Why Flags Don't Change
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Memorandum of the Secretariat General on the European Flag Pacecom003137
DE L'EUROPE - COUNCIL OF EDMFE Consultative Assembly Confidential Strasbourg,•15th July, 1951' AS/RPP II (3) 2 COMMITTEE ON RULES OF PROCEDURE AND PRIVILEGES Sub-Committee on Immunities I MEMORANDUM OF THE SECRETARIAT GENERAL ON THE EUROPEAN FLAG PACECOM003137 1.- The purpose of an Emblem There are no ideals, however exalted in nature, which can afford to do without a symbol. Symbols play a vital part in the ideological struggles of to-day. Ever since there first arose the question of European, organisation, a large number of suggestions have more particularly been produced in its connection, some of which, despite their shortcomings, have for want of anything ;. better .been employed by various organisations and private ' individuals. A number of writers have pointed out how urgent and important it is that a symbol should be adopted, and the Secretariat-General has repeatedly been asked to provide I a description of the official emblem of the Council of Europe and has been forced to admit that no such emblem exists. Realising the importance of the matter, a number of French Members of Parliament^ have proposed in the National Assembly that the symbol of the European Movement be flown together with the national flag on public buildings. Private movements such as'the Volunteers of Europe have also been agitating for the flying of the European Movement colours on the occasion of certain French national celebrations. In Belgium the emblem of the European Movement was used during the "European Seminar of 1950" by a number of *•*: individuals, private organisations and even public institutions. -
Vietnamese Heritage Flag
Page 1 From: "Johnston, Sadhu" <[email protected]> To: "Direct to Mayor and Council - DL" <[email protected]> Date: 4/27/2016 2:52:29 PM Subject: Vietnamese Heritage Flag Dear Mayor and Council, The Protocol office has been working with members of the Vietnamese Heritage Association, regarding their request to raise the flag of South Vietnam (also sometimes referred to as the Heritage and Freedom flag of Vietnam) on City flag poles. The request to raise the flags was declined, and below are some key messages outlining the position we have taken. You can use the messages below when responding to any inquiries or refer people to speak to Paul Hendren in the Protocol office 604.873.7648. · It is the City’s long standing policy to fly the flags of other sovereign nations with which Canada has official diplomatic relations. · The request to fly the Vietnamese Heritage and Freedom Flag was declined, because it is not recognized by the Government of Canada as the flag of a sovereign nation with which it has official diplomatic relations. · The City can reconsider flying the Vietnamese Heritage and Freedom Flag when the Government of Canada officially recognizes it and raises it on Parliament Hill in Ottawa. · The City of Ottawa has the same flag policy as us, regarding raising the flags of other sovereign nations. When dealing with the same request their response was that as a municipality they have no authority to fly a national flag that is not recognized by the Government of Canada, and they will reconsider their position if the Government of Canada raises the flag on Parliament Hill. -
Flag Research Quarterly, August 2016, No. 10
FLAG RESEARCH QUARTERLY REVUE TRIMESTRIELLE DE RECHERCHE EN VEXILLOLOGIE AUGUST / AOÛT 2016 No. 10 DOUBLE ISSUE / FASCICULE DOUBLE A research publication of the North American Vexillological Association / Une publication de recherche de THE FLAGS AND l’Association nord-américaine de vexillologie SEALS OF TEXAS A S I LV E R A NN I V E R S A R Y R E V I S I O N Charles A. Spain I. Introduction “The flag is the embodiment, not of sentiment, but of history. It represents the experiences made by men and women, the experiences of those who do and live under that flag.” Woodrow Wilson1 “FLAG, n. A colored rag borne above troops and hoisted on forts and ships. It appears to serve the same purpose as certain signs that one sees on vacant lots in London—‘Rubbish may be shot here.’” Ambrose Bierce2 The power of the flag as a national symbol was all too evident in the 1990s: the constitutional debate over flag burning in the United States; the violent removal of the communist seal from the Romanian flag; and the adoption of the former czarist flag by the Russian Federation. In the United States, Texas alone possesses a flag and seal directly descended from revolution and nationhood. The distinctive feature of INSIDE / SOMMAIRE Page both the state flag and seal, the Lone Star, is famous worldwide because of the brief Editor’s Note / Note de la rédaction 2 existence of the Republic of Texas (March 2, 1836, to December 29, 1845).3 For all Solid Vexillology 2 the Lone Star’s fame, however, there is much misinformation about it. -
