ISSN 2621-5357 Surakarta Law and Society Journal E-ISSN 2621-5365

FORM AND COMPOSITION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT: MIXED REVIEW REGIONAL GOVERNMENT

Triwahyuningsih Ahmad Dahlan University Yogyakarta Email: [email protected]

Abstract This study aims to analyze and explain shape and composition of government Special Region of Yogyakarta that is privileged, reviews mixed government. This study is a normative legal research. The results of the study that Yogyakarta Special region has a shape and structure of government is unique in nature. DIY Local Government consists of Local Government and DPRD DIY DIY. DIY Local Government headed by the Governor who once was a king who reigns as the lane, who held the position for five (5) years and are not bound to the provisions of 2 (two) times periodization tenure as stipulated in the law on local government. DIY DPRD have the status, composition, duties and authority as provided for in the legislation Regional Government, as applicable also to Parliament in another province. However, in addition to duty and authority as specified Local Government Act, DIY Parliament is authorized to determine governor and vice governor and shaping legislation and Perdais with the Governor. The combination of the Governor of Yogyakarta as the king who reigns in the Sultanate along with a DIY parliament democratically elected government raises mixture (mixed government) in the form of democratic monarchy.

Keywords: Local Government; Mixed Government; Yogyakarta Special Region.

INTRODUCTION existence of the Unitary Republic of The only area that since the , but also symbolic and actual filling beginning of independence has been granted Indonesiaan vision more concrete. Reviewing the status of "Special Region" as mandated the history of the Sultan of Yogyakarta and by Article 18 UUD 1945 (before and after the Indonesia indicate the status of the privilege amendment) is just Yogyakarta. As for Aceh of Yogyakarta is a conscious political choice Special Region, granting the status of taken by the ruler of Yogyakarta, the lane IX "Special region" not in relation to Article 18 and Paku Alam VIII, and not the UUD 1945, but their special needs for the administration of the national political entities.2 region to be given the privilege in the DIY privilege granting status as administration of local governance.1 recognition of the role lane IX heavily in favor Sultanate of Yogyakarta is part of the of the Republic of Indonesia on hard times in history survivalitas Indonesia as a nation. The the early independence. For the people of specificity was concerned not only contribute Yogyakarta granting privilege status is not DIY in establishing and maintaining the only a recognition of the role of individuals

2Cornelis Lay, et.al., "Privileges Yogyakarta, 1Ni'matul Huda, Special Region of Yogyakarta in the Academic Paper and Draft Law on Privileges debate over the Constitution and Legislation in Yogyakarta", Monographs on Politics & Government Indonesia, Bandung: Nusa Media, 2013, p. 52 Journal UGM Department of Government Science and S2 Program of local politics and local autonomy, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2008, page 12

105 Vol. 1 No. 2, February 2019 lane IX, but it is an agreement "-kabul sections (executive-legislative, judicial), but consent" between the Government of the not separated. It thus brings the consequence Republic of Indonesia and the Sultan that between the parts it is possible there is Palacefor providing privileges for DIY to no coordination or cooperation.4 implement a system of monarchical rule in the Horizontal division of state power by Homeland neighborhood.3 1945 is done at the level of central Therefore, the Yogyakarta Special government or local governments. The Region has a shape and structure of division of power at the level of central government is unique in nature, is different government institutions lembaganegara place from other areas who do not have the features between equals. Horizontal division of power or specificity as stipulated in Article 18 B of at the level of local government took place paragraph (1) and (2) of the 1945 Constitution between the institutions of equal area, which that "The state recognizes and respects the is between the Local Government (Regional local government units are special or that are Head / Deputy Head) and the Regional regulated by law". The exit of the Act No. 13 Representatives Council (DPRD). At the Year 2012 on the specialty of Yogyakarta provincial level, the division of power takes Province is the form of state recognition of the place between the provincial government existence of the Ngayogyakarta Sultanate. (governor / deputy governor) and the Article 8 of Law No. 13 In 2012, that (1) provincial assembly. While at the district / city, DIY has a shape and structure of government power sharing took place between the district is unique in nature. (2) consists of a DIY Local / city (regent / vice regent or mayor / deputy Government Local Government and DPRD mayor) and regency / city. DIY DIY. Article 9 (1) DIY Local Government PROBLEM FORMULATION headed by the Governor. (2) In carrying out its How the shape and composition of duties and authorities, the Governor assisted government Special Region of Yogyakarta by the Deputy Governor. that is privileged, reviews mixed government? In practice common constitutional concentration of power in one hand, resulting RESEARCH METHODOLOGY in a management system of government that This study is a normative legal made an absolute and authoritarian, to avoid research, the use of primary legal materials in this, it is necessary to division / separation of the form of legislation and secondary legal powers, resulting in the control and balance materials in the form of literature that is between the institutions of power. It can be relevant to the object under study. This study interpreted that power is divided into several

