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North Aceh Regional Innovation Policy in the Face of Reduced Regional Fiscal Capacity After the End Operational PT

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North Aceh Regional Innovation Policy in the Face of Reduced Regional Fiscal Capacity After the End Operational PT 10 North Aceh Regional Innovation Policy in the face of reduced Regional Fiscal Capacity after the end operational PT. Arun. LNG Ferizaldi1, Muhammad Hasyem2 1,Public Administration Departement, Faculty of Sosial and Political Sciences, UniversitasMalikussaleh, Lhokseumawe, Indonesia Email : [email protected] Abstract Through Law no. 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh. Aceh has very broad powers, especially in the area of fiscal decentralization, which allows the Aceh government to have greater discretion in maximizing its fiscal needs. The phenomenon that occurred in North Aceh is very paradoxical with the fact that the North Aceh Government experienced a very large budget deficit after the end of PT. Arun. LNG as a contributor to oil and gas revenue sharing. This study aims to find out what innovation policies are carried out by the North Aceh Regency Government to overcome the budget deficit after the end of PT. Arun LNG. The results of the study show that various policies have been carried out by the North Aceh government but are still short-term in nature. So it can be concluded that the North Aceh Government does not have Social Accountability in implementing Aceh's Special Autonomy. In the Medium-Term Development Plan, a major policy that is substituted for income that will be lost after the end of the operations of PT. Arun.LNG so that the budget deficit can be overcome and the regional fiscal gap does not become negative. Keyword :Inovation, Regional Fiskal, Government 10 10 Introduction centralization of power. This was followed RyassRasyid said the regional by the enactment of Law no. 11 of 2006 autonomy policy which was launched in concerning the Government of Aceh. In Law 1999 was intended to strengthen the No. 11 of 2006 the authority of the Acehnese authority of local governments and government is greater in various encourage community independence in the matters including fiscal decentralization, regions. The powerlessness of the regions in political decentralization, cultural and developing policy initiatives has long been religious decentralization. maintained through a system designed in a Specifically in the field of fiscal centralized manner, with dependence on decentralization, the province of Aceh is development projects designed through the entitled to receive larger funds from the oil legality of Presidential Instructions and other and gas revenue-sharing sector, and to forms. ( Jazuli, 2007: xviii ) receive additional transfers other than So that with the regional autonomy general allocation funds and special policy, the region will grow and develop allocation funds, namely special autonomy according to the characteristics and potential funds. Oil and gas revenue sharing fund of each. The pattern of dependence with the according to UUPA No. 11 of 2006 central government will decrease along with concerning the Government of Aceh is 70: 30, the birth of regional innovation and 70 percent for the Province of Aceh and 30 creativity, which is driven by percent for the Government of Indonesia. regionalleaders. This is in line with Prof. Dr. ApridarMSi, said that the statement of Widjaya (2002:7) who also Aceh, in particular the government and said that through regional autonomy it is people of North Aceh Regency, may now or hoped that the regions will be more in the future enter a period of "distress", independent in determining all theiractivities following the end of PT Arun's operations in and the central government is expected not mid-October 2015. Sadly, the Aceh to be too active in regulating regions with a Government and the North Aceh Regency centralized pattern. Government are considered to have no Aceh Province in implementing preparations. -what "welcome" the cessation decentralization or regional autonomy of natural gas exploitation in the Arun field. policies is different from other provinces in Indonesia. With Law no. 18 of 2001 The blueprint should have been concerning Special Autonomy for Nanggroe prepared since the 1980s. However, the Aceh Darussalam as well as being a dignified North Aceh Regency Government is just effort for early conflict resolution in Aceh as sitting around waiting for the results every well as a new paradigm in reducing the year, ”, responding to PT Arun's “roll 10 11 lapak”. The wealth and glory of the source of development and public services in Government and the people of Aceh, the region. Based on this phenomenon, in the especially North Aceh, is highly dependent task of this article, the author tries to discuss on the results of natural gas exploitation by the innovative policies carried out by the PT Arun since 1977. So, now the big question North Aceh government to replace lost that arises is "what do you