1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--SENATE 4851 3004. Also, petition of Alma Sanders, of struggling for the maintenance of justice terial at Government-owned esta·blishments; McL

1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4873 Mr. LA FOLLETTE. Mr. President, they have an abundance of oil and are will lighten the blow, and I think effect will the Senator yield to me at that point? to be deprived of its use in a State where a more satisfactory solution of the Mr. ELLENDER. I yield. it is so essential. I think it is utterly problem. Mr. LA FOLLETTE. I agree whole- absurd for the Government to put into The problem is to get the agencies of heartedly with nearly everything the operation an unnecessary rationing Government together, to bring those who Senator from Louisiana has said about system in a situation of that kind. are in the industry together, and to ef­ the gasoline-rationing situation. I sim- Montana is a State with vast distances feet gasoline rationing .which will be jus­ ply wish to point out that in the particu- and widely scattered cities and towns, tifiable and which we will be able to lar section of the country in which I live totally lacking in adequate transportation defend and vindicate. the Petroleum Industry Committee has facilities in the absence of automobiles. Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I publicly announced that in order to re- We not only do not need rationing but it wish to thank the Senator from New York fine the fuel oil which they are now refin- seriously disrupts our economy. [Mr. MEAD] for his splendid presentation ing and shipping eastward to the sea- Mr. ELLENDER. I thank the Senator of his views in respect to the question at board to supply factories for the war ef- from Montana for his recommendations. issue. I wish to say that the Senator is fort, they must also produce gasoline. Mr. MEAD. M~. President, will the a valuable Member of the Senate Small If they cannot sell the gasoline through Senator yield? Business Committee and I appreciate his the usual outlets, the gasoline will be Mr. ELLENDER. I yield. untiring efforts in its work. wasted. I simply wanted to emphasize Mr. MEAD. I believe the discussion Mr. KILGORE. Mr. President, will the and support the Senator's statement that to which we have been privileged to listen Senator yield? we cannot expect people to accept in good and which has been led by my distin­ Mr. ELLENDER. I yield. grace a rationing order when they know guished colleague the Senator from Mr. KILGORE. Has the Senator from that the article which is being rationed Louisiana, points out the value of the Louisiana ever heard of any reason for is being dumped into the sewers, or contribution made in this particular field Nation-wide rationing other than the burned, or otherwise destroyed. by the Small Business Committee, headed conservation of rubber? Mr. ELLENDER. I thank the Senator by our distinguished colleague the Sen­ Mr. ELLENDER. I have not. from Wisconsin for his contribution to ator from Montana [Mr. MURRAY]. We Mr. KILGORE. In other words, that this debate and I may say that a similar have a number of agencies of gov~rn­ is the general theory? situation prevails in my own State. The _ ment concerned with the vital problem Mr. ELLENDER. The Senator is cor­ Standard Oil Co. of Louisiana is now en- which the Senator from Louisiana is now rect. gaged in establishing plants in order to · discussing-the rationing of gasoline. Mr. KILGORE. Did the Senator read produce synthetic rubber, and crude oil The committee referred to provides the a release to the press yesterday which will be used for that purpose. One of the · medium whereby these conflicting or described the proposed rationing system? ingredients that must be extracted from · separate and distinct agencies of gov­ . Mr. ELLENDER. I read it hastily. oil used in producing synthetic rubber is ernment will have an opportunity to come Mr. KllnORE. Under the theory of gasoline, and unless we are permitted to together. The questioning on the part conservation of rubber, the purpose be­ utilize that gasoline something else will of the members of this committee pro­ hind the rationing is to eliminate unnec­ have to be done with it. If we cannot use vides direction to the solution of the essary and nonessential uses of motor it for motor transportation, it will either problem. For instance, the Petroleum vehicles. Yet yesterday's proposed plan have to be dumped or burned, or some Coordinator, the Office of Emergency would give to every vehicle 4 gallons other method will have to be employed so Transportation, the Office of Price Ad­ of gasoline a week for nonessential uses, as to dispose of it. The storage facilities ministration, and the various divisjons which means that every automobile will for gasoline are now used almost to ca- having to do with this problem are use 4 gallons of gasoline a week, and the pacity, and I doubt-if any more can be brought together as a result of the efforts tires be worn down to that extent. If constructed. My guess is that within 30 of the Small Business Committee. An this is a move to save rubber, why issue days after a national rationing regulation exchange of views and of viewpoints re-· gasoline for nonessential uses at all? becomes effective one of two things will suits in the development of solutions That is the point I wish to make. occur at the Standard Oil Co. of Louisi- such as that contained in the report we Mr. ELLENDER. I appreciate the ana and many other oil refineries of the are now receiving. I believe that be- Senator's demonstration of the folly of Nation; that they will either have to fore Nation-wide rationing restrictions it all. drastically curtail production, maybe are made effective an inventory should Mr. MURRAY. Mr. President, will the close down entirely, or if they continue be made of all the facilities involved, Senator again yield? production, dl:!stroy large amounts of transportation facilities, facilities for the Mr. ELLENDER. Gladly. gasoline. · refinement of petroleum products, avail- Mr. MURRAY. · I merely wish to ex­ Mr. MURRAY. Mr. President, will the ability of petroleum, and the effect of press my accord with the statement made Senator yield? the Nation-Wide rationing upQn the by the distinguished Senator from New Mr. ELLENDER . .I yield. country's morale, upon unemployment, York [Mr. MEAD]. It seems to me it is Mr. MURRAY. I wish to say that I am upon the destruction of small independ­ absolutely important that there be some in full accord with the views expressed ent business, and the effect upon taxes medium by which the various depart­ by the distinguished Senator from which are so very necessary in order that ments of the Government which have Louisiana. I have just returned from we may carry the war load. to do with rationing problems can con­ Montana, where we have developed a very Mr. President, I believe we ought to fer with the elected representatives of considerable oil industry. Already as a ration to a reasonable degree, to a degree the people and give an explanation of result of the rationing ~f automobiles sufficient properly and ·effectively to carry what they are trying to do. As the re­ .and tires as well as the 'IOluntary action on the war effort, but to go beyond that, . sult of the conferences we have already of our people in. the conservation of rub- to become unreasonable and restrictive, held under the auspices of the Special ber the use of automobiles has been will result in an indictment of the Senate Small Business Committee, when· greaily reduced. If gas rationing is now agencies who formulate and issue the or­ we brought the representatives of the put in operation in our State it will mean ders and instructions, and in a measure Price Administration and other Govern­ the closing down of a number of oil re- will be, in my judgment, an indictment of ment officials before us, many miscon­ fineries. As the distinguished Senator the administration of the Government at ceptions were cleared up and the situa­ from Wisconsin [Mr. LA FOLLETTE] has this time. · tion was made plain to them. Follow­ just stated, they have to manufacture · We ought to see to it that the distribu­ ing those conferences they immediately gasoline in connection with the general tion