What Can Google Trends Data Tell Us About Dialect Labels: an Exploratory Study
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Going the Pub and Being the Library
Going the Pub and Being the Library A Microparameter in North-West English Preposi>onal Phrases Boston University Linguis>cs Faculty Spotlight Thursday, Oct 2nd Neil Myler ([email protected]) The United Kingdom 2 England 3 England The North West of England 4 Bit of the North West we’re dealing with 5 Bit of the North West we’re dealing with Scouse 6 Bit of the North West we’re dealing with Woolyback Scouse 7 Scousers, Plas>c Scousers (Placcies) and Woolybacks St Helens, Widnes etc are wools. Huyton, Kirkby, Bootle etc. are borderline. Birkenhead are the biggest wools. Wools want to be Scousers, Scousers don’t want to be wools. Stevie Dunn I AM proud to be classed as a Scouser and here are my defini>ons. Scouser: An individual born within eyesight of the Liver Building or adopted by the en>re city. Must have a Liverpudlian accent and be proud that we sound Australian to all Americans. Plas>c Scousers: Those born in eyesight of the Liver Building, but have to cross water, or those born and living within the city, but wish to speak differently and live elsewhere. Woolybacks: Those who sound like they live near sheep – areas like Manchester, Warrington and Widnes. Lulla h[p://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/scousers-plas>c-scousers-woolybacks--3366630 h[p://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/nostalgia/what-plas>c-scouser-paddy-shennan-3370855 8 Definite Woolybacks The Lancashire Hotpots • Comedy folk band from St Helens • Named aer “Lancashire Hotpot”, a tradi>onal stew. • Note flatcaps, waistcoats etc. -
Social and Cultural Functions of the Local Press in Preston, Lancashire, 1855-1900
Reading the local paper: Social and cultural functions of the local press in Preston, Lancashire, 1855-1900 by Andrew Hobbs A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Central Lancashire November 2010 ABSTRACT This thesis demonstrates that the most popular periodical genre of the second half of the nineteenth century was the provincial newspaper. Using evidence from news rooms, libraries, the trade press and oral history, it argues that the majority of readers (particularly working-class readers) preferred the local press, because of its faster delivery of news, and because of its local and localised content. Building on the work of Law and Potter, the thesis treats the provincial press as a national network and a national system, a structure which enabled it to offer a more effective news distribution service than metropolitan papers. Taking the town of Preston, Lancashire, as a case study, this thesis provides some background to the most popular local publications of the period, and uses the diaries of Preston journalist Anthony Hewitson as a case study of the career of a local reporter, editor and proprietor. Three examples of how the local press consciously promoted local identity are discussed: Hewitson’s remoulding of the Preston Chronicle, the same paper’s changing treatment of Lancashire dialect, and coverage of professional football. These case studies demonstrate some of the local press content that could not practically be provided by metropolitan publications. The ‘reading world’ of this provincial town is reconstructed, to reveal the historical circumstances in which newspapers and the local paper in particular were read. -
Breathtaking Stories of Extreme Filming. Read the Full Story on Page 6
The newspaper for BBC pensioners - with highlights from Ariel Heights, Camera, Action Breathtaking stories of extreme filming. Read the full story on page 6. June 2011 • Issue 4 Yes, Prime Lord Patten Minister back takes the helm Sounds better? on stage Page 2 Page 7 Page 12 NEWS • LifE aftEr auNtiE • CLaSSifiEdS • Your LEttErS • obituariES • CroSPEro 02 uPdatE froM thE bbC Patten takes helm at BBC Trust On 3 May, Lord Patten began his appointment as chairman of the BBC Trust – with an interesting first day spent taking questions from staff in a ringmain session. Quality First) should be all about and I hope we’ll be able to discuss options with the Executive during the summer.’ 2011 pay offer It is also apparent that the new chairman is ready and willing to deal with the – an update repercussions of the less popular decisions to be taken, and those which will not always Further to requests by the unions for all be accepted gladly by the licence fee payer. staff in bands 2-11 to be awarded a pay ‘I hope we won’t be talking about closing increase which is ‘substantially above services but, whatever we are talking about inflation’, the BBC has offered a 2% doing, if the Trust and the Executive are increase – which falls far short of the agreed it is the best way of using the money Retail Prices Index (RPI) figures on which then we have to stand by the consequences. If it is intended to be based (5.2% as at that involves answering thousands of emails, April 2011). -
Origins of NZ English
