DOCSLIB.ORG

The Contested Making of an American Commemorative Tradition from the Civil War to the Great War

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Contested Making of an American Commemorative Tradition from the Civil War to the Great War Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University History Dissertations Department of History Spring 5-13-2011 Nationalizing the Dead: The Contested Making of an American Commemorative Tradition from the Civil War to the Great War Shannon T. Bontrager Ph.D. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_diss Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Bontrager, Shannon T. Ph.D., "Nationalizing the Dead: The Contested Making of an American Commemorative Tradition from the Civil War to the Great War." Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2011. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_diss/25 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NATIONALIZING THE DEAD: THE CONTESTED MAKING OF AN AMERICAN COMMEMORATIVE TRADITION FROM THE CIVIL WAR TO THE TO THE GREAT WAR by SHANNON T. BONTRAGER Under the Direction of Dr. Ian Christopher Fletcher ABSTRACT In recent years, scholars have emphasized the importance of collective memory in the making of national identity. Where does death fit into the collective memory of American identity, particularly in the economic and social chaos of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? How did death shape the collective memory of American national identity in the midst of a pluralism brought on by immigration, civil and labor rights, and a transforming culture? On the one hand, the commemorations of public figures such as Ulysses S. Grant, William McKinley, and Theodore Roosevelt constructed an identity based on Anglo-Saxonism, American imperialism, and the ―Strenuous Life.‖ This was reflected in the burial of American soldiers of the Spanish American and Philippine American wars and the First World War. On the other hand, the commemorations of soldiers and sailors from the Civil War, Spanish American War, and Great War created opportunities to both critique and appropriate definitions of national identity. Through a series of case studies, my dissertation brings together cultural and political history to explore the (re)production and (trans)formation of American identity from the Civil War to the Great War. I am particularly interested in the way people used funerals and monuments as tools to produce official and vernacular memory. I argue that both official and vernacular forms of commemoration can help historians understand the social and political tensions of creating national identity in a burgeoning industrial and multicultural society. INDEX WORDS: Death, Burial, Commemoration, Collective memory, Identity, Imagined Community, Tradition, Civil War, Philippines, Cuba, Great War NATIONALIZING THE DEAD: THE CONTESTED MAKING OF AN AMERICAN COMMEMORATIVE TRADITION FROM THE CIVIL WAR TO THE TO THE GREAT WAR by SHANNON T. BONTRAGER A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Arts and Sciences Georgia State University 2011 Copyright by Shannon Ty Bontrager 2011 NATIONALIZING THE DEAD: THE CONTESTED MAKING OF AN AMERICAN COMMEMORATIVE TRADITION FROM THE CIVIL WAR TO THE TO THE GREAT WAR by SHANNON T. BONTRAGER Committee Chair: Ian Christopher Fletcher Committee: Joe Perry Larry Youngs Michel Reid-Vazquez Electronic Version Approved Office of Graduate Studies College of Arts and Sciences Georgia State University May 2011 iv DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to Frank Woodruff Buckles, Charlotte Louise Berry Winters, and all the servicemen and women of the United States Armed Forces who died in anonymity or whose bodies were never recovered. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible where it not for the help of many people. The many librarians and archivists at the Library of Congress and at the National Archives gave me invaluable help in navigating the enormous collections at the College Park and Washington, D.C. locations. I would like to extend special thanks to Senior Military Archivist Richard L. Boylan who spent several hours with me helping me fill out request forms, escorting me to the stacks, and alerting me to sources that only someone with his 20-years of experience could locate. I appreciated his willingness to treat a new researcher with the same professionalism and exuberance as that of a seasoned scholar. I would also like to thank Mary Poland, a Library Specialist in Access Services at the Library Technology Center at North Georgia College and State University in Dahlonega, Georgia. Her willingness to work with the Interlibrary Loan officer at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. was invaluable to access the Clara Barton Papers on microfilm. My requests were new opportunities for Mary and she always delivered with consideration of my demanding schedule as an adjunct instructor. I would also like to extend special thanks to Elijah Scott, Director of Libraries at Georgia Highlands College in Cartersville, Georgia. His ability to secure funding and access to JSTOR at a small school during an economic recession was nothing short of brilliant and it made the completion of my dissertation a reality. Many friends and colleagues also have their imprints on this dissertation. Dr. Steve Blankenship, my close friend and colleague at Georgia Highlands College, has read several chapters. We continue the discussion started many years ago as Graduate Teaching Instructors at Georgia State University in Atlanta, Georgia. His friendship and mentoring have