of gasoline and petroleum shall be modified many of the very stringent regu­ operation of the oil industry, and if they adequately, and as fully as possible, car­ lations which they were attempting to are sh\lt off from the sale of gasoline it ried on, and that there shall be no casu­ put into operation. means that the industry deptived of its alties if they can be avoided. I believe Mr. ELLENDER. I may say to the market will close down, and it will create that if we exploit the various channels Senator from Montana that I have sug­ serious unemployment. It will also which are open to us, if we bring these gested the holding of a conference in create a feeling of resentment on the agencies together for a discussion of this this brief statement of mine. The Sen­ part of the people of those States where problem before rationing. takes place, we ators from the oil-producing States met 4874 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JUNE 4 , last week and urged that a hearing be effort to make use of such scrap rubber rubber and about 90,000 tons of reclaimed held to discuss the matter fully in all its for the purpose of increasing the supply. rubber, or 9,000 tons of reclaimed rubber ramifications before any rationing order Has the Senator any information on that a month. That is only a drop in the is issued. subject? bucket. Every effort ought to be made Mr. MURRAY. It seems absurd to me Mr. ELLENDER. Yes. Let me say to to put this proposal into operation. that we should be capable of providing the Senator that at present there seems Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, will an enormous supply of oil and gasoline in to be no incentive to pick up the scrap the Senator yield for one further obser­ the State of Montana, and at the same rubber. We have evidence showing that vation? time be prohibited from using it within there is as much as 10,000,000· tons of Mr. ELLENDER. I yield. or sending it outside our State by unwise rubber available throughout the country. Mr. BARKLEY. As I stated a moment regulations from departments of the . Factories which are now engaged in re­ ago, the American people are willing to Government not fully familiar with all claiming rubber cannot run to full capac­ do whatever it is necessary for them to the circumstances and conditions. ity because of their inability to obtain do, and they will do it without complain­ We could ship tremendous quantities scrap rubber. In order to meet that sit­ ing. It may be a great inconvenience, of oil and gasoline to the coast if we uation, in the bill which I introduced but they are willing to do it. were give~1 the opportunity to do so; but, last Monday it is provided that before One of the troubles about rubber is that instead of that, we find that this absurd any automobile owner who desires tires there does not seem to be any unanimity rationing system is to be put into opera­ may obtain them he must bring to his of opinion about the rubber situation. tion, which will close down the oil indus­ dealer an old tire for each new tire pur­ The head of one agency makes the state­ try of Montana. I think it is the most chased. The facts show that from an ment that there is such a shortage of rub­ unreasonable effort at regulation I ever old tire enough rubber can be reclaimed ber that there will be no rubber for pri­ heard of. I cannot understand why a to recap two tires; and that from three vate use before 1944 or 1945. SomebodY Government agency should undertake to old tires two brand-new tires can be else makes the statement that rubber is take such a step without having a full made from reclaimed rubber. not so scarce, and that very shortly there understanding of what it is doing . . · Mr. BARKLEY. That is a provision will be a great amount of synthetic rub­ Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, will in the Senator's bill, which is not the ber. The public does not know what are the Senator yield to me for a question? law~ the facts. It seems to me that the vari­ Mr. ELLENDER. I yield for a ques­ Mr. ELLENDER. Let me say to the ous agencies-dealing with the rubber situ .. tion. Senator that we had the facts to justify ation ought to coordinate among them­ Mr. BARKLEY. I think we are all in­ us in putting that provision in the bill. selves, get together on the facts, and let terested in the problem of gasoline ra­ Mr. BARKLEY. I have not talked the people know the facts. Whatever tioning, whether we come from oil-pro­ with Mr. Nelson about the rubber situa­ the facts are, and however unfavorable ducing States or not. At first it was tion as it relates to the rationing of gaso­ . they may be, I think the American people suggested that gasoline rationing be in­ line. I have great confidence in the dis­ can be relied upon to do whatever is augurated throughout the country in or­ interested sincerity and singleminded­ necessary in order- that the war effort der that everybody might be put on the ness of Mr. Nelson's purpose in connec­ may be speeded up and facilitated to the same basis so far as gasoline is con­ tion with the war effort. I am inclined greatest possible extent. cerned, and in order that one section to give him credit prima facie for 'being Mr. ELLENDER. I thank the Senator. might not enjoy a privilege which was not right; and I am sure that he and his as­ Mr. BARKLEY. There ought to be a enjoyed by other sections. sociates have given consideration to all clarification of the rubber situation from Frankly I did not see very much basis the, avenues, approaches, and angles of sources which cannot be disputed, and for such a proposal, because we all know gasoline rationing. which are in touch with it day by day. that there is plenty of gasoline in the However, it occurs to me superficially Mr. ELLENDER. I entirely agree with country. The only reason why there is that if there is a vast quantity of unused the Senator. any rationing in the East is because of rubber in the country which can be Mr. NORRIS. Mr. President, will the the sinking of tankers and the lack of used-even dismissing for the moment Senator yield? sufficient transportation to bring oil and the expense of its recapture and recon­ Mr. ELLENDER. I yield to the Sen­ petroleum products to the East. ditioning-before we ration the entire ator from Nebraska. That reasoning has been abandoned, if country on gasoline and thereby close Mr. NORRIS. It is obvious to an on­ it was ever seriously considered. I think down the refineries of the country, and in looker who listens to the statements of there is no merit in capriciously putting turn automatically close down the oil grave and reverend Senators that not in a rationing system because we want fields, which may .run into salt water only is unanimity necessary, but it is to put everybody in the United States before they are reopened, thereby in­ obtained in the Senate. The Senate on the same basis, regl::trdless of the need. volving a tremendous economic loss to knows how to handle the rubber situa­ . The question seems to have come down the country, every consideration should tion; and the coordinators, or whatever to this: The only basis upon which it is be given to the possibility of recapturing they may be called, who are in charge proposed that gasoline shall be rationed this rubber; whatever the amount may of the rubber situation, are all wrong. throughout the country is for the pur­ be, and in some way closing down o'n the It is quite evident from the discussion pose of conserving rubber. I think the use of rubber and automobiles for other which has been going on for the past American people are willing to undergo than· necessary purposes. This should hour and a half, and the statements of any sacrifice or hardship in this war be done before a. Nation-wide rationing Senators· who know more about the rub­ provided they are reasonably convinced scheme is put into effect regardless of ber business than do any of the coordi­ that it is necessary. I have recently been the need or the supply of oil or gasoline nators, that there ought to be no regula­ in my State, and I found there a won­ in any part of the country. tion ' of gasoline which would affect the derful state of ·public opinion. That is my superficial reaction. I use of rubber or interfere with it i!l any Mr. ELLENDER. I have no doubt