Regional Overview of Aquaculture Trends in the Asia-Pacific Region 2014
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ASIA-PACIFIC FISHERY COMMISSION (APFIC) Regional overview of aquaculture trends in the Asia-Pacific Region 2014 RAP PUBLICATION 2014/26 100 000 80 000 60 000 40 000 20 000 0 1950 1955 1960 1965 Rest of the world China 1970 1975 memberAPFIC 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 viii RAP PUBLICATION 2014/26 ASIA-PACIFIC FISHERY COMMISSION (APFIC) Regional overview of aquaculture trends in the Asia-Pacific Region 2014 Prepared by the Secretariat of the Asia-Pacific Fishery Commission FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Bangkok, 2014 i The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-108675-9 © FAO 2014 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be addressed to www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request or to [email protected]. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. For copies write to: The Senior Fishery Officer FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific 39 Phra Athit Road Bangkok 10200 Thailand Tel: (+66) 2 697 4000 Fax: (+66) 2 697 4445 E-mail: [email protected] Citation: Asia-Pacific Fishery Commission. 2014. Regional overview of aquaculture trends in the Asia-Pacific Region 2014, RAP Publication 2014/26, 45 p. ii Foreword This biennial review of aquaculture production in the Asia-Pacific region has been produced by the Asia-Pacific Fishery Commission (APFIC) Secretariat as part of its function to inform member countries of the status and trends in the fishery and aquaculture sectors of the region. The Asia-Pacific region is the world leader in total aquaculture production, producing 58.5 million tonnes of aquaculture products in 2012, representing more than 89 percent of total global aquaculture production in that year (excluding aquatic plants). This production comprised more than 225 species and species groups in 2012. It is clear that, more than any other region, the review of aquaculture production by species, commodity group, country and subregion is important to understand trends in aquaculture development and the distribution of this production. The regional overview is prepared for member countries and other stakeholders to provide easy access to the complex and diverse aquaculture production of the Asia-Pacific region. Hiroyuki Konuma Assistant Director-General and Regional Representative FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific iii iv Contents Page Foreword .................................................................................................................................................................. iii Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 Aquaculture Trends in Asia and the Pacific Region ............................................................................ 2 Trends in South Asia....................................................................................................................................... 4 Trends in Southeast Asia ............................................................................................................................... 6 Trends in the People’s Republic of China ................................................................................................ 8 Trends in the Other Asia subregion .......................................................................................................... 11 Trends in Oceania............................................................................................................................................. 13 Freshwater Carnivorous Finfish with High Input Requirements.................................................. 15 Eels (Order Anguilliformes and Synbranchiformes) ............................................................................... 15 Perch-like fish (Family Percichthyidae) ...................................................................................................... 16 Snakeheads (Family Channidae) ................................................................................................................. 16 Salmonids (Family Salmonidae) farmed in freshwater ...................................................................... 16 Other high value freshwater finfish .......................................................................................................... 16 Freshwater Finfish with Low Input Requirements .............................................................................. 18 Carps and barbs (Family Cyprinidae) ......................................................................................................... 19 Catfish (Order Siluriformes) ........................................................................................................................... 21 Tilapia (Genus Oreochromis)......................................................................................................................... 22 Freshwater fish nei ........................................................................................................................................... 22 Gourami (Family Osphronemidae) ............................................................................................................. 23 Milkfish (Genus Chanos) ...............................................................................................................................23 Other low value freshwater finfish ........................................................................................................... 23 Marine and Brackish Water Finfish Species ............................................................................................ 24 Milkfish (Genus Chanos) ...............................................................................................................................24 Japanese Seabass and Barramundi (Family Centropomidae and Percichthyidae) .................... 25 Jacks (Family Carangidae) ............................................................................................................................. 25 Seabream and porgies (Family Sparidae) ................................................................................................ 25 Flatfish (Genus Psetta and Paralichthys) .................................................................................................. 25 Groupers (Subfamily Epinephelinae).......................................................................................................... 26 Tilapia cultured in marine environments (Genus Oreochromis) .................................................... 26 Salmonids cultured in brackish water and marine environments (Genus Salmo and Oncorhynchus) ................................................................................................................................................... 26 Cobia (Family Rachycentridae) ..................................................................................................................... 26 Mullets (Genus Mugil and Liza) ................................................................................................................... 27 Snappers (Family Lutjanidae) ....................................................................................................................... 27 Other marine finfish ....................................................................................................................................... 27 Crustaceans ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)............................................................................................... 29 Giant Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) .................................................................................................... 29 Other shrimp and prawn Species (Family Caridea) ............................................................................. 30 Freshwater prawns (Genus Macrobrachium) ......................................................................................... 30