14 TRIUMF Financial Report 2006-2007 sn lw nry in. r Michael Dr. pions. energy low using group was on UVicthe “other side” of the the cyclotron, of focus second The 500 to MeV. up (seeFig.1) energies kinetic for shifts in 1983 established unambiguous phase measurements dependent published by the BASQUE spin collaboration and sections cross Nucleon-nucleon load. heat deposited large a intense and environment and beams while surviving the high-radiation neutrons unpolarized intermediate energy neutron polarized producing of capable target beams. liquid deuterium a contributed proton group UVic The polarized record intensity produce to protons polarized collaboration This UK. used TRIUMF’saccelerate to cyclotron the in College Bedford and Harwell, the University of Surrey, Queen Mary College AERE and (UBC) Columbia British of University the Victoria, of University the among collaboration a was Hall, Proton TRIUMF new then the in experiment first high- and technologies performance computing. The BASQUE experiment, instrumentation the its in the latest including features, unique TRIUMF’s and scope exploit planning to international of began experiments group physics UVicbuilding the in scientists As the initial construction work at TRIUMF proceeded, magnet werealsodoneat Victoria. theM8 of medical channel and the first design of Thedesign the M11 septum UVic. from input significant with important developed was TRIUMF, an of component research now are that studies science materials and molecular the initiated which line, beam muon M9 the TRIUMF, Vancouver. At to transported then and Victoria in constructed and designed both were dump beam temporary first the as well as meson target original production The optics. line beam design TRIUMF’s the of for responsibility took UVic at team The a became founding memberofthe TRIUMF jointventure. UVic 1968, in and laboratory, accelerator an for proposal a writing began they later, years Two physicists. nuclear hiring began in Department the UVic 1963, of founding the after Shortly collaboration. T A Productive Collaboration: by RichardKeeler share a common history and and a long and Physics productive Victoria(UVic)of University the of at Astronomy Department the and RIUMF Fig. 1:Aligning theBasqueexperimentbeam line. TRIUMF & The University of Victoria esrmns f in ea mds o establish to modes decay stringent limits on lepton precision universality, pion a key component of make measurements chambers to (TPC) projection time operating first world’s the of UVicthe with one built group, TRIUMF, 1980s, early the In towards particlephysics. the group UVic the of focus main changed appointment His Physics. of Chair Pearce the of holder first the became and, in 1983, Dr. Alan Astbury memory his in professorship named a created University The him. knew who those to loss personal sad a and work was this to death blow severe a untimely His physics. X-ray muonic and mesic of program productive a led and started Pearce Ko Fcoy lnAtuy a te an Factory Kaon the was Astbury Alan Factory. Kaon a building proposed TRIUMF 1985, in later, years Two catalyzed muon fusion. in involved interactions and atomic molecular complex and subtle the second unraveled A group effects. interaction strong and radiative corrections ratios, branching of calculations as well as Physics Modern of in published was article review important an 1983, In data. high-precision new the understand to needed correction the calculating in involved actively also was collaboration The theory. particle modern of 5:12) n obe ea decay beta double on (50:11-21) Dr. MichaelPearce The Review The the mechanical design of the liquid argon calorimeter argon liquid the of design mechanical the for responsible were Victoria Accelerator and TRIUMF Linear (SLAC). Stanford the at experiment SLD the Victoriajoined of University the 1980s, late the In to Kamioka(T2K)neutrino experiment. Dr. Dean Karlen, is playing a leading role with the Tokai interesting coincidence an that is the present It Pearce Japan. proposed Professor Tokaiof Physics, in was built being Factory is and Kaon TRIUMF the as goals same the of many with project Ultimately,a neutrinos. two and pion charged a into kaon charged a of decay rare ultra the of observation the in used beam kaon the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) that enhanced the targetthe for Victorianew a designed targetsgroup and USA, the in Laboratory National Brookhaven the and Victoria TRIUMF scientists began of work on rare kaon physics at University partners lost. the completely of not one was as UVic and TRIUMF by done work innovative the but be, to not The was Factory components. Kaon design critical several in involved became UVic group the Director, and