of it. ·have given some thought to the matter, way. Mr... BARKLEY. The people are ahead and have discussed it on a number of We can handle the situation. That of us. They have been ahead of us on occasions with men high in authority has been demonstrated in the past hour the whole war program. They are wil­ who are dealing with the subject. and a half. It was further demonstrated ling to do whatever is necessary. I think Mr. ELLENDER. That is really what by the great speech made this afternoon that is the general sentiment of the the committee had in mind in proposing by the Senator from Florida [Mr. AN­ country. Naturally they want to know that at least 20,000,000 passenger cars be DREWS], who called attention to the steel whether a given proposal is necessary~ kept in operation. and iron in sight in the Senate Chamber. We cannot always rely upon what we From the evidence which was produced He called attention to 80 tons of iron, hear or see; but over the radio and in before us there is no question that with 85 or 90 tons of steel, and, the great the newspapers I have heard and read the production of 30,000,000 retreaded quantity of other metals. He called at­ that in the United States there are vast and recapped tires we could maintain tention to something which made chills stock piles of- scrap rubber which are not , ~ 20,000,000 cars. - To repeat, that can be run up and down my spine, wh~n he said ·in use, and that there has been no real done by utilizing only 3,500 tons of crude that if the facts should become generally 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4875 known we might all be arrested for Texas, Oklahoma, and other States. daily at a speed of between 30 and 40 hoarding steel right here in the Senate. There is no reason in the world why g~so­ miles an hour will deteriorate less than That demonstrates that we know how line should be rationed in this country, one which is not used, but which is stored to regulate rubber and gasoline and that except alone the lack of transportation in a garage. we ought to do it. It has been demon­ to the east coast, and, in my judgment, Mr. MAYBANK. Mr. President, will strated that 96 Senators can do a much the rationing should be confined to the the Senator yield to me? better job than can 1 person who wants east coast. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. to be a tyrant, dictator, or something I wish to say here and now that if I DoxEY in the chair). Does the Senator else, and set the pace for the whole have an opportunity to vote along that from Louisiana yield to the Senator from country. It seems to me that we have line, I shall do so. Even though we have South Carolina? had a demonstration of how to settle already delegated to Some gentleman the Mr. ELLENDER. I yield. the whole thing; and I do not see why right to vote for us, we still have a right Mr. MAYBANK. Let me say that I we should not proceed to settle it. to vote here; and if such an opportunity feel, just as the Senator from Tennessee Mr. McKELLAR. Mr. President, will arises, I shall vote as I have indicated. does, that every effort should be made the Senator yield? I desire to say to the Senator from to make certain that nothing is done Mr. ELLENDER. I yield. to the sen­ Louisiana [Mr. ELLENDER] · that 1 think which will cause any loss of time -in ator from Tennessee. his treatment of the subject is very war production or cause any dissatis­ Mr. McKELLAR. Like the Senator proper and very timely. We should look . faction among any groups of people. I from Kentucky, I have just returned into it now, before something is done, nave just returned from South Carolina, from my own State. I found a very un­ rather than be sending up committees and I know that the Senator's state­ usual situation there. I try to keep up to see if we cannot get it undone. ment is correct. In South Carolina we with my State, and I believe I do so fairly I think that some of the very unusual are rationed. In Tennessee there is no well. orders which have been issued are injur­ rationing. That situation is extremely Tennessee has pipe lines running all ing business in this country to an im­ hard on the people in the northwestern the way from the to mense extent. I do not think this is the section of South Carolina, who are a very Chattanooga and Nashville. Tennessee time to injure business. I think we short distance from Tennessee; they find has an ample supply of gasoline and an should help business wherever we can, it very difficult to understand why they ample supply of transportation. Petro­ so as to have more money with which to cannot use gasoline which is hauled leum products can be shipped from Lou­ win the war. That is the main purpose. through South Carolina and into Tennes­ isiana and other States into Tennessee by It should be the main purpose of every see, where it is used. They are perfectly the Mississippi, the Tennessee, and the man, woman, and child in America-to willing to give up all their gasoline and Cumberland Rivers. I cannot under­ win this war. Why do we want to de­ to do without any gasoline if they under­ stand why we should be penalized be­ stroy business by foolish general orders stand the situation. cause there is a dearth of transportation which mean nothing except a good deal The same thing is true wit!) reference on the east coast. of newspaper publicity for the man who to the pipe line. The pipe line runs It is said that we should not have any­ is issuing the order? through the upper part of South Carolina, thing to say about it in the Senate. The For these reasons I say that if the . and goes into North Carolina, and from­ senior Senator from Nebraska [Mr. NoR­ matter comes to a vote, and if I can be there gasoline is transshipped. Recently Ris] says we should not bother about it, of any service in voting to prevent the I rode on the highways of South Caro­ that we should let the managers look issuance of a general order of the kind lina, going to a college commencement. after it. I do not agree with him. I referred to, I certainly shall do so. There was no traffic; there was no move­ think we have been employed to do that We are told that we should conserve ment or life. The asphalt had come up work. We have been elected by the rubber; and we know that, so far as rub­ between the concrete blocks because the people of our respective States to do such ber is concerned, the situation is bad. automobiles had not. been moving over it work, ~nd I think we should not only However, we should remember that rub­ so as to keep it down. The tax collec­ have something to do about it but we ber deteriorates almost as rapidly when tions have fallen off terrifically. I may should look into it and see what we should it is not used as when it is used. Every­ say that the people of South Carolina, do, and then do it. We should do our one knows that; I do not think there is for whose benefit no gasoline-tax collec­ duty. any difference of opinion about it. I tions will be made if the present situa­ Why should all the rest of the country have no doubt that if a measure some­ tion continues, feel that if the matter be penalized by a gasoline restriction be­ what like the senator's bill were passed­ had been carefully thought out and care­ cause of a lack of transportation to the ! do not mean his bill, for I have not fully and equitably worked out the neces­ east coast? I simply cannot understand examined it with sufficient care; I simply sary sacrifice would be borne by all. that. I say to the Members of the Sen­ know in a general way what it provides­ My only thought about the matter is ate that what the situation means in my and if an organization were effected for in keeping with the Senator's resolution State-! do not know what it means in the purpose of conserving and remanu­ that the Senate let the people know what other States-is that the gasoline busi­ facturing what rubber we have, there is necessary to be done. They cannot ness will drop off to nothing; those who would need be very little cessation or in­ understand the situation in connection are engaged in the gasoline business, terruption of business at all. That would with a pipe line which passes through those who are engaged in the automobile be very much better for the entire coun­ their State, whereby gasoline is