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Home , Amasya, Ani, Binbirkilise, Melias, Strabo, Theodore the Martyr

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Abraham , 90 , 107 , 28 , 160 - on - the - Meander , Architecture , in Basilian Ac;:Tk Saray , facades at, 65, Amisos ( ), 6 battle at , 30 Rule , 77 ; rockcut , 18 , 45 66 (ill .), 69, 75; monasteries Amphilochios , bishop of Apocalypse , beasts of the , Architecture , Late Antique , at, 58, 60 Iconium , 24 , 164 83 , 181 69 , 75 Ac;:Tkel Aga Kilisesi , see Ampullae , 185 Apocalypse , Elders of the , Architecture , Muslim , 70 Peristrema Anargyroi , 157 at YTlanlr Kilise (Cat . no . Architecture , Persian , 70 Acts of St . , 19 , 80 Anastasis (Descent into 31), 107, 109 Arethas, bishop of Adam , 133 , 181 Limbo ), 122, 127, 133, 136, Apocalypse (Revelation) Caesarea , 27 Adoration of the Magi , 137, 169, 174, 181; at Ac;:Tkel of St. john the Divine , 83, Arianism , 24 , 164 127 , 177 , 198 , 199 , 224 ; at Aga Kilisesi (Cat. no . 9), 188 ; cited , 106 , 107 , 6 , 18 , 23 , 28 , 112 , Tokalr (Cat . no . 39), 217 206 ; at Karanl Tk Kilise Apocalyptic visions , 84, 120 , 140 , 151 , 186 , 202 , Aegean , 3, 5 (Cat . no . 59), 133; at 141 ; see also Christ in 203 , 218 , 225 Aesop , fables of , 155 Purenli Seki Kilisesi (Cat . Majesty; Lastjudgment ; Art , Armenian , 59 , 202 Africa , North , Late no . 33), 200; at St. Barbara Second Coming Art , Byzantine , 59, 145, Antique facades in , 69; (Cat . no . 40), 222 Apostles , Benediction of 151 , 152 , 185 , 206 , 225 trefoil chapels in, 118 , 3, 25 , 28 , 30 , 32 , the , 127 ; at Karanlrk Kilise Art , Coptic , 59, 112, 194, , 18 33 , 45 , 106 , 112 , 118 , 120 , (Cat . no . 59), 153 202 Aght'amar, church of the 123 , 140 , 190 , 230 ; see Apostles , Communion of Art , Hellenistic - Roman , Holy Cross, 112 also Minor the , at St. Stephen (Cat . 186 Ag Trnas, 43 Ancyra , see Ankara no . 4), 88 Art , Mozarabic , 202 Agony of Christ , 199 Andronikos , emperor , 30 Apostles, the Washing of Art , Muslim , 112 Ahmet III , sultan , 31 , cathedral of , 112 the Feet of the , 122 Art , Syro -Palestinian , 186- Aisopos , 180 Ankara (Ancyra ), 32, 38 Apses , Cappadocian , 81, 95, 188 Akkale ( ), monastery Anne (Anna ), St., 115, 184; 105 , 123 , 146 ; of Tokalr Art, Visigothic , 112, 202 of , 51 church es dedicated to . Kilise (Cat . no . 39), 104; Ascension of Christ , 122 , , 25 see Kizil <;:ukur (Cat . no . of Church A , Soganlr 127 , 174 , 181 , 182 , 191 , Akritas , Digenis , 25 13) Dere , 137 194, 200, 224; at Agac; Alt T Akroenos , battle at , 25 Annunciation : 122 , 169 , Arabia , 25 Kilisesi (Cat . no . 30), 112, Aksaray, 29 175, 199, 223; at Al;:rkel Gospel of the Childhood 194; at AyvalT Kilise (Cat . Ala Kilise , see Peristrema Aga Kilisesi (Cat . no . 9), , 174 no . 16), 208; at Balkam Alacahisar , rockcut church 206; at Chapel 16, Goreme , 25 , 26 , 75 Dere chapel (Cat. no. 1), at , 119 (Cat . no . 39a), 211; at Egri Arabsun (GQI~ehir ), 38; 80 , 205 Alacahoy Uk, 5 Ta~ Kilisesi (Cat . no . 29), Kar~r Kilise (Cat . no . 61), Ashur , Parthian at, , 6 203 ; at the triconch of 153 , 230 , 275 70 , 186 Tagar (Cat . no . 54), 115; Arch , circumscribed by a Asia , 5 Ali , prophet , 30 at YTlanl TKilise (Cat . no . triangle, 69; diaphragm, Asia Minor , 3 , 5 , 6 , 28 , 30 , Ali Dag (Mount Didymos ), 31), 200 60 , 69 , 99 ; horseshoe , 53 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 77 , 82 , 106 , 186 , 24, 30 Anthony , disciple of St. 70 187 , 190 , 203 ; see a /50 Ali~ar, 5 Simeon , 48 Archaic style church es, see Anatolia Alpaslan, 29 Anthony , St., 7 Church es, Cappadocian , Late Antique , 29 Antioch , 6, 48 , 106 , 120 , architects , Cappadocian , facades at , 69 ambo, 82, 233 160 , 186 , 187 45 , 93 , 95 , 126 , 136 Assyrians , 5 288 Index

