Environmental Monitoring Report October to December 2016

CAM: Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project Loan 2979-CAM

Prepared by Electricite du Cambodge, for the Asian Development Bank.

This Environmental Monitoring Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “Terms of Use” section of this website.

Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Expansion Sector Project, Package 1

KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA Nation Religion King

ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE

Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 1

ADB Loan N° 2979 CAM (SF)

UPDATED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING QUARTERLY REPORT No. 1 (From October to December 2016)

FEBRUARY 2017

Korea Electric Power Corporation in association with Cheang Engineering Consultants Co.,Ltd

Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Expansion Sector Project, Package 1

Contents

1. Introduction ...... 1 2. Environmental Monitoring Program ...... 2 2.1 Scope of works ...... 2 2.2 Methodology ...... 2 3. Results of Environmental Monitoring ...... 3 3.1 Field monitoring ...... 4 3.1.1 Subproject Location ...... 4 3.2 Project implementation progress up to December 2016 ...... 5 3.3 Summary of Inspection Activities ...... 9 3.4 Mitigation Compliance and Effectiveness ...... 11 3.5 Environmental Monitoring Result in the quarterly period ...... 12 A. Physical Resource ...... 12 a.1 Air pollution ...... 12 a.2 Noise disturbance and Vibration ...... 12 a.3 Surface and Ground Water quality ...... 13 a.4 Soil erosion ...... 13 B. Natural resource ...... 13 C. Waste management ...... 14 c.1 Solid waste ...... 14 c.2 Liquid waste ...... 14 D. Social Resource ...... 14 d.1 Cultural Heritage ...... 14 d.2 Traffic ...... 14 d.3 Safety ...... 15 4. Recommendations ...... 17 ANNEX 1: Environmental Monitoring Matrix ...... 18

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List of Table

Table 3.3.1: Summary of Monitoring Program ...... 11

Table 3.4.1: Mitigation compliance and effectiveness ...... 11

Table 4.1: Environmental Monitoring Matrix ...... 19

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List of Figure

Figure 3.1.1.1: Route Map with Work Progress in ...... 6

Figure 3.1.1.2: Route Map with Work Progress in Kampong Thom ...... 7

Figure 3.1.1.3: Route map in Siem Reap ...... 8

Figure 3.5 (a1): Activities of digging by hand for underground ...... 12

Figure 3.5 (a2): Materials Transportation and Pole installation works ...... 13

Figure 3.5 (c1): solid waste in the worksite ...... 14

Figure 3.5 (d2): Construction Cone used as Traffic Sign...... 15

Figure 3.5 (d3-1): Safety Tool for worker during working ...... 16

Figure 3.5 (d3-2): Improperly used Safety Tool ...... 16

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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

1. Introduction

The environmental monitoring report is intended to followup the contractor’s implementation on environmental mitigation measures in construction stage as stated in EMP and other environmental safeguards provisions in construction contract documents. The main contents are as follows:

1) Project implementation progress;

2) Performance of compliance with ADB’s guideline and applicable government laws, regulations and requirements;

3) Environmental mitigation measures implemented;

4) Key issues identified and recommended corrective actions.

This report presents the project environmental monitoring progress including mitigation measures, environmental monitoring result, implementation roles and responsibilities, reporting, and capacity building.

The loan Project, Package 1, Medium-Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, will finance the expansion the electricity sub-transmission infrastructure by constructing about 1,675 km of new three phase 22 kV overhead sub-transmission lines in province of Siem Reap Kampong Thom, and Kampong Cham. It also includes short lengths of 22 kV underground cables, installation of 22kV/0.4kV pole mounted distribution transformers, advanced electronic metering for all distribution transformers, auto reclosing circuit breakers and automatic voltage regulators to improve reliability and voltage performance. The following are the three subprojects under Package 1 of the project:

- Subproject 1: 184 cct-km in - Subproject 2: 625 circuit-kilometer (cct-km) in - Subproject 3: 866 cct-km in

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2. Environmental Monitoring Program

2.1 Scope of works

The construction, operation, and maintenance of MV sub-transmission lines along rural roads in Cambodia will have an insignificant impact on the local environment. Environmental mitigation measures normally associated with internationally recognized good engineering practice will be implemented to ensure that potential environmental impacts of the Project are avoided or minimized to acceptable levels. Mitigation measures are presented: The major tasks for the environmental monitoring in construction stage include:

• Field monitoring on contractor’s environmental mitigation measure performance to avoid and minimize negative social and environmental impacts;

• Potential environmental impacts that could occur during each Project stage;

• Guidance to Contractor’s personnel on environmental monitoring aspect, in the field practice;

• Recommend to contractor to implement all EMP recommendation and other environmental safeguards in construction contract documents;

2.2 Methodology

In the construction stage, site observations are conducted for monitoring the implementation of environmental mitigation measures. Site monitoring is carried out using environmental monitoring matrix and public perception interview (directly asking the questions to the project workers and people living nearby the project sites). This EMP Monitoring Report presents overall assessment of the Project’s compliance with the EMP and also provides conclusion and recommendations going forward..