4Moh. Kusnadi and Harmaily Ibrahim, Introduction to the Law of State governance, Jakarta: Indonesia 3Aidul Fitriciada Azhari, Reconstruction of Stateless Legal procedures State University, 1988, p. 140, Rika Tradition in 1945, Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing, 2014. Marlina, the Rule of Law Journal Volume 1 No. March Pg. 2 1st, 2018: 171-178, pp 176

106 ISSN 465-009 Surakarta Law And Society Journal E-ISSN 456-890 takes a historical approach (historical Legal regulation goes on to explain approach) and law (statute approach) and that Edict No. 14 dated April 11, 1946 and analyzed descriptively qualitative. Edict No. 15 April 1, 1946 with the status of The Special Region which includes the DISCUSSION and Pakualaman with Shape and Structure Mixed government Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX and Sri Paku Yogyakarta. Alam VIII as Regional Head, and is called the In the course of constitutional privilege Republic of Indonesia Yogyakarta Special status of Yogyakarta Indonesia has region (Sultanate and Pakualaman). The next experienced a polemic since the development is Article 122 of Law No. 22 of independence of Indonesia. In the early days 1999 on Regional Autonomy in his of independence through the Sultan and explanation stated that the status of Amanat Amanat Sri Paku Alam September 5 Yogyakarta as a special region which covers 1945, Yogyakarta confirmed as the two an area of Yogyakarta Sultanate and special regions in the country of Indonesia Pakualaman, and with with the title of Yogyakarta Sultanate and as governor and Paku Alam IX as deputy Pakualaman State. Furthermore, under the governor, as well as the so-called Yogyakarta Commission of Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono Special region.6 IX and Sri Paku Alam VIII dated October 30, Based on Law No. 22, 1999 1945 changed the status of being one special demanding the privilege of Yogyakarta was area with two heads Special Region (Sri confirmed by positive law the withdrawal of Sultan and Sri Paku Alam) as the Special Aceh and West Papua.7Furthermore, the legal Region of the Republic of Indonesia. Then aspect is reinforced by Act No. 32 of 2004 on Explanation of Law 1 Year 1945 declared Regional Government.8In the matter of status as one of Yogyakarta Special Region tradition, the real privilege of Yogyakarta which includes the Sultanate of Yogyakarta, longstanding and growing since then. Status Surakarta Sultanate, Duchy Pakualaman and privilege it also is in conformity with Article 18 Mangkunegaran as Yogyakarta and of the 1945 Constitution.9The reason is Surakarta. So that de facto, Yogyakarta normative, the power status of the privilege of actually been born since the arena of the Yogyakarta is based on the legal status or the revolution through the process between Act Privileges Yogyakarta. The realm of law September 5, 1945 to May 18, 1946. But de can not be denied with a strong tradition for jure, Yogyakarta newly set March 3, 1950 the legal issues to be resolved with the law through Law No. 3 Year 1950.5 anyway. Tradition may affect the legal

6Article 122 of Law No. 22, 1999 5 Ni "matul Huda, Autonomy: Philosophy, History 7ibid and Development of Problemantika, Yogyakarta: 8UU no. 32 of 2004 Student Library, 2009, p 23 9ibid