Asterios , bishop of Amasia , Basil I, emperor , 27 , 166 , Book of Childhood (Armenian church es in , 27 , 28 , 43 , 45 , 90 , 162 224 ), 198, 202 75 , 76 - 141 ; rockcut Athens , Byzantinechurches Basil II , emperor , 56 , 123 , Book of James (Protoevangelion houses in , 23 ; rockcut at , 126 210 , 223 ), 174, 178, towns in , 19 , 25 , 38 ; visits Athos , Mount , 133 ; Lavra Basil (Giagoupes ), emir , 198, 223; cited , 199; illustrated to , 38 ; Western travelers Monastery , 140 30 , 153 manuscripts of , in , 32 ; see also Architects , Auxentios , 7 Basileias , 24 184- 185; quoted , 175, 176 Cappadocian ; Monasteries Ayn Karem , 183 Basilian Rule , 8 , 51 , 56 - 57 , Boyal ! Dere (Kemerli ,Cappadocian ; Painters , AynalT Kilise , see Monasteries 77 Dere ), chapel at, 150 Cappadocian , etc . , Cappadocian ; Basilicas , 233 ; three - aisled , Bronte (Sicily ), 18 (: arrkli Kilise , see Goreme 76, 95- at AynalT Kilise , Bulgaria, 145 Catalonia , Romanesque AyvalT Kilise , see GUIIU 60, at (general Burial of Christ , 174 , 180 ; art of , 226 , 227 Dere ), 77, 79, 80, 94, 105, at see also Deposition of Cathedra , 233 ; in Ha <; li AyvalT Kay , church at (Cat . Selime , 59, at Syria , 82, at Christ ; Entombment of Kilise (Cat . no . 5), 82, 83; no . 48), 226, 227, 272 Thalin (Armenia ), 140; Christ ; Women at the in St. , aisleless (or one -aisled ), Tomb (:avu ~in , 76, 81 Baghdad , 26 77, 79- at Cappadocia , Byzantine art , see Art , ByzantineCatherine , Cappadocian Balkam Dere , chapel at 77 , 94 , 95 , 105 , 120 , 140 , donor , 154 (Cat . no . 1), 80, 205, 262; 211 , 23, 28, Catherine , St ., 154 chapel with St. Basil cycle , Bassianos , 153 30 , 47 , 187 (:avu ~in , 37 (ill .), 47; 164 - 166 Batal el Ghazi , Seld el , 25 , 25, 27, 145, 209, church es at - Great Balli Kilise , see Peristrema Bathystrokos , abbot , 154 227 , 230 ; see also Constantinople Pigeon house (Cat . no . Ball Tk Kilise , see Soganl T Bawit , necropolis of , 194 38), 28, 147, 160- 161, 210- Dere Belis Trma , facade at , 65 211, 212- 213 (ill .), 216, Balthasar , see Magi Bell , Gertrude L., 5, 51 218, 269; St. john the Baptist Baptism of Christ , 122, 127, Belli Kilise, see Soganl T Caesarea , 3, 6 , 7 , 27 , 29 , 34 , , 70, 72- 74 (ill .), 75- 76, 174 , 179 , 190 , 193 , 216 Dere 58 , 164 , 208 ; see also 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 205 , 261 ; Bardas, Cappadocian Benedict , St ., 8 minarets at , 35 ; town of , donor , 154 Berlin Museum , 70 Caltabelotta (Sicily ), 18 70 Bardas (Phokas ), 210 Bethlehem , 176 , 182 ; monastery Calvary , 127 Cemil , near ; monastery of Barlaam , St ., 162 of the Poimnion Cambazli Kilise , see Orta - the Archangelos, see Basil, St., the Great , bishop at , 183 ; star of , 132 ; Journey hisar Monasteries , Cappado - of Caesarea , 3, 7, 8, 24 , 30 , to Bethlehem , 127 , Canavar Kilise, see Soganli Clan; St. Stephen (Cat . Dere 47 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 99 , 120 , 205 , 176 , 178 no . 4), 88, 89 (ill .), 216 ; church es dedicated Betrayal (Kiss) of Judas, Capitals , sixth -century , 75 90 , 262 to , see Elevra ; cited , 162 ; 127 , 179 , 180 Cappadocia, 24, 29, 33, 34, Chairete , 191 pictorial cycles dealing Bezirhane , monastery of 35 , 230 ; Arab raids in , 25 ; , Council of , 19 ; with , 99, 164-167; portraits St. Theodore, see Monasteries hermitages in , 47; landscape memorial of St. Euphemia of, 99; quoted , 3, 7, , Cappadocian of , 9- 17; Muslim at , 90 , 162 8 , 51 , 58 , 91 , 107 , 82 , 118 presence in , 26 ; name of , Chantre , Ernest , 32 Basil, son of Michael , Cap - , 6 5; relation to Constantinople Childhood Gospel of padocian donor , 153 , 3, 9 , 29 , 121 , 123 ; rockcut Thomas , 174 289 Index