Origins of NZ English There are three basic theories about the origins of New Zealand English, each with minor variants. Although they are usually presented as alternative theories, they are not necessarily incompatible. The theories are: • New Zealand English is a version of 19th century Cockney (lower-class London) speech; • New Zealand English is a version of Australian English; • New Zealand English developed independently from all other varieties from the mixture of accents and dialects that the Anglophone settlers in New Zealand brought with them. New Zealand as Cockney The idea that New Zealand English is Cockney English derives from the perceptions of English people. People not themselves from London hear some of the same pronunciations in New Zealand that they hear from lower-class Londoners. In particular, some of the vowel sounds are similar. So the vowel sound in a word like pat in both lower-class London English and in New Zealand English makes that word sound like pet to other English people. There is a joke in England that sex is what Londoners get their coal in. That is, the London pronunciation of sacks sounds like sex to other English people. The same joke would work with New Zealanders (and also with South Africans and with Australians, until very recently). Similarly, English people from outside London perceive both the London and the New Zealand versions of the word tie to be like their toy. But while there are undoubted similarities between lower-class London English and New Zealand (and South African and Australian) varieties of English, they are by no means identical. -
Barrow-In-Furness, Cumbria
BBC VOICES RECORDINGS http://sounds.bl.uk Title: Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria Shelfmark: C1190/11/01 Recording date: 2005 Speakers: Airaksinen, Ben, b. 1987 Helsinki; male; sixth-form student (father b. Finland, research scientist; mother b. Barrow-in-Furness) France, Jane, b. 1954 Barrow-in-Furness; female; unemployed (father b. Knotty Ash, shoemaker; mother b. Bootle, housewife) Andy, b. 1988 Barrow-in-Furness; male; sixth-form student (father b. Barrow-in-Furness, shop sales assistant; mother b. Harrow, dinner lady) Clare, b. 1988 Barrow-in-Furness; female; sixth-form student (father b. Barrow-in-Furness, farmer; mother b. Brentwood, Essex) Lucy, b. 1988 Leeds; female; sixth-form student (father b. Pudsey, farmer; mother b. Dewsbury, building and construction tutor; nursing home activities co-ordinator) Nathan, b. 1988 Barrow-in-Furness; male; sixth-form student (father b. Dalton-in-Furness, IT worker; mother b. Barrow-in-Furness) The interviewees (except Jane France) are sixth-form students at Barrow VI Form College. ELICITED LEXIS ○ see English Dialect Dictionary (1898-1905) ∆ see New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English (2006) ◊ see Green’s Dictionary of Slang (2010) ♥ see Dictionary of Contemporary Slang (2014) ♦ see Urban Dictionary (online) ⌂ no previous source (with this sense) identified pleased chuffed; happy; made-up tired knackered unwell ill; touch under the weather; dicky; sick; poorly hot baking; boiling; scorching; warm cold freezing; chilly; Baltic◊ annoyed nowty∆; frustrated; pissed off; miffed; peeved -
LANGUAGE VARIETY in ENGLAND 1 ♦ Language Variety in England
LANGUAGE VARIETY IN ENGLAND 1 ♦ Language Variety in England One thing that is important to very many English people is where they are from. For many of us, whatever happens to us in later life, and however much we move house or travel, the place where we grew up and spent our childhood and adolescence retains a special significance. Of course, this is not true of all of us. More often than in previous generations, families may move around the country, and there are increasing numbers of people who have had a nomadic childhood and are not really ‘from’ anywhere. But for a majority of English people, pride and interest in the area where they grew up is still a reality. The country is full of football supporters whose main concern is for the club of their childhood, even though they may now live hundreds of miles away. Local newspapers criss-cross the country in their thousands on their way to ‘exiles’ who have left their local areas. And at Christmas time the roads and railways are full of people returning to their native heath for the holiday period. Where we are from is thus an important part of our personal identity, and for many of us an important component of this local identity is the way we speak – our accent and dialect. Nearly all of us have regional features in the way we speak English, and are happy that this should be so, although of course there are upper-class people who have regionless accents, as well as people who for some reason wish to conceal their regional origins. -
“Cockney and the Queen”