107 Vol. 1 No. 2, February 2019 justification as material considerations the mechanisms DIY. When the end of the term of force of law.10 Finally out of Law No. 13 Year office of Governor of Yogyakarta in 1998, at 2012 on the specialty of Yogyakarta.11 which time the Central Government (cq Based on Article 18 B of paragraph (1) Ministry of Internal Affairs) requires the of the Constitution of the Republic of determination of the governor is done by vote Indonesia Year 1945, the State recognizes by Parliament as stated in Law No. 5 of 1974, and respects the local government units are but on the other side of Yogyakarta people special or that are regulated by law. One of want direct determination lane X as Governor the laws that govern the regional of Yogyakarta.13 administration unit special is the Act No. 13 Although ultimately Yogyakarta Year 2012 on the specialty of Yogyakarta. Governor not through elections, but through According to Jimly Asshidiqqie12, determination by the DPRD DIY14 but in Article 18 B above, there are five basic things, several groups, the Government of the namely that (1) the state recognizes; (2) the Republic of Indonesia through the Ministry of state respects; (3) that is recognized and Justice and Human Rights, Patrialis Akbar respected it is local government units; (4) DIY submit the draft bill at the State local government units referred to specific or Secretariat agreed:15 special; and that (5) local government units "Lane and nail nature reigns, although not that are special and privileged to be regulated become governors, they will still be the by law. What the meaning "states recognize"? number one, both in Yogyakarta; Elected Whether such recognition should be Local Government should seek approval to retrospective, ie objects that are recognized to Sultan anything related to government. Even be the first existing on the statement of the Parliament in the budget menyususn also recognition, or can also be proactive and require approval from the Sultan; If the Sultan "forward-loking" in which the object is recognized only emerged after the disclosure 13Status as a special area of impact on the statement needs further study. provision of a number of "confessions" which is the position of Sultan khusus.Salah. In Yogyakarta, many Although the Constitution of 1945 who interpret the privilege of DIY with a variety of things, but most at issue is the position of the Sultan as King as recognizes the local government units well as the Governor of Yogyakarta. There is a pro- election faction and pro-determination and ultimately privileged as contained in Article 18 B of approved by Parliament through the establishment of DIY. The pro determination al. DIY Feature represented paragraph (1) above, however, as it turns out by the Joint Secretariat as one of the elements of civil society. Read Aprilia Maya, Masyaratak Civil and they arise various problems. For example Determination lane X as Regional Head of Yogyakarta relating to leadership and governance Special Region (Study Role Privileges SEKBER DIY), Journal of Politics and Government Studies, Volume 2, No. 1, Year 2013 14Article 17 paragraph (2) of Law No. 13 In 2012 10Arief Aulia Rahman, Dynamics ... Op. Cit 15 Fill in the draft bill Privileges Yogyakarta " 11UU no. 13 In 2012 www.tempointeraktif.com, See also Aulia Rachman 12Asshiddiqie, '' Principles of Constitutional Law at Arief, the dynamics of religious harmony in Yogyakarta the Indonesia Post-Reformation ", Jakarta: Bhuana Sultanate Kepemimpinanh, academic, vol.19, No.01, Popular Science, 2006, pp. 484, January-June 2014, p. 90-114

108 ISSN 465-009 Surakarta Law And Society Journal E-ISSN 456-890 and Paku Alam run for governor and vice Yogyakarta. The attitude of the government governor, then the nomination is individual, which wanted the Governor of Yogyakarta is without going through a political party; If the not occupied by the Sultan of Yogyakarta as a Sultan and Paku Alam run, then other manifestation of the monarchy which was relatives palace should not stand; If only one considered incompatible with democracy. In candidate, then Parliament will no longer carry the understanding of government, democracy out the election of the Sultan and Paku Alam. must be reflected in filling the post of They immediately confirmed as governor and Governor is done by election and not by way deputy governor; If not elected Governor and of determination of the Sultan of Yogyakarta Vice Governor, position of the Sultan and who gained office by descent. The SBY Paku Alam is the Governor and Deputy statement caused a strong reaction in the Governor of the Main. This position is located community of Yogyakarta.18 at the top of the Governor / Head of the In principle, the people of Yogyakarta Region. Whatever policies require approval need that filling the post of Governor to do from the Head of the Main Governor (Sultan) with the determination of the Sultan of and Deputy Governor of the Main (Paku Yogyakarta as done so far. This is due to the Alam). "16 historical aspect of Yogyakarta privilege When viewed from the substance of granted by the government as a tribute to the the draft above actually reinforces the position role lane IX heavily in favor of the Republic of of the lane and Sri Paduka Paku Alam both as Indonesia on hard times in the early Governor and Deputy Governor of Yogyakarta independence. Privileging Yogyakarta is an Special Province as well as the King of agreement or a 'consent-granted' between the Yogyakarta, but still embrace opportunities for government of the Republic of Indonesia to election of Governor and Vice Governor as the palace of Yogyakarta to provide privileges the election of Regional Head in other for DIY implement a system of monarchical provinces in Indonesia. rule in the Homeland neighborhood. There can be no monarchy colliding, While the government, through the bill both with the constitution and democratic Privileges Yogyakarta designing the office of values, according to the statement by Governor Primary19chaired by the Sultan of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Yogyakarta and the Governor as Head of (SBY)17addressing the bill on the Privileges Local Government elected through electoral mechanism Regional Head as is done in other areas. Government's position is based Article 16 ibid 17Aidul Fitriciada Azhari. Traditional reconstruction of the 1945 Constitution of Stateless In Yogyakarta: 1945, Journal of Dynamics Law Vol 11 No. May 2, 2011, Genta Publishing. 2014, p. 1-2, read Emillius Yacob, p. 316-334; from autocracy to democracy ... Op Cit, Ismu Gunadi 18Aidul Fitriciada Azhari. Traditional reconstruction Widodo, Determination System Governor of the of the 1945 Constitution of Stateless In Yogyakarta: Yogyakarta Special Region in the Regional Head Genta Publishing. 2014, p. 1-2. Election Systems based on Article 18 paragraph (4) 19 Ibid, pp 2

