Metamorphoseon. 293
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; : ; Fabula VI. METAMORPHOSEON. 293 Errabant ; et humum vicinia nulla premebant. Arboreae frondes, auro radiante nitentes, Ex auro ramos, ex auro poma tegebant. 35 Hospes, ait Perseus ilii, seu gloria tangit Te generis magni ; generis mihi Jupiter auctor Sive es mirator rerum ; mirabere nostras. Hospitium requiemque peto. Mcmor ille vetustae Sortis erat : Themis hanc dederat Parnassia sortem, 40 Tempus, Atla, veniet, tua quo spohabitur auro Arbor : et hunc praedse titulum Jove natus habebit. Td metuens, solidis pomaria clauserat Atlas 43. Atlns metuens id, clfiuserat pomaria Mcenibus, et vasto dederat servanda draconi solidis moenibus, et NOT^. contained the golden apples. These gar- A lion's shaggy skin, besmeared with gore, dens were guarded by a watchful dragon Wide o'er his' slioulders spread the monster wore. that never slept. Infbrmed by an oracle On his stout staff his fearless step relied. that he would be dethroned by a son of And by his deadly dart the serpent died. Jupiter, he refused hospitality to Perseus, Argonautics, Lib. iv. and was changed into a mountain. 44. Vosio draconi : by a great dragon. 35. Exauropoma: apples of gold. This fiction, doubtless, owes its origin to Ambrosial trees their buds aiid fruits unfold the history of the serpent ihat tempted In silver fiowers and vegetable gold. Eve. HlSTOKY OF THE ClIURCH. Nor wandered they in vain ; but soon explored 38. Rerum : of exploits. Perseus sets The sacred spot with golden applcs stored, forth his claims to consideration, and In Atlas' realm: the serpent's wakeful eyes Watched till but yesterday, the golden prize boasts not only royal and celestial descent, The fair Hesperides with kind survey but royal deeds. Tended the serpent. as they tuned their lay. 40. Tliemis Farnassia. The Scholiast Argonautics of Apoll. Rhcd. on Lycophron, v. 129, describes Themis The dreadful snake, that, couched as the daughter of the sun. She is the In the dark earth's abyss, his wide domain, same as Themas, or Thaumas, the rain- Holds o'er the gctlden apples wakeful guard. Hesiod's bow of the Deluge, and is called Parnassia, Theogony, because the ark is fabled to have rested on Eratosthenes, in speaking of the con- Parnassus, which, according to a very an- stellation of the Serpent, evidently refers cient writer, was at first called Lamassus, to the Garden of Eden, to Eve, the temp- from Larnax, the ark of DeucaUon (Noah): tation by the serpent, and the crushing of \lapva(jcOi' fKaXelTO 6i npoTSfjOv Aapvaaaog 6ia to the serpent's head by the Saviour, for Her- Tr]v AcvKaXicovo; XdpvaKa avTO^i npoaEvex^nvai. cules is expressly said by Philostratus Steph. Byzant. As Thaumas, or The- (Vira Apoll. Tyan. Lib. viii. c. 9) to be mis, the rainbow, was a sign of the end awTnpiog rotf dv^pMTroig, tlie Saviour of men : of the Deluge, it became oracular under According to Pherecydes, when all the gods the name of the goddess Themis. The offered presents to Juno upon her nuptials with dove, in like manner, becanie oracular. At Jupiter, the Earth also brought golden apples. Dodona, doves, wliich Euripides says Juno. admiring their beautij. cornmanded thera to be plauled in the garden qfthe gods; aud find- came from Thehai^ithe ark), were fabled to ingthat they were conliuually plucked by the give oracles. The Argo (Ark) is also de- daughters of Atlas, she appointed a vasi ser- scribed as giving oracles : penl to guard them. Hercules overcame and slew the monster. Accordingly, in this The Ar^o was Xhe Jirst ship that ever was con- stellation the serpent is depicted rearing aloft built: it was moreover built iu the most early its head, while Hercules. placed above it times, or at the very begiuning; and was an ora- with one knee bent, tramples ivith his /ont upon its cular vessel.—Eratosthenes, Catast. C. xxxv. head, and brandishes his club in his right hand. Prima deum maguis canimus freta pervia Catast. Cap. iii. and iv. nautis, — But none of the ancients so evidently Fatidicamqiie ratem. Valerius Flaccus, Lib. i. describes the Serpent of Paradise as Lu- 42. Jove nattis : a son of Jupiter. He cretius, as if God would estabhsh his truth refers to Hercules, who slew the serpent, out of the mouth of atheism itself. The as related by Apollonius Rhodius : very attiiude of the serpent, as usually de- Hither some lawless plunderer came of late, picted, is given with minuteness: Wlio will reverse the oolor of your fate. Yon beast he slevv, for whom we sorrow now, Aureaque Hesperidum servans fulgentia mala And tore the goldeu apples iVom their bough. Asper, acerba lueiis. immani corpore serpens, But yesterday the desperate giaut came; Arboris amolexus stirpem. From hi* blacli eyebrows flastied the livid flame: De Natura Ref. Lib. v. 33 2b2 : ; ; ; — — 294 P. OVIDII NASONIS LlBER IV. Arcebatque suis externos finibus omnes. 