Environmental monitoring consisted of routine systematic checking to verify whether appropriate mitigation measures have been implemented effectively during each

Monitoring Report #1 2 Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Expansion Sector Project, Package 1 stage of the Project. The Environmental Safeguard Specialists of Project Implementation Consultant (PIC), with support from EDC’s Social, Environment and Public Relations Office (SEPRO) monitors the implementation status of the EMP, including identifying any non-compliance, proposing actions and a timeline for rectifying deficiencies and following up on the status of previous corrective actions.

Throughout the construction period, the PIC Environmental Specialists in consultation with SEPRO have prepared quarterly environmental monitoring reports to check the performance of compliance with ADB’s guideline and applicable government laws and supervise implementation of environmental mitigation measures carried out by contractor and the reports are submitted to EDC and ADB, The reports includes a summary of the results of site inspections and provides recommendations on key issues or concerns that need to be resolved.

3. Results of Environmental Monitoring

The survey/investigations and assessment for environmental and social safeguard have been conducted and safeguard documents are prepared for the Package 1 project in the provinces of Kampong Cham, Kampong Thom and Siem Reap. . Contractor for Package 1 project submitted the Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) dated on 14th March 2016 and approved by EDC dated on 22nd April 2016.

The contractor has performed activities to minimize environmental issues according to the submitted CEMP and prepare monthly progressive report for submission to Consultant/EDC for reviewing and taken action to mitigate adverse environmental impact.

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3.1 Field monitoring

3.1.1 Subproject Location

3.1.1.1 Project in Kampong Cham province

The subproject is located in 3 districts in Kampong Cham, namely Chamkar Leu, Kampong Siem and . This subproject consists of overhead MV totaling 184 cct-km.

According to the price schedule in the contract document, the distance of each type of distribution line is below:

- Overhead distribution line: 217 km - Underground distribution line: 3 km

3.1.1.2 Project in Kampong Thom province

The subproject is located in 7 districts in Kampong Thom province, namely Baray, Kampong Svay, PrasatBalang, PrasatSambo, Santuk, Steung Saen and Stoung. This sub-project in this province consists of overhead MV totaling 625 (cct-km).

According to the price schedule in the contract document, the distance of each type of distribution line is below:

- Overhead distribution line: 736 km - Underground distribution line: 11km

3.1.1.3 In Siem Reap province

The subproject is located in 8 districts in Siem Reap province, namely Angkor Chum, Chikreng, Kralanh, Pouk, Prasat Bakong, Siem Reap, Sotr Nikum and Varin. The sub-project in this province consists of overhead MV totaling 625 (cct-km).

According to the price schedule in the contract document, the distance of each type of distribution line is below:

- Overhead distribution line: 933 km - Underground distribution line: 22 km

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3.2 Project implementation progress up to December 2016

Based on the construction schedule planned by the Contractor (KALPATARU), the whole construction will be completed by December 2018. However, based on field observation, the PIC found that the progress of Siem Reap province is well ahead ofthe planned schedule.

According to the Contractor monthly progress report N° 012 dated December 2016, the civil works progress of the 3 provinces is as follows:

SIEM REAP province

a) Concrete Pole installation - Concrete pole in the contract 13,648 - Concrete pole installed (progress of work) 7,819 (67%) b) Concrete Pole stringing - Distribution line in the contract (cct-km) 933 - Distribution line stringing cct-km (progress of work) 406 (43%) c) Underground cable installation - Cable in the contract (m) 22,000 - Cable installation (progress of work) 362 (2%) d) Transformer installation - Transformer in the contract 306 - Transformer installation (progress of work) 0 (0%)

KAMPONG THOM province a) Concrete Pole installation - Concrete pole in the contract 10,310 - Concrete pole installed (progress of work) 2,165 (21%) b) Concrete Pole stringing - Distribution line in the contract (cct-km) 736 - Distribution line stringing cct-km (progress of work) 19 (3%) c) Underground cable installation - Cable in the contract (m) 11,000 - Cable installation (progress of work) 0 (0%) d) Transformer installation - Transformer in the contract 257 - Transformer installation (progress of work) 0 (0%)