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18 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution mempertahannkan territory of traditional, as it which requires the Governor as Head of is said Monfries:21 Region elected democratically. The question "Hamengkubuwono was a politically arises whether the determination of the Sultan astute, non-ideological pragmatist who of Yogyakarta as the Governor in accordance cleverly used his status as Sultan ascribed not with the principle of popular sovereignty as only to support the Republican cause during contained in Article 1 (2) of the Act of 1945? the revolution, but Also to Ensure his own The description of the Sultanate political survival and, Ultimately, to preserve Ngayogyakarta in the Republic of Indonesia his principalities" will not be separated from the historical In rhythm with the observation of aspect of the merger of the Sultanate Voltaire, and in accordance with the 1945 Ngayogyakarta in the Republic of Indonesia. Constitution, which puts the law above man, Lane IX and Paku nature VIII assert itself as a even above the law-makers themselves, then part of the Republic of Indonesia was the law should underlie the entire livelihood of proclaimed to keep control and lead their the Indonesian people, such as social traditional territory as a special part of the livelihood, politics, religion and culture.22 Republic of Indonesia through edict dated Due to his busy extraordinary, the September 5 1945.20 Government of the Republic of Indonesia has The edict is able to establish the not had time to adjust the position of the existence of the Sultanate and Pakualaman in Yogyakarta Sultanate and Pakualaman as a the Republic of Indonesia. Two kingdoms special area set forth in the 1945 Constitution merged to become a privileged area. Instead, Things that should be regulated by the Center the two fractions Mataram Solo can not even then be regulated solely by the lane IX anticipate political changes, thus losing a and Sri Paku Alam VIII. 5 September 1945 the privileged area and the soil, and is not ruling mandate of both the authorities and the Duchy that counts and increasingly losing influence. palace in Yogyakarta is, first, that the State While the lane IX is a figure that is intelligent, Ngajogjakarta nature Hadiningrat The not someone who is pragmatic use status is Kingdom is a special area of the Republic of not only to support the Republic of Indonesia Indonesia; second, that we as Regional Head during the revolution, but also to maintain the 21John Monfries, A Prince in a Republic: The Life of political status and primarily for defending the the lane IX of Yogyakarta, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2015, p. 117 rule of prinspnya that ultimately 22Khudzaifah Dimyati, Kelik Wardiono, Dynamics Legal Thought: Thought Orientation and Characteristics 20Bayu Dardias, Sultan Preparing Women: Regime of the Indonesian Legal Expertise, Series Summary Legitimacy and Effectiveness sky Sultan Competitive Research Grant Year I No. Contract: 154 / Hamengkubuwono X, Indonesian Society Journal, Vol SPPP / SP / DP3M / IV / 2005, Surakarta 42 (1), June 2016, p. 33 Muhammadiyah University Faculty of Law Master of Law http://bayudardias.staff.ugm.ac.id/wpcontent/uploads / Universitas Muhammadiyah 2017/02 / Bayu-Dardias-2016-Setting-Sultan-Women- Surakarta,https://publikasiilmiah.ums.ac.id/xmlui/bitstrea legitimacy-Sky-DanKekuatan-regime-Sultan- m/handle/11617/718/1.%20DIMYATI.pdf?sequence=1, Hemengkubuwono-X.Pdf Downloaded July 18, 2018