“Cockney and the Queen” The importance and development of the accent known as Estuary English Maren Kristine Haugom MA Thesis UNIVERSITY OF OSLO Faculty of Humanities Department of Literature, Area Studies and European Languages Spring 2012 Abstract For this MA thesis I have chosen to investigate the accent known as Estuary English (EE). Even though it is having a massive impact on the development of the English language (especially in Britain) there are few extensive sources regarding this accent, and even though studies have been conducted they are few and hard to come across. Even linguists agree that there are few sources regarding EE, which makes it an interesting research topic. Due to the structure and (lack of) status of EE it is being discussed by linguists and commoners alike, and the media has acted as a linguistic “battlefield” of sorts where linguists and members of the general public have presented their arguments, suggested definitions, and frustrations regarding the new accent. The fact that the general opinions differ greatly and that definitions are changing continually makes it a very interesting base for research. It is a dynamic topic, a linguistic phenomenon which is happening in our time. As my thesis is being written over the course of only one semester I have chosen not to do field work or conduct a survey, although I will attempt to refer to studies conducted by other researchers where this is feasible. Because of the time limit I have chosen to focus mainly on theoretical aspects, such as the problems regarding a proper definition of EE and the discussion around which phonemic traits are part of the accent. -
25 Years of Eastenders – but Who Is the Best Loved Character? Submitted By: 10 Yetis PR and Marketing Wednesday, 17 February 2010
25 years of Eastenders – but who is the best loved character? Submitted by: 10 Yetis PR and Marketing Wednesday, 17 February 2010 More than 2,300 members of the public were asked to vote for the Eastenders character they’d most like to share a takeaway with – with Alfie Moon, played by actor Shane Ritchie, topping the list of most loved characters. Janine Butcher is the most hated character from the last 25 years, with three quarters of the public admitting they disliked her. Friday marks the 25th anniversary of popular British soap Eastenders, with a half hour live special episode. To commemorate the occasion, the UK’s leading takeaway website www.Just-Eat.co.uk (http://www.just-eat.co.uk) asked 2,310 members of the public to list the character they’d most like to ‘have a takeaway with’, in the style of the age old ‘who would you invite to a dinner party’ question. When asked the multi-answer question, “Which Eastenders characters from the last 25 years would you most like to share a takeaway meal with?’, Shane Richie’s Alfie Moon, who first appeared in 2002 topped the poll with 42% of votes. The study was entirely hypothetical, and as such included characters which may no longer be alive. Wellard, primarily owned by Robbie Jackson and Gus Smith was introduced to the show in 1994, and ranked as the 5th most popular character to share a takeaway with. 1.Alfie Moon – 42% 2.Kat Slater – 36% 3.Nigel Bates – 34% 4.Grant Mitchell – 33% 5.Wellard the Dog – 30% 6.Peggy Mitchell – 29% 7.Arthur Fowler – 26% 8.Dot Cotton – 25% 9.Ethyl Skinner – 22% 10.Pat Butcher – 20% The poll also asked respondents to list the characters they loved to hate, with Janine Butcher, who has been portrayed by Rebecca Michael, Alexia Demetriou and most recently Charlie Brooks topping the list of the soaps most hated, with nearly three quarters of the public saying listing her as their least favourite character. -
Newcastle Upon Tyne; Male; Editor ‘Newcastle Stuff’ Thompson, Sheila, B
BBC VOICES RECORDINGS http://sounds.bl.uk Title: Longbenton, Tyne & Wear Shelfmark: C1190/23/04 Recording date: 2005 Speakers: Hall, Marshall, b. 1960 Newcastle upon Tyne; male; Editor ‘Newcastle Stuff’ Thompson, Sheila, b. 1939 Newcastle upon Tyne; female Weaving, John Albert, b. 1938 Cramlington, Northumberland; male The interviewees are all related and share a strong interest in local dialect. Marshall and his mother, Sheila, and uncle, John, grew up in mining families. ELICITED LEXIS ○ see English Dialect Dictionary (1898-1905) * see Survey of English Dialects Basic Material (1962-1971) † see Dictionary of the Scots Language (online edition) ►see Romani Rokkeripen To-Divvus (1984) # see Dictionary of North East Dialect (2011) ∆ see New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English (2006) ◊ see Green’s Dictionary of Slang (2010) ♦ see Urban Dictionary (online) ⌂ no previous source (with this sense) identified pleased chuffed (“chuffed to heavens”) tired fagged; fagged out; tired; knackered, exhausted (of extreme tiredness); paggered# unwell bad fettle (“in a bad fettle”); not too clever; not over [aʊə] clever (“you divvent* look over [aʊə] clever to me”) hot het (of self/weather); hot cold cold ([kaːd] of self, [kaʊɫd] of weather, “I’m very cold [kaːd] today and it’s very cold [kaʊɫd] outside”) annoyed angry; aerated throw thraw (“thraw it over there”); hoy○ (“hoy it over here”) play truant skive (of school/work); wag off; knock it⌂1 1 OED (online edition) records ‘knock off’ in this sense but not ‘knock it’. http://sounds.bl.uk -
Word Bank of Lost Dialects
