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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 121 077 FL 007 540 AUTHOR Filipovic, Rudolf TITLE Reports 3.. The Yugoslav Serbo-Croatian-English Contrastive Project. INSTITUTION Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington, D.C.; Zagreb Univ. (Yugoslavia). Inst. of Linguistics. PUB DATE 70 NOTE 158p.; For related documents, see ED 096 839, ED 108 465, and FL 007 537-552 AVAILABLE FROMDorothy Rapp, Center for Applied Linguistics, 1611 N. Kent St., Arlington, Va. 22209 ($3.00) EDRS PRICE MF-S0.83 HC-$8.69 Plus Postage DESCRIPTORS *Contrastive Linguistics; Descriptive Linguistics; *English; Language Patterns; *Morphology (Languages); Nosinals; Pronouns; *Serbocroatian; Slavic Languages; Syntax; *Verbs IDENTIFIERS *Tense (Verbs) ABSTRACT The third volume in this series contains nine articles dealing with various aspects of Serbo-Croatian-English contrastive analysis. They are: "Composition in Serbo-Croatian and English," :)1, Zeljko Bujas; "The English Present Perfect Tense and Its Serbo-Croamian Equivalents," by Naja Dubravcic; "Linking BePredicative Clause in English and Corresponding Structures in Serbo-Croatian," by Gordana Gavrilovic; "English Intransitive Verbs vs. Serbo-Croatian Reflexive Verbs," by Omer Hadziselimovic; "Ten English Modals and Their Equivalents in serbo-Croatiat" and "The Primary Auxiliaries 'Be', 'Have', 'Do' and Their Equivalents in Serbo-Croatian," both by Damir Kalogjera; "Relative Pronouns in English and Serbo-Croatian," by Dora Macek; "Noun Phrases as Subject in English and Serbo-Croatian," by Ljiljana Mihailovic; and "The Present Tense in English and Serbo-Croatian," by Leonardo Spalatin. (CLE) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC sakes every effort * * to obtain the best copy available. Nevertheless,, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC sakes Available * * via the ERIC Docusent Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. * *********************************************************************** THE YUGOSLAV SERBO-CROATIAN-ENGLISH CONTRASTIVE PROJECT Director: Professor Rudolf Filipovie, Ph. D. A. REPORTS 3 . ,.. ... ., ,;0.., ,..,.... ..., ...f ..1.w.frfitlY U s.ovroormeor or muos. n EDUCATION 4vaLrove Centerfor Applied NATioNALINSTITUTE Or EDUCATION .1.1 Linguistics THIS oommoot HAS SEEN REPRO DIKED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED room ...1- ,c.E.e. v.: _.,..... , oprp.oNr: THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN .,...cto1.-..te4r,,,-- .4 ..AT:CNAL $Fe AM* IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS 4. v , .,.,kr.,....A . ........4A AOIAO slow CO NOT NECESSARILY REPRE SEM OrroCIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE or vT'. sL. ,,, sn... RE IA r ' t' EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY ,..,,,, ,..? 1,,.. *ro-,,....v...(01 tV".. 0. --.I ZAGREB, 1970. U-. INSTITUTE OF LINGUISTICS Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zagreb Zagreb, Yugoslavia CENTER FOR APPLIED LINGUISTICS Washington, D. C.,USA 2 THE YUGOSLAV SERBO-CROATIAN - ENGLISH CONTRASTIVE PROJECT Director: Professor Rudolf Filipovid, Ph, D. A. REPORTS !if 3 J leljko Bujas: Composition in Serbo-Croatian and English 1 Maja Dubraveld: The English Present Perfect Tense and Its4/ Serbo-Croatian Equivalents 13 Gordana Gavrilovid: Linking BE + Predicative Clause in1 English and Corresponding Structures in Serbo-Croatian 46 Omer Hadtiselimovid: English Intransitive Verbs vs. Serbo-4 Croatian Reflexive Verbs 52 Damir KaIogjera: Ten English Modals and Their Equivalents in Serbo»Croatian / 62 Damir Kalogjera: The Primary Auxiliaries BE, HAVE, DO, / and Their Equivalents in Serbo-Croatian 88 Dora Madek. Relative Pronouns in English and Serbo-Croatian '; 105 LjiIjana Mihailovid: Noun Phrases as Subject in English and Y Serbo-Croatian 128 Leonardo Spalatin: The Present Tense in English and Serbo- Croatian 139 Edited by RUDOLF FILIPOVIt ZAGREB, 1970. INSTITUTE OF LINGUISTICS Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zagreb Zagreb, Yugoslavia CENTER FOR APPLIED LINGUISTICS Washington, D.C. , USA 3 4 The Yugoslav Serbo-Croatian - English Contrastive Project is an international venture involving the cooperation. of Yugoslav and American scholars. Its primary aim is to facilitate the teaching of English as the second language to speakers of Serbo-Croatian. The results should also have relevance for the teaching of Serbo-Croatian to English speakers. It is further hoped that these results will afford new insight Into the linguistic structures of the two languages and will constitute a contribution to contrastivelinguistics. The Project is directed by Rudolf Filipovid, Professor of English and Director of the Institute of Linguistics of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Za. greb, Yugoslavia, and coordinated by the Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., represented byWilliam Nemser, Director of the Center's Foreign Language Program. The Project is supported jointly by the governments of Yugoslavia and the United States, and by the Ford Foundation. The results of the Project research are presented in three series: A. Reports; B. Studies; C. Pedagogical Materials. 