taken to business, those who are engaged in the try, because this is no time to stop pro­ areas to the north, after passing through tire business will lose their businesses, duction. When we stop production any­ the central part of our State; and they and consequently the Government will where along the line, we stop taxes. We cannot understand why they are rationed, lose an immense amount of taxes. might as well make up our minds that and receive A cards, whereas persons liv­ Where are we going in this matter? I when we abolish automobiles, when we ing north of them have all the gasoline do not see the necessity of enacting a abolish gasoline, when we abolish the they need. general rationing law simply because on eating of sugar, and when we abolish the So I hope tnat before anything further the east coast there is a dearth of trans­ various other things we are about to is done the Senate at least will make it portation for gasoline. I think the Pres­ abolish, there will not be the business, possible for the people of the rationed ident was entirely correct the other day and there will not be the resultant taxes States to understand the situation. They when he suggested that there should which come from business. will give everything they have. It makes be provided pipe-line transportation For reasons I have stated I wish to no difference what happens to the bonds from the oil fields to the east coast; say that the Senator has my very great and the finances of South Carolina, when and I should be delighted to vote for sympathy. war is concerned and when it is our de­ a bill providing for such a pipe line, · Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I de­ sire to do everything possible to be done so as to give the people of the east coast sire to thank the distinguished Senator in order to win the war; but it does make ample supplies of gasoline. We all know from Tennessee. We have in our rec­ a difference when the indexes come out that there is practically an unlimited ords ample evidence to show, as he has and the highway reimbursements and the supply in the West and in Louisiana, just· stated, that a tire which is used school districts and all other agencies 4876 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JUNE 4 of the State and local governments are transportation facilities which are avail­ when they have had the advantage of affected by the lack of revenue from abl~. gasoline should be carried entirely having all the gasoline they desired, to gasoline taxes, when the pipe line runs across the State of Georgia, almost 300 contribute to the States which have suf­ through the State, and when the people miles, by pipe line to the Tennessee line, fered a loss in revenue. do not understand the necessity for re- and there placed .in trucks and carried I do not know whether or not this stricting them. ' into Tennessee and sold absolutely with- gasoline rationing is necessary. I assume So I want to commend any resolution out restriction. It is difficult for them to it is. Those in charge of it say it is. which will result in bringing out the facts understand why gasoline should be taken But certainly it should ·have been op­ so the people will·know them and so that out of pipe lines in Georgia and carried erated upon a better basis; and it has some sensible solution may be found to into the State of Alabama, and there sold been very unfortunate-and I am sure help win the war. If it takes all we have, without any restriction or limitation the Senator from Louisiana has touched that is all right; but let us find out what whatever. upon this matter-that we should have is necessary, and let the people know. Cutting off the use of gasoline is not had the people alarmed when there was Then they will gladly and joyfully sacri- merely a question of personal conven- no shortage of gawline, and should have flce everything they have. ience; it is not a question of pleasure or so many conflicting statements coming I thank the Senator. joyriding; it affects the business of a from every bureau or agency having any­ Mr. RUSSELL. Mr. President, will the State, and it certainly has a tremendous thing to do with this question, one Senator from Louisiana yield? impact upon the revenues of a State. agency saying there is no shortage, an­ Mr. ELLENDER. I yield. In my own State about $4,800,000 of other saying that the shortage is so Mr. RUSSELL. I regret that I was gas taxes annually is allocated to the great that we are likely to have to close called from the floor and was deprived of support of the common schools in the down industries which operate with fuel the opportunity of hearing all the dis- rural ·areas. That fund is the State oil; and probably each of them changing cussion on the subject of rationing, a school equalization fund, and without it its views from da,y to day. matter which has been more or less dis- the common schools in the rural areas Someone in authority should take turbing to the people of every section of cannot operate, because that is the fund charge of this situation and deal with it the Nation. to which all the people of the State con- fairly and justly and impartially as be­ I am confident that the people whom tribute to enable them to bolster up and tween the people of all sections of the I have the honor to represent in part in support the schools in the poorer coun­ Nation. If that is done, no one will have this body are as willing to sacrifice for ties. In · practically every' State, I as­ just cause for complaint. the ultimate victory as are the people of sume, the highway system is kept in con­ any other section. They have proven dition through the use of revenues de­ Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, will the that through every step of the program rived from the sale of gasoline and motor Senator yield? which has brought us down to this hour. fuel. Mr. ELLENDER. I yield. They have proven it in the enlistments In my State, in addition to the high­ Mr. BARKLEY. I do not wish to delay in the Army in that section, and by their ways and the schools, from time to time the S2nate unduly. - I know how anxious support of proposed legislation. the gasoline' taxes have been diverted the Senator from California [Mr. JoHN­ Practically every poll that has been to general State purposes, and have sup­ SON] is to have a bill taken up for con­ taken has shown that they have almost plied deficiencies in other funds and en­ sideration. However, in view of the unanimously approved every one of the abled the State to operate. It may be facetious remarks made · by the s·enior legislative proposals designed to prepare that is a bad practice, but it has been Senator from Nebraska [Mr. NoRRIS] a this country for war, and they are willing a practice which has obtained in the while ago about Congress knowing more today, as they have ever been in the past, past. To have the State now put on concerning this matter than any one else, to make any sacrifice which inay be nee- a ration basis as far as gasoline is con­ I do not wish my remarks to be so in­ essary to assure victory at the earliest cerned, when it is said there is an ade­ terpreted. I do not think Congress can possible date. quate supply of gasoline available, cer- determine wh'ere and wh2n rationing However, they are at a loss to under- tainly places an unusual burden on the must take place. That authority must stand some of the things which are hap- State treasury, which is not in any too be centered in some one. The object of pening today. For example, gasoline is good shape to start with. my observations a while ago was to bring being rationed in Georgia at the present Mr. President, it is my own view that to the attention of those charged with time. Word went out from Washington any form of regional rationing is un­ this responsibility some considerations not so many months ago that it would be democratic, that the transportation fa­ which I think ought to be taken into ac­ necessary to have means for the trans- cilities Of this Nation should be pooled, count, and which perhaps have been taken portation of gasoline, a!ld since that time and that any sacrifice entailed by virtue into account, in regard to the gasoline two pipe lines have been built entirely of rationing transportation faci1ities situation. There has been no