Childhood of Christ , 87 ; 112 ; Thalin , 140 church of Kauleas , 224 ; Daniel in the Lion ' s Den , pictorial cycles of , 123, Church es, Cappadocian : fall of , 30, 145; Great Palace 198 163 , 168 , 169 , 174 , 175 - 178 , Archaic , 84 - 87 , 169 - 193 ; of , 216, 224; Hagia Daphni , 136; church at, 181 , 183 , 184 , 185 , 191 , country , 77 ; cruciform , Irene (St. Irene ), 82, 88; 126 , 133 , 136 , 207 , 225 , 227 193 , 198 - 199 , 200 , 206 , 106 - 113 , 120 ; masonry , Hagia Sophia , 75, 76, 99, David, king, 133, 156, 181 210, 223; see also Adoration 23 , 43 , 77 , 112 ; monastic , 189, 193, 224; Holy Apostles Degile, monastery at, 51 of the Magi; Annunciation 53, 56; parish , 56; triconch , , 106, 207; illuminated Deisis , 127 , 195 , 224 ; at ; Flight into ; 114 - 120 , 137 ; with transverse manuscripts at, 190, 218; AyvalT Kay (Cat . no . 48), Flight of Elizabeth; Journey vault , 95 - 106 , 120 ; murals of , 190 , 223 ; Nea 226 ; at Karanl Tk Kilise to Bethlehem; Massacre see also Basilicas ; Cappa - (New Church ), 224; processions( Cat . no . 59), 153; at of the Innocents; docia , rockcut church es at, 176; Sts. Serg- Purenli Seki Kilisesi (Cat . Murder of Zacchariah ; in; Cross- in -Square ius and Bacchus , 76 ; St . no . 33), 195; at the triconch Nativity ; Presentation in church es, Cappadocian Theodore (Kilise Cami ), of Tagar (Cat . no . the Temple Church es, Coptic , 80 126 54), 115 China , 18 Church es, Mesopotamian , Constantinople, Council Delphi , 136 , Nea Moni , 225 , 226 , see Mesopotamia in Trullo , 56 Demotike , 151 227 Cilicia , 27 , 33 , 51 , 210 Corinth , 6 Demre , see Chreste , 7 Cilician Gates , 6 Cormack , R., 211 , 216 Deposition of Christ , 174, Christ in Majesty , 93, 181, Cimitile , church of St . Felix , Cosmas Indicopleustes , 180 , 208 188 , 189 , 224 ; at Ac;:Tkel 118 Christian Topography of , Derekay , valley of , 60 Aga Kilisesi (Cat . no . 9), Colobium , 185 , 205 163 Descent from the Cross , 206 ; in the church of the <;:omlek <;:i Kilisesi , Gelveri Cross, the , 88, 90, 99 (crux 122 Three Crosses (Cat . no . (Cat . no . 10), 264 gemmata ), 106, 107, 146, Descent into Limbo , see 8), 84, 85- 86 (ill .), 91; in Commagene , church of 192 ; see also Crucifixion Anastasis Hac;:11Kilise (Cat . no . 5), Surp Hagop , 105 Cross - in - square church es , Diakonikon , 104 , 233 82- 83, 91; at KTITc;:Jar Conant , K . J., 122 Cappadocian , 93, 121- 140, Didache , 57 Kilisesi (Cat . no . 37), 123, Constantine , Cappadocian 206 Didymos , Mount , see Ali 209 donor , 154 , 155 Crucifixion , 122 , 127 , 174 , Dag Christ Pantokrator (AII - Constantine the Great , 24 , 180 , 185 , 200 , 205 , 206 , Direkli Kilise , see Peri - Ruler ), 122, 127, 136, 206, 90 , 106 , 157 . 182 . 192 216, 224; at KTITc;Jar Kili - strema 207 , 223 Constantine (Dukas ), 27, sesi (Cat . no . 37), 210; at Dodo ( ), church of Christian Topography , see 154 the triconch of Tagar David -Garedja , 188 CosmasIndicopleustes Constantine VII (Porphyro - (Cat . no . 54), 115 Donors , Cappadocian , 147, Christopher, Cappadocian genitos ), 27, 193, 204, 226 Crusades , 187 ; First , 29 ; 151 , 153 - 155 ; see also donor , 153 Constantine VIII , 123 , 210 , Fourth , 230 names of individual donors Church , the , Councils of , 223 , 226 , Taq -i Kisra, 70 see Constantinople, Constantinople, 25, 33, 43, Cyprus , 145 Dormitio Mariae (Armenian Council in Trullo ; Chal - 91 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 137 , 140 , ): 203 cedon , Council of 163 , 166 , 168 , 186 , 187 , Daniel , Book of , 83 Dormition of the Virgin , Church es , see Basilicas 209 , 211 , 222 , 227 , 230 ; Daniel , prophet , 151, 156; see Virgin , Dormition of Church es , Armenian , 112 , Christ Pantepoptes (Eski church es dedicated to , Drizion : 210 140; Aght'amar, 112; Ani, Imaret Cami ), 126; see Goreme (Cat . no . 45) Durmu ~ Kilisesi : see Mac;:an 290 Index

Ecclesia , 156 , 18 Genethlios , Cappadocian (ill .), 224- 225, 227, 274; Edirne (Adrianople ), 33 Etios , 151 donor , 153 Karanlrk Kilise (Cat . no .

Edom , 18 Eucharist , see Mass George , St., 30, 157, 163- 59), 126, 127, 132- 133, 135

Egypt , 8, 57, 178, 186, 188; Eudokia , Cappadocian 164 ; church es dedicated (ill .), 136, 151, 153, 224-

trefoil chapels in, 119; donor , 154 to , 118 ; see also Mavrucan 225, 227, 228 (ill .), 274;

Flight into Egypt, 178, Euphemia , St . , 90 , 162 , 206 ; (Cat . no . 63); Ortakoy ; Kill <;:Jar Kilisesi (Cat . no .

184 , 200 Cross of , 88 ; see also Peristrema (Cat . no . 64) 37), 123, 124 (ill .), 209- Eirene , Cappadocian donor , Chalcedon Georgia , 188, 218, 225 210, 223, 269; Ku ~luk (Cat . 153 Eustathios , St . , 157 , 160 , Gerasa , Late Antique facades no . 51), 154, 227, 273; Eirene, daughter of 162 ; church es dedicated at, 69 monasteries of , 60 - 64 ; St .

Michael Skepides (?), 154 to , see Goreme ( Cat . no . Geyik Kilise, see Soganl T Barbara (Cat . no . 56), 146, Dere Eirene , empress , 157 27 ) 148- 149 (ill .), 273- 274; St.