made me a better instructor and without his encouragement and critical eye, my work would be much vi poorer. Drs. Abou Bamba and Fakhri Haghani likewise have significantly influenced my work. Their respective postcolonial critiques, as well as their friendship throughout our doctoral programs, proved invaluable. They were, and remain as alumni, treasures of the Georgia State history department. The members of the Trans-Empire Research Cluster also provided valuable assistance and encouragement through this process. The members, too many to name here, always provided critical insights and valuable exchanges of ideas and knowledge. We read each others‘ chapters over coffee and pastries and helped each other move through our respective doctoral and masters programs. I was very happy to participate in this group and I was very happy to get to know all the people who came to the monthly meetings over the years. My colleagues who participate in the Faculty Association for Interdisciplinary Research and Pedagogy at Georgia Highlands College also deserve special mention. It is wonderful to work with fellow historians who support each other and who are willing to work together for the benefit of each other. My colleagues have always been professional and helpful as they too have read chapters and provided many valuable observations that I was able to include in successive drafts. I would like to acknowledge the committee members who worked with me on this project. Without their insights and observations this dissertation would have been much different. Besides the hard work that they put into reading and editing this dissertation, they also put much of their energy into me. I learned many things from Dr. Joe Perry, Dr. Michele Reid Vazquez, Dr. Larry Youngs, and Dr. Ian Christopher Fletcher. Each of these individuals demonstrated not only the skills of successful historians but they also demonstrated the skills of being successful teachers. Without their professionalism and encouragement I would not have completed this degree. I would like to extend a special note of thanks to Dr. Youngs who vii mentored me in the classroom and on the golf course. Without his willingness to go out of his way to connect with me outside of the classroom, I would have never finished. His passion, his interpersonal communication, and his empathy for those going through the graduate school experience match his knowledge of U.S. history and he has been an excellent model of the gentleman-scholar. Dr. Fletcher has likewise been a fine example to learn from. He was willing to step into an advisor role when my two previous advisors left the department to take jobs elsewhere. He helped mold my dissertation (and me) in new and interesting ways that brought new life to my work and new energy to me. It was perhaps one of his more difficult tasks but one that I am thankful he was willing to take on because he was able to completely redefine what I understood to be a student-teacher working relationship. Finally I would like to thank my wife Eleanor, our daughter Mairi, and our new son Adam. Eleanor moved to the United States from her native home of Scotland to be with me. As this doctoral program began to lengthen much longer than we had anticipated, she gave me the encouragement, tenderness, and toughness that I needed. I am very grateful to her willingness to be so steadfast as well as her ability to discuss my dissertation with the level of insight shared by many others mentioned above. Mairi and Adam have provided countless moments of tenderness and comedy that has served me both as a needed distraction and a focus of concentration in completing this dissertation. I am greatly anticipating Mairi‘s rise to big sister and Adam‘s new life that brings a spirit of excitement, anticipation, and a sense of new beginning that I will surely
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Samuel Clemens Carriage House) 351 Farmington Avenue WABS Hartford Hartford County- Connecticut
    MARK TWAIN CARRIAGE HOUSE HABS No. CT-359-A (Samuel Clemens Carriage House) 351 Farmington Avenue WABS Hartford Hartford County- Connecticut WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA REDUCED COPIES OF THE MEASURED DRAWINGS PHOTOGRAPHS Historic American Buildings Survey National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. 20013-7127 m HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY MARK TWAIN CARRIAGE HOUSE HABS NO. CT-359-A Location: Rear of 351 Farmington Avenue, Hartford, Hartford County, Connecticut. USGS Hartford North Quadrangle, Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinates; 18.691050.4626060. Present Owner. Occupant. Use: Mark Twain Memorial, the former residence of Samuel Langhorne Clemens (better known as Mark Twain), now a house museum. The carriage house is a mixed-use structure and contains museum offices, conference space, a staff kitchen, a staff library, and storage space. Significance: Completed in 1874, the Mark Twain Carriage House is a multi-purpose barn with a coachman's apartment designed by architects Edward Tuckerman Potter and Alfred H, Thorp as a companion structure to the residence for noted American author and humorist Samuel Clemens and his family. Its massive size and its generous accommodations for the coachman mark this structure as an unusual carriage house among those intended for a single family's use. The building has the wide overhanging eaves and half-timbering typical of the Chalet style popular in the late 19th century for cottages, carriage houses, and gatehouses. The carriage house apartment was
    [Show full text]