KAMPONG CHAM province a) Concrete Pole installation - Concrete pole in the contract 3,490 - Concrete pole installed (progress of work) 190 (5%) b) Concrete Pole stringing - Distribution line in the contract (cct-km) 217 - Distribution line stringing cct-km (progress of work) 9 (4%) c) Underground cable installation - Cable in the contract (m) 3,000 - Cable installation (m) (progress of work) 0 (0%) d) Transformer installation - Transformer in the contract 50 - Transformer installation (progress of work) 0 (0%)

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Figure 3.1.1.1: Route Map with Work Progress in Kampong Cham

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Figure 3.1.1.2: Route Map with Work Progress in Kampong Thom Monitoring Report #1 7 Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Expansion Sector Project, Package 1

Figure 3.1.1.3: Route map in Siem Reap

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3.3 Summary of Inspection Activities

The EDC-SEPRO/PIC personnel for environmental and technical supervision regularly visit the construction sites and monitor the safeguard compliance of the contractor. The monitoring activities were as followings:

• Assess their performance of environmental safeguards implementation on site; • Examine, request, and supervise the Contractor in its implementation of traffic management methods within the site and at the road crossings; • Instruct and supervise the Contractor to carry out the environmental and social management plans in accordance with the mitigation measures listed in the EMP; • Monitor and document dust and noise mitigation measures, solid waste management and site clean-up carried out by the Contractor.

The contractual agreement between EDC and the contractor indicates that the contractor shall undertake mitigation measures to avoid and minimize negative social and environmental impacts. The Environment Management Plan was therefore enclosed in the contractual agreement of civil works.

The Bidding Documents and the Contractual Agreement include provisions of safeguard requirements to ensure that EMP and the Environmental Protection Commitment (EPC) are being adhered to during the design and construction stage as following monitoring programs:

Table 3.3.1: Summary of Monitoring Program

Monitoring Frequency Environmental Monitoring Activities EDC-SEPRO, issues Location Contractor PIC Clearing of ROW and Monitor tree cutting Weekly Monthly vegetation transportation (Oct~Dec, 2016) routes Erosion and Pole foundation Inspection of excavation Weekly Monthly sedimentation area works, silt arising from (Oct~Dec, 2016) exposed soil surface, condition of erosion control measures Dust generation • Along access • Monitor and inspect Weekly Monthly

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road, dust condition around (Oct~Dec, 2016) • Surrounding construction area and residential transportation routes, areas • Consult with local • Construction people on dust site problem during construction.

Noise Surrounding • Monitor noise during Weekly Monthly residential areas materials delivery and (Oct~Dec, 2016) operation of construction equipment, • Consult with local people on noise caused by construction activities Waste Workers’ camp • Inspection of worker Weekly Monthly Management sites camp site condition, (Oct~Dec, 2016) • Check proper solid waste disposal Health and Safety Sub-transmission Review contractor’s Weekly Monthly line construction construction workers (Oct~Dec, 2016) health and safety plan and training activities on health and safety Damage/nuisance • ROW and • Monitor and inspect Weekly Monthly around the impact on (Oct~Dec, 2016) project area, community’s • Along the infrastructure, lake, roads river, irrigation and drainage facilities, • Monitor and inspect public road conditions

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3.4 Mitigation Compliance and Effectiveness

Mitigation compliance and effectiveness are described in qualitative terms and are evaluated based on a ranking system. Table 3.4.1 shows the effectiveness of the mitigation measures undertaken.

Table 3.4.1: Mitigation compliance and effectiveness

Mitigation Measures Compliance Effectiveness Environmental safeguards compliance at construction site

Permanent land acquisition 2 2

Temporary land acquisition 2 2 Biodiversity and natural resources 2 2 Air quality 3 3 Noise and Vibration 3 3 Waste management 2 3 Water quality 3 3 Erosion, sedimentation and flood 3 3 Community Health and Safety(CHS) Construction Health and Safety 3 3 Public Safety Risk Management 3 3 Note: 1. VeryGood 2. Good 3. Fair 4. Poor 5. VeryPoor

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3.5 Environmental Monitoring Result in the Reporting Period

A. Physical Resource

a.1 Air pollution

According to the field observation, there is no significant dust and smoke generation from construction activities that might affect local air quality.

Figure 3.5 (a1): Activities of manual excavation for underground cable (15 Dec, 2016 in Apsara Zone of Siem Reap province)

a.2 Noise disturbance and Vibration

. Noise from construction vehicles and installation works is limited to a particular time and space. PIC advised the contractor to minimize/avoid stationing equipment that generates noise near health center, school, pagoda and residential areas.

