FALL 2016 - Volume 63, Number 3 the Air Force Historical Foundation Founded on May 27, 1953 by Gen Carl A

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FALL 2016 - Volume 63, Number 3 the Air Force Historical Foundation Founded on May 27, 1953 by Gen Carl A FALL 2016 - Volume 63, Number 3 WWW.AFHISTORY.ORG The Air Force Historical Foundation Founded on May 27, 1953 by Gen Carl A. “Tooey” Spaatz MEMBERSHIP BENEFITS and other air power pioneers, the Air Force Historical All members receive our exciting and informative Foundation (AFHF) is a nonprofi t tax exempt organization. Air Power History Journal, either electronically or It is dedicated to the preservation, perpetuation and on paper, covering: all aspects of aerospace history appropriate publication of the history and traditions of American aviation, with emphasis on the U.S. Air Force, its • Chronicles the great campaigns and predecessor organizations, and the men and women whose the great leaders lives and dreams were devoted to fl ight. The Foundation • Eyewitness accounts and historical articles serves all components of the United States Air Force— Active, Reserve and Air National Guard. • In depth resources to museums and activities, to keep members connected to the latest and AFHF strives to make available to the public and greatest events. today’s government planners and decision makers information that is relevant and informative about Preserve the legacy, stay connected: all aspects of air and space power. By doing so, the • Membership helps preserve the legacy of current Foundation hopes to assure the nation profi ts from past and future US air force personnel. experiences as it helps keep the U.S. Air Force the most modern and effective military force in the world. • Provides reliable and accurate accounts of historical events. The Foundation’s four primary activities include a quarterly journal Air Power History, a book program, a • Establish connections between generations. biennial symposium, and an awards program. Fall 2016 -Volume 63, Number 3 WWW .AFHISTORY .ORG know the past .....Shape the Future Features The Teaball Solution: The Evolution of Air Combat Technology in Vietnam, 1968-1972 Michael Hankins 7 Dealing with the Japanese Zero John F. O’Connell 25 The Bomber Offensive That Never Took Off: Italy’s Regia Aeronautica in 1940 A. D. Harvey 31 Freeman Field Mutiny: Victory for Integration or Segregation? Daniel Haulman 41 Book Reviews America’s War for the Greater Middle East: A Military History By Andrew J. Bacevich Review by John Cirafici 46 History of Rocketry and Astronautics: AAS History Series, Vol. 46, IAA History Symposia, Vol. 34 By Marsha Freeman, ed. Review by Frank Willingham 46 The Complete Book of the SR–71: The Illustrated Profile of Every Aircraft, Crew, and Breakthrough... By Richard A. Graham . Review by Joseph Romito 47 Grim Reapers–French Escadrille 94 in World War I By John Guttman Review by Carl J. Bobrow 48 Camera Aloft: Edward Steichen in the Great War By Von Hardesty Review by Carl J. Bobrow 48 Great Battles: Gallipoli By Jenny Macleod Review by John Cirafici 48 Bombing Europe: The Illustrated Exploits of the Fifteenth Air Force By Kevin A. Mahoney Review by Steve Agoratus 49 Pinpoint: How GPS is Changing Technology, Culture, and Our Minds By Greg Milner Review by Rick W. Sturdevant 50 Fighting Cockpits: In the Pilot’s Seat of Great Military Aircraft from World War I to Today By Donald Nijboer & Dan Patterson Review by Frank Willingham 51 By Honor Bound: Two Navy SEALS, the Medal of Honor, and a Story of Extraordinary Courage By Tom Norris & Mike Thornton with Dick Couch Review by Darrel Whitcomb 51 The Big Book of X-Bombers and X-Fighters: USAF Jet-Powered Experimental Aircraft ... By Steve Pace Review by Ken Werrell 52 An Untaken Road: Strategy, Technology, and the Hidden History of America’s Mobile ICBMs By Steven A. Pomeroy Review by Rick W. Sturdevant 52 & an additional review by Review by John T. Farquhar 53 Through the Valley: My Captivity in Vietnam By William Reeder, Jr. Review by Henry Zeybel 54 WASP of the Ferry Command: Women Pilots, Uncommon Deeds By Sarah Byrn Rickman Review by Steven D. Ellis 55 Aviators and the Academy: Early Aeronautics in Canada By Jonathan B. Scotland & Edward P. Soye Review by Carl J. Bobrow 55 Luftwaffe Bomber Aces: Men, Machines, Methods By Mike Spick Review by Henry Zeybel 56 Fokker Design & Development to 1919 By Michael Tate Review by Carl J. Bobrow 56 The Eastern Front Air War 1941-1945 (Images of War) – Rare Photographs from Wartime Archives By Anthony Tucker-Jones Review by Frank Willingham 57 Storming the City: U.S. Military Performance in Urban Warfare from World War II to Vietnam By Alec Wahlman Review by Henry Zeybel 58 Spying Through a Glass Darkly: American Espionage Against the Soviet Union, 1945-1946 By David Alvarez & Eduard Mark Review by George M. Watson, Jr. 59 Departments Books To Review 60 Upcoming Events, Editor’s Note, In