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Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) 6 AGRICULTURE Orchard Farming Quarter 2: Week 3 Module

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Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) 6 AGRICULTURE Orchard Farming Quarter 2: Week 3 Module Department of Education Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) 6 AGRICULTURE Orchard Farming Quarter 2: Week 3 Module Robert C. Abrantes Writer Jocelyn P. Loraya Validator Dr. Antonio C. Gagala at Dr. Jane May C. Valbuena Quality Assurance Team Schools Division Office – Muntinlupa City Student Center for Life Skills Bldg., Centennial Ave., Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City (02) 8805-9935 / (02) 8805-9940 2 Through this Self-Learning Module (SLeM), you are expected to: 1. identify different types of orchard farm; 2. identify trees appropriate for orchard gardening based on location, climate and market demands; 3. enumerate proper ways of planting or propagating trees and fruit- bearing trees (budding, marcotting, grafting); 4. discuss the sources of fruit-bearing trees; and 5. value the importance of the proper care of seedlings. Directions: Read and answer the following items. Choose and write the letter of the best answer on a separate sheet of paper. 1. This refers to any non-natural wooded area where trees are planted for the production of fruits, nuts or seeds. A. drainage B. forest C. irrigation D. orchard 2. These include orchards that grow pili, cashews, walnuts and almonds. A. citrus orchards C. nut orchards B. fruit orchards D. seed orchards 3. These include orchards that grow lemons, limes or oranges. A. citrus orchards C. nut orchards B. fruit orchards D. seed orchards 4. The coffee capital of the Philippines. A. Lipa, Batangas C. Sto. Tomas, Batangas B. San Jose, Batangas D. Tanauan, Batangas 5. Chocolate-producing nuts includes ______. A. Coconut B. Coffee C. Cocoa D. Pili nut 6. Tree crops tend to be planted on sandy loam or loam known as _____. A. heavy-textured soils C. muddy-textured soils B. light-textured soils D. rocky-textured soils 6. This refers to how easy or hard is the potential garden or farm location to access both on foot and with a vehicle or equipment. A. accessibility B. climate C. equipment D. sunlight 3 7. The tall variety of coconut grows up to 50-90 feet, when does it start to bear fruits? A. 1-2 years B. 3-4 years C. 5-6 years D. 7-10 years 9. This refers to the long standing average weather of an area. A. accessibility B. climate C. soil D. sunlight 10. This type of producing new plants uses its different parts such as leaves, stem and roots. A. asexual B. homosexual C. mutation D. sexual Direction : Write WOW if it is a fruit-bearing tree and NEY if it is NOT. ______________1. Mango ______________2. Lemon Grass ______________3. Grapes ______________4. Jackfruit ______________5. Tamarind ______________6. Tomato ______________7. Guava ______________8. Pineapple ______________9. Duhat _____________10. Okra LESSON 1 TYPES OF ORCHARD FARMS Do you know that an orchard is an area of land where trees and nut trees are planted for food production? There are many types of orchards such as fruits, coconut, coffee, banana, citrus and nut trees which are generally grown for commercial production. 4 In the Philippines, there are also famous orchard farms like Rosa Farm (Mango) in Zambales, Gapuz Grapes Farms in La Union, Rock Farm (Oranges) in Sagada, Mountain Province and the Philippine Mango Seedling Farm Corp. (PMSFC) in Candaba, Pampanga and Baliuag, Bulacan. Many orchard owners often concentrate on a particular species or product, resulting in hundreds of different types of orchards. Most orchards are planted for a single variety of fruit. TYPES OF ORCHARD FARMS Mango Plantations It is native to India, the mango tree grows up to 15 feet high, with spreading top and numerous branches. Its fruit is sour and sweet fleshy kidney-shaped. Among the top mango-growing provinces in the Philippines are Pangasinan, Zambales, Isabela, Negros Occidental, Cebu, Davao, Cotabato, and Guimaras (famous for sweet mangoes). The common mango varieties in the Philippines are: carabao mango, indian mango, apple mango, dudul and piko. Nut Plantations Nut orchards include pili and cashews in the Philippines. This category also includes cocoa and chocolate-producing nuts, as well as coconuts. Some orchard owners produce pine trees for their edible pine nuts. Coconut Plantations There are mainly two types of coconut trees – tall and dwarf. The tall grows up to 50-90 feet and starts bearing fruits after 7-10 years. Whereas, the dwarf grows up to 20-60 feet and begins fruiting after 4-5 years. Among the common varieties are macapuno, orange dwarf, green dwarf, maypan and king coconut. Coffee Plantations The Philippines is one of the few countries that produce four main viable coffee varieties; Arabica, Liberica (Barako), Excelsa and Robusta. It was from Mexico brought by the Spaniards. Its plantations became part of the foundation of Batangas' economy and Lipa was later labeled as the coffee capital of the