  • Tasker H. Bliss and the Creation of the Modern American Army, 1853-1930
    TASKER H. BLISS AND THE CREATION OF THE MODERN AMERICAN ARMY, 1853-1930 _________________________________________________________ A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board __________________________________________________________ in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY __________________________________________________________ by Thomas R. English December 2014 Examining Committee Members: Richard Immerman, Advisory Chair, Temple University, Department of History Gregory J. W. Urwin, Temple University, Department of History Jay Lockenour, Temple University, Department of History Daniel W. Crofts, External Member,The College of New Jersey, Department of History, Emeritus ii © Copyright 2014 By Thomas R. English All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT A commonplace observation among historians describes one or another historical period as a time of “transition” or a particular person as a “transitional figure.” In the history of the United States Army, scholars apply those terms especially to the late- nineteenth century “Old Army.” This categorization has helped create a shelf of biographies of some of the transitional figures of the era. Leonard Wood, John J. Pershing, Robert Lee Bullard, William Harding Carter, Henry Tureman Allen, Nelson Appleton Miles and John McCallister Schofield have all been the subject of excellent scholarly works. Tasker Howard Bliss has remained among the missing in that group, in spite of the important activities that marked his career and the wealth of source materials he left behind. Bliss belongs on that list because, like the others, his career demonstrates the changing nature of the U.S. Army between 1871 and 1917. Bliss served for the most part in administrative positions in the United States and in the American overseas empire.
    [Show full text]
  • *For All Comprehensive Exam Sections, DO NOT Attempt Answering a Question Unless You Really Know the Answer
    *For all comprehensive exam sections, DO NOT attempt answering a question unless you really know the answer. You will be much less likely to pass if you provide information that does not actually address a question (even if the information you provide is technically accurate, and could be used to answer another question). Also, most questions (except Statistics) will require you to cite original sources to support your arguments, but please do not cite a textbook. Cognition and Learning Section This exam is tied most directly to PSY 620 and 621. You are not allowed to attempt this exam until you have passed both of these courses. You will see questions covering such topics as (in no particular order of importance): perception, attention, working memory, episodic versus semantic versus procedural long- term memory, implicit versus explicit memory, automatic versus controlled processing, categorization, social cognition, metacognition, theories of learning and behavior, eyewitness memory, language, decision-making and problem-solving, expertise, and developmental/age issues concerning memory. By far the most important thing to study is an undergraduate textbook in cognitive psychology (e.g., Goldstein; Reisberg; Robinson-Riegler; Sternberg), as well as notes and materials from PSY 620. Below is an example question (no longer used) with a good student response. It will give you an idea of the level of detail needed for a good response, and how to cite original sources to support your statements. You are an eyewitness to a crime in which a man robs a liquor store. He does so in under 5 minutes while pointing a gun at the clerk, is not wearing a mask or anything else to hide his face, and he quickly runs away after the robbery.
    [Show full text]
  • EMMA GOLDMAN, ANARCHISM, and the “AMERICAN DREAM” by Christina Samons
    AN AMERICA THAT COULD BE: EMMA GOLDMAN, ANARCHISM, AND THE “AMERICAN DREAM” By Christina Samons The so-called “Gilded Age,” 1865-1901, was a period in American his­ tory characterized by great progress, but also of great turmoil. The evolving social, political, and economic climate challenged the way of life that had existed in pre-Civil War America as European immigration rose alongside the appearance of the United States’ first big businesses and factories.1 One figure emerges from this era in American history as a forerunner of progressive thought: Emma Goldman. Responding, in part, to the transformations that occurred during the Gilded Age, Goldman gained notoriety as an outspoken advocate of anarchism in speeches throughout the United States and through published essays and pamphlets in anarchist newspapers. Years later, she would synthe­ size her ideas in collections of essays such as Anarchism and Other Essays, first published in 1917. The purpose of this paper is to contextualize Emma Goldman’s anarchist theory by placing it firmly within the economic, social, and 1 Alan M. Kraut, The Huddled Masses: The Immigrant in American Society, 1880­ 1921 (Wheeling, IL: Harlan Davidson, 2001), 14. 82 Christina Samons political reality of turn-of-the-twentieth-century America while dem­ onstrating that her theory is based in a critique of the concept of the “American Dream.” To Goldman, American society had drifted away from the ideal of the “American Dream” due to the institutionalization of exploitation within all aspects of social and political life—namely, economics, religion, and law. The first section of this paper will give a brief account of Emma Goldman’s position within American history at the turn of the twentieth century.