A to Z Words and phrases collected by the Word Bank This is a full list of all the words and phrases that were donated by visitors to the original Lost Dialects exhibition at The Word from October 2016 – June 2018. Some have been lightly edited for punctuation, consistency and readability. Alternative spellings and missing definitions that have been subsequently added are indicated in italics. Words Word Definition(s) Allies Marbles Alreet Are you ok, how are you?, hello, ok, yes Armu Unappreciated Ashy Poor Aye Yes Babby Baby Back-ower Reverse Bagsy To choose or pick Baigey Turnip Bairn A child, baby Bait A packed meal, food (sandwiches etc.), lunch Baldi Bald person Baltic Incredibly cold Bampot or barmpot A crazy or silly person Banger Bone shaker bicycle Banta Chat between people Bantling Infant Bari Good, something that is good or nice Barnet Hair Barra Shopping trolley Bash Hit Beaver Beard Beek Nose Belta Excellent, really good, great, fantastic, brilliant Benker A metal marble Billet Home Blackfasten Not bothered, not enthusiastic Blamma A hard kick Blate Shy Blather Talk too much Bleezer Metal plate used to draw air into fireplace Blether Talk Blindin’ Something that’s great INDEX OF WORDS A to Bli Word Definition(s) Blocka A game Boake Puke, gag Bobbins Rubbish Bog A toilet Bogey Homemade go-kart, usually old pram wheels Bogie Snot Boilie Bread and milk Bonny Pretty, pretty nice, beautiful, good looking Boodie or boody Pottery, broken pieces of china buried in the ground Bostin Good Brassant or brass Money Brassic Skint, no money -
Language Variation And. Identity
LanguageVariation and.Identity in Sunderland (Volume 1) LourdesBurbano-Elizondo Doctor of Philosophy National Centre for English Cultural Tradition (School of English Literature, Language and Linguistics) The University of Sheffield September2008 Acknowledgments First and foremost I would like to expressmy gratitude to the National Centre for English Cultural Tradition for financially supporting this PhD and thus making possiblethe conductof this project. I would also like to thank Joan Beal (NATCECT, School of English Literature, Languageand Linguistics) and Emma Moore (School of English Literature, Language and Linguistics) for supervisingmy study and providing me with invaluable advice and supportthroughout the whole process.Tbanks also to the Departmentof English at EdgeHill University for their supportand facilitation. Thanks must go to the NECTE team for granting me accessto recordings and transcriptions when they were still in the process of completing the corpus. I am indebted to Carmen Llamas, Dom Watt, Paul Foulkes and Warren Maguire who at different stagesin my dataanalysis offered their guidanceand help. I am very grateful to Elizabeth Wiredu (Leaming Support Adviser from the Learning ServicesDepartment of Edge Hill University) for her assistancewith some of the statisticsconducted in the dataanalysis. My thanks are due to Lorenzo and Robin for providing me accommodationevery time I went up to Sunderlandto do my fieldwork. I must also gratefully acknowledgeall the Sunderlandpeople who volunteeredto participatein my study. This study would not havebeen possible without their help. Special thanks go to Anna, Natalia, Heike, Alice, John, Esther and Damien for innumerablefavours, support and encouragement.I must also thank Damien for his patienceand understanding,and his invaluablehelp proof-readingthis work. -
British Accents and Dialects
British Accents and Dialects www.bl.uk/british-accents-and-dialects Resources consulted in creating British Accents and Dialects Books Bauer, L. & Trudgill, P. 1998. Language Myths. Harmondsworth: Penguin Beal, J. 2006. Language and Region. London: Routledge Beard, A. 2004. Language Change. London: Routledge Crystal, D. 2002. The English Language: A Guided Tour of the Language, 2nd Edn. Harmondsworth: Penguin Crystal, D. 2003. English as a Global Language, 2nd Edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Crystal, D. 2004. The Stories of English. Harmondsworth: Penguin Crystal, D. 2011. Evolving English: One Language, Many Voices. London: British Library Chambers, J. & Trudgill, P. 1998. Dialectology, 2nd Edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Cruttenden, A. 2001. Gimson's Pronunciation of English, 6th Edn. London: Hodder Arnold Dent, S. 2011. How to Talk Like a Local: From Cockney to Geordie. London: Random House Elmes, S. 2005. Talking for Britain. Harmondsworth: Penguin Foulkes, P., & Gerard D. (eds.) 1999. Urban Voices: Accent Studies in the British Isles. London: Arnold Hughes, A., Trudgill, P. & Watt, D. 2005. English Accents and Dialects: An Introduction to Social and Regional Varieties of English in the British Isles, 4th edn. London: Hodder Arnold Kortmann, B. & Upton, C. (eds.) 2008. Varieties of English 1: The British Isles. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter Opie, I. & P. 1987. The Lore and Language of Schoolchildren. Oxford: Oxford University Press Orton, H. 1962. Survey of English Dialects (A): An Introduction. Leeds: E J Arnold and Son Ltd. Orton, H., Halliday, W. & Barry, M. (eds.) 1962-1971. Survey of English Dialects (B): The Basic Material, Vols.1- 4. Leeds: E.J.