45 t^ederat ea servanda vaslo dracoiii: arce Huic quoque, Vade procul, ne longe gloria rerum, baique omnes exier nos suis tinibus Q.uas mentiris, ait, longe tibi Jupiter absit. Vimque minis addit ; foribusqiie expellere tentat Cunctantem, et placidis miscentem fortia dictis. Viribus inferior, Gluis enim par esset Atlanti 50 Viribus ? At quoniam parvi tibi gratia nostra est Accipe munus, ait : lcevaque a parte Medusae Ipse retroversus squallentia prodidit ora. Gluantus erat, mons factus Atias : jam barba, comaeque In silvas abeunt ; juga sunt humerique manusque ; 55 Q,uod caput ante fuit, summo est in monte cacumen. Ossa lapis fiunt : tum partes auctus in omnes Crevit in immensum, sic di slatuistis ; et omne Cuni tot sideribus coelum requievit in illo. NOTiE. On the liuge dragon, terror of fhe vvorld, Conscious, ihough molionless, his Iimbs were That round thc Hesperian tree enormous curled grown, Wilh eye electric, watching man and brule, Alive io suffering. but alive in slone. Guarded wilh jealous care Ihe golden truit. M0XTG0MERY'S WORLD BEFOKE THE FlOOD 47. Longe Jupiter ahsit : lest Jupiter be 59. Cum tot siderihus : with so many far from protecting you. stars. 53. Ipse retroversus. Perseus turned his 59. Ccelum: heaven ; the celestial sphere. face away that he might not himself be brother's fate, the unhappy Ailas, turned to stone. —Thy Afilicts me : on ihy western shore he stands 57. Lapis fiunt : become stone. A his slioulders the vast pillar 1 Supporting on Christiaii poet has described with much Of Heaven and Earih. ^Eschylcs's Pko>.e- vigor the transfonnation of a giant to stone, TIIEUS CHAIXED. by a power superior to the Gorgon's,—that 59. Requievit in illo: rested upon liim of Omnipotence Atlas, enforced by stern necessity, " For he is God"—at tliat most awful name, Propslhe broad heaven; on earth's far borders, A spasm of horror withered up his frame, where Even as lie stood and looked ; hc looks, he — Full opposite tli' Hesperian virgins sing stands With shrill sweet voice, lie rears his head and With heaven-defyingfroiit, and clenched hands, hands And lips lialf-opened, enger from his breast Aye unfatigable. Hesiod"s Theogont. To bolt the blaspliemy, by force represt For nol in feigned abstraction. as before, Atlas I beheld Titanian ; He praclised foul deceit by damned lore; His giant strengih condemned to bear A frostwas on his nerves, and in liis veins The solid, va.st, and ponderous spliere. A fire, consuming with infernal pains; ^EscuvLus^s Pkometueus Chaixed. QU^STIONES. Who now alone rejects Bacchus ? an entcrprise that would endanger his Who was Acrisius? life? Who was Perseus ? What did Perseus promise to obtain Who was Danae ? Why was she con- for him ? lined by Acrisius ? How was he equipped by the gods for In what form did Jupiter obtain access the onterprise ? to her? Did he succeed in his attempt ? Who was Polydectes ? On his return, whosc kingdom did he Why did he wish to engage Perseus in pass bv ? VI. aMORPHOSEOX. 295 Wlai reciies: does Perse::* ir»^^ of ^rf Dcies A:ls5 grsr: Lis rer-ie?: ? Wiy d;d A^-as i^fns^ i±-i f Wdo ^-^ 1 hzTZlS f '-^ WaEi coes Per5e-5 co :.o ? How ait Tis-c "0 reg^d Perseiis ? Whai is -iie e3:jl£r2.i:c-i2 c-f AiJSis ? Wiy is be siiid :o snppor: ihe Ikstc^s ? » : FABULA VII. ANDROMEDA A PERSEO LIBERATA: VIRGiE IN CORALIA. PerseuS; passing through Ethiopia^ sees Andromeda bound to a rock; and ex posed to a sea-monster, on account of her mother^s pride. Captivated witb her beauty, and stipulating that she shall be the reward of the victory, ha slays the monster. While he washes his hands, he lays the head of Medusa on twigs, whiich become coral. EXPLICATIO. There was probably some historical basis for this Fabie. 'The beauty and richness of the kingdom of Cepheus the Ethiopian prince, may have presented strong temptations for piratical emprize, and possibly the car- rying offsome maidens of the country. Hence, it would be easy, in the language of metaphor to say, that the pride of Cassiope, in preferring herself to the Nereides, had caused a monster to be sent by Neptune to ravage the coast. The piratical expedition itself, its leader, or the ship which bore the buccaneers, may, then, be appropriatel)^ regarded as a sea-monster. A piratical ship may be adumbrated in the very compari- son of the form and advance of the monster to the size and force of a ship Ecce velut navis praefixo concita rostro Sulcat aquas, juvenum sudantibus acta lacertis : Sic fera dimotis impulsu pectoris undis. Andromeda may be considered as a personification of the virgins of the country, or may have been the daughter of the prince of the country, and have been promised in marriage to appease the cupidity of the pirate leader.