order issued across the State of Georgia. One of should be borne equal1y by every State rationing gasoline throughout the coun­ them enters the State on the Florida line, and by the people of every section. It try. There may not be any such order and ends within a mile or two of the would be just as reasonable to say that issued. I do not know whether there will Tennessee line, · on the north. Another we are to ration cotton shirts in every be. But in reaching a conclusion about enters the State on the Alabama line, and State of the Union except in those. which it, certainly all the facts with respect to traverses the State entirely from east to have textile mil1s as it would be to put gasoline and its production, and rubber west, running into South Carolina. gasoline rationing on a purely regional and its production and use, ought to be There are two pipe lines with an enormous basis. taken into consideration, and I have no capacity of gasoline and oil which now I cannot conceive of any reason why right to assume that they have not been traverse the State, both north and south Georgia has been placed in .the ration or will not be. I should not want anyone and east and west. I have been informed area unless it is because we happen to to understand me as thinking that every by those who should know that those touch upon the Atlantic seaboard. The time we reach the point where we ought pipe lines are not being operated to full States upon the Atlantic seaboard should to ration something Congress should pass capacity at the present time. I have not be compelled to stand alone in bear- on the question. I do not think we should further been told that there are large ing this burden, and if the present system do that. supplies of gasoline available within the shall continue, in my judgment, those Mr. GUFFEY. Mr. President, will the State of Georgia today, and that with States will be amply justified in coming Senator yield? very few exceptions all the storage facili- to the National Congress and asking that Mr. ELLENDER. I yield. ties of the State are full to overflowing the revenues which have been lost to the Mr. GUFFEY. If the Senator from with gasoline. State treasuries by virtue of the States Kentucky will read the speech I made on If it were necessary to ration gasoline having been included in any narrow · the floor of the Senate earlier today on in this country, and if rationing were im- region for the purpose o:( rationing the subject of gasoline rationing, I think posed on a national. basis, I do not believe should be made good out of the National he will find that I have placed my finger there would be any complaint from the Treasury. Certainly the States which on the weak spot in the whole program, people of my State; but it is difficult for have not suffered any impairment or'loss which is divided authority at the present them to understand how, with all the of revenue whatever should be willing, time. I hope the Senator from Kentucky 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4877 will read my speech, and I believe he will any sacri.flces ·necessary to win the war. of the amount of gasoline on hand or avail­ then agree with me. Their morale should not be lowered by need­ able; Mr. BARKLEY. I have always read less governmental restrictions. In most Whereas this will stop the wheels of our the Senator's speeche.'3 with great in­ States ample supplies of gasoline can be made automobiles and trucks now, just as surely available without in any manner affecting and effectively as if most of our tires were terest, and I shall wait impatiently until our war effQrt, and why the people in such to be rendered useless overnight, thereby I get the printed RECORD tomorrow. States should be placed in the same category causing a stagnation of business now, with Mr. McKELLAR. Mr. President, wili as the people in less fortunate States where the resultant lowering of incomes, that could the Senator-yield? gasoline is unavailable is beyond me. One of and should be postponed until our tires are . Mr. ELLENDER. I yield. the reasons advanced for such a step is for actually worn out, 2 or 3 years from now; Mr. McKELLAR. I wish to make an the preservation of rubber. Experience has Therefore be it observation in connection with what the shown that rubber tires will deteriorate from Resolved by the House of Representatives nonusage at -a rate equal to or even greater · of the State of Louisiana, That a protest be distinguished Senator from Kentucky than the wear on tires that are driven at a and is hereby entered against the rationing has just said. Of course, Congress will moderate rate of speed, are inspected periodi­ of gasoline at this time, in all sections of not attempt to ration gasoline or any­ cally, and properly maintained. It strikes me our country where there is an abundance of thing else. It is our duty, however, to that rather than ration gasoline we should gasoline on hand or available, providing there fix the rules under which rationing may provide rules and regulations for the proper is no danger of a shortage of gasoline for our be done, and if we do not do so we will maintenance and operation of automobiles war needs; and be ' it further not be living up to what the people of the and tires. Aside from all of this, Mr. Presi­ Resolved, That copies of this resolution be country expect from us. We ought to dent, gasoline rationing will cripple the mailed to the President, Price Administrator, finances of many States, some of wh~ch War Rationing Board, and Congress of the fix the rules under which these things depend entirely on revenues from gasoline United States of America. are done, so that orders may be issued in in order to retire their bonds and other obli­ fairness and justice to every section of gations. Many depend on such revenues for MOBILIZATION OF SMALL BUSINESS FOR the country, and equity be established. the maintenance and upkeep of their WAR PRODUCTION-CONFERENCE RE­ That is the position I take with respect schools and other institutions. I urge you to PORT suggest to Mr. Nelson that a conference be to the matter. We do not wish to do held so that this problem can be thoroughly Mr. HUGHES. Mr. President, I pre­ any State or any community an injustice; discussed and ventilated before any steps sent the conference report on Senate bill but we should discuss the whole situation toward Nation-wide gasoline rationing ' are 2250, the bill to mobilize the facilities of of rubber and of gasoline together, and taken. Kindest regards. small business in the interest of the suc­ then fix the rules under which the ad­ ALLEN J . ELLENDER, cessful prosecution of the war. I ask ministrators can carry out the directions United States Senator. unanimous consent for its present ·con­ of the Congress. Today I received a timely resolution sideration. Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I that was unanimously adopted by the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The re­ may state to the distinguished Senator House of Representatives of the State of port will be read. from Tennessee .that I understand the Louisiana which is now in session, and The report was read, as follows: Senator from Colorado [Mr. JoHNSON] I ask unanimous cons·ent that it may be proposes to introduce a bill affecting printed in the RECORD following my re­ The committee of conference on the dis­ gasoline rationing this afternoon. agreeing votes of the two Houses on the marks. amendment of the House to the bill (S. 2250) When I was interrupted about an hour There being no objection, the resolu­ and a half ago I was discussing with the to mobilize the productive facilities of small tion was ordered to be printed in the business in the interests of success;ful prose­ Senate the effect of a national rationing RECORD, as follows: cution of the war, and for other purposes, program. I will repeat what I stated a House Resolution 9 having met, after full and free conference, while ago, that I predict that in order have agreed to recommend and do recom­ to enforce Nation-wide rationing of gaso­ Whereas the United States of America is mend to their respective. Houses as follows: line it will require a large army of en­ now at war, and the people of this great That the Senate reqede from its disagree­ forcement officers, and