DOCSLIB.ORG

Recent Trends in Breeding and Trade of Ornamental Gourami in India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Recent Trends in Breeding and Trade of Ornamental Gourami in India See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331717622 Recent Trends in Breeding and Trade of Ornamental Gourami in India Article in World Aquaculture · March 2019 CITATIONS READS 3 3,032 2 authors: Alok Kumar Jena Pradyut Biswas Central Institute of Fisheries Education Central Agricultural University 29 PUBLICATIONS 37 CITATIONS 62 PUBLICATIONS 132 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Effects of temperature on the Caudal fin regeneration of Flying Barb Esomus danricus (Hamilton, 1822) (Cyprinidae) View project Grow-out rearing of Indian butter catfish, Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch), at different stocking densities in outdoor concrete tanks View project All content following this page was uploaded by Alok Kumar Jena on 13 March 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Recent Trends in Breeding and Trade of Ornamental Gourami in India Alok Kumar Jena, Pradyut Biswas and Sandeep Shankar Pattanaik FIGURE 2. Blue gourami Trichogaster trichopterus (Left) and pearl gourami Trichogaster leeri (Right). FIGURE 1. Banded gourami Colisa fasciatus juvenile. TABLE 1. List of gouramis indigenous to India. Common Name Scientific Name Rainbow gourami/banded gourami Colisa fasciatus Dwarf gourami/lily gourami Colisa lalia Honey gourami Colisa chuna FIGURE 3. Preparation of bubble nest by a male gourami. The ornamental fish TABLE 2. List of gouramis exotic to India. farms located in the country industry is considered to be a and are in high demand in sleeping giant in India because Common Name Scientific Name domestic markets. the country is blessed with a Blue gourami Trichogaster trichopterus The fishes of this family rich biodiversity of freshwater Pearl gourami Trichogaster leeri grow to around 15 cm and ornamental fish and has a Thick-lipped gourami Colisa labiosa have the remarkable ability to large availability of freshwater Snakeskin gourami Trichogaster pectoralis breath in two ways, through resources and suitabile agro- Kissing gourami Helostoma temmicki gills and by a cavity in the climatic conditions for captive Chocolate gourami Sphaerichthys osphronemoides head called a labyrinth. This breeding of many native Moonlight gourami Trichogaster microlepis lung-like labyrinth organ ornamental fishes throughout Giant gourami Osphronemus goramy allows gouramis to gulp air the year. In India, the number and use atmospheric oxygen. of people keeping an aquarium This organ plays a vital role in either at home or work place has allowing gouramis to inhabit grown manifold during last two decades (Jain et al. 2016). shallow, oxygen-poor water. Many gouramis have an elongated Gouramis are a diverse group of freshwater perciform fishes feeler-like ray at the front of each of their pelvic fins. Many species in the family Osphronemidae. Currently, about 133 species are show parental care; the male prepares a bubble nest (Fig. 3) to hold recognized, placed in four subfamilies and about 15 genera. They eggs laid by a female and then provides further larval care. are widely distributed in tropical and sub-tropical areas, mainly in Gouramis are omnivorous, feeding on plants and animals Asia and Africa. They are found in the ponds, tanks, streams and such as some aquatic plants, weeds, algae, earthworms, insects rivers of tropical areas. In India, most gouramis are found in the and sometimes dead animals, detritus and debris. They prefer to rivers, tanks and streams of north-east states and the Western Ghats. feed on a wide variety of natural live food including brine shrimp, Many indigenous varieties are available in India (Table 1) and the mosquito larvae and worms such as blood worm (Chironomids), species has high export potential. They are colorful and flamboyant sludge worm (Tubifex) and glass worm (Fig. 4). The nutritional (Figs. 1 and 2) and are attractive to hobbyists of all ages. There are requirements of gouramis varies with size, growth stage and many colorful exotic varieties (Table 2) that are available in different (CONTINUED ON PAGE 62) WWW.WAS.ORG • WORLD AQUACULTURE • MARCH 2019 61 environmental conditions longer fins than the female. (Table 3). In general, gouramis During the breeding season, require 30-45 percent protein, mature males develop a dark 4-9 percent lipids and 30-40 coloration