    [Show full text]
  • The Writings of Lucy Parsons
    “My mind is appalled at the thought of a political party having control of all the details that go to make up the sum total of our lives.” About Lucy Parsons The life of Lucy Parsons and the struggles for peace and justice she engaged provide remarkable insight about the history of the American labor movement and the anarchist struggles of the time. Born in Texas, 1853, probably as a slave, Lucy Parsons was an African-, Native- and Mexican-American anarchist labor activist who fought against the injustices of poverty, racism, capitalism and the state her entire life. After moving to Chicago with her husband, Albert, in 1873, she began organizing workers and led thousands of them out on strike protesting poor working conditions, long hours and abuses of capitalism. After Albert, along with seven other anarchists, were eventually imprisoned or hung by the state for their beliefs in anarchism, Lucy Parsons achieved international fame in their defense and as a powerful orator and activist in her own right. The impact of Lucy Parsons on the history of the American anarchist and labor movements has served as an inspiration spanning now three centuries of social movements. Lucy Parsons' commitment to her causes, her fame surrounding the Haymarket affair, and her powerful orations had an enormous influence in world history in general and US labor history in particular. While today she is hardly remembered and ignored by conventional histories of the United States, the legacy of her struggles and her influence within these movements have left a trail of inspiration and passion that merits further attention by all those interested in human freedom, equality and social justice.
    [Show full text]
  • Collective Memory from a Psychological Perspective
    Review Collective Memory from a Psychological Perspective 1, 2 3 William Hirst, * Jeremy K. Yamashiro, and Alin Coman Social scientists have studied collective memory for almost a century, but psy- Highlights chological analyses have only recently emerged. Although no singular approach Collective memories can involve small communities, such as couples, to the psychological study of collective memory exists, research has largely: (i) families, or neighborhood associa- exploredthe social representations of history, including generational differences; tions, or large communities, such as nations, the world-wide congregation (ii) probed for the underlying cognitive processes leading to the formation of of Catholics, or terrorist groups such collective memories, adopting either a top-down or bottom-up approach; and (iii) as ISIS. They bear on the collective explored how people live in history and transmit personal memories of historical identity of the community. importance acrossgenerations.Here,wediscussthesedifferent approaches and Many studies focus on either the repre- highlight commonalities and connections between them. sentation of extant collective memories or the formation and retention of either extant or new collective memories. Memories Held Across a Community Members of a community often share similar memories: Germans know that their country Those interested in the formation of participated in the mass murder of Jews; Catholics, that Jesus fasted for 40 days; and a family, collective memories can approach ’ that grandfather immigrated from Ireland. Such collective memories can shape a community s the topic in a top-down or bottom- up fashion. ’ identity and its actions. Germany s struggles to come to terms with its troublesome past, for fi instance, de ne to a great extent how Germans see themselves today as Germans [1].