Study Definition Fig. 2:RearviewofATLAS HadronicEndCap. violation inB mesons. CP of TRIUMF. discovery the in at instrumental was detector assembled The was experiment BaBar of heart the the at chamber drift large the when 1997 in again stage international the on was expertise detector TRIUMF-UVic’slifetimes. lepton tau and meson B of vertex detector that led to micro- the silicon world’s advanced best an measurements building and designing in collaboration at CERN, where they played a leading role In 1991, TRIUMF and UVic scientists joined the OPAL Francisco earthquake. theSLD to San 1989 destructive hugely the of result a as detector occurring from damage significant any prevented and predicted as worked actually snubbers the TRIUMF-UVicthat the group of advanced skills engineering the to credit textbook a is It a means. any not by problem supersonic; liquid was hydraulic and phase the changed operation, In snubbers. called protection, earthquake testing and designing involved at TRIUMF.built were Aproject engineering nice very section electromagnetic the of modules the of half and TRIUMF

15 www.triumf.ca 14 TRIUMF Financial Report 2006-2007 sn lw nry in. r Michael Dr. pions. energy low using group was on UVicthe “other side” of the the cyclotron, of focus second The 500 to MeV. up (seeFig.1) energies kinetic for shifts in 1983 established unambiguous phase measurements dependent published by the BASQUE spin collaboration and sections cross Nucleon-nucleon load. heat deposited large a intense and environment and beams while surviving the high-radiation neutrons unpolarized intermediate energy neutron polarized producing of capable target beams. liquid deuterium a contributed proton group UVic The polarized record intensity produce to protons polarized collaboration This UK. used TRIUMF’saccelerate to cyclotron the in College Bedford and Harwell, the University of Surrey, Queen Mary College AERE and (UBC) Columbia British of University the Victoria, of University the among collaboration a was Hall, Proton TRIUMF new then the in experiment first high- and technologies performance computing. The BASQUE experiment, instrumentation the its in the latest including features, unique TRIUMF’s and scope exploit planning to international of began experiments group physics UVicbuilding the in scientists As the initial construction work at TRIUMF proceeded, magnet werealsodoneat Victoria. theM8 of medical channel and the first design of Thedesign the M11 septum UVic. from input significant with important developed was TRIUMF, an of component research now are that studies science materials and molecular the initiated which line, beam muon M9 the TRIUMF, Vancouver. At to transported then and Victoria in constructed and designed both were dump beam temporary first the as well as meson target original production The optics. line beam design TRIUMF’s the of for responsibility took UVic at team The a became founding memberofthe TRIUMF jointventure. UVic 1968, in and laboratory, accelerator an for proposal a writing began they later, years Two physicists. nuclear hiring began in Department the UVic 1963, of founding the after Shortly collaboration. T A Productive Collaboration: by RichardKeeler share a common history and and a long and Physics productive Victoria(UVic)of University the of at Astronomy Department the and RIUMF Fig. 1:Aligning theBasqueexperimentbeam line. TRIUMF & The University of Victoria Ko Fcoy lnAtuy a te an Factory Kaon the was Astbury Alan Factory. Kaon a building proposed TRIUMF 1985, in later, years Two catalyzed muon fusion. in involved interactions and atomic molecular complex and subtle the second unraveled A group effects. interaction strong and radiative corrections ratios, branching of calculations as well as Physics Modern of in published was article review important an 1983, In data. high-precision new the understand to needed correction the calculating in involved actively also establish was collaboration The theory. particle to modern of modes decay stringent limits on lepton precision universality, pion a key component of make measurements chambers to (TPC) projection time operating first world’s the of UVicthe with one built group, TRIUMF, 1980s, early the In towards particlephysics. the group UVic the of focus main changed appointment His Physics. of Chair Pearce the of holder first the became and, in 1983, Dr. Alan Astbury memory his in professorship named a created University The him. knew who those to loss personal sad a and work was this to death blow severe a untimely His physics. X-ray muonic and mesic of program productive a led and started Pearce 5:12) n obe ea decay beta double on (50:11-21) Dr. MichaelPearce The Review The the mechanical design