and pointed fins, percent carbohydrates in their while females show bulging diets (Table 4). In addition, the abdomens. When choosing diet should contain carotenoids a breeding pair, care must such as astaxanthin, zeaxanthin be taken to select a mature or lutein for attractive female that is ready to spawn. coloration, and binding agents Otherwise the aggression of and preservatives to improve males can result in death of the quality and shelf life of the the female if she is not ready diet. Gouramis also accept a to breed. Gouramis breed wide range of supplementary throughout the year, but there manufactured pelleted and is a seasonal peak during the granular feeds, including FIGURE 4. Chopped tubifex (sludge worms) as feed for larval gouramis. monsoon season from April freeze-dried foods available to August/September on the in the domestic ornamental Indian sub-continent. market trade (Fig. 5). An aquarium or small plastic tank of 50-80 L Breeding capacity, with a water level Gouramis become of up to 25 cm can be used sexually mature in six months for breeding. Because they and so young fish can be are bubble nest builders, the used for breeding purposes. tanks must be provided with Usually, males are brilliantly one or two pieces of surface colored with a pointed dorsal vegetation, such as water fin, while females are dull hyacinth or banana leaves. with a rounded or curved This helps in providing dorsal fin. The male has much FIGURE 5. Freeze-dried live feeds. stability to the bubble nest. TABLE 3. Size of live feed organisms and stages of preferences. Name of the live food Size Stage of uses Important features Infusoria 0.05-0.3 mm Larvae (newly hatched) Tiny and unicellular; ideal for larvae starter food Zooplankton 0.2-3.0 mm Larvae/Fry Rich protein (60-65%) sources for early stage Artemia nauplii 0.4-0.5 mm Larvae/Fry Filter-feeders, can be enriched with PUFA, vitamin C etc. and provided to larvae and fry Beer Worms Up to 1.2 mm Fry/Fingerlings Highly digestibility and very good food after infusoria and rotifer feeding Chironomid larvae 10-20 mm Fry/Fingerlings/Adult Rich in iron and pigments (Blood Worms) (contains haemoglobin) Tubifex Up to 20 mm long Fry/Fingerlings Rich in iron and pigments (Sludge worm) (contains haemoglobin) Earthworms Size varies according to species Adult/Brood stock Rich protein (60-65%) and fats (9-10%) sources 62 MARCH 2019 • WORLD AQUACULTURE • WWW.WAS.ORG After tank preparation, one week of rearing, larvae a mature male is stocked into are fed Artemia nauplii, the tank first. Soon after the blood worms, sludge worms male makes a bubble nest, a or mixed zooplankton until mature gravid female is stocked they reach stocking size. into the tank, which should The 10-15 d old larvae may be covered with a hard board be stocked into other tanks to create humid conditions in to enable them to attain the tank. Soon after stocking marketable size within the female, both the male 3-4 months. Periphyton and female begin courtship can also be developed in behavior (e.g. chasing each the larval rearing tank other). During this period, through introduction of FIGURE 6. Larval rearing in circular fiberglass tanks. the male bends around the various types of artificial abdomen of the female near substrates such as plastic the bubble nest, stimulating strips and aquatic plants the deposition of about 500- that serve as feed for young 3,000 eggs in the bubble nest larvae. In case live feed is by the female, which are then not available, freeze-dried fertilized by the male. The or refrigerated live food male also collects eggs and organisms can also be used. deposits them in the bubble Feeding should be done 3-4 nest. Soon after release of times per day for optimal eggs, the female should be growth and survival. Green removed from the breeding water is also very useful for tank. Inasmuch as this species larval rearing of gourami. is found in tropical regions, egg In this type of production hatching requires no more than system, specific varieties three days (24-36 hr). Within of phytoplankton (e.g. 3-5 days of hatching, hatchlings FIGURE 7. Larval rearing in plastic tubs. Spirulina, Chlorella) are develop into free-swimming cultured in a nutrient-rich fry. Males guard eggs and larvae for 2-3 weeks in the wild, but media and used to feed larvae. larvae can be removed once they are free swimming. Best management practices for breeding include: • Avoid aeration in breeding tanks because it will disturb Larval Rearing nest