2019 International Religious Freedom Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, XINJIANG, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2019 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary Reports on Hong Kong, Macau, Tibet, and Xinjiang are appended at the end of this report. The constitution, which cites the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, states that citizens have freedom of religious belief but limits protections for religious practice to “normal religious activities” and does not define “normal.” Despite Chairman Xi Jinping’s decree that all members of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) must be “unyielding Marxist atheists,” the government continued to exercise control over religion and restrict the activities and personal freedom of religious adherents that it perceived as threatening state or CCP interests, according to religious groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international media reports. The government recognizes five official religions – Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism. Only religious groups belonging to the five state- sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” representing these religions are permitted to register with the government and officially permitted to hold worship services. There continued to be reports of deaths in custody and that the government tortured, physically abused, arrested, detained, sentenced to prison, subjected to forced indoctrination in CCP ideology, or harassed adherents of both registered and unregistered religious groups for activities related to their religious beliefs and practices. There were several reports of individuals committing suicide in detention, or, according to sources, as a result of being threatened and surveilled. In December Pastor Wang Yi was tried in secret and sentenced to nine years in prison by a court in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, in connection to his peaceful advocacy for religious freedom. -
Issue 1 2015
ISSUE 1 · 2015 《中国人大》对外版 NPC National People’s Congress of China THE NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS ADVANCES RULE OF LAW Ethnic minority deputies wave farewell on March 15 when the Third Session of the 12th National People’s Congress (NPC) comes to an end at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. Chen Wen The National People’s Congress 6 advances rule of law Contents Special Report 15 Streamlining administration is 25 ‘Internet Plus’ to fuel innova- government’s self-reform tion, development 6 The National People’s Congress 16 China sanguine on economy advances rule of law under new normal Diplomacy and Defense Report on the work of the Stand- 8 18 Pooling strength on ing Committee of the National Peo- 26 China eyes bigger global role ‘Belt and Road’ strategy ple’s Congress (excerpts) with Chinese solutions Free trade zone strategy in Zhang Dejiang stresses imple- 22 28 Defense budget 2015 lowest 13 speedy implementation mentation of ‘Four Comprehensives’ growth in 5 years 23 Prudent monetary policy still Judicial Reform in place Reform and Development China vows harsher punish- 23 Fertile soil provided for foreign 29 ment for corruption, terrorism investment 14 Slower growth target, tough- er environmental protection benefit Self-reproach is the right atti- Yuan’s full convertibility to 31 China and the world 24 tude to advance judicial reform advance 16 China sanguine on economy under new normal 8 Report on the work of the 18 Standing Committee of the Pooling strength on National People’s Congress (excerpts) ‘Belt and Road’ strategy ISSUE -
Flag of United Arab Emirates - a Brief History
Part of the “History of National Flags” Series from Flagmakers Flag of United Arab Emirates - A Brief History Where In The World Trivia The designer of the flag, Abdullah Mohammad Al Maainah, didn’t realise his design had been chosen until it was raised on the flagpole in 1971. Technical Specification Adopted: 2nd December 1971 Proportion: 1:2 Design: A green-white-black horizontal tricolour with a vertical red band on the right Colours: PMS Green: 355 Red: 032 Brief History In 1820 Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm al-Quwain joined together to create the Trucial States that were allied with the United Kingdom. The flag adopted to represent this alliance was a red-white-red horizontal triband with a seven pointed gold star. Between 1825 and 1952 Dubai, Kalba and Fujairah also joined the alliance The United Arab Emirates was founded in 1971 when seven of the emirates of the previous Trucial States joined together to create a single independent country. The Pan-Arab green, red, white and black colours were used for the flag which is a green-white-black horizontal tricolour with a vertical red band on the right. The government and private schools raise the flag and play the national anthem every morning. The Flag of the Trucial States The Flag of the United Arab Emirates (1820 – 1971) (1971 to Present Day The Flags of the Emirates in the United Arab Emirates Since 1968 the flag of Abu Dhabi has been a 1:2 proportioned red field with a white rectangle top left. -
Enfry Denied Aslan American History and Culture