EI Nazar , cruciform chapel Eustratios , St . , 7 Giotto , 229 Eustathios (Cat . no . 27),

at (Cat . no . 25), 109, 178, Eve , 133 , 181 Gnosticism , 208 160 , 174 , 178 , 201 , 267 ;

266 Ezekiel , Book of , 83 , 188 ; Goreme ( ), 11 (ill .), Tokali Kilise (Cat . nos . 14

Elevra , ruined church at , quoted , 84 13 (ill .), 17 (ill .), 19, 31, 38, and 39), 95, 96- 98 (ill .), 150; St. Basil (Cat . no . 3), 46 (ill .), 80, 95, 105, 114, 99, 100- 101 (ill .), 102- 104,

90 , 262 Facades , Late Antique , 69 , 136, 140, 174; <::ar Tk IT Kilise 106 , 120 , 121 , 147 , 154 , Elijah , 179 75 ; Persian , 69 ; see also (Cat . no . 58), 125 (ill .), 164- 167 (pictorial cycle

Elizabeth , St ., 169 , 175 , 178 , A <;: iksaray ; Ma <;: an ; Monasteries 126, 127, 129 (ill .), 131 of St. Basil's life ), 169, 170- 183 , 201 , Cappadocian ; Peri - (ill .), 224- 225, 227, 274; 173 (ill .), 178, 180, 190, Elmali Kilise , see G6reme strema Chapel 3, 88, 201; Chapel 191 - 193 , 200 , 210 - 211 , Elpidius, 19 Fekham Pa ~ a , 32 6 (Cat . no . 19), 95, 201, 214- 215 (ill .), 216- 218,

Entombment of Christ , Flight into Egypt , 178 , 184 , 265; Chapel 8 (Cat . no . 222 , 264 , 270 ; unnamed 174 , 180 200 20), 201, 265; Chapel 13, church (Cat . no . 15), 200,

Entrance , Greater , of Flight of Elizabeth , 178 201; Chapel15a (Cat . no . 265 ; see also Monasteries ,

Mass , 104 Florence , Biblioteca Lauren - 22), 201, 226; Chapel 16 Cappadocian

Entrance , Lesser , of Mass , tiana , Gospel book in , (Cat . no . 39a), 95, 164, Gough, M., 43, 155, 226 104 184 211, 219 (ill .), 270; Chapel Gransault , joannes , 34

Entry into Jerusalem , 122, France , Gothic sculpture 17, 123; Chapel 18, 95; Greece , 82 151 , 169 , 179 , 184 , 200 in , 229 Chapel 27, 22 (ill .), 109; Gregoire , H ., 45 Ephesos, church of St. Chapel 28 (Cat . no . 52), Gregory of , St., John , 82; Seven Youths Gabriel, archangel, 83, 132, 157, 158- 159 (ill .), 273; 24 , 32 , 120 , 163 , 205 ; manuscripts of , 177 157, 181, 198; at <;:avu~in Chapel of Daniel (Cat. of , 155 , 166 ; Ephraim , St., 165 (Cat. no. 38), 218; at no . 45), 271; Chapel of quoted, 47, 58- 59, 106 Erciyas Dagi (Mount Ar - Tagar( Cat. no. 54), 115 the Theotokos (Cat . no . Gregory of , St., 24, gaeus ), 5, 9, 25, 33, 157 , 6 21), 163, 164, 181, 201, 120 , 205 ; cited , 162 ; Eski G (jm (j ~, monastery Gallus, 24 266 ; church entrances , quoted , 106, 163 and church at (Cat . no . Gaspar, seeMagi 56; description of , 64; GOIIO Dere , Ayvali Kilise 49), 43, 59- 60, 137, 138 Gelveri, <;:6mlekc;:i Kilisesi ElmalT Kilise (Cat . no . 57), (Cat . no . 16), 181, 200, (ill .), 147, 155, 226, 272 (Cat. no. 10), 264 126- 128, 130 (ill .), 134 204, 208, 265; chapels at, 291 Index

Gullu Dere (continued ) Hosios Lukas , the church Infancy of Christ , see Childhood 141 , 169 , 175 , 176 , 178 , 80 ; Church of Three of , see Stiris of Christ 179 , 183 , 193 , 198 , 217 ; Crosses (Cat. no . 8), 84, Hyacinthus , 6 , 3 church es dedicated to , 85- 86 (ill .), 91, 93, 263 Iris river (Ye~ilrrmak ), 8 see <::avu ~in Gul ~ehir , see Arabsun Ibrahim Pa~a, 31 Isaac , 90 , 107 John Climacus , St., Ladder Guyer , S., 105 ! ( ), 3, 29, Isaiah , Book of , 83 , 188 ; of Divine Ascent , 191 ; Guzel6z , see Mavrucan 118 quoted , 84 quoted , 162, 163, 192, 195 Iconoclasm , Iconoclastic Ishran (Georgia), 218 John the Divine , St., see Habakkuk , 188 Controversy , 27, 56, 88, Israel , children of , 156 , 179 Revelation of St. John the Ha<;:ITKilise , see KlzTI (: ukur 90 , 93 , 121 , 145 , 157 , 162 , , 30 , 31 ; see also Divine Hah (Mesopotamia ), 163 , 167 , 168 , 185 , 186 , Constantinople John the Russian (Ioannes church of al - Adra , 119 187 , 189 , 206 , 207 , 226, 227 Rossos), 30, 31 Hahul (Georgia), 218 Iconodules , 88 , 90 Jordan , 18 Halys river , see Krzrlrrmak Iconography , Christian , in jacob , 90, 107 Jordan river , 179 Ha milton , William ) 0' 33 ; Cappadocian art , 182- 204; James, St., 179; see also Joseph , St., 175, 176, 177, quoted , 34 see also individual names Book of James 178 , 199 , 201 ; at Karanl Tk Hardovios, king of Caes- of apostles , saints , archangels Jephonias , the Jew , 199 Kilise (Cat . no . 59), 132; area , 25 , prophets , and Jeremiah , Book of , quoted , see also History of Joseph Harrison , Ro Mo , 119 events . 132 the Carpenter Hasan Dagr , 9, 38, 43 Iconostasis , 123 , 141 ; at Jeremiah , prophet , 132 Joseph of Arimathaea , 180 Helena , Sto, 157 , 192 Elmalr Kilise (Cat . no . 57), , 210 Joseph the Jew, 165 Herakleia , 188 126 Jerphanion , Guillaume de , Joseph of Melitene , 231 Hermitages, Cappadocian, Ihlara , 43, 59; Aga <; Altr 33 , 34 , 38 , 43 , 45 , 47 , 60 , Joshua, 210 47 Kilisesi (Cat . no . 30), 109, 70 , 75 , 80 , 84 , 88 , 118 , 123 , Journey to Bethlehem , Hermolaos , Sto, 157 ; 111 (ill .), 112- 113, 194- 195, 151 , 161 , 164 , 166 , 167 , 127 , 176 , 178 church es dedicated to , 198- 203, 267; Egri Ta~ Kili - 182 , 184 , 188 , 201 , 205 , Judas, 133, 180, 224; see see Peristrema sesi (Cat . no . 29), 153, 210 , 211 , 218 , 224 also Kiss of Judas; Last Herod, king, 169, 176, 177, 194 - 195 , 198 - 203 , 267 ; Jerusalem : 6; Temple of , Supper 178 , 183 Kokar Kilise (Cat . no . 32), 175, 216; see also Entry Judgment of Annas and , 5 194, 198- 203, 268; Kuzey into Jerusalem Caiaphas , 182 Hieron , Sto, 19 , 31 Anbar Kilisesi (Cat . no . Joachim , St., 115, 184; Judgment of Pilate, 182 History of Joseph the Carpenter 47), 226, 272; POrenli Seki church es dedicated to , Judith , 199 , 174 Kilisesi (Cat. no . 33), 194- see KlZl1 Cukur Julian the Apostate , emperor , 5, 34 195 , 198 - 203 , 268 ; Vrlanlr John , Cappadocian donor , , 24 Holy land , 8, 29, 57, 182, Kilise (Cat . no . 31), 26, 153 Justinian I, emperor , 51 , 76 185 , 187 , 205 ; see also 107, 108 (ill .), 109, 110 John , St., 133, 179, 180, 199 (ill .), 147, 160- 161, 162, John , St., Gospel according Kalliste , 7 Honnan Province (China ), 164, 194- 195, 196- 197 (ill .), to , cited , 133; quoted , Kaaussie , martyrium of St. 18 199 - 200 , 203 , 267 179 , 180 Babylas, 106 Horozluhan (near Konya ), Incarnation , 206 , 207 John the Baptist , St. (the Karaba ~ Kilise , see Saganl ! 29 Incesu , 29 Precursor ), 76, 115, 127, Dere 292 Index