that bootlegging Nation are, once again, fighting for the ment to t.he amendment of the House and cause of freedom; agree to the same with amendments as will thrive. The cost of enforcement will Whereas, in order to win this war, among be follows: enormous and the loss of revenue from other things, it has become necessary for On the first page of the House engrossed gasoline taxation -will be immense, due our people to buy War Bonds, pay more taxes, amendment, in the last line on such page, to bootlegging which is bound to :flour­ and ration many articles. strike out the words "the production of'' and ish, as I have just indicated. Whereas, in order to be able to buy a suffi­ in lieu thereof insert the words · "produc­ Such a regulation is bound to affect cient amount of War Bonds, and pay a suffi­ tion by." the morale of our people in no uncertain cient amount of taxes,. it .is necessary for On page 5 of the House engrossed amend­ our people to have a sufficient income, and ment, line 14, strike out "$200,000,000" and degree. Liberty-loving people are not in order for them to have a sufficient in­ prone to abide by useless restrictions of in lieu thereof insert "$150,000,000"; and come, it is necessary to keep the wheels of on the same page, in · line 18, strike out . their rights without much unrest and commerce and industry turning; "$200,000,000" and in lieu thereof . insert dissatisfaction. True, it may be neces­ Whereas, in order to keep the wheels of "$150,000,000." sary to conserve gasoline and rubber to commerce and industry turning, it is neces­ On page 12 of the House engrossed amend­ win the war, but, Mr. President, let us sary to keep the wheels of our automobiles ment, line 24, before the period at the end not overlook the vital necessity of con­ and trucks turning; of section 8 insert a colon and the following: serving public morale, without which vic­ Wherea.s, in order to keep the wheels of "Provided, That such guaranties, agreements, tory cannot be achieved. our automobiles and trucks turning as long or commitments are unconditional and must Mr. President, as most Members of this as possible, and thereby keep the wheels of be performed by payment of cash or its commerce and industry turning, it was found equivalent within 60 days after demand. body are aware, a meeting of many Sena­ necessary to conserve tires by rationing same, The Comptroller of the Currency is hereby tors from oil-producing States was called and by reducing the speed limit to 40 miles authorized to define the terms herein used a few days ago so as to arrange for a con­ per hour; if and when he may deem it necessary." ference with officials of the War Produc­ Whereas, considering the rationing of tires, On pages 15 and 16 of the ·House engrossed tion Board in order to provide for a full the reduction in speed, the large amount of amendment, strike out all of section 12 of discussion of this problem before any fur­ new tires on h and, and the large amount of such amendment and in lieu thereof insert ther restrictions are imposed, and, as far used tires on the thousands of used cars the following: · · as I know, little progress has been made. now standing idle on the used-car lots "SEc. 12. Whenever the Chairman of the throughout this Nation, it appears certain War Production Board shall, after consulta­ Yesterday I sent the following tele- that the wheels of our automobiles and tion with the Attorney General, find, and gram to the President: · trucks can be kept turning in many sections so certify to the Attorney General in writing, WASHINGTON, June 3, 1942. of our country for many months and pos­ that the doing of any act or thing, or the Han. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, sibly until we have fought our way to vic­ omission to do any act or thing, by one or Presi dent of the United States, . tory; more persons during the period that this Washington, D. C.: Whereas gasoline is now about to be ra­ section is in effect, in compliance with any The press states that you contemplate the tioned throughout the Nation, for the avowed request or approval made by the Chairman rationing of gasoline throughout the Nation. purpose of further conserving tires, by mak­ in writing, is requisite to the prosecution of I hope t hat is not true. I am confident that ing it impossible to use automobiles and the war, such act, thing, or omission shall be the American people will cheerfully submit trucks in other than a very restricted man­ deemed in the public interest and no prose­ to rational rationing and in fact will make ner in all sections of our country, tegardless cution or civil action shall be commenced 4878 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JUNE 4 with reference thereto under the antitrust with him and then, after consultation, which was satiSfactory to Mr. Nelson and laws of the United States or the Federal he still has complete authority to deal Trade Commission Act. Such finding and the Attorney General both, and so the certificate may in his discretion be with­ with the problem and to issue orders in conferees substituted "consultation" for drawn at any time by the Chairman by effect suspending the antitrust laws with "approval." giving notice of such withdrawal to the respect to agreements or procedures Mr. AUSTIN. I thank the Senator Attorney General, whereupon the provisions deemed by the Government to be neces­ from Ohio. of this section shall not apply to any subse­ sary in the winning of the war. I un­ Mr. HUGHES. The Senator from quent act or omission by reason of such find- . derstand that this authority will extend Ohio is entirely correct. ing or certificate. ' during the existence of the emergency, Mr. NORRIS. Mr. President, will the "The Attorney General from time to time, and that the Chairman of the War Pro­ but not less frequently than once every 120 Senator yield? days, shall transmit to the Congress a report duction Board will thereafter, at his own Mr. HUGHES. I yield. of operations under this section. Reports discretion and in his own judgment, Mr. NORRIS. I wanted to ask a ques­ provided for under this ·section shall be withdraw the orders so as to reestablish tion of the Senator from Ohio. As I un­ transmitt1=d to the Secretary of the Senate or the effectiveness of the antitrust laws, derstand, the Van Nuys bill, which is the Clerk of the House of Representatives, &s in which case he is to notify the Attor­ pending in the Judiciary Committee, was · the case may be, if the Senate or the House ney General. Is . tbat substantially not before the conference committee, al­ of Representatives, as the case may be, is not correct? in session. though members of the conference com­ Mr. HUGHES. The Senator from Ken­ mittee may have also been members of "The Attorney General shall order pub­ tucky is quite correct. I will say, in ad­ lished in the Federal Register every such the Judiciary Committee. certificate and, when he deems it in the pub­ dition, that the conference committee Mr. HUGHES. I will say to the Sen­ lic interest, the details of any plan, program, considered the matter very carefully, con­ ator that while, of course, the Van Nuys or other arrangement promulgated under, or sulting with the different authorities, the bill was not before the conference com­ which is the basis of, any such certificate. Attorney General, Mr. Arnold, a1;1d others, mittee, we did consider the fact that in "This section shall remain in force until and the bill in its present form is entirely the Senate there was such a bill which 6 months after the termination of the satisfactory to them. present war or until such earlier time as the was before the Judiciary Committee, and Congress by concurrent resolution or the Mr. AUSTIN. Mr. President, will the we did consider the provision in the Van President may designate, but no prosecution Senator yield for a question? Nuys bill in connection with section 12 or civil action shall be commenced thereafter The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the of the bill which is now before the Senate. with reference to any act or omission occur­ Sena'.;or from Delaware yield to the Sen­ We tried to reconcile the difference that ring prior thereto if mch prosecution or civil ator from Vermont? existed as to whether we should use the action would