4 2eljko Buias (University of Zagreb) COMPOSITION IN SERBO-CROAT AND ENGLISH A. INTRODUCTION 1.1.Compounding as a word-formation device is significantly less frequent in Serbo-Croat than in English. This is only natural in view of the positional function in Serbo-Croat syntax being nowherenear as important as its English counterpart (owing to the inflexional nature of Serbo-Croat). 1.2. As a result, many English compounds have simple (no-compound) translation equivalents in Serbo-Croat: make+t21 iminka rain+bow : Asa break+down : slom; kvar heart+rending potresan etc. 1.21. Cases of complete lexical and structural componential correspondence (e. g. blood+thirstykrvo+tedan) are extremely rare. B. A BRIEF SURVEY OP STANDARD GRAMMATICAL STATEMENTS I. Serbo-Croat Compounding Patterns a. Two-Part Compounds 2. 1.Nouns 2. 11. Second Part Nominal N N duhan+kesa, 4udo+tvorac, 1coat+Icradica, E:to+brod, breistok, kameno+lom J - 2 - Vb(impl + N aeifdrui pasti+yijA, itte+Ntura, 0kkola Adj + N b13+gorica, crven+mica Num + N tro+medja, peto+ikolka Adv + N rano+ranilac, skoro+teaa 2.12. Second Part Verbal N + Vb(stem) krvo+lok. ate14as Adv + Vb(stem) brzotja, pravo+1 2.2.Adjectives 2.21. Second Part Nominal Adj + N crno+ok, rAo..+111 N + N mljo+gle, kozo+rm Nun + N dvo+1131, ELtt+krak To(stem) + N vrto+ilscr 2.22. Second Part Verbal Pron + Vb(p Ares) sve+znallidi Adv + Vb (p perf) tako+svani 2.23. Second Part Adjectival Adj + Adj star+mali, kulturno+historiaLd Adv + Adj tamno+ljubikast 2. 3.Verbs 2.31. Primary Compounds 1. Direct Compounding dan+imbiti, bLato+sloviti zlo+stavljati [2.Prefixal Compounding pro+tjecati,lz+govoriti] 2 e -3 2.32. "Secondary" Compounds 1. Derived from compound nouns and adjectives (dvo. um)+1ti 2. Derived from Prefixal (besirs119+iti, (pi+test)+Iti, compounds (Ererok)i.ovat( b. Three-Part Compounds 2.4. Nominal (auto+moto)+trke, arci+(vuci+batina) Adjectival pseudo+(nad+realistitki) Adverbial poa+(samo+hrano) c. Repetition Compounds 2.5. Adjectives kakav+takav Adjectives/Adverbs cilocak Adverbs kako+tako, malo+malo Onomatopoeias/Adverbs IspathEal, tufaiu f 1 , 112E +1122! d. General Remarks 2.6. Most native Serbo-Croat (two-part) compound nouns and adjectives contain a "linking vowel": o and, in a few cases, I . This vowel should not be confused with the final o of the first component in the non-native (predominantly Greek and/or Latin) compounds, such as foto+amater. moto+kros. neuro +kirur0, etc. II. English Compounding Patterns a, Two-Part Compounds 22 .88. Nouns 2.8I. Second Part Nominal 3 N + N ftstlesmith, arm+chair, ink+stand 7 - 4 - Adj + N black+board . hot+house Pron + N Fe+gos Vb + N draw+bridge! cut+throat. break+water Adv + N out+mt, up+lceee 2.82. Second Part Adverbial N + Adv looker+on, passer+ Vb + Adv break+dt.wn, make+a 2.83. Second Part Verbal N Vb boot+black, chimney+sweep 2.9.Adjectives N + Adj blood+red, liie+1220, fool+proof Adj + Adj bitter+sweet, Franco +German Adv + Adj over+sensitive. underdone Pron + Adj all-Iimportant. all+American 2.10. Compound Participles 2 10.1. Second Part: Past Participle N + ed machine+made, hon2e+baked Adj + ed Yugoslav+grown. truesborn Adv + ed far+fetched. well+meant, down+cast 2.10.2. Second Part: Present Participle N + heart+rendlng, sea +fa. Adj + ins wz+W , imod+rooking Pion + ink self+denying. all+seeing Adv + kg forth+con_tgn , everilasting. 8 2.11. Verbs Adv + Vb out+live. over+look. under+sell. urset N + Vb (minus -er) house+hunt. Ip+read (backformation) N + Vb (minus prep) ellep+walk, sun+bathe b. String Compounds (Three-Part and Loser) 2.12. 1st and 2nd components are(hot+water)+bottle. (waste+paper)+basiet themselves a compound 2nd and 3rd components are themselves a compound daddy+(loarts!) Other types merin+the+slot+machine. first+come+first+served. for/apt% e+not, out+of+work, maid+ot+all+work c. Repetition Compounds 2. 13. Onomatopoeias cliq+c2.111 , el.:12+pat, hush+hush (function: interjections alternating as verbs, nouns and adjectives) Other types fiddle+faddle, walkie+taikie (nouns) wishy+wjay, As+top (adjectives) helter+skelter (adverbs) hob+nob (verbs) d. General Remarks 2.14. English native compounds, unlike most of their Serbo-Croat counterparts, have no linking vowel. As to Greek and/or