Philippines. The very expensive robustas are the Indonesian kopi luwak and the Philippine Kapéng Alamid and Kahawa Kubing. Citrus Plantations It is native to Southeast Asia. Mindoro Oriental is one of the top calamansi-producing provinces in the Philippines. The calamansi, mandarin (native orange), dalandan, pomelo are the known citrus fruits in the Philippines and Batangas is one of the provinces that grows most of these. Farmers in Batangas also grew the calamondin, the Philippine lime, alternatively called kalamansi or kalamunding in Tagalog. Banana Plantations The Philippines is one of the top five exporters of bananas. The main Saba-producing regions are Davao region, Soccsksargen and Northern Mindanao and Cagayan Valley. The main Lakatan-producing regions are Soccsksargen, Davao region and Northern Mindanao. Among the common varieties are saba, lakatan, latundan, bungulan, cavendish, morado, senorita, tindok, and granda. 5 A. DIRECTIONS : Conduct a simple research in the internet or in any resource materials about some of the famous Orchard Farms in the Philippines. Please follow the sample format below. Send it to your teacher through email or messenger if technology is available. (3 points each) a. Name of the Orchard Farm (This is the local name of the farm and product/s they produced) b. Owner (This is the one who owns or manages the farm) c. Date Started/ Established (This is when or how was the farm started) d. Location of the Orchard Farm (This is where to find the farm) e. Selling of their Products (This is how they distribute or market their products) LESSON 3 PROPER WAY OF PLANTING/PROPAGATING TREES AND FRUIT-BEARING TREES PLANT PROPAGATION Do you know that propagating plants is the cheapest and an easy way to produce new plants from the parent plant? Some plants are easier to propagate than others. The different methods work better with different plants. The technique you select will depend on the type of plant you wish to propagate and the amount of time and effort you want to put into it. TYPES OF PLANT PROPAGATION Sexual propagation uses the seed of a plant to produce new plant. Asexual propagation involves taking a part of one parent plant and causing it to regenerate itself into a new plant. The resulting new plant is genetically identical to its parent. It also involves the vegetative parts of a plant such as stems, roots, or leaves. The major methods of asexual propagation are cuttings which involves rooting a cut piece of the parent plant, marcotting is growing of roots in the stem while still attached to the parent tree while budding and grafting is joining two plant parts from different varieties. Marcotting is a method that allows rooting of a part of the stem while still attached to the parent tree. Grafting is a propagating technique simply defined as attaching a twig (scion) from one tree to the stem of a tree seedling (rootstock). The lower part of the graft is known as the understock or stock, which becomes the root system or part of the trunk. The upper part of the graft is known as the scion and becomes the top of the plant. Budding is the union of one bud, with or without a small piece of bark, from one plant (scion) into a stem of a rootstock. It is especially useful when scion material is limited. 6 A. Marcotting B.Grafting C.Chip and T- Budding http://www.celkau.in/Crops/Plantation%20Crops/Cashew/qpm.aspx http://www.gardeninginfozone.com/vegetative-propagation-of-ornamental-shrubs https://www.researchgate.net/figure/A -Chip-budding-showing-the-apically-tapering-scion-bud-and-a- complementary-space-in-the_fig2_265243756 LESSON 4 SOURCES OF FRUIT-BEARING TREES There are several known institutions or sectors in the Philippines which are sources of good quality fruit-bearing trees. They are available for free and/or sold in different stages of growth and ready to be transplanted. Among the sources are: Commercial Nursery – these are run by private individuals/sectors usually offering different kinds of plants for landscaping, tree planting and indoor plants decoration. Agricultural Institutions – these are schools, colleges or universities that offer courses like education, engineering, agribusiness, biology, agricultural technology, forestry and other related agricultural and other plant studies. Department of Agriculture (DA) – this is a government institution responsible to help improve farm income and generate work opportunities for farmers, fishermen and other rural workers. It provides good quality seedlings and even breeds of animals. Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI) – this is a government institution responsible for developing scientific improvement for each plant species in a locality and adjacent places. Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) – this is a government institution responsible for governing and supervising the exploration, development, utilization, and conservation of the country's natural resources. 7 LESSON 5 HOW TO CARE FOR SEEDLINGS To be successful in orchard farming, there are important ways on how to care for seedlings.
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