xot~en Name ond Address 1 10 Work Un~tNo (TRAIS) University of Dayton Research Institute - Structural Integrity Division 11 Contract or Gront No. 300 College Park (JPC 201) DTFA03-88-C-00024 Dayton, OH 45469-0120 -) 13.Final Type ofReport: Report ond P-r80dMediumILarge Covered 12. soon so ran^ Agency Nomo ond Address I=-- U.S. Department of Transportation Inlet Area Engines Federal Aviation Administration -- -- Technical Center Atlanric Ciry International Airport, NJ 08405 ACD-210 - - L-- - - 15 Supplsrnent~r~Not*s WOTR: Joseph J. Wilson; Project Manager: Bruce C.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of U.S. Commercial Domestic Aircraft Operations from 1991 to 2010
    THE EVOLUTION OF U.S. COMMERCIAL DOMESTIC AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS FROM 1991 TO 2010 by MASSACHUSETTS INSTME OF TECHNOLOGY ALEXANDER ANDREW WULZ UL02 1 B.S., Aerospace Engineering University of Notre Dame (2008) Submitted to the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics in PartialFulfillment of the Requirementsfor the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 2012 0 2012 Alexander Andrew Wulz. All rights reserved. .The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. Signature of Author ..................................................................... .. ...................... Department of Aeronautr and Astronautics n n May 11, 2012 Certified by ............................................................................ Peter P. Belobaba Principle Research Scientist of Aeronautics and Astronautics / Thesis Supervisor A ccepted by ................................................................... Eytan H. Modiano Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics Chair, Graduate Program Committee 1 PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 2 THE EVOLUTION OF U.S. COMMERCIAL DOMESTIC AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS FROM 1991 TO 2010 by ALEXANDER ANDREW WULZ Submitted to the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics on May 11, 2012 in PartialFulfillment of the Requirementsfor the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS ABSTRACT The main objective of this thesis is to explore the evolution of U.S. commercial domestic aircraft operations from 1991 to 2010 and describe the implications for future U.S. commercial domestic fleets. Using data collected from the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, we analyze 110 different aircraft types from 145 airlines operating U.S. commercial domestic service between 1991 and 2010. We classify the aircraft analyzed into four categories: turboprop, regional jet, narrow-body, and wide-body.
    [Show full text]
  • AIN 2014 Product Support Survey
    required tooling and material to to shape connectivity solutions. reliability challenge. Honeywell 2014 Engine rescue an AOG,” the company “When these pilot advisors on has had success in these types Survey Rules told AIN. our Global Customer Committee of location with hydrodynamic Manufacturer Ratings (GCC) told us they needed bet- carbon seal designs and has & Methodology Overall Overall Overall Williams International ter access to Honeywell’s techni- recently introduced them to Average Average Average As with AIN Publications’ previ- “We have been focusing on cal resources, we responded. The the TFE731-20/40/50/60 acces- 2014 2013 2013-2014 ous annual Product Support Surveys, ensuring owners have no worries new Honeywell Pilot Gateway sory gearboxes.” Turbofan the objective this year was to obtain when operating our engines.” To (http://pilots.honeywell.com) Honeywell has drawn on from the users of business jets, accomplish this, Williams intro- is a one-stop shop for our techni- human-factor design principles Rolls-Royce 8.0 7.8 0.2 turboprop airplanes and turbine- duced “significant enhancements cal publications, pilot guides and to reduce the number of tools Williams 8.0 8.1 -0.1 powered helicopters statistically to our Total Assurance Program familiarization videos, all orga- required to perform mainte- Honeywell 7.9 7.8 0.1 valid information about the product (TAP). We created TAP Blue, nized by aircraft make, model nance tasks on the HTF7000. CFE 7.6 7.3 0.3 support provided by engine manu- which provides an unlimited- and system type.” The tool also Historically, more than 30 dif- GE 7.6 7.9 -0.3 facturers over the last year and to duration warranty with coverage allows pilots to provide feed- ferent hand tools were required P&WC 7.6 7.7 -0.1 report this information to our read- beyond that offered anywhere back, report technical problems to perform maintenance tasks Turboprops ers.
    [Show full text]
  • Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory Numbers Are Total Active Inventory Figures As of Sept
    Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory numbers are total active inventory figures as of Sept. 30, 2015. By Aaron M. U. Church, Senior Editor ■ 2016 USAF Almanac BOMBER AIRCRAFT B-1 Lancer Brief: Long-range bomber capable of penetrating enemy defenses and de- livering the largest weapon load of any aircraft in the inventory. COMMENTARY The B-1A was initially proposed as replacement for the B-52, and four proto- types were developed and tested before program cancellation in 1977. The program was revived in 1981 as B-1B. The vastly upgraded aircraft added 74,000 lb of usable payload, improved radar, and reduced radar cross section, but cut maximum speed to Mach 1.2. The B-1B first saw combat in Iraq during Desert Fox in December 1998. Its three internal weapons bays accommodate a substantial payload of weapons, including a mix of different weapons in each bay. Lancer production totaled 100 aircraft. The bomber’s blended wing/ body configuration, variable-geometry design, and turbofan engines provide long range and loiter time. The B-1B has been upgraded with GPS, smart weapons, and mission systems. Offensive avionics include SAR for tracking, B-2A Spirit (SSgt. Jeremy M. Wilson) targeting, and engaging moving vehicles and terrain following. GPS-aided INS lets aircrews autonomously navigate without ground-based navigation aids Dimensions: Span 137 ft (spread forward) to 79 ft (swept aft), length 146 and precisely engage targets. Sniper pod was added in 2008. The ongoing ft, height 34 ft. integrated battle station modifications is the most comprehensive refresh in Weight: Max T-O 477,000 lb.
    [Show full text]