Karadag , 82 K Tz TITrmak (Halys river ), 9, Leo ( Phokas ), 210 Maria , Cappadocian donor , Karanlrk Kale, see Monasteries 60 Leo VI , the Wise , emperor , 153 , Cappadocian Koehler , W ., 227 27 , 56 , 193 Maria, daughter of Karanl Tk Kilise , church , see Koimesis , see Virgin , Dor - Libanius , 120 Michael Skepides (?), 154 G6reme mition of Life of St . Theodore , 118 Marina , St ., 157 , 160 , 161 , 162 Karanl Tk Kilise , monastery , Konya (Iconium ), 3, 29; Liturgy , Byzantine , 127, see Monasteries , Cappa - Mosque of Alaeddin , 118 146 , 188 , 192 , 224 Marmashen , cathedral of , 112 docian Konya , near , Horozluhan , Longinus , St., 180, 216 Karasu (Melas river ), 31 29 Lucas , Paul , 32 Marriage at Cana, 169, 217 Martha , 133 , 179 Kar ~T Kilise , see Arabsun Korama , see Goreme Luke , St., Gospel according Mary , 133, 179, 180 Katastroma (qestroma ), Koran, the, 33; quoted , 18 to , 175, 184; cited , 178 103 , 104 Koulep , 153 Lycia , 82, 119 Mary the Egyptian , St., 164, 200 Katharevousa , 151 Kurbinovo , St. George , 227 , 27, 28 Katpatuka , 5 Kyrillos , 7 Mary Magdalene , 180 Kavseri , 5, 29 , 32 , 33 , 43 ; Ma <;:an (Avc Tlar), ancient Mass , 107; Byzantine (Eucharist see also Caesarea Ladder of Divine Ascent , Matianoi , 9, 10 (ill .), 14 ), 81, 104, 156; Kemerhisar , see see John Climacus , St. (ill .), 27, 31, 80; classical Greater Entrance , 104 ; Kemerli Dere (BoyalT Lafontaine - Dosogne , J., facades at , 70, 71 (ill .), 80; Lesser Entrance , 104 Massacre of the Innocents , Dere ), 150 43 , 118 , 140 , 185 Durmu ~ Kilisesi , 82 ; mentioned Kepez , SarTca Kilise (Cat. Lalibela , 18 in Acts of St . 177 , 184 no . 36), 95, 137, 139 (ill .), Last Judgment, 195, 200; at Hieron , 19 ; Yusuf Ko <;: Kili - Masud , sultan , 30 140, 269; unpublished Kar~i Kilise (Cat . no . 61), sesi (Cat . no . 55), 273 Matthew , St., calling of, 217 church at , 95 153; at Yilanli Kilise (Cat . Macellum , 24 Keykhusrev , sultan , 30 no . 31), 107, 160, 195 Magi , 177, 198; at Karanl Tk Matthew , St., Gospel according Khansu Province (China ), Last Supper , 122, 127, 174, Kilise (Cat . no . 59), 132; to , 184; cited , 18 179 , 180 , 199 , 224 ; at see also Adoration of the 133; quoted , 157, 178, KilT <::Asian , Izzeddin , 118 Karanlik Kilise (Cat . no . Magi 180 ; 224 Matthew of , 28 KTIT<;:Jar ('Valley of Swords '), 59), 133 Malatya , 28, 29 16 Latmos (Herakleia ), 50; Maletto (Sicily ), 18 Mavrucan (Guzeloz ), 60, 118 ; Church of the Strat - KTIT<;:Jar Kilisesi , see monasteries , 188 Mamas , St ., 24 G6reme Lausanne , Treaty of , 34 Mamasun , 43; Kay Ensesi ilates (Cat . no . 63), 275; KTrk Dam Alt T Kilisesi , see Lavra , see Monasticism , Kilisesi (Cat . no . 35), 269 cruciform church at (Cat . Peristrema Eastern Manuscript illumination , no . 2), 81, 205, 262 Kiss of Judas, 127, 179, 180 Lawrence , St ., 156 27 , 155 , 167 , 182 - 187 , 190 , Mecca , 31 , 5 Kitzinger , Eo, 227 Lazarus, see Raising of 202 , 218 ; see also Florence ; KTzTI( :ukur , valley of , Lazarus Gregory of Nazianzus ; Mediterranean , 3 , 9 chapel (Cat . no . 6), 262; Lectionaries , 207 , 231 Leningrad; Moscow; Paris; Melas river (Karasu ), 31 chapel of Joachim and Leningrad, Gospel at Rossano, Gospels of; Melchior , see Magi Anna (Cat . no . 13), 147, (Codex gr . 21), 218 Sinope Gospels Melendiz river , 29 , 43 , 58 , 59 184 - 185 , 264 ; Ha <;:IT Kilise Leo, Cappadocian donor , Manzikert (Malazgirt ), (Cat. no . 5), 78 (ill .), 82- 84, 154 battle at , 29 , 123 , 230 Melias (Mleh ), Armenian 91 , 93 , 262 Leo the Deacon , 19 , 23 Mara ~, 29 general, 28 293 Index

