Strategic Environmental Impact Study of the Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia 2017-2030
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Strategic Environmental Impact Study of the Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia 2017-2030 Strategic Environmental Impact Study of the Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia 2017-2030 Zagreb, August 2017. Strategic Environmental Impact Study of the Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia 2017-2030 Strategic Environmental Impact Study of the Transport Development Name of document: Strategy of the Republic of Croatia 2017-2030 Entity responsible for the Ministry of the Sea, Transport and Infrastructure preparation of the Transport Prisavlje 14 Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia: 10 000 Zagreb IRES EKOLOGIJA d.o.o. za zaštitu prirode i okoliša <IRES EKOLOGIJA Ltd. for nature and environmental protection> Designer of the Study: Prilaz baruna Filipovića 21 10 000 Zagreb Head of the Study design: Mirko Mesarić, dipl. ing. biol. EXPERT TEAM Author Signature Section Josip Stojak, mag. ing. silv. Forestry, Wild game and Hunting Boris Božić, mag. oecol. et prot. nat.. Environmental change drivers, Environmental loads Relation between the Strategy and other national plans, programs and strategies, Environmental goals established upon the conclusion of international treaties and agreements, Analysis of Dunja Delić, mag. oecol general, developmental, management/organizational measures, Environmental monitoring, Conclusion Introduction, Air quality and climatic characteristics, Ivana Gudac, mag. ing. geol. Analysis of general, developmental, governing/organizational measures Igor Ivanek, prof. biol. Biodiversity Edin Lugić, dipl. ing. biol. Appropriate Assessment Strategic Environmental Impact Study of the Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia 2017-2030 EXPERT TEAM Author Signature Section Landscape features, Analysis of general, Mateja Leljak, mag. ing. prosp. arch. developmental, governing/organizational measures Socio-economic features, Tourism, Possible Martina Matijević, mag. geogr. environmental development without implementation of the Strategy Mario Mesarić, mag. ing. agr. Agriculture Danijel Stanić, mag. ing. geol. Geodiversity, Surface and groundwater, Soil EXTERNAL CO-OPERATORS Author Signature Section Amelio Vekić, dipl. arheolog Kulturno-povijesna baština DESIGNER’S RESPONSIBLE PERSON IRES EKOLOGIJA d.o.o. for nature and environmental protection mr. sc. Marijan Gredelj This product has been made under the supervision of BUREAU VERITAS CROATIA, a certified quality management system in compliance with: • normi ISO 9001 - broj certifikata: CRO20168Q • normi ISO 14001- broj certifikata: CRO19455E Strategic Environmental Impact Study of the Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia 2017-2030 Table of Contents 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose and objectives of the Strategy ...................................................................................................... 2 2 Relationship between the Strategy and other appropriate strategies, plans and programes .............................. 6 3 Existing environmental status and possible environmental development without the Strategy implementation 16 3.1 Environmental change drivers .................................................................................................................. 16 3.1.1 Traffic as a whole ................................................................................................................................. 16 3.1.2 Road traffic ........................................................................................................................................... 20 3.1.3 Railway transport .................................................................................................................................. 22 3.1.4 Air transport .......................................................................................................................................... 24 3.1.5 River traffic ........................................................................................................................................... 25 3.1.6 Maritime traffic ...................................................................................................................................... 27 3.1.7 Public urban transport .......................................................................................................................... 30 3.2 Environmental loads ................................................................................................................................. 33 3.2.1 Air pollutants due to traffic .................................................................................................................... 33 3.2.2 Greenhouse gas emissions .................................................................................................................. 35 3.2.3 Noise .................................................................................................................................................... 36 3.2.4 Emissions of waste and ballast waters ................................................................................................. 37 3.2.5 Extraordinary events (accidents) .......................................................................................................... 39 3.3 Description of a state of environmental components ................................................................................ 40 3.3.1 Air quality and climatic features ............................................................................................................ 40 3.3.2 Geodiversity ......................................................................................................................................... 47 3.3.3 Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................................... 48 3.3.4 Landscape features .............................................................................................................................. 68 3.3.5 Soil ....................................................................................................................................................... 75 3.3.6 Waters .................................................................................................................................................. 80 3.3.7 Cultural and historical heritage ........................................................................................................... 101 3.3.8 Agriculture .......................................................................................................................................... 103 3.3.9 Forestry .............................................................................................................................................. 105 3.3.10 Wild game and hunting .................................................................................................................. 111 3.3.11 Tourism .......................................................................................................................................... 113 3.3.12 Social and Economic characteristics .............................................................................................. 120 3.4 Potential environment development without the implementation of the Strategy .................................... 135 4 Environmental Characteristics of the Areas that can be significantly affected by the Strategy ....................... 137 5 Existing Environmental Issues of Importance for the Strategy ........................................................................ 139 5.1 Air Quality and Climate Characteristics .................................................................................................. 139 Strategic Environmental Impact Study of the Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia 2017-2030 5.2 Geodiversity ............................................................................................................................................ 140 5.3 Biodiversity ............................................................................................................................................. 140 5.4 Landscape Features ............................................................................................................................... 141 5.5 Soil .......................................................................................................................................................... 141 5.6 Water ...................................................................................................................................................... 142 5.7 Cultural and historical heritage ............................................................................................................... 142 5.8 Agriculture .............................................................................................................................................. 143 5.9 Forestry .................................................................................................................................................. 144 5.10 Wild game and hunting ..........................................................................................................................