formation. Free-swimming larvae or fry are stocked into a rectangular • Keep mature males separate in small containers because aquaria or plastic tanks that are provided with diffused aeration males are aggressive in the presence of a female. and filtration of suitable size (Figs. 6 and 7). Larvae are fed with • Select healthy males for breeding because they will make live food immediately after yolk-sac absorption. They are provided larger bubble nests. with sufficient quantity of infusoria or rotifers for one week, • The size of the bubble nest is managed by placing small ensuring that minimum effort is required to search for food. After (CONTINUED ON PAGE 64) TABLE 4. Nutrient requirements of ornamental gouramis at different life stages. Nutrients Young stage Brood stock Sources Protein 40-45 30-40 Fish meal, Squid meal, shrimp meal, soyabean meal, mustard meal, groundnut meal, wheat/ maize meal etc.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • §4-71-6.5 LIST of CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November
    §4-71-6.5 LIST OF CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November 28, 2006 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVERTEBRATES PHYLUM Annelida CLASS Oligochaeta ORDER Plesiopora FAMILY Tubificidae Tubifex (all species in genus) worm, tubifex PHYLUM Arthropoda CLASS Crustacea ORDER Anostraca FAMILY Artemiidae Artemia (all species in genus) shrimp, brine ORDER Cladocera FAMILY Daphnidae Daphnia (all species in genus) flea, water ORDER Decapoda FAMILY Atelecyclidae Erimacrus isenbeckii crab, horsehair FAMILY Cancridae Cancer antennarius crab, California rock Cancer anthonyi crab, yellowstone Cancer borealis crab, Jonah Cancer magister crab, dungeness Cancer productus crab, rock (red) FAMILY Geryonidae Geryon affinis crab, golden FAMILY Lithodidae Paralithodes camtschatica crab, Alaskan king FAMILY Majidae Chionocetes bairdi crab, snow Chionocetes opilio crab, snow 1 CONDITIONAL ANIMAL LIST §4-71-6.5 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME Chionocetes tanneri crab, snow FAMILY Nephropidae Homarus (all species in genus) lobster, true FAMILY Palaemonidae Macrobrachium lar shrimp, freshwater Macrobrachium rosenbergi prawn, giant long-legged FAMILY Palinuridae Jasus (all species in genus) crayfish, saltwater; lobster Panulirus argus lobster, Atlantic spiny Panulirus longipes femoristriga crayfish, saltwater Panulirus pencillatus lobster, spiny FAMILY Portunidae Callinectes sapidus crab, blue Scylla serrata crab, Samoan; serrate, swimming FAMILY Raninidae Ranina ranina crab, spanner; red frog, Hawaiian CLASS Insecta ORDER Coleoptera FAMILY Tenebrionidae Tenebrio molitor mealworm,
    [Show full text]
  • Model of Profit Maximization of the Giant Gourami (Osphronemus Goramy) Culture
    Omni-Akuatika, 13 (1): 54–59, 2017 ISSN: 1858-3873 print / 2476-9347 online Research Article Model of Profit Maximization of the Giant Gourami (Osphronemus goramy) Culture Dian Wijayanto1*), Faik Kurohman1, Ristiawan Agung Nugroho1 1Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Diponegoro *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received 7 November 2016; Accepted 16 April 2017; Available online 31 May 2017 ABSTRACT This research’ objective is to develop a model of profit maximization that can be applied to the giant gourami culture. The development of fish growth model uses polynomial growth function. Profit maximization process uses the first derivative of profit equation to culture time equal to zero. This research develop the equations to estimate the culture time to reach the size target of cultured fish. This research model can be applied in the giant gouramy culture. The giant gouramy culture can produce the maximum profit at 324 days with profit of IDR. 7.847.700 per culture cycle. To achieve size target of 500 g per fish, it needs 135 days of culture time. Keywords: bioeconomy, profit maximization, the giant gouramy 1. Introduction (1992), Springborn et al. (1992), Heap (1993), Strand and Mistiaen (1999), and Wijayanto The giant gouramy (Osphronemus (2014). Bjorndal (1988) estimated the optimal goramy) is one of major fisheries commodities harvest in fish culture used fish growth base on in Indonesia. It is also one of favorite food for Beverton-Holt model. Then, Arnason (1992), Indonesian cuisine. The giant gouramy culture Heap (1993), and Strand and Mistiaen (1999) has grown in Indonesia, including the Central also developed optimization profit model base Java province.