Melias magistros , 28, 160, Karanl Tk Kale , Peristrema , (Cat . no . 39), 211, 216; at 271; chapel of Niketas 210 53, 55 (ill .), 59, 65, 104; Tagar (Cat . no . 54), 115 the Stylite (Cat . no . 7), Melitene , 6, 231 Karanl Tk Kilise , Goreme , Nazianzus (Nenezi ), 32, 58 262; SaklT Kilise (Cat . no . Merkurios the Scythian , 7 51, 52 (ill .), 54 (ill .), 62- 63 Needle - rocks , 48 , 50 53), 227, 273; Tav~aniT Mesopotamia , 27, 103, 120, (ill .), 64, 65; KTzlar Kalesi , Nenezi , see Nazianzus Kilise (Cat . no . 26), 201, 211 ; church es in , 103 - 105 , Goreme, 64; legislation Neonilia , 7 204 , 266 119; temples in, 103 for , 51 , 56 ; refectories in , Nero , 7 Ortak6y , 60, 165; triconch Meteor a , 50 51 ; relation to hermits Nev ~ehir , 9, 31 , 32 , 60 church of St. George, Michael, archangel, 83, and ascetics , 51 ; size of , , 230 ; cathedral of , 118 , 153 157, 181, 198; at <::avu ~in 56 ; St . Theodore at Bezir - 164 , 167 ; church of the Orthodoxy , the Triumph (Cat . no . 38), 218; at hane , 53, 125 (ill .), 126; Dormition , 88 ; Council of of , 91 , 93 , 121 , 122 Karaba ~ Kilise (Cat . no . see also Eski G (jm (j ~ (AD 324), 164; Seventh Ottomans , see Turks , Ottoman 50), 154; at Tagar (Cat . Monasteries , Egyptian , 57 General Council at , 90 no . 54), 115; at Y Tlanl T Monasteries , Grecian , Nicholas , brother of emperor Kilise (Cat . no . 31), 107; 51 Leo VI , 193 Painters , Cappadocian , church es dedicated to , Monasticism , Eastern , 7, 8, Nicholas I, pope , 166 147 , 150 - 152 , 176 , 186 , see Ihlara (Cat . no . 47) 47 , 56 ; lavra system of , 51 Nicodemus , 180 190 , 191 , 201 , 205 , 216 , Michael III , emperor , 27 Monreale , cathedral mosaics Nicodemus , Gospel of , 181 222 , 223 ; see also Etios , Late Antique facades , 227 Nigde, 29, 43, 59; bishop Painter 's Guide (of Mount at, 69; market gate Morey , Charles Rufus , 187, of , 31 Athos ), 133 at , 69 218 Nikandros, St., bishop of Painting , mural , Cappado - , Gabriel , 182 , 183 , Moscow, Menologion of, Myra , 154 Clan , 27 , 44 - 45 , 80 , 84 , 88 ; 218 161 Nikephoros , Cappadocian art -historical importance , Miracles of Christ , 87 , 123 , , 59 , 179 donor , 153 145; binding media, 43, 163 , 168 , 169 , 174 , 178 - 179 , Mount of Olives , 182 Nikephoros (Phokas), 27, 147 ; decorative motives , 191 , 200 , 210 , 223 ; see Multiplication of the 210 146; plaster beds , 43, 88; also Baptism of Christ ; Loaves , 155 , river , 59 147, 150; preliminary Marriage at Cana; Multiplication Mulvian Bridge, battle of Niphon , monk , 154 sketch es, 150; techniques of the Loaves; the , 90 Nisibis , 28 , 150; see also Pictorial Raising of Lazarus; Transfiguration Murder of Zacchariah , 169 , Nola (Cimitile ), church of cycles ; and individual of Christ 178 , 183 St . Felix , 118 names of church es Misli , 31 Mustafapa ~a, see Sinassos Nymphaea , 69 , Muslim (Ukhaidir ), Mistra , 145 Myra (Demre ),St. Nicholas , 70 Monasteries , see also Ak - 82 Ochrid , St. Sophia , 161 Palaces , Parthian , 103 ; kale ; Degile Old Testament , 107 , 112 , Ashur , 70 Monasteries , Cappadocian , Naples , 118 114 , 127 , 156 , 162 , 169 , Palaces, 5assanian (Ctesi - 51-64; Archangelos near Nativity , 122, 126, 127, 176, 181 , 188 , 189 , 191 , 195 , 198 phon ), 70 Cemil , 51, 276; Aynalr 178 , 190 , 199 , 201 , 206 , Onuphrios , St., 157 Palestine , 51 , 119 , 186 , 187 , Kilise , 60, 61 (ill .), 69, 79; 224; at Egri Ta~ Kilisesi Orarion , 156 190; see also Holy land courts in , 59; daily (Cat . no . 29), 203; at Ortahisar , 15 (ill .), 16, 38, Pantelei "mon , 5to, 157 services at , 57 ; decoration Karanlrk Kilise (Cat . no . 39 (ill .), 95; Cambazl T Pantokrator , Christ , 122 , of , 146 ; facades of , 64 - 70 ; 59), 127, 132; at Tokalr Kilise (Cat . no . 44), 230, 127 , 136 , 206 , 207 , 223 294 Index