    [Show full text]
  • 351 Farmington Avenue, Hartford, CT 06105 Annual Report FYE 2015
    The Mark Twain House & Museum 351 Farmington Avenue, Hartford, CT 06105! ! Annual Report FYE 2015 - February 1, 2014 through January 31, 2015! Report from Joel Freedman, President of the Board of Trustees To: Members, Friends, and Supporters of The Mark Twain House & Museum! January 31 marked the end of our fiscal year, as well as my first year as President of the Board of Trustees. It was a pivotal year with significant developments. ! We again raised over $2.5 million from our many individual, corporate, foundation, and government supporters. Due to our aggressive programming, which continues to expand our brand, we spent a bit more than raised, leaving us with a small deficit for the fiscal year. Our programming ranged from free community events, such as our annual Ice Cream Social, Tom Sawyer Day, and our popular “Trouble Begins” lectures, to celebrities such as Garrison Keillor and Ralph Nader. We also hosted Noam Chomsky and Ann Rice in larger area venues when demand outstripped our auditorium capacity. Lastly, we continued our marquee events at The Bushnell with best-selling author Dan Brown and our 4th annual “Mark My Words” event with Wicked author Gregory Maguire and Steven Schwartz, who created the Broadway musical. We increased revenue from admissions by 15% and are on track to meet our goal of 50% in three years. Our talented staff also added a popular Servants Tour to the other theme tours enabling guests to turn every visit into a new experience. The year also included many financial milestones. We made progress with our excellent corporate partner, Webster Bank, in renegotiating our debt from the construction of the Museum Center many years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • How Big Is Human Memory, Or on Being Just Useful Enough
    Downloaded from learnmem.cshlp.org on September 29, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press REVIEW Yadin Dudai How Big Is Human Memory, Department of Neur0bi010gy or On Being Just Useful Enough The Weizmann Institute of Science Reh0v0t 76100 Israel We are, in many respects, what we remember. But how much do we do? So far, science has provided only a very partial answer to this riddle. The magical number seven, plus or minus two, seems to constrain the capacity of our immediate memory (Miller 1956). But surely its constraints dissipate when memories settle in long-term stores. Yet how big are these stores? If we combine all of our factual knowledge and personal reminiscence, childhood scenes and memories of the past day, intimate experiences and professional expertisemhow many items are there, that, combined together, mold us into unique individuals? The answer is not simple, and neither is the question. For example, what is an item in long-term memory? And how can we measure it, being sure that we unveil memory capacity and not merely the occasional ability to tap it? Such theoretical and practical difficulties, no doubt, have contributed to the fact that the capacity of human memory is still an enigma. Yet, despite the inherent and undeniable complexities, the issue deserves to be retrieved, once in a while, from the oblivions of the collective memory of the scientific community. (For a selection of earlier discussions of the size of human long-term memory, see Galton 1879; Landauer 1986; Crovitz et al. 1991.) Folk Psychology and When confronted with the issue, many tend to provide an intuitive Early Views estimate of the size of their memory, based either on belief or introspection or both.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Iron and Ozone: the History of the American Summer Colony in Cobourg, Ontario Marsha Ann Tate Bookend Seminar, October 17, 2012
    Of Iron and Ozone: The History of the American Summer Colony in Cobourg, Ontario Marsha Ann Tate Bookend Seminar, October 17, 2012 Marsha Ann Tate is Instructor of Communication at Juniata College. n the decades following the U.S. Civil War, a group of industrialists from Huntingdon County, I Pennsylvania, and its environs played a central role in transforming Cobourg, Ontario, a community nestled on Lake Ontario’s northern shore, into a renowned North American resort. Cobourg’s historical importance, however, is not only owed to the number of summer vacationers it attracted from throughout the United States during the late 1800s and early 1900s, but also to their unique character. For example, counted among Cobourg’s seasonal residents were, among others: (a) the wives of Ulysses S. Grant and Jefferson Davis; (b) countless veterans of the Union and Confederate Armies; (c) high-ranking federal and state government officials, including cabinet officers, U.S. Senators, and Supreme Court Justices; (d) wealthy businesspeople; (e) actors and musicians; as well as (f) working-class families. Based upon a decade-long research project, “Of Iron and Ozone” traces the development of Cobourg as a resort community, with an emphasis upon the multifaceted socioeconomic relationships that evolved among the varied individuals who summered there. SETTING THE STAGE Cobourg, located on Lake Ontario’s northern shore across from Rochester, New York, possesses unpretentious beginnings. Although naturally endowed with moderate summer temperatures, refreshing
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record-Senate
    1897. .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1863 The reading of the bill was resumed, as follo~s: APPOINTMENT IN THE NAVY. Schedule K.-Wool and manufactures of wool. Raymond Spear, a citizen of Pennsylvania, to be an assistant Ml·. VEST. We-do-not want to go on later this evening. surgeon. Mr. JONES of Arkansas. Does the Senator from Iowa propose PROMOTIONS IN THE NAVY. to proceed further this afternoon? Lieut. (Junior Grade) John F. Luby, to be a lieutenant. Mr. ALLISON. Being Saturday afteTiloon, and l;Laving com­ Ensign George W. Logan, to be a lieutenant (junior grade). pleted Schedule J, I move that the Senate proceed to the consider­ Lieut. Commander Eugene de Forrest Heald, to be a com- ation of executive business. mander. Mr. MANTLE. I ask the Senatorfromlowa to yield tome for Lieut. George P. Colvocoresses, to be a lieutenant-commander. the purpose of asking the present consideration of Senate bill164. Lieut. (Junior Grade) Lewis J. Clark, to be a lieutenant. Mr. ALLISON. I will withhold the motion for a moment. SOLICITOR OF THE TREASURY. PUBLIC BUILDING AT BUTTE CITY, MONT. Maurice D. O'Connell, to be Solicitor of the Treasury. Mr. MANTLE. I ask the Senate to p1·oceed to the considera­ DEPUTY AUDITOR FOR WAR DEPARTMENT. tion of the bill (S. 164) to provide for the construction of a public building at Butte City, Mont. Daniel A. Grosvenor, of Maryland, to be deputy auditor for the · There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the War Department. Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. It directs the Secretary of COMMISSIONERS.