    [Show full text]
  • Helostoma Temminckii (Kissing Gourami)
    Kissing Gourami (Helostoma temminckii) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, February 2011 Revised, September 2018 Web Version, 2/14/2019 Photo: 5snake5. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Helostoma_temminkii_01.jpg. (September 2018). 1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Fuller and Neilson (2018): “Tropical Asia, including central Thailand, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, and Java (Berra 1981; Roberts 1989; Talwar and Jhingran 1992).” 1 Status in the United States Fuller and Neilson (2018) report Helostoma temminckii from the following HUCs (hydrologic units) in Florida between 1971 and 1978: Florida Southeast Coast, Little Manatee, and Tampa Bay. From Fuller and Neilson (2018): “Failed at both locations in Florida. No additional specimens have been reported or collected.” This species is in trade in the United States. From Arizona Aquatic Gardens (2018): “Pink Kissing Gourami Fish […] $8.99 Out of stock” Means of Introductions in the United States From Fuller and Neilson (2018): “The introduction resulted from either an aquarium release or a fish-farm escape.” Remarks This species’ name is spelled “Helostoma temminkii” according to ITIS (2018), but the correct spelling according to Fricke et al. (2018) is “Helostoma temminckii”. The misspelling occurs often enough that it was also used when researching in preparation of this report. From Fricke et al. (2018): “temminkii, Helostoma Cuvier [G.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt) 1829:228 [Le Règne
    [Show full text]
  • Growth Performance and Survival Rate of Giant Gourami Fingerlings (Osphronemus Goramy Lacepede, 1801) with Potassium Diformate Addition
    Available online at www.worldscientificnews.com WSN 143 (2020) 103-114 EISSN 2392-2192 Growth performance and survival rate of giant gourami fingerlings (Osphronemus goramy Lacepede, 1801) with potassium diformate addition Algi Azmi Nugraha*, Ayi Yustiati, Ibnu Bangkit, Yuli Andriani Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung – Sumedang KM.21 Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia *E-mail address: [email protected] ABSTRACT This research aims to determine the method of adding potassium diformate to commercial feed to increase survival and growth in gourami juvenile. The method used in this research is an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consists of four treatments and four replications. The treatments used are (A) Without giving Potassium diformate (control), (B) giving potassium diformate by 0.3%, (C) giving potassium diformate by 0.5% and (D) giving potassium diformate by 0.8%. The test fish used was 300 giant gourami with a length of 4-6 cm. The containers used in this research were aquariums with a size of 40 × 30 × 40 cm3 that reared in 16 aquariums. The density of giant gourami fingerlings during the research was 10 fish per aquarium. The rearing period was 40 days. The feed given was 3% of body mass. Water quality parameters (temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen) were observed every 10 days. Other parameters are the daily growth rate, feed efficiency, the survival rate and the acidity of intestinal and stomach which were observed every 10 days. The results showed that the addition of potassium diformate by 0.3% gives the best results of daily growth rate of 1.31%, feeding efficiency of 37.18%, survival rate of 100% and decreased acidity in the intestine and stomach which helps in the process of protein absorption.