In &a r*tm Enfry Denied Aslan American History and Culture edited by Sucheng Chan Exclusion and the Chinese Communify in America, r88z-ry43 Edited by Sucheng Chan Also in the series: Gary Y. Okihiro, Cane Fires: The Anti-lapanese Moaement Temple University press in Hawaii, t855-ry45 Philadelphia Chapter 6 The Kuomintang in Chinese American Kuomintang in Chinese American Communities 477 E Communities before World War II the party in the Chinese American communities as they reflected events and changes in the party's ideology in China. The Chinese during the Exclusion Era The Chinese became victims of American racism after they arrived in Him Lai Mark California in large numbers during the mid nineteenth century. Even while their labor was exploited for developing the resources of the West, they were targets of discriminatory legislation, physical attacks, and mob violence. Assigned the role of scapegoats, they were blamed for society's multitude of social and economic ills. A populist anti-Chinese movement ultimately pressured the U.S. Congress to pass the first Chinese exclusion act in 1882. Racial discrimination, however, was not limited to incoming immi- grants. The established Chinese community itself came under attack as The Chinese settled in California in the mid nineteenth white America showed by words and deeds that it considered the Chinese century and quickly became an important component in the pariahs. Attacked by demagogues and opportunistic politicians at will, state's economy. However, they also encountered anti- Chinese were victimizedby criminal elements as well. They were even- Chinese sentiments, which culminated in the enactment of tually squeezed out of practically all but the most menial occupations in the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. -
Scanned Using Book Scancenter 5131
REMEMBRANCE OF WAR Ralph Kelly Ctompared to the many fine lectures at this Congress which outline learned research In specialized corners of vexillology, my lecture today is a simple tale. My story is illustrated by a stamp issued by Jersey in 1970 commemorating the 25th anniversary of the islandfs liberation at the end of Wbrtd War IH (Ffgure i). The stamp is typical of many desigrts which feature flags as a central element in their design. The flags of the Allies and Nazi Germany «re immediately recognized by all. Most vexillologists would note the use of flags as effective symbols of nationhood set in a historical context, but otherwise think little about the design as the flags are so familiar. They hold no mystery of discovery equivalent to some other stamps which, tor example, proclaimed the design of a newly independent nation’s new flag or show the design of a flag of a Brazilian state (Figa. 2 and 3)2. A simple request last year has caused me to change my view of this Jersey stamp and, I think, gives a clue as to the meaning of what defines a vexillologist as distinct from someone who collects flags or has an interest in flags. 1 was asked by The image box, a design company in Melbourne to provide artwork for one of their projects commissioned by the Australian War Memorial in Canberra. The Memorial is more than a monument to the fallen. It is a large museum that conserves and displays the mementoes of the wars in which Australians have foughta. -
Supporting Data Is Available for Public Review in the Diversity and Neighborhood Outreach Office, 20 E
CITY OF MESA HUMAN RELATIONS ADVISORY BOARD (HRAB) December 4, 2013 MINUTES The Human Relations Advisory Board (HRAB) of the City of Mesa met on December 4th, 2013, at 6:00pm in the Upper Level, City Council Chambers, 57 E. First Street. MEMBERS PRESENT MEMBERS ABSENT STAFF PRESENT GUESTS Denise Heap, Chair Cheryl Anderson Andrea Arenas Terry Benelli Susan Lotz, Vice Chair Tony Filler Lam Q. Bui Frank Johnson Ruth Giese Van Bui Tony Liuzzo Justin Smothers Dzung C-Tran Cliff Moon Ray Villa Kevin Dang Talmage Pearce John Wesley Kathy Huynh Lu Ann Schmidt Son Huynh Mark Tompert Bill Laurie Mai Le Kevin Ngo Eileen Nguyen Nam Nguyen Sang Nguyen Tao Nguyen Yen Nguyen 1. Chair’s Call to Order. Ms. Heap called the meeting to order at 5:55pm. Introduction and announcement of new board members Cheryl Anderson and Tony Liuzzo. Ms. Heap advised of the new board members and welcomed Mr. Liuzzo to his first meeting. 2. Items from Citizens Present.* Ms. Benelli requested to speak to the board expressing support for the police advisory board meetings, especially the Red Mountain Community Advisory Board which has been inactive for the past two years. Ms. Benelli stated that the meetings were a great way for the public to communicate with the police department and address safety concerns. 3. Approval of minutes from the October 23rd, 2013 meeting. A motion was made by Ms. Schmidt to approve the October 23rd, 2013 minutes, Mr. Tompert seconded the motion. The motion carried unanimously. 4. Discuss and take action on Mesa Police Department Report. -
The Colours of the Fleet