110 ISSN 465-009 Surakarta Law And Society Journal E-ISSN 456-890 of State holds all power in Ngajogjakarta Reigns as the lane means King of the Sultanate, and therefore in connection with Sultanate Ngayogyakarta, hereinafter called today's state of affairs in the government of the Sultanate, is a cultural heritage that lasted the State Ngajogjakarta Sultanate began for generations and led by ngarsa Dalem today in our hands and our other powers hold Sampeyan Dalem ingkang Sinuwun Kanjeng its entirety; third, that the nexus between the lane Senopati Ing Ngalaga Ngabdurrahman State Ngajogjakarta Sultanate and the Central Sayidin Panatagama Kalifatullah, herein after Government of the Republic of Indonesia, is the lane.26 straightforward and we are responsible for Pursuant to Article 7 (2) of Law No. 13 Overseas We directly to the President of the of 2012 mentioned that some authority in Republic of Indonesia.23 matters of Yogyakarta Special Region Concerning the position of the Features include: procedures for filling governor mentioned in Article 12 of Law No. positions, position, duties, and authority of the 13 In 2012, as follows: (1) the Governor for Governor and the Deputy Governor; DIY his domicile as well as representatives of the Local Government institutions; culture; land; Government; (2) In the position as a and layout.27 Government representative, the governor is Since the presence of the legislature responsible to the President; (3) The are elected democratically, Yogyakarta provisions regarding position, duties and categorized as a province that adopts authority of the governor as a representative electoral autocracy. Electoral autocracy is of the Government applies the provisions defined as a government headed by an stipulated in the law on local government.24 executive set, but lead executives together Based on Law No. 13 Year 2012 on legislative leaders elected democratically by the privileges DIY Article 18 paragraph (1) the people.28 electoral autocracy does not letter © that the governor of Yogyakarta conflict with Western democratic values Special Region one of the conditions was because the legislature can control the enthroned as the lane is equipped with a executive leader. As a province that applying confirmation letter stating evidence lane electoral autocracy Governor and Deputy reigns in the Sultanate. DIY privilege is the Governor of Yogyakarta lead together with the privilege of the legal position held by DIY is legislature election results. Therefore, based on the history and origins of rights arbitrary leadership can be prevented according to the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia to set up and administer a special authority.25 26Article 1 Paragraph (4) of Law No. 13 In 2012 27Article 7 (2) of Law No. 13 in 2012 on the specialty of Yogyakarta special region. 28Emilianus Yakop Sese Tolo, from autocracy to 23 Nikmatul Huda, Yogyakarta ... Ibid democracy: History Unfold and Survivalitas "Democracy 24Article 12 of Law No. 13 In 2012 ala Yogyakarta Special Region", Journal of Humanities, 25Article 1 (2) of Law No. 13 In 2012 Volume 25, No. October 3rd, 2013, p. 270-280

111 Vol. 1 No. 2, February 2019 because the legislature can use its role to authorized to determine DIY Governor and control the running of the government. Deputy Governor and shaping legislation and Based on the search history, HB IX Perdais with the Governor.31 aware of the role of the legislature to the Terms of governor and deputy democratization process and appreciate it, as governor of DIY in addition to that required evidenced in parliament dated February 20, under the Local Government Act was 1952, HB IX rejected the decision to place a enthroned as the lane for candidates for higher position than the legislature for the Governor and enthroned as Duke Paku area. According to HB IX, the executive and Alam's deputy governor.32 DIY submitted to legislative institutions must be balanced and Parliament by submitting a nomination letter equal so that the legislature can perform the to the governor signed by Penghageng function kontolnya to the executive branch. Kawedanan Hageng Panitrapura Only in this way, the process of Ngayogyakarta Sultanate and the nomination democratization can run well and bring for vice governor signed by Penghageng benefits to the people of Yogyakarta Special Kawedanan Hageng Kasentanan Region.29 Pakualaman.33 Ngayogyakarta Sultanate as a According to Article 24 of Law No. 13 In traditional institution coupled with modern 2013, paragraph (2) DPRD DIY sets the lane institutions (read state), gave rise to the order that reigned as governor and Duke Paku Alam in the province, namely dualism between who reigns as the Deputy Governor, the next traditional institutions / local-based hierarchy parliament DIY propose to the President with modern institution that carries an through the Minister for approval by the egalitarian democracy.30It thus appears in the determination of the lane that reigned as selection process based determination of governor and Duke Paku Alam reigns as Governors, where the sultan that reigns will Deputy Governor. The President endorsed the be automatically set as the Governor of establishment of the governor and deputy Yogyakarta. DIY DPRD have the status, governor based on the proposal of the composition, duties and authority as provided Minister. Ministers give notice of ratification for in the legislation Regional Government, determination governor and deputy governor applies also to Parliament in another province. of the DPRD DIY. However, in addition to duty and authority as Tenure of the lane that reigned as specified Local Government Act, the council is governor and Duke Paku Alam who reigns as