    [Show full text]
  • Housing, Husbandry and Welfare of a “Classic” Fish Model, the Paradise Fish (Macropodus Opercularis)
    animals Article Housing, Husbandry and Welfare of a “Classic” Fish Model, the Paradise Fish (Macropodus opercularis) Anita Rácz 1,* ,Gábor Adorján 2, Erika Fodor 1, Boglárka Sellyei 3, Mohammed Tolba 4, Ádám Miklósi 5 and Máté Varga 1,* 1 Department of Genetics, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 2 Budapest Zoo, Állatkerti krt. 6-12, H-1146 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 3 Fish Pathology and Parasitology Team, Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungária krt. 21, 1143 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 4 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt; [email protected] 5 Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (M.V.) Simple Summary: Paradise fish (Macropodus opercularis) has been a favored subject of behavioral research during the last decades of the 20th century. Lately, however, with a massively expanding genetic toolkit and a well annotated, fully sequenced genome, zebrafish (Danio rerio) became a central model of recent behavioral research. But, as the zebrafish behavioral repertoire is less complex than that of the paradise fish, the focus on zebrafish is a compromise. With the advent of novel methodologies, we think it is time to bring back paradise fish and develop it into a modern model of Citation: Rácz, A.; Adorján, G.; behavioral and evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) studies. The first step is to define the Fodor, E.; Sellyei, B.; Tolba, M.; housing and husbandry conditions that can make a paradise fish a relevant and trustworthy model.
    [Show full text]
  • Freshwater Inventory March 28
    African Clawed Frogs Endler's Livebearer Panda Loach Albino Rainbow Shark Fahaka Puffer Panda Platy Archer Fish Fancy Guppies Panda Tetra Peacock Gudgeon Assassin Snail Festae Red Terror Florida Assorted African cichlid Figure Eight Puffer Pearl Leeri Gourami Assorted Angels Firecracker Lelupi Peppermind Pleco L030 Assorted Balloon Molly Firemouth Cichlid Pheonix Tetra Powder Blue Dwarf Assorted Glofish Tetra Florida Plecos Gourami Assorted Lionhead Geophagus Brasiliensis Purple Rose Queen Goldfish Cichlid Cichlid Assorted Platy German Blue Ram Rainbow Shark Red and Black Oranda Assorted Ryukin Goldfish German Gold Ram Goldfish Australian Desert Goby Giant Danio Red Bubble eye Goldfish Australian Rainbow Glass Cats Red Eye Tetra Bala Shark GloFish Danio Red Paradise Gourami BB Puffer Gold Dojo Loach Red Phantom Tetra Gold Firecracker Black Lyretail Molly Tropheus Moori Red Pike Cichlid Black Moor Goldfish Gold Gourami Red Tail shark Black Neon Tetra Gold Severum Red Texas Cichlid Black Phantom Tetra Assorted Platy Redfin Blue Variatus Gold White Cloud Redfin Copadichromas Black Rasbora Het Mountain Minnow Borleyi Cichlid Black Ruby Barb Golden Wonder Killie Redtail Black Variatus Green Platinum Tiger Redtail Sternella Pleco Black Skirt Tetra Barb (L114a) Blackfin Cyprichromis Redtop Emmiltos Cichlid Leptosoma Cichlid Green Texas Cichlid Mphanga Green Yellow Tail Blehri rainbow Dwarf Pike Cichlid Ribbon Guppies Blood Red Parrot Haplochromis Cichlid Obliquidens Cichlid Roseline Shark Heterotilapia Blue Dolphin Cichlid Buttikofferi Cichlid
    [Show full text]
  • And Post-Spawning Behavior in the Blue Gourami, Trichogaster Trichopterus (Pallas) , and the Paradise Fish, Macropodus Opercularis (Linnaeus)
    PRE- AND POST-SPAWNING BEHAVIOR IN THE BLUE GOURAMI, TRICHOGASTER TRICHOPTERUS (PALLAS), AND THE PARADISE FISH, MACROPODUS OPERCULARIS (LINNAEUS) By HOWARD RUSSELL HOPKINS // I Bachelor of Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania 1959 Master of Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania 1962 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY July, 1971 PRE- AND POST-SPAWNING BEHAVIOR GOURAMI, TRICHOGASTER TRICHOPTERUS ... (PALLAS), AND THE PARADISE FISH, MACROPODUS OPERCULARIS (LINNAEUS) Thesis Approved: Q LL . 