Memoriam, and Reunions 61 New History Mystery 64 COVER: A sharply banking F–4. (USAF Photo) The Air Force Historical Foundation The Journal of the Air Force Historical Foundation Fall 2016 Volume 63 Number 3 Editor Richard I. Wolf Editor Emeritus Jacob Neufeld Air Force Historical Foundation Book Review Editor P.O. Box 790 Scott A. Willey Clinton, MD 20735-0790 (301) 736-1959 Advertising Jim Vertenten E-mail: [email protected] On the Web at http://www.afhistory.org Circulation Angela J. Bear Board of Directors Patron Members Maj Gen Dale W. Meyerrose, USAF (Ret.) Col Gerald F. Christeson, USAF (Ret.) Chairman Col Dennis M. Drew, USAF (Ret.) Lt Gen Charles L. Johnson II, USAF (Ret.) Maj Gen Charles J. Dunlap, Jr., USAF Air Power History (ISSN 1044-016X) is pro- First Vice Chairman Mr. Darrell Dvorak duced for Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter by Lt Gen Stephen G. Wood, USAF (Ret.) Lt Col Raymond Fredette, USAF (Ret.) the Air Force Historical Foun dation. Second Vice Chairman Lt Gen Charles L. Johnson, II, USAF (Ret.) Prospective contributors should consult the Lt Gen Christopher D. Miller, USAF (Ret.) Mr. Richard Lawless Dr. Jerome V. Martin GUIDELINES FOR CONTRIBUTORS at Secretary the back of this journal. Unsolicited manu- Capt Robert Maxson, NOAA Col Thomas A. Owens, USAF (Ret.) scripts will be returned only on specific Treasurer Lt Gen George D. Miller, USAF (Ret.) request. The Editor cannot accept responsibil- Col Clarence R. Anderegg, USAF (Ret.) Mrs. Marilyn Moll ity for any damage to or loss of the manu- Col Scott C. Bishop, USAF (Ret.) Col Bobby Moorhatch, USAF (Ret.) script. The Editor reserves the right to edit Col William J. Dalecky, USAF (Ret.) Col J Calvin Shahbaz manuscripts and letters. Lt Col (Dr.) Dik Daso, USAF (Ret.) Lt Col Raymond C. Tagge, USAF (Ret.) Lt Gen Robert J. Elder, USAF (Ret.) Address LETTERS TO THE EDITOR to: CMSgt Robert L. Frank, USAF (Ret.) President’s Circle Lt Col Steven Gress, Jr., USAF (Ret.) Air Power History Ms. Jonna Doolittle Hoppes Col William J. Dalecky, USAF (Ret.) 6022 Cromwell PL Lt Gen Nicholas B. Kehoe, USAF (Ret.) Col Wray Johnson, USAF (Ret.) Alexandria, VA 22315 e-mail: [email protected] Gen Lloyd W. Newton, USAF (Ret.) Lt Col Kenneth W. Sublett, USAF (Ret.) Mr. Daniel R. Sitterly, USAF SES Correspondence regarding missed issues or Wing changes of address should be addressed to Northrop Grumman the CIRCULATION OFFICE: Mr. Michael Clarke Air Power History Editor, Air Power History Squadron P.O. Box 790 Richard I. Wolf Gen Lloyd W. Newton Clinton, MD 20735-0790 Maj Gen Dale W. Meyerrose (301) 736-1959 Editor Emeritus, Air Power History Maj Gen John S. Patton, USAF (Ret.) e-mail: [email protected] ROKAF Historical Foundation Jacob Neufeld ADVERTISING Gen William Y. Smith Jim Vertenten Staff Flight P.O. Box 790 Lt Col James A. Vertenten, USAF (Ret.) Dr. Richard P. Hallion Clinton, MD 20735-0790 Secretary to the Board and Lt Gen Christopher Miller, USAF (Ret.) (301) 736-1959 Executive Director Lt Gen Michael A. Nelson, USAF (Ret.) e-mail: [email protected] Mrs. Angela J. Bear, Office Manager Col Wayne C. Pittman, Jr., USAF (Ret.) Maj Willard Strandberg, Jr., USAF (Ret.) Copyright © 2016 by the Air Force Historical Foundation. All rights reserved. CORPORATE SPONSORS Periodicals postage paid at Clinton, MD 20735 and additional mailing offices. Gold Level ($10,000 or more) Postmaster: Please send change of address Lockheed Martin Corporation to the Circulation Office. Torchmark Corporation 2 AIR POWER History / FALL 2016 From the Editor Our latest issue of Air Power History has rather a split personality. It leads off with a lengthy article concerning the war in Vietnam, and follows that with three shorter articles all about World War II. The first article, by Mike Hankins, concerns the effort to use real-time signals intelli- gence to support tactical aircraft involved in air-to-air combat. The fusion of multi-source intelligence into a single coherent set of warnings was called “Teaball,” and was the outcome of an effort by the Seventh Air Force commander, Gen. John Vogt, to give his pilots a fight- ing chance, one which they had been missing during early 1972. The second article is by John O’Connell, and is a fascinating discussion of the evolution of air-to-air tactics against the Zero by pilots who initially were flying inferior American fighters. Until the Zero’s pluses and minuses became known, pilots had to find a way to sur- vive against the Zero early in World War II. The third article is by our British expert on World War II aircraft, A. D. Harvey. His topic this time is the Italian Air Force in 1940, and the air offensive that they could never quite undertake. The fourth and final article is by Daniel Haulman, and covers the Freeman Field Mutiny in which the Tuskegee flyers fought back against the personal racism they were subjected to by one of their commanding officers.
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