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Figure 3.5 (a2): Materials Transportation and Pole installation works (1 Dec, 2016 in Kampong Thom province)

a.3 Surface and Ground Water quality

During field observation, no significant water body was found along the ROW. No impact on surface and groundwater quality occurred as most earthworks were carried out during the dry season.

a.4 Soil erosion

No soil erosion due to planting of poles occurred during the monitoring period. On the other hand, the contractor properly reinstated the sites by backfilling and compacting the foundation of poles and underground cable trenches.

B. Natural resource

Installation of underground cable was carried out in accordance with requirements of APSARA authority to minimize impact on existing physical cultural resource in the Angkor Protected Landscape where trees are not allowed to be cut or trimmed and no machineries are to be used. Digging and lying of cables are done using manual labor. Some trees that are located in ROW in front of residential properties were trimmed and cut to obtain minimum safety clearance with consent from owners who signed voluntary contribution forms.

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C. Waste management

c1. Solid waste

Construction debris were found at some sites, however site cleanup was done soon after works completed.

Figure 3.5(c1): solid waste in the worksite (22 Nov 2016 in Siem Reap province)

c2. Liquid waste

No liquid wasted is generated from both underground and overhead construction activities.

D. Social Resource

d1. Cultural Heritage

Experienced site manager is staffed by Electricity of Siem Reap to supervise the construction of underground cable in Siem Reap. No chance find was encountered during the reporting period. Extra efforts have been made by EDC to avoid impact on physical cultural resources within Angkor Protected Landscape.

d2. Traffic

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During site visit, no traffic congestion and accidents were caused by construction activities. However, inadequate warning by placing traffic diversion signs were noted especially around crane truck during offloading concrete poles along the roads at some sites. On-coming traffic was affected and created risks of accidents.. Therefore, PIC recommended contractor to put appropriate warning signs such as construction

cones around work sites and warning light at dusk to prevent any accident.

Figure 3.5 (d2): Construction Cones used as Traffic Signs

d3. Safety

Adherence to Health and Safety was observed at most sites where workers were found properly wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as hard hats, reflective vests. However, this measure still needs to be enforced at some sites. PIC will continuously check the use of safety equipment and improve compliance to Health and Safety at all sites.

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Figure 3.5 (d3-1): Safety Tool for worker during working

Figure 3.1 (d3-2): Improperly used Safety Tool

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4. Recommendations

As the results of site inspection on environmental issues based on the Environmental Monitoring Matrix, the environmental safeguard specialist recommends in following points to the contractor to take action for the next month:

1. The contractor should practice a simple, common-sense traffic management plan. This should include: 1) placing traffic/warning signs i.e. “Construction in Progress” and creating temporary fences or enclosures by placing traffic cones, also called pylons around parked construction vehicles providing visibility to on- coming motorists; 2) employ traffic control persons to direct traffic during offloading of poles, especially in areas of Angkor Protected Landscape (APL)

2. all of the safety tools must immediately provide to all project workers/staffs in the working to ensure all the workers are properly use ( as safety hats, safety boots, gloves) during working time.

3. Contractor should adequately provide PPEs to workers; and enforce the H&S guidelines as specified in the EMP. Foreman/Site Manager to regularly give toolbox talk on H&S, site cleanup to workers before works begin.

4. Contractor should follow and regularly implement a simple Waste Management Plan. This should include: 1) site clean-up soon after works are finished; 2) regular toolbox talk which includes site cleanup and chance find procedure to be followed at underground cable sites in APL; 3) upon completion of construction works, ROWs should be restored to its original or better condition.

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ANNEX 1: Environmental Monitoring Matrix

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Project: Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project Package 1 (ADB Loan No. 2979 CAM(SF)) Monitor(s) Names: Chheang You Sour Contractor Name: KALPATARU Power Transmission Limited Monitoring Period: October ~ December 2016 Weather Conditions: dry and intermittent rainfall

Table 4.1: Environmental Monitoring Matrix

Environmental Specific Compliant Follow-Up Impact/issue Mitigation Measures Date Item Remarks Actions Yes No Contract/EMP Monitored Needed

√ •

• √

Oct ~ Dec √ • 2016

Oct ~ Dec Some rubber • trees in 2016 √ Kampong Cham

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Environmental Specific Compliant Follow-Up Impact/issue Mitigation Measures Date Item Remarks Actions Yes No Contract/EMP Monitored Needed

Oct ~ Dec • -prone areas 2016 √

Generation of wastes Oct ~ Dec Solid wastes need to 2016 √ highly consider.

Health and Safety Oct ~ Dec site hours √ 2016

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