803908 PREFACE The objectives of the present investigation are to: (1) Describe the motor patterns for seven presumably functional classes of behavior in Trichogaster trichopterus and Macropodus opercularis. (2) Determine the length of reproductive cycles and the characteristic diel rhythinicity of spawning activities. (J) Evaluate the influence of precipitation, barometric pressure, and water temperature on the presence of a nest and the onset of spawning. (~) Determine if activity cycles exist by measuring fluctuations in daily activity. (5) Compare the changes in the composition of behavior during the spawning cycle. Dr. Rudolph J. Miller served as major adviser and was extremely helpful during all phases of the study. Drs. Roy w. Jones, Troy Dorris, L. Herbert Bruneau, and Larry T. Brown served on the advisory committee and edited the manuscript. Donald E. Maritt suggested the method for computer analysis of the data. James Butler was instrumental in writing the computer programs and was helpful in expediting the work in the Computer Science Department. Dr. Dale D. Grosvenor, Director of the University Computer Center, was most encouraging.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of Fish Species Diversity in Ghaghat River in Northern Bangladesh M
    Ann.M. R. Bangladesh Islam, M. Das, Agric. M. (2018) N. Mondal 22 (1) and : 95-105 G. M. Mostakim ISSN 1025-482X (Print)95 2521-5477 (Online) STATUS OF FISH SPECIES DIVERSITY IN GHAGHAT RIVER IN NORTHERN BANGLADESH M. R. Islam1*, M. Das1, M. N. Mondal2 and G. M. Mostakim3 Abstract Fish species diversity and it’s conservation status of Ghaghat river in northern region of Bangladesh was investigated by field sampling using a taxonomic guide, FishBase data and International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) conservation index. The study revealed that a total of 55 species of fishes belonging to 45 genera, 22 families and 9 orders were found in the river. Among the identified fish orders, Cypriniformes was the highest diverse group with 34% species abundance followed by Siluriformes and Perciformes with 24% each. On the other hand, fishes under the orders Beloniformes, Decapoda, and Tetradontiformes were the least abundant (2%). Fish species diversity was found prominent during the monsoon. Based on IUCN conservation index 6(11%), 10(18%) and 7(13%) species in Ghaghat river were identified as critically endangered, endangered and vulnerable respectively. A total 14 types of fishing gear under 8 major groups were found to operate in the studied river, which included some banned gears like gill net and seine net. An effective conservation strategy needs to be developed to stop indiscriminate fishing and to conserve the fish biodiversity in Ghaghat river. Keywords: Fish, biodiversity, ghaghat river, conservation. Introduction barrages, pollution, using of banned fishing gears fish biodiversity is declining (Rahman Bangladesh is blessed with a large number et al., 2016).
    [Show full text]
  • MILLERS FALLS F.?Tnoduced a Little Over a Dec- Ible Symbol of Government Au- Shown No Interest in Lifting It
    Pollution Report SEE STORY PAGE 25 >:'•," . Sunny and Cold Sunny and cold today. Clear, FINAL cold tonight. Fair, milder to- Red Bank, Freehold morrow. Cloudv on Saturday. -Long Branch EDITION 9 Monmouth County's Outstanding Home Newspaper 44 PAGES TEN CENTS VOL.94 .NO. Ill KLD BANK. NJ. THURSD \Y, DECniBL'U 2,1971 To ProbeMedicalExaminer Reports ByHALLIESCHRAEGER manslaughter in the death of Dr. Gilman's testimony, swearing, a lesser offense, in Mrs. Arnold has been out on Mr. Keuper said he also her 31/i-year-oId son, Paul. saying the hemorrhage came that perjury involves lying . bail pending the outcome of conferred with members of her successful appeal. The FREEHOLD - Former March 23. 1969. in Long from a deeper source. Two about a material fact in a his staff, Dr. Oilman and Dr. manslaughter charge against Monmouth County Medical Branch. Dr. Oilman had listed thought that death had oc- case. False swearing could in- Albano before deciding on his her will be dismissed and she Examiner C. Malcolm B. Oil- a fractured skull as one of the curred naturally, from a rup'» clude giving relatively minor course of action. will be retried only on a man will be the subject of a causes of death. Dr. Albano tured blood vessel. misinformation, such as one's During the Vena-Burlew charge of child neglect, the county grand jury in- found no skull fracture. Three Possibilities - wrong name or address. trial. Dr. Oilman was super- prosecutor said. vestigation as the result of his The other contradiction Mr. Keuper said the result False swearing and mis- seded by Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Behavior and Phylogeny of Fishes of the Genus Colisa and the Family Belontiidae