want after Arun sources of revenue from the oil and gas goes out of business? " "In the future, revenue sharing sector. the North Aceh Regency Government should Literature review focus on the agriculturalsector to reduce Public policy poverty. Development priorities to Policies are often misinterpreted by reduce poverty must also be directed at some people, policies are often interpreted as sustainable economic development in rural something that violates procedures or is areas,” ( Serambi Indonesia, 17 January considered as an exception and so on which 2017 ) has a negative meaning. This negative The impact of the end of the interpretation is closely related to policies operation of PT. Arun LNG as a contributor that are interpreted by the public as partial, to oil and gas revenue-sharing for North or only interpreted according to Aceh, the North Aceh District stereotypes. Public policy consists of two Budget (APBK AUT) has a deficit. As for the words, namely "policy" and "public", things that the North Aceh Government has policies issued by the government with the done to overcome this is to apply for a authority it has, while public means the budget loanto the Ministry of Finance, the wider community or people who give article is that after the approval of the 2016 authority to the government. So the policy APBK, North Aceh did not meet the budget should be directed to carry out the authority of Rp110 billion. possessed in accordance with the will of the Quoting the opinion of Cohen and community for the common good. Peterson and the OECD (Mas'ud Said, The definition of public policy as 2005:25) they explain that regional autonomy mentioned by Thomas R. Dye (1995:2) " what can promote an efficient and creative government does, why they do it, and what government administration system, and the difference it makes" . Furthermore, OECD argues that regional autonomy can Peterson (2003:1030 ) states public policy increase the effectiveness of the public as government action to address some sector . So the North Aceh Government problems . The definition of public policy as should be innovative in producing policies expressed by Dye is still too vague, whatever that can maximize regional income as a the government does or does not do, this 11 12 means that the silence of the government example the MPR - RI Decree means a policy that is carried out, it could be during the New Order. that the government's silence may be 2. Main Public Policy, namely the because it does not understand the problems legal aspect that translates the and problems of its people, but this Reference policy to be understanding is generally accepted as a implemented. For example, Laws or simple concept of public policy. Presidential Decrees. While Peterson describes it as a 3. Implementing Public Policy , government action to solve some problems. I namely the legal aspect that hope the definition is broader than transforms the main policies into Dye. While the key concepts of public policy principal and technical rules, for as described by Young and example the Decree of the Minister, Quinn (in Suharto, 2005:44) are as follows: Governor or Regent/Mayor. 1. Authorized Government action; According to Winarno (2007:32-34), 2. A Reaction to real world needs and the process of making public policy is a problems; complex process because it involves many 3. A goal-oriented set of actions; processes and variables that must be 4. A decision to do or not to do something; studied. Therefore, some political experts 5. A Justification made by one or more who are interested in studying public policy actors. divide the processes of public policy making Based on these key concepts, it can be into several stages. The stages of public concluded that public policy is only carried policy are as follows: out by the government with the power it has 1. Agenda Preparation Stage in resolving community problems to reach a Elected and appointed officials put final settlement,the policy itself is usually matters on the public agenda. Previously, comprehensive, meaning that it consists of these problems had the competence to be various actions that are structured as a included in the policy agenda. In the end, formal legality that is binding and can be several issues entered the policy agenda of measured. its success. the policy makers. At this stage a problem If translated in the context of the may not be touched at all, while other Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, problems are set to be the focus of public policies can be classified as: discussion, or there are also problems for 1. Public Policy as a Reference, namely certain reasons that are postponed for a long the highest legal aspect that time. regulates problems in general, for 12 13 2. Policy Formulation Stage of the implementation of the policy has the Issues that have entered the policy support of the implementers (implementors) , agenda are then discussed by policy but others may be opposed by the makers. These problems are defined and executor.
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