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52527_CVR.indd Page A-B 6/11/09 11:18:32 PM user-044 /Volumes/104/SF00327/work%0/indd%0/SF_RE_TX:NL_L... Suggested levels for Guided Reading, DRA,™ Lexile,® and Reading Recovery™ are provided in the Pearson Scott Foresman Leveling Guide. byby MeishMeish GoldishGoldish Comprehension Genre Text Features Skills and Strategy Expository • Generalize • Table of Contents nonfi ction • Author’s Purpose • Captions • Predict and Set • Glossary Purpose Scott Foresman Reading Street 5.4.2 ISBN-13: 978-0-328-52527-0 ISBN-10: 0-328-52527-8 90000 9 780328 525270 LeYWXkbWho :WbcWj_Wd \h_bbo fhec[dWZ_d] ifhW_d[Z XoC[_i^=ebZ_i^Xo C[_i^ =ebZ_i^ ikXij_jkj[ MehZYekdj0(")+, Note: The total word count includes words in the running text and headings only. Numerals and words in chapter titles, captions, labels, diagrams, charts, graphs, sidebars, and extra features are not included. (MFOWJFX *MMJOPJTt#PTUPO .BTTBDIVTFUUTt$IBOEMFS "SJ[POBt 6QQFS4BEEMF3JWFS /FX+FSTFZ Chapter 1 A Difficult Childhood . 4 Chapter 2 The Will to Walk . 8 Chapter 3 Photographs New Opportunities. 12 Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions. Chapter 4 Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Pearson The 1960 Olympics . 16 Education, Inc. Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R), Background (Bkgd) Chapter 5 Helping Others . 20 Opener Jerry Cooke/Corbis; 1 ©AP Images; 5 Hulton Archive/Getty Images; 6 Stan Wayman/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images; 7 Margaret Bourke-White/Time Life Pictures/ Getty Images; 8 ©AP Images; 9 Francis Miller/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images; 10 ©iStockphoto; 11 Mark Humphrey/©AP Images; 12 John J. Lent/©AP Images; 14 ©AP Images; 15 Jerry Cooke/Corbis; 16 ©AP Images; 17 ©AP Images; 18 Jupiter Images; 19 ©AP Images; 20 Bettmann/Corbis; 21 Bettmann/Corbis, Corbis; 22 Bettmann/Corbis; 23 Brent Moore. ISBN 13: 978-0-328-52527-0 ISBN 10: 0-328-52527-8 Copyright © by Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, write to Pearson Curriculum Rights & Permissions, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. Pearson® is a trademark, in the U.S. and/or in other countries, of Pearson plc or its affiliates. Scott Foresman® is a trademark, in the U.S. and/or in other countries, of Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V0G1 13 12 11 10 09 3 A Difficult Childhood From the day she was born in 1940, Wilma Rudolph However, when she was five, Wilma faced the most faced obstacles that would have stopped someone less serious medical condition of her life. She became sick remarkable. In a large, poor family in the South, she was with polio, a disease that attacks and weakens muscles, born twentieth in a family of 22 children and, as a child, many times leaving victims permanently disabled. As a faced many medical problems. Yet, despite her humble result, Wilma’s left leg turned background and the illnesses she fought, she never inward and wouldn’t move. allowed these struggles to get in the way of her dreams. Doctors thought that she would Instead, she trusted her strength and determination to never walk again. help her succeed. Ultimately, they helped make her the Wilma’s mother was extraordinary woman she became—the first African determined to get her daughter American woman to win an Olympic gold medal and a the medical help that she role model for many. needed. But it wasn’t easy Wilma’s struggles began when she was born two because the family lived in months premature. She was very underweight. As a result, Clarksville, Tennessee, which she was so weak that doctors feared she might not live practiced segregation like most past her first year. southern towns at the time. Not Wilma just barely survived, and in her early years, she only did black people live apart battled numerous other illnesses. Early on, she contracted from white people, but they double pneumonia, a serious lung disease. She also weren’t allowed to use the same contracted whooping cough, measles, and chicken pox hospitals as whites either. and, later, a very dangerous and high fever called scarlet fever. Today, there is an immunization that prevents people from getting polio. When Wilma was a child, however, the medicine had not yet been invented. 