THE COLOURS OF THE FLEET TCOF BRITISH & BRITISH DERIVED ENSIGNS ~ THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE WORLDWIDE LIST OF ALL FLAGS AND ENSIGNS, PAST AND PRESENT, WHICH BEAR THE UNION FLAG IN THE CANTON “Build up the highway clear it of stones lift up an ensign over the peoples” Isaiah 62 vv 10 Created and compiled by Malcolm Farrow OBE President of the Flag Institute Edited and updated by David Prothero 15 January 2015 © 1 CONTENTS Chapter 1 Page 3 Introduction Page 5 Definition of an Ensign Page 6 The Development of Modern Ensigns Page 10 Union Flags, Flagstaffs and Crowns Page 13 A Brief Summary Page 13 Reference Sources Page 14 Chronology Page 17 Numerical Summary of Ensigns Chapter 2 British Ensigns and Related Flags in Current Use Page 18 White Ensigns Page 25 Blue Ensigns Page 37 Red Ensigns Page 42 Sky Blue Ensigns Page 43 Ensigns of Other Colours Page 45 Old Flags in Current Use Chapter 3 Special Ensigns of Yacht Clubs and Sailing Associations Page 48 Introduction Page 50 Current Page 62 Obsolete Chapter 4 Obsolete Ensigns and Related Flags Page 68 British Isles Page 81 Commonwealth and Empire Page 112 Unidentified Flags Page 112 Hypothetical Flags Chapter 5 Exclusions. Page 114 Flags similar to Ensigns and Unofficial Ensigns Chapter 6 Proclamations Page 121 A Proclamation Amending Proclamation dated 1st January 1801 declaring what Ensign or Colours shall be borne at sea by Merchant Ships. Page 122 Proclamation dated January 1, 1801 declaring what ensign or colours shall be borne at sea by merchant ships. 2 CHAPTER 1 Introduction The Colours of The Fleet 2013 attempts to fill a gap in the constitutional and historic records of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth by seeking to list all British and British derived ensigns which have ever existed. -
The Australasian Kuo Min Tang 1911–2013
百年回顧:中國國民黨駐 澳洲總支部歷史文物彙編 Unlocking the History of The Australasian Kuo Min Tang 1911–2013 Mei-fen Kuo left her native Taiwan in 2003 to undertake a PhD thesis at La Trobe University, which she was awarded in 2008. From 2010 to 2013 she was an Australian Post-doctoral Fellow in the School of Social Science at La Trobe University and is currently a Research Fellow in the Asia-Pacific Centre for Social Investment and Philanthropy at Swinburne University. She is the author of Making Chinese Australia: Urban Elites, Newspapers and the Formation of Chinese-Australian Identity, 1892–1912 (Monash University Publishing 2013). Her polished bilingual research skills have made a significant contribution to our understanding the Chinese-Australian urban elite in a transnational setting. Judith Brett is an Emeritus Professor at La Trobe University. She has written extensively on the history of non-labour politics in Australia, including on the history of the Liberal Party and on ideas of citizenship. Her books include Robert Menzies’ Forgotten People (Macmillan 1992) and Australian Liberals and the Moral Middle Class: From Alfred Deakin to John Howard (Cambridge 2003). She has written three Quarterly Essays and is currently working on a new biography of Alfred Deakin. 百年回顧:中國國民黨駐 澳洲總支部歷史文物彙編 Unlocking the History of The Australasian Kuo Min Tang 1911–2013 Mei-Fen Kuo & Judith Brett AUSTRALIAN SCHOLARLY Contents Foreword vii Preface ix 中文序言與前言 xiii 1 A Rising Wind of Civil Democracy 1 the Early Days of Chinese Australian Nationalists from 1900 2 Building the Chinese Nationalist 16 Party in Australasia 1917–1921 3 Competition and Challenges 40 1923–1928 4 Semi-official Leadership through 61 the Years of the Great Depression 1929–1933 5 New Spirit of Nationalism and 95 Turning Australia to Face Asia 1934–1939 6 Overcoming the Time of Hardships 107 Publication assisted by Australian Research Council, Chinese Nationalist Party of Australasia and La Trobe University. -
Official Colours of Chinese Regimes: a Panchronic Philological Study with Historical Accounts of China
TRAMES, 2012, 16(66/61), 3, 237–285 OFFICIAL COLOURS OF CHINESE REGIMES: A PANCHRONIC PHILOLOGICAL STUDY WITH HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF CHINA Jingyi Gao Institute of the Estonian Language, University of Tartu, and Tallinn University Abstract. The paper reports a panchronic philological study on the official colours of Chinese regimes. The historical accounts of the Chinese regimes are introduced. The official colours are summarised with philological references of archaic texts. Remarkably, it has been suggested that the official colours of the most ancient regimes should be the three primitive colours: (1) white-yellow, (2) black-grue yellow, and (3) red-yellow, instead of the simple colours. There were inconsistent historical records on the official colours of the most ancient regimes because the composite colour categories had been split. It has solved the historical problem with the linguistic theory of composite colour categories. Besides, it is concluded how the official colours were determined: At first, the official colour might be naturally determined according to the substance of the ruling population. There might be three groups of people in the Far East. (1) The developed hunter gatherers with livestock preferred the white-yellow colour of milk. (2) The farmers preferred the red-yellow colour of sun and fire. (3) The herders preferred the black-grue-yellow colour of water bodies. Later, after the Han-Chinese consolidation, the official colour could be politically determined according to the main property of the five elements in Sino-metaphysics. The red colour has been predominate in China for many reasons. Keywords: colour symbolism, official colours, national colours, five elements, philology, Chinese history, Chinese language, etymology, basic colour terms DOI: 10.3176/tr.2012.3.03 1.