Paris, manuscripts , 184, 231 St. Hermolaos (Karagedik Pseudo-Amphilochios , Life Rott , Hans , 23 , 24 , 45 , 64 , Passion of Christ , 87 , 106 , Kilisesi ), 164; see also of St. Basil, 164, 167 95 163, 182; pictorial cycles Belis!rma; Ihlara; MonasteriesPseudoMatthew , Gospel Rustiakos , monk , 154 of , 122 , 123 , 155 , 168 , 169 , , Cappadocian; Yap- of, 198 174 , 178 - 181 , 191 , 200 , rakhisar SaklT Kilise , see Ortahisar 210 , 223 ; see also Ascension , 5 Qartamin : monastic Salah, church of Mary of Christ ; Burial of Peter , St ., 133 , 179 , 194 ; church at , 104 Ya'qub al-Habis, 104 Christ ; Crucifixion ; Entry Ordination of First Deacons Qestroma , see Katastroma Salome , 132 , 176 into Jerusalem; Judgment by, 217 Quincunx church es, see Samsun (Amisos ), 6 of Annas and Caiaphas ; Peter the Great , 30 Cross - in - square church es Sarcophagi, Roman, 152 Judgment of Pilate; Kiss Petra , 18 SarTca Kilise , see Kepez of Judas; Last Supper Petronas , 27 Rachel , 178 Sarvistan , palace at, 103 Paul , St ., 6, 25 , 194 ; Phlogotheel, archangel, Rafadalle (Sicily ), 18 Sasi ma , 58 quoted, 156 132 Raising of Lazarus, 127, Scaenae frontes , 69 Paulinus , St., bishop of Phokas , see Bardas ; Leo ; 169 , 179 ; at Karanl Tk Kilise (STvas), 28 Nola , 119; quoted , 118 Nikephoros (Cat . no . 59), 132- 133 Sebaste , Forty Martyrs of , pendentives, 127; Turkish, Photios , Cappadocian Ramsay, Sir William , 51 7 , 28 , 157 , 177 , 198 ; at 118 donor , 154 Raphael, archangel, 132 <;:avu ~in (Cat . no . 38), Pentecost (Descent of the Pictorial cycles , Cappado - Red Sea , 7 160, 210; at Chapel 3, Holy Spirit ), 122, 155, 181, Clan, 43, 80; Archaic cycle , Refectories (trapezai ), see G6reme , 88 ; at Suve ~ 192 , 198 , 224 ; at KIII <;:Jar 84 , 87 , 169 - 193 ; Ihlara Monasteries , Cappado - (Cat . no . 62), 161; at Kilisesi (Cat . no . 37), 209 cycle , 168, 194- 204, 208, Clan Y Tlanl T Kilise (Cat . no . 31), Peristrema , valley of , 25, 224 ; of saints , 161 - 167 Restle , M ., 43 , 88 , 152 , 218 , 107 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 195 ; 43 , 60 , 95 , 106 , 123 , 140 , Pisidia , 160 261 church es dedicated to , 151 , 160 , 168 , 224 ; A <;:lkel Pompeii , 27, 177; mural Resurrection of Christ , see Suve ~ (Cat . no . 62) Aga Kilisesi (Cat . no . 9), painting at, 152 206 , 207 Second Coming , 140; at 80 , 206 , 208 , 263 ; Ala Kilise , 6 Revelation of St. John the Balkam Dere (Cat . no . 1), (Cat . no . 42), 164, 224, Presentation in the Temple Divine , 83 , 188 ; cited , 80; at Y Tlanl T Kilise (Cat . 271; Bahattin Samanllgl , 122 , 178 ; at A <;:lkel 106 , 107 no . 31), 195 Kilisesi (Cat . no . 18), 200, Aga Kilisesi (Cat . no . 9), Romanos , St ., 156 Seferis , George , 25 265; Balli Kilise (Cat . no . 206; at chapel 16, Goreme Romanos Diogenes , emperor Selephouze, 199 34), 269; Bezir Ana Kili - (Cat . no . 39a), 211; at , 29 Selime , 43 , 59 ; Kale Kilisesi sesi (Cat . no . 60), 275; descriptionTokal ! (Cat . no . 39), 217 , 6 , 167 ; Golden (Cat . no . 11), 264 of , 58; Direkli Proof by the Bitter House of Nero , 7; Old St . Seljuks , see Turks , Seljuk Kilise (Cat . no . 41), 123, Draught, 175- 176, 183 Peter 's, chapel of John Serbia , 145 124 (ill .), 223, 224, 271; facadesProthesis , 104 , 105 , 234 ; at VII , 206 ; S. Clemente , 167 ; Shansi Province (China ), at, 65, 67- 68 (ill .), Tagar (Cat . no . 54), 119 S. Maria Egiziaca , or de 18 69 , 75 ; Karabaca Kilisesi , Protoevangelion, see Book Gradellis (temple of Fortuna Shapur I, king of Persia, 29 261 ; Kirk Dam Altl Kili - ofjames Virilis ), 166, 167, 203; Shensi Province (China ), sesi (Cat . no . 64), 30, 153, Proverbs, Book of, quoted, S . Passera , 167 18 160 , 231 , 275 ; monasteries 132 Rossano , Gospels of , 182, Sicily , rockcut towns in , 18 at , 53 , 58 , 59 ; name of , 58 ; Psalms, quoted , 57, 179 184 , 187 Siculiano (Sicily ), 18 295 Index