of the liquid argon calorimeter argon liquid the of design mechanical the for responsible were Victoria Accelerator and TRIUMF Linear (SLAC). Stanford the at experiment SLD the Victoriajoined of University the 1980s, late the In to Kamioka(T2K)neutrino experiment. Dr. Dean Karlen, is playing a leading role with the Tokai interesting coincidence an that is the present It Pearce Japan. proposed Professor Tokaiof Physics, in was built being Factory is and Kaon TRIUMF the as goals same the of many with project Ultimately,a neutrinos. two and pion charged a into kaon charged a of decay rare ultra the of observation the in used beam kaon the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) that enhanced the targetthe for Victorianew a designed targetsgroup and USA, the in Laboratory National Brookhaven the and Victoria TRIUMF scientists began of work on rare kaon physics at University partners lost. the completely of not one was as UVic and TRIUMF by done work innovative the but be, to not The was Factory components. Kaon design critical several in involved became UVic group the Director, and Study Definition Fig. 2:RearviewofATLAS HadronicEndCap. violation inB mesons. CP of TRIUMF. discovery the in at instrumental was detector assembled The was experiment BaBar of heart the the at chamber drift large the when 1997 in again stage international the on was expertise detector TRIUMF-UVic’slifetimes. lepton tau and meson B of vertex detector that led to micro- the silicon world’s advanced best an measurements building and designing in collaboration at CERN, where they played a leading role In 1991, TRIUMF and UVic scientists joined the OPAL Francisco earthquake. theSLD to San 1989 destructive hugely the of result a as detector occurring from damage significant any prevented and predicted as worked actually snubbers the TRIUMF-UVicthat the group of advanced skills engineering the to credit textbook a is It a means. any not by problem supersonic; liquid was hydraulic and phase the changed operation, In snubbers. called protection, earthquake testing and designing involved at TRIUMF.built were Aproject engineering nice very section electromagnetic the of modules the of half and TRIUMF

15 www.triumf.ca 16 TRIUMF Financial Report 2006-2007 up oue a dsge b te itra target Victoria the by group. designed was module dump beam the and Victoria, in done were target ISAC the for calculations thermal initial The (ISAC). accelerator and separator isotope powerful most world’s the build and design to efforts its redirected laboratory the to Victoria direction, his left TRIUMF.Under of Director the become temporarily Astbury Alan 1994, In calorimeters andfeedthroughsatCERN. the of installation the managing for responsible were personnel TRIUMF feedthroughs. high- cryogenic advanced density installed National and tested Brookhaven built, designed, the with Laboratory,also TRIUMF-UVicthe group engineering collaboration In mechanical the committee. ATLASof steering member cryogenics chief a as the role critical a played and project this for engineer was group TRIUMF-UVicthe of member A 2) Fig. (see detector. the of region cap end the in calorimeters hadronic argon liquid the install and construct design, to Europe in collaborators and University Carleton UBC, Alberta, of the University with worked TRIUMF and UVic Canada. across from scientists leading 40 approximately has now that collaboration Canadian the Canada, ATLAS founded complete at CERN in Geneva. The University of Victoria Hadron Collider and the associated detectors soon to be has been called upon to make contributions to the Large world the in laboratory Virtuallyphysics particle every A Productive Collaboration: by RichardKeeler The ATLAS detectoratCERN. TRIUMF & The University of Victoria John Manley. ISAC-I Opening: Dr. Alan Astbury and The Honorable eeomn o gs eetr ytm fr future a for systems International LinearCollider. detector gas on development and research TRIUMF-UVic as well as LHC, the and ATLASexperiments, ISAC-II for bright: as just looks TRIUMF-UVic collaboration on T2K expanded as UVic for the Canadian ATLAS collaboration in 2006, and the The ATLAS strong. Tier 1 be Data Centre to (see page continued 4) was UVIC secured and TRIUMF between Director in 2001, and the relationship and collaboration Dr. Alan Shotter replaced Dr. Alan Astbury as TRIUMF’s Victoria andmemberof theTRIUMFBoard ofManagement. Richard Keelerisa Professor ofPhysicsattheUniversity of oig no ulsae rdcin Ad h future the And production. full-scale into moving prototypes of manufacture and design with ongoing also is detectors TPC advanced in development and research and crates electronic of analysis Thermal progress for the T2K neutrino oscillation