    BEHAVIOR AND PHYLOGENY OF FISHES OF THE GENUS COLISA AND THE FAMILY BELONTIIDAE by RUDOLPH J. MILLER') and AMBROSE JEARLD2) (Department of Zoology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, U.S.A.) (With2 Figures) (Acc.25-VI-1982) Introduction In an earlier paper on the behavior and phylogeny of trichogasterine fishes (MILLER & RoBISON, 1974) we presented arguments supporting the use of behavioral characteristics in assessing phylogenetic relation- ships among animals. Though we agreed with ATZ (1970) that care must be taken in establishing "homologies of behavior", we concluded that behaviortaxonomy studies often prove useful at the family or genus group level (MAYR, 1958; CULLEN, 1959; ALEXANDER, 1962; WICKLER, 1967; HINDE, 1970). We were able to show that the four species in the genus Trichogaster fall rather easily into two groups, based on numerous trench- ant behavioral characteristics. We also have been studying the behavior of the four species currently recognized in the genus Colisa (RESER, 1969; JANZOw, 1971; JEARLD, 1975). The purpose of this paper is to describe the reproductive behaviors of the Colisa spp., examine this information for insights on phylogenetic relationships of the group, and integrate this data with the earlier material on Trichogaster. Since LIEM (1963) placed both genera at the peak of adaptive radiation in the family Belontiidae, such a comparison may be of some value in assessing strengths and weaknesses of the comparative behavior technique. The Anabantoidei are a group of over 50 species of perciform fishes in- habiting tropical and subtropical regions of Southeast Asia, India, and Central Africa. The most recent revision of the group was done by LIEM (1963) who ordered the 15 genera into four families on the basis of 1) We are grateful to Drs H.
    [Show full text]
  • Breeding and Embryonic Development of an Indigenous Ornamental Fish
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(3): 111-115 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 JEZS 2017; 5(3): 111-115 Breeding and embryonic development of an © 2017 JEZS indigenous ornamental fish Trichogaster lalius Received: 18-03-2017 Accepted: 19-04-2017 (Hamilton, 1822) in captive condition Shibam Saha Department of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fishery Shibam Saha, S. Behera, Dibakar Bhakta, Abhrajyoti Mandal, Sanjeev Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kumar and Anandamoy Mondal Budherhat Road, Chakgaria, Panchasayar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Abstract The present study was conducted to perform the captive breeding and embryonic development of dwarf S. Behera gourami Trichogaster lalius (Hamilton, 1822) in control condition at the Laboratory of Faculty of Department of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fishery Fishery Sciences, WBUAFS, Kolkata, West Bengal between May and June, 2016. A total 10 sets of Sciences, West Bengal University of experiment were conducted by keeping one pair of healthily fish (male and female 1:1 ratio) for each set. Animal and Fishery Sciences, The absolute fecundity was ranged from 1000 to 1350. The fertilization rate was found to be 63±0.50% Budherhat Road, Chakgaria, and incubation period was recorded 23 to 26 hours at 29.15 ± 0.95 ºC. The fertilized eggs were not Panchasayar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. adhesive, golden in colour and optically transparent and size was ranged from 0.60 ± 0.05 to 0.69 ± 0.08 mm. The present findings established that T. lalius can easily bred in captive condition by maintaining Dibakar Bhakta suitable environmental parameters which is prerequisite to conserve the species in natural water bodies.
    [Show full text]
  • Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S
    Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 4—An Update April 2013 Prepared by: Pam L. Fuller, Amy J. Benson, and Matthew J. Cannister U.S. Geological Survey Southeast Ecological Science Center Gainesville, Florida Prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region Atlanta, Georgia Cover Photos: Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix – Auburn University Giant Applesnail, Pomacea maculata – David Knott Straightedge Crayfish, Procambarus hayi – U.S. Forest Service i Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................ vi INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 Overview of Region 4 Introductions Since 2000 ....................................................................................... 1 Format of Species Accounts ...................................................................................................................... 2 Explanation of Maps ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]