Pathogens in Spices Risk Profile

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Salmonella Tree Nuts Risk Assessment UPDATE June 2016 Risk Assessment Framework Conduct & Manage Process Step 1: Commission Step 2: Data collection & evaluation Step 3: Develop model/report Step 4: Review & clearance Step 5: Issue Tree nuts to include • Definition: 201(qq) FALCPA & corresponding guidance • The following nuts will likely be excluded: – beech nuts, chinquapins, gingko nuts, hickory nuts, lychee nuts, pili nuts, and shea nuts, coconuts • This strategy results a tentative list of 10 tree nuts: Common name Scientific name 1. Almond Prunus dulcis (Rosaceae) 2. Brazil nut Bertholletia excels (Lecythidaceae) 3. Cashew nut Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae) 4. Chestnut Castanea spp. (Fagaceae) 5. Filbert/hazelnut Corylus spp. (Betulaceae) 6. Macadamia nut/Bush nut Macadamia spp. (Proteaceae) 7. Pecan Carya illinoensis (Juglandaceae) 8. Pine nut / Pinon nut Pinus spp. (Pineaceae) 9. Pistachio Pistacia vera L. (Anacardiaceae) 10. Walnut / Heartnut / Butternut Juglans spp. (Juglandaceae) Data availability Production Consumption Salmonella Salmonella Salmonella Tree nut process data survival data prevalence data concentration data Almond yes yes yes yes yes Pecan yes yes yes yes yes Pistachio yes yes yes yes yes Walnut yes yes yes yes yes Hazelnut yes yes yes yes yes Pine nut limited yes yes yes yes Cashew limited yes limited yes yes Macadamia limited yes limited yes yes Brazil nut limited yes limited expected expected Chestnut limited yes limited limited limited Risk Assessment Model Salmonella probability of Number of Salmonella in positive contamination units Pre-process storage Process (treatment) Post-process storage Retail storage Dose- Serving size Response model Risk of illness per serving Number of servings Risk of illness per annum 1 Model adapted to incorporate specific process steps, conditions, and consumption data as they apply to each tree nut Status • Almonds – External peer review completed – Revising draft report for clearance and issue • Pecans – External peer review in progress • Salmonella survival model – Published for almonds, pecans, pistachios, and walnuts Questions .

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CHESTNUT (CASTANEA Spp.) CULTIVAR EVALUATION for COMMERCIAL CHESTNUT PRODUCTION
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