experiment. significant engineering and detector development is in wonderful years of discovery and invention. been At the present have time, and collaborated Victoria have of TRIUMF University the that years 37 The development. source ion (FEBIAD) discharge arc induced beam electron forced and analysis shield heat prototypes, of capable taking higher beam power, targets effusion oven designs and develop and help studies to include measurements efforts recent More well. as continuing is lines beam the TRIUMF for and ISAC at targets UVicfor by engineering grew. Advanced experiment proposed the in interest Canada’s and recent testofSpaceShuttlecomponentsatTRIUMF.a during Blackmore Ewart coordinator PIF with engineers MDA 1: Fig. power transistorcanfailcatastrophically. correct the problem when it occurs, or burnout, where a to on and off powered be to has where circuit electronic latchups, the as such SEEs of types areserious There more problem. the correct to rebooted be to has memory the but damaged, called a is nothing is that in This error soft circuit. amemory in flip bit a cause to sufficient is charge deposited the that means Upset Event Single Afunction. correct the disturb to locally to charge itself sufficient deposit that recoils component ionizing generate the within interactions nuclear electronic circuit, while protons and neutrons can cause charge locally in the silicon to disturb the function of enough an deposit directly can particles ionizing Highly device rather than a cumulative silicon effect the in of interacting a particle energetic lot single of a by radiation. caused problem a is which (SEE), Effect Event Single The most common type of radiation problem is called a determine howtheirequipmentrespondstoradiation. to frequently to come TRIUMF they that is common in have companies these thing other The level. ground at it on or earth the around orbit in be that whether work, to designed is equipment their where be environment the can that products in present radiation background natural have the by affected companies these of All common? in have Station, Space International the for equipment robotics develop who (MDA), and Associates Dettwiler MacDonald and imaging, medical for W Radiation TestingatTRIUMF by EwartBlackmore eia Sses wo rdc MRIs produce who Systems, Medical Philips internet, the for routers produce who Systems, Cisco as such companies do hat etos rdcd y plain n ohr nuclear other and reactions of energetic protons spallation and light ions in the gases is by electronics produced disrupt neutrons can that main the component km, 20 radiation to up altitudes at and level, sea At single accelerator laboratory. other any at available not is energies of range this and space, in used electronics for concern most of are 20-500 that energies proton the matches TRIUMF H-cyclotron MeV the of range energy The neutrons. and protons with components and devices electronic the to due damage dose total as such effects, other space, In radiation. to sensitivity for checked be must etc., controllers, motor lasers, cameras, computers, any and level, ground at than rays cosmic and protons of fluxes higher much to subject is equipment space All are moreimmunetoburnout. that converters power design to trying is Philips level. were caused by high-energy neutrons present at ground driving the magnet coils in their MRIs, and these converters failures power the in transistors) effect field silicon oxide (metal MOSFETs the of failures troubling still but rare were there that found Systems Medical Philips methods cankeepthesystemsrunninginallcases. correction and detection error their whether is question the but occur, will errors occur.Soft might users, their as how often a latchup, which would cause downtime to well as SEEs these to immune memory,are and power that their routers, which contain ensure vast amounts of processing to wants Systems Cisco like company A uiu fclt fr aito tsig of testing radiation developed for facility has unique a TRIUMF type. each to etos n hay os ad n many differently respond will in electronics cases and ions, heavy and neutrons protons, electrons, rays, gamma radiation: of types different of number a are There beam accelerators. colliding around region the in detectors, and, for the special case of particle physics present; still but lower much is radiation aircraft altitudes, at ground level, where the at problems; serious very cause can earth space, in the surrounding belts radiation be the where can environments These radiation. to exposed be may they which qualify to electronic systems for the environments in required radiation routinely is reasons, testing these For problem. accumulation of radiation, can be a serious TRIUMF

17 www.triumf.ca