be barred by this section if it Mr. HUGHES. I yield to the Senator word in the original House bill or the remained in force." from Vermont. word in the Van Nuys bill. And the ·House agree to the same. Mr. AUSTIN. In the last consideration Mr. NORRIS. While the Van Nuys JAMES H . HUGHES, of this bill 'IJy the Judiciary Committee, bill is a different bill, entirely independ­ ROBERT F. WAGNER, my recollection is that there were added ent of the one which was 1n conference, FRANCIS MALONEY, to the amendment words requiring the . CHAS. W. TOBEY, it became important before the confer­ ROBERT A. TAFT, assent of the Attorney General. Were ence committee, as I understand, be­ ManageTs on the part of the Senate. those words stricken out in conference? cause the Hause-- Mr. HUGHES. Of course, the bill to HENRY B. STEAGALL, Mr. HUGHES. The Van Nuys bill was CLYDE WILLIAMS, which the Senator refers is not the bill not before the conference committee at BRENT SPENCE, now before the Senate. The Senator has all. JESSE P. WOLCOTT, in mind, I think, a bill known as the Van Mr. NORRIS. Because the Hous~had FRED L. CRAWFORD, Nuys bill which deals entirely with the adopted a provision similar to that in the Managers on · the part of the House. one. subject of the antitrust laws. That Van Nuys bill as an amendment to the bill was considered by the subcommittee Senate bill relating to small business. The PRESIDING OFFICER.. Is there of the Judiciary Committee of which the objection to the present consideration of Therefore, it became important for that Senator from Wyoming is chairman. . reason only that the conference com­ the report? This is the small business bill, to which, mittee should consider the Van Nuys bill. There being no objection, the Senate in the House, there was added an amend­ They changed it, I think, materially, as . proceeded to consider the report. ment known as section 12. The confer­ compared to the House amendment to Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, I ence was largely about that section. The the small business bill. As it was finally should like to inquire of the Senator from bill now before the Senate does not have agreed to in conference, I have grave Delaware the effect of the so-called anti­ anything to do with the bill which is be­ doubt whether they have improved it, trust amendment which was added to the fore the Judiciary Committee except in because the chairman of the War Pro­ small-business bill by the other House, the way it deals with the same subject. duction Board will not be required by and which has been modified to some Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, will the law to pay any attention to what the At­ extent by the conference committee. Senator from Delaware yield to me? torney General may think. The only As I understand, the House adopted to Mr. HUGHES. I yield to the Senator thing that is required of the Chairman the bill an amendment which gave the from Ohio. of the War Production Board is that he Chairman of the War Production Board Mr. TAFT. I should like to answer the shall consult with the Attorney General. almost, if not completely, exclusive au­ Senator from Vermont, if I may. The The Attorney General has no voice to thority in undertaking to suspend the conference committee took the Van decide what shall be done. If the Attor­ antitrust laws with respect to agreements Nuys bill and substituted it for the House ney General were prosecuting, for in­ and procedures necessary to the war ef­ provision of the small business bill, with stance, under the antitrust laws, the War fort, and that in conference that was one exception. Where the Van· Nuys bill, Production Board Chairman could stop modified so as to require the Chairman approved by the Judiciary Committee, the prosecution, could he not? He would of the War Production Board to consult provided that the Chairman of the War have to talk to the Attorney General the Attorney General. That is substan­ Production Board shall act after approval about it, but he could stop the prosecu­ tially the only difference between the two by the Attorney General, the conference tion. provisions. report provides "after consultation with Mr. TAF·T. Mr. President, will the Mr. HUGHES. That is practically the the Attorney General." In other respects Senator from Delaware yield? only difference. we adopted all the provisions of the Van Mr. HUGHES. I yield. · Mr. BARKLEY. So, if I understand Nuys bill. That was the only question Mr. TAFT. The Attorney General the Senator's interpretation-and I de­ on which we finally could not get the himself testified that he did not want sire to get his interpretation-while this House to agree to the provisions of the that power, that he felt he should be proposed new law under the conference Van Nuys bill. The House provision had consulted so that he could point out report requires the Chairman of the War nothing about the Attorney General at what-might be the result of setting aside Production Board to consult the Attorney all. We finally compromised with the the antitrust laws in a particular case, . General, he does not have to abide by the . House by agreeing on a provision for con­ but that if, having pointed that out, the Attorney General's opinion. He consults sultation with the Attorney General, Chairman of the War Production Board 1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~SENATE 4879 still felt that what was proposed was thinking of the law, without reference to are certain inherent conditions of good faith essential to the national effort, he, as the men; either the head of the War Pro­ which must not be violated, and there are Attorney General, said, "I have nothing duction Board, or the head of the De­ certain procedural conditions, such as mak­ to do with that; I think Mr. Nelson should ing demand within a specified period, giving partment of Justice. I fear that a se- notice to the guarantor, protectin g collateral, have that reSponsibility, and I do not . rious dispute will arise regarding en­ turning over of the obligation and collateral see how I can share in it, for I do not fol_'cement of some law enacted by Con­ to the guarantor upon performance of the have the facts as to what is necessary for gress. guarantee, and the like, which are almost in­ war production." Mr. HUGHES. The Senator will recall variably present. The presence of conditions The Attorney General said, "I am en­ that when we discussed the matter before of. this type, of course, would not prevent tirely satisfied if I am given the oppor- the Committee on the Judiciary I was guarantees or commitments from being un­ . tunity to point out to Mr. Nelson what entirely in accord with the view he ex­ conditional for the purpose of the new ex­ the result of a setting aside may be, and, pressed; but we could not get the con­ ception, and the Comptroller of the Currency, if it were necessary, could define this term if after he has considered my views, he ferees to agree. so as to make this entirely clear. In this wishes to go ahead, I think the ·responsi­ Mr. NORRIS. I, understand that, and way, it is believed that the purpose of the bility ought to be entirely with him." I am not finding fault. section can be carried out with flexibility and So I think that the compromise-and Mr. WAGNER. Was there not also a efficiency, so that unlimited loans of the na­ it is a compromise, for under the House provision which has not been discussed, ture contemplated thereby may be made by bill he did not even have to consult the which I think is important, namely, that national banks, provided they do not con­ - Attorney General and while in the Van the Attorney General is required to make tain features or conditions which r.c.ight jeop­ ardize the liquidity of any national bank or Nuys bill he had to get his approval­ a report to Congress every 120 days as to the safety of the national banking system. ! think the compromise reached is a fair the policy? I think that is very impor- It is not intended· to interfere in any way one; and it is satisfactory to all officials tant. ' with this .Program in operation under the -of the Government concerned. I my­ Mr. HUGHES. Yes; and that was one President's Executive order. · self think it is a sound solution of the of the changes which was made in the difficulty. We did not like to depart from Van Nuys bill in the Committee on the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The the recommendation of the Judiciary Judiciary. · question is on agreeing to the conference Committee; we attempted to get the Mr. WAGNER. Yes. report presented by the Senator from House to agree to that provision; but Mr. HUGHES. And that part of it the Delaware. they absolutely said that they would not, conferees accepted very readily. It does The report was agreed to. under any circumstances, agree to it. provide for a report. INTERIOR DEPARTMENT. APPROPRIA­ Consequently, I think that the proposal Mr. President, I ask that a statement .TIONS here,· both on its merits and because it ·which I have here in relation to section 8 The PRESIDING OFFICER laid before has made it possible to reach an agree­ of the conference report be made a part the Senate a message from the House of ment, is very reasonable and just. Of the RECORD. Representatives announcing its disagree­ Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Preside.nt, I may There being no objection, the state­ ment to the amendments of the Senate say that the House conferees declined to ment was ordered to be printed in the to the bill