4 5 So, twice a week, Wilma and her mother made a long 50-mile trip by bus to a hospital in Nashville, Tennessee, that treated black patients with polio. At the hospital, doctors did what they could. They bathed Wilma’s bad leg in hot water and rubbed the muscles. They showed Wilma and her mother how to massage and exercise her leg to make it stronger. However, doctors there could not do very much for Wilma. There was still no cure for polio, and those who got the disease (most often children) generally died or were disabled for life. Keeping the damaged muscles in water was a common treatment for polio victims in Wilma’s day. At home, Wilma did leg exercises even though they hurt her leg a lot. Fortunately, she had a large support team to help. Wilma’s older brothers and sisters, many of whom were living at home, were eager to help their little sister in any way they could. They took turns rubbing Wilma’s leg muscles and offered words of hope. Yet even with their encouragement, Wilma often felt hopeless. She couldn’t even go to school because the only On their trips to Nashville, Wilma and her mother way she could get around was by hopping on one leg. had to sit in the back of a bus similar to this one, Stuck at home all day, Wilma was lonely and often found because buses in the South were segregated. herself crying. 6 7 TheTh WillWill tot WWalk When she turned six, Wilma finally received some As she sat on the sidelines watching her classmates encouraging news. Her left leg had grown strong enough play, Wilma became interested in basketball. She had to be fitted with a heavy metal brace, which helped Wilma plenty of time to learn the rules, study how her classmates walk—or at least limp—instead of hop. moved across the court, and examine how they scored Wilma was thrilled because it meant that she could go points. Increasingly, Wilma became determined to find to school. However, returning to school was not nearly as a way to play the game herself. But she knew it was pleasant as she had hoped. The majority of her classmates impossible to play with a brace on her leg; she needed to teased her about the large be able to walk on her own. metal brace on her leg. One Sunday, ten-year-old Wilma decided to try “I was so lonely, and I felt walking. Since she had worked hard on her leg exercises rejected,” Wilma recalled. “I for years, Wilma felt confident. The church service was would close my eyes and just already underway when she and her family arrived. In the drift off into a sinking feeling, back of the church, Wilma carefully took off the brace for going down, down, down.” the first time. With a great effort, she began to walk very To make matters worse, slowly down the church aisle. The sight stunned people on the playground, Wilma and, a hush fell on the crowd. Finally, Wilma arrived wasn’t allowed to participate at the front pews and took her seat. Some churchgoers in any physical activity. wondered if they had just Instead, she could only sit on witnessed a miracle! the sidelines and watch the other students play different games, one of which was basketball. The desire to play basketball inspired Wilma to overcome her difficult situation. Six-year-old Wilma Rudolph, right, poses with her older sister Yvonne in an undated photo 8 9 In her sophomore year, Wilma’s team nearly won the state championship. But although the team ultimately lost their final game, that game offered Wilma a big break. Ed Temple, a coach from Tennessee State University, had watched Wilma play, and he was so impressed by Wilma’s speed that he wanted her to attend Tennessee State. However, he wasn’t looking for her to play basketball—he wanted her to run on the college track team! Wilma was thrilled by the offer, but first she had to complete high school. Little did she understand the exciting but difficult challenges she was about to face. Wilma knew there was no substitute for dedication and hard work. For the next two years, she struggled to walk without her leg brace for longer periods of time. In fact, by the time Wilma was 12, her leg was so strong that she was able to keep the brace off for good. Her doctors declared her fully recovered. Wilma now felt like her life was beginning all over again. She had grown to be a tall girl who could move at lightning speed. Instead of just watching basketball games, she began to play in them! She moved well on the court, and she became the star player of her high school basketball team, driving them to win game after game.
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