    [Show full text]
  • National Register of Historic Places Inventory -- Nomination Form
    orm No. 10-300 REV. (9/77) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOWTO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS [NAME HISTORIC N/A AND/OR COMMON Brooklyn Green Historic District Ibl LOCATION North , South &reen f and West Greetf; and- farts STREET & NUMBER ^ B^own IToS: Ca»%eBtai? Iioa4-(ftoTrtre^l 4") f Hartford / CITY. TOWN Brooklyn 2nd STATE CODE WlndhamT . COUNTY CODE 015 CLASSIFICATION CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE XDISTRICT —PUBLIC ^OCCUPIED ^AGRICULTURE ^.MUSEUM _BUILDING(S) —PRIVATE —UNOCCUPIED —COMMERCIAL —PARK —STRUCTURE —WORK IN PROGRESS —EDUCATIONAL ^.PRIVATE RESIDENCE _SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE —ENTERTAINMENT ^RELIGIOUS —OBJECT _IN PROCESS X-YES: RESTRICTED ^GOVERNMENT —SCIENTIFIC —BEING CONSIDERED X.YES: UNRESTRICTED —INDUSTRIAL —TRANSPORTATION X.NO N/A —MILITARY —OTHER: [OWNER OF PROPERTY NAME Multiple Ownership STREET& NUMBER CITY. TOWN STATE "VICINITYOF LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC. Town Clerk STREET & NUMBER Brooklyn Town Hall CITY. TOWN Brooklyn STATE REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS National Register of Historic Places ___ (Unitarian Meeting House) DATE 1972 •±LFEDERAL —STATE —COUNTY —LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS National Park Service CITY. TOWN Washington STATE DC DESCRIPTION CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE —EXCELLENT _DETERIORATED —UNALTERED ^-ORIGINAL SITE XGOOD —RUINS XALTERED AMOVED DATF Unknown _FAIR — UNEXPOSED DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The Brooklyn Green National Register District encompasses the central and oldest area of settlement in this eastern Connecticut com­ munity. The town green is the district's heart, with the magnificent meeting house of 1771 (#9, Figs.
    [Show full text]
  • Ulysses S. Grant and Julia Dent Grant Papers Finding Aid
    Mississippi State University Scholars Junction USGPL Finding Aids Ulysses S. Grant Presidential Library 12-1-2020 Ulysses S. Grant and Julia Dent Grant papers Finding Aid Ulysses S. Grant Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/usgpl-findingaids Recommended Citation Ulysses S. Grant and Julia Dent Grant papers, Ulysses S. Grant Presidential Library, Mississippi State University This Text is brought to you for free and open access by the Ulysses S. Grant Presidential Library at Scholars Junction. It has been accepted for inclusion in USGPL Finding Aids by an authorized administrator of Scholars Junction. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ulysses S. Grant and Julia Dent Grant papers USGPL.USGJDG This finding aid was produced using ArchivesSpace on December 01, 2020. Mississippi State University Libraries P.O. Box 5408 Mississippi State 39762 [email protected] URL: http://library.msstate.edu/specialcollections Ulysses S. Grant and Julia Dent Grant papers USGPL.USGJDG Table of Contents Summary Information ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Biographical Note: Ulysses S. Grant ................................................................................................................. 3 Scope and Content Note ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Administrative
    [Show full text]