Vice Governor for five (5) years from the 29 ibid 30Nur Azizah at. Al, Democracy Syncretic: Dialectics 31Article 17, paragraph 91), and (2) of Law No. 13 of Modern Democracy by the Institution of Traditional in Year 2012 on the specialty of Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta, in the book: Regime Local in Indonesia, 32Article 18 of Law No. 13 Year 2012 on the Purwo Santoso at. Al (ed), Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka specialty of Yogyakarta. Obor Indonesia, PolGov UGM and University of Oslo, 33Article 19 paragraph (3), a, b. Law No. 13 Year 2018, p. 341 2012 on the specialty of Yogyakarta.

112 ISSN 465-009 Surakarta Law And Society Journal E-ISSN 456-890 inauguration and not tied to the provisions of 2 Governor. The combination of the Governor of (two) times periodization tenure as stipulated Yogyakarta as the king who reigns in the in the law on local government.34 DIY Sultanate along with a DIY parliament Regional governance model that the governor democratically elected government raises is the King who reigns as the lane along with mixture (mixed government) in the form of a DIY parliament directly elected by the democratic monarchy. people democratically raises mixed BIBLIOGRAPHY government (mixed government) is the Book division of powers between the throne and the Abdul Hamid. 2016. Theory of the State of Law Modern Prints All 1. Bandung: kingdom of Parliament. This government is a Pustaka Setia. mixture of monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy also called electoral autocracy is a Absori. 2013. Towards Progressive Law Legal government headed by an executive set, but Politics. Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press. lead executives together legislative leaders Aidul Fitriciada Azhari. 2014. Reconstruction democratically elected by the people (Yakop of Tradition Bernegaradalam Sese Tolo, 2013: 270-280) Constitution 1945.Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing. CONCLUSIONS ______. 2017, the Constitutional Interpretation: Realizing Yogyakarta Special region has a shape Struggle of Democracy in Indonesia, and structure of government is unique in Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing. nature. DIY Local Government consists of Anthon F. Susanto, 2010. Non-Systemic Legal Studies Legal Studies Local Government and DPRD DIY DIY. DIY Development Foundation of Philosophy Local Government headed by the Governor of Indonesia, Yogyakarta: GENTA Publishing. who once was a king who reigns as the lane, Bagir Manaan, 1996. (ed), The People's who held the position for five (5) years and Sovereignty Brought By Election, Style are not bound to the provisions of 2 (two) Media Pratama, Jakarta. times periodization tenure as stipulated in the Carlton Clymer Rodee at. Al. 1988, Introduction to Political Science, law on local government. DIY DPRD have the Jakarta: Rajawali Pers. status, composition, duties and authority as Dicey, AV, 2014. Introduction to the Study of provided for in the legislation Regional the Law of the Constitution (Mc Millan and CO., Limited St. Martin's Street, Government, as applicable also to Parliament London, 1952, Translator Nurhadi, in another province. However, in addition to Bandung: Nusamedia. duty and authority as specified Local Jimly Asshiddiqie. 2011. Konstitusi and Constitutionalism Indonesia. Jakarta: Government Act, DIY Parliament is authorized Sinar Grafika. to determine governor and vice governor and ______, 2006. '' Principles of shaping legislation and Perdais with the Constitutional Law at the Indonesia Post-Reformation ", Jakarta: Bhuana Popular Science 2006 34Article 25 of Law No. 13 In 2012

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paragraph (4) 1945, Journal of Dynamics Law Vol 11 No. May 2, 2011, Rika Marlina, the Rule of Law Journal Volume 1 No. March 1st, 2018: 171-178.

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