Mr. McKELLAR. Mr. President, will to the draft. Second, when we go into pendents of adcll~ional sums sufficient to the Senator yield to me? the question of dependents, I think we provide them with reasonable subsistences. might well draft the men with B· de­ No limitation was placed upon the amounts Mr. TAFT. I yield. of the supplementary payments which might Mr. McKELLAR. When I was at home pendents-father or mother-who could be made by the Administrator. After care­ last week · I was asked why there is no be properly taken care of by allowances, ful consideration of 'this proposal, the com­ certainty as to what registrants shall be before we draft the men with families. mittee has determined that it would be in­ called from the various classes, when they That, I understand, is also General Her­ advisable to provide for the making of sup­ are to be called, and whether those who shey's view. Then possibly we might plementary payments and has eliminated the have no wives and children shall be called draft the men who are married but with­ original title II provisions from the bill. first, and then the registrants who have out children, and whose wives, at least Elimination of the . title II provisions has, in the opinion of the committee and of the wives but whose wives are self-support­ presumably, can live on the allowance representatives of the War and Navy De­ ing, and so on down the line until the or go to work and make further provi­ partments, made it advisable to increase the class of men the Senator from Ohio has sion for their support; next married men amounts of the payments to be made by just mentioned is reached-men 30 years under 30 years of age; and in the last such De}'>artments. Consequently, the re­ of age or over with wives and children. group married men over 30 years of age ported. bill provides for the payment by the Complaint has been made to ·me that with dependent children. War and Navy Departments of sums which there has seemed to be too much uncer­ All the figures show that we would not ·are, in several instances, larger than those provided for by the bill as introduced. tainty under the present law about when have to use the men coming in the last Title I of the reported bill provides for the registrants would be called. They group, and that the men over 30 years of· tne payment of family allowances by the are perfectly willing to go when they are age with families should be told to get Government to the dependent or dependents needed, but they would like to have the into war work at home and meet the vast of enlisted men of the lowest four grades authorities clear up the uncertainty re- · demands for industrial workers. in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast garding when they have to go. This bill does not materially affect the Guard. Enlisted men of the first three grades Has the Senator from Ohio received question of industrial deferment. It is who have dependents are entitled under existing law to receive Government quarters any similar complaints? essential that the whole question of man­ or· a rental allowance in lieu thereof. The Mr. TAFT. · That is exactly the kind power be considered, and that the Direc­ enlisted men to whose dependents allow­ of complaint I receive. That is why I tor of the Selective Service System and ances· would be payable are those men who, introduced a bill to provide that one class the new Manpower Board provide a plan. under the provisions of the pending pay bill be taken, then another class, until we The law was intended to be a selective­ (S. 2025), would receive base pay at the rate have exhausted the various classes. Re­ service law. We should take for the Army of $78 per month, or less. The fa;mily allow­ sort should not be had to the older men the rne~ who are best fitted for the Army ances would be payable for the period be­ ginning with the first day of the first calendar with families until all other classes have and least needed at home, and who will month after the date of enactment of the been exhausted. I . introduced the bill cost us less by reason of dependency al­ bill and ending 6 months after the termina­ as an amendment to the Johnson bill. lowances. I believe that the bill would tion of the war. The committee has followed my plan, permit General Hershey to make the The family allowance payable under the and that is why I ani strong for the bill. classification in a sound manner. I did bill to the dependent or dependents of an en­ The bill would not establish the classi­ not know that the bill was coming up listed man will consist of a sum to be de­ fications, but would give authority to the today. Next week I shall present a more ducted from his pay and a sum to be con­ detailed table of the figures which I have, tributed by the Government. The amount Director of the Selective Service System, · of the family allowance payable to the de­ with the President's approval, to make relative to men in the various classifica­ pendent or dependents of .an elisted man the classifications. I .am most hopeful tions, showing how far down we shall will depend upon the number of such de­ that when the bill is passed those classi­ have to go if we want an Army of four pendents and their relationship to the en­ fications will be made. and a half million, an Army of 8,000,000, listed man. Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. or an Army of 10,000,000, whatever it may For the purposes of the bill, dependents President, will the.Senator yield? be. I hope I can furnish to the Senate are divided into two classes, class A and Mr. TAFI'. I yield to the Senator from the figures which will show somewhat class B. Class A dependents include wives, more clearly what our present man­ childre.n, and former wives divorced who have Colorado. not remarried and to whom alimony has been Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. The Se­ power situation is. decreed and is still payable. Class B de­ lective Service Administrator has assured In the meantime, Mr. President, I think pendents include parents, grandparents, us that he will make those classifications the committee should be commended for grandchildren, brothers, and sisters. · The so as to clarify the situation of men with what it has done. I very much hope that . family allowances payable to class A de­ dependents who are waiting to be called. the bill will pass. pendents are payable upon the application Mr. McKELLAR. I think that is highly Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. of the enlisted man, the dependents, or any desirable, and I am glad to know it. President, I ask unanimous consent to other person on behalf of such dependents. have the report of the committee printed The family allowances payable to class B de­ Mr. TAFT. Yesterday I received a let­ pendents are payable only upon the applica­ ter from a man 33 years of age, with a in the RECORD at this point. tion of the enlisted man, except that in any wife and three children. He said: There being no objection, the report case where it is impracticable for the enlisted