Simeon, St., the Stylite, 47, Stiris, 136; church of Theodore, St., 157, 162; Oc;hisar, 16, 20-21 (ill .), 36 48, 162, 163 Hosios Lukas, 126, 133, church es dedicated to , (ill .), 38 Sinai , Mount , 19; icons at, 136, 137, 207, 225 see Mavrucan (Cat . no . Ukhaidir , palace of , 70 185; St. Catherine, 182, , 7, 32 63); Orgup( Cat. no. 12) Ulfila, apostleof the 218 Sty/oi, 48 Theodore (Laskaris ), em - , 6 Sinassos(Mustafapa ~a), Sultan han, 29 peror, 30, 230 Orgup( HagiosProkopios ), 31; Holy Apostles (Cat. Sumbullu Kilise , see Peri- Theophano , 210 9, 12 (ill .), 16, 19, 22 (ill .), no . 17), 104, 200, 265 strema , 121; Hagia 27, 30, 38, 43, 60; St. Sinope Gospels , 187 Suve~, 27; church of Forty Sophia , 208; Hosios Theodore (Cat . no . 12), Sisinios , 151 Martyrs (Cat . no . 62), 151, David , 80, 188 91, 264 STvas, 28, 33, 43 230, 275 Thierry, N. and M., 28, 38, Uriel, archangel, 132 STvasa, octagon at, 24 Symposion , 27 43, 59, 82, 84, 95, 112, 160, Sivrihisar , KTzTIKilise , 112 Synopsis Chronike , 23 164, 168, 201, 202, 203, 204 Valens , emperor , 164 Skepides, John, 154 Synthronon, 82, 234; at Thomas, St., 133, 179; Chi Id- Valerian, emperor, 29 Skepides , Michael , 153, Hac;IT Kilise (Cat . no . 5), hood Gospel of , 174 Vases, Attic , 152 154 82; at St. John the Baptist , Thousand and One Verrocchio , 229 Sku pi , church of Forty <;:avu ~in , 81 Church es (Binbirkilise ), Verzone , P., 75 Martyrs , 23, 109 Syria, 27, 186, 187, 190; 82, 118 Vienna , Mechitaristes Li- Soandus, 32 Christian architecture of, Thousand and One Nights, brary, Gospel book, 203 Sobesos (Suve~?), 27 69, 106, 119; temples in , 25 Virgin , Assumption of , 199 Soganl T Dere , 32, 64, 174; 103 Three Youths in the Fiery Virgin , Dormition of , 122; Akkilise , 24; Ball Tk Kilise Furnace , 177 at Agac; Alt T Kilisesi (Cat . (Cat . no . 28), 155, 201, Tagar, triconch church at TokalT Kilise , see Goreme no . 30), 113, 199, 203; at 267; Belli Kilise (Cat . no . (Cat . no . 54), 114- 115, Tomarza , church of the YTlanl T Kilise (Cat . no . 31), 24), 28, 60, 104, 266; Ca- 116- 117 (ill .), 118- 120, Panagia , 23, 109 199, 203 navar Kilise (Cat . no . 66), 121, 145, 227, 273 Tozer , H. F., 27 Virgin , iconography of the , 231, 276; Church A, 137, Talk (Georgia), 218 , emperor, 7 standing, 88; as Mother 139 (ill .); description of , Talas (Mutalaske ), 33 Transfiguration of Christ , of God , 122, 141; of the 60; Geyik Kilise (Cat . no . , 6 127, 169, 179, 182, 224 Nativity , 132; see a/so 46), 154, 160, 271; Karaba ~ Tartarus , 109 Trebizond ( ), 33, Deisis ; Nativity Kilise (Cat. no . 50), 79, Taurus mountains , 6, 23, 145 Visitation , the , 175, 199, 104, 153- 154 (donors ), 27, 153, 210 Trinity , the , 174 200, 223 226-227, 272; monasteries Tav~aniTKilise , see Orta- Troglodytes, 23 Vodoca (), fres- at, 60; St. Barbara (Cat . hisar , 34, 119 coes , 161 no . 40), 210, 211, 220- 221 Temples , pagan , 70; see Turks , Ottoman , 30, 31, 33, (ill .), 222, 223, 225, 270 a/so Mesopotamia ; Syria 34, 38 Weigand , E., 211 Sohag, 19 Thabor, Mount , 179 Turks, Seljuk, 29, 120, 153, Weitzmann , K., 27, 218 Solomon , 132, 133, 151, Thalin (Armenia ), church 230 Wilamowicz , 6 156, 181 of the Virgin , 140 Tyana (Kemerhisar ), 6, 7, Wood , D ., 190, 192, 193 Stephen , St., 156; church es Thamar , 30 29, 32, 210 Women at the Tomb , 127, dedicated to , see Cemil Thamoud , 18 Tzamandos , 27 174 , 180 - 181 , 200 ; at the Stikharion , 156 Theodora , empress , 226 Tzimiskes , John , 27 chapel of the Theotokos 296 Index

Women at the Tomb (continued ) (Cat . no . 21), 181

Xanxaris , 32 Xenophon , 18

Yaprakhisar, facade at, 65 Ye~il Trmak (Iris river ), 8 Y Tlanl T Kilise , see Ihlara Yozgat , 33 Yusuf Ko <; Kilisesi , see Ma <; an

Zacchariah, Cappadocian donor , 154 Zacchariah , father of St . john the Baptist , 176, 178; Murder of , 169 , 178 , 183 Zazadin Han , 29 Zechariah , Book of , 151 Zechariah , prophet , 188 Zencidere , 34 Zilve , 51; chapels at, 80, 90; hermitages at, 47- 49, 163 ; minarets at , 35 ; St . Simeon , 201 , 266

Zoe , empress , 193 Zosimus , St ., 164