Molecular Identification of Trichogramma Species Parasitizing Ostrinia Nubilalis in Corn and Pepper in South–East Border of Europe
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See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342246424 Molecular identification of Trichogramma species parasitizing Ostrinia nubilalis in corn and pepper in south–east border of Europe Article in International Journal of Pest Management · June 2020 DOI: 10.1080/09670874.2020.1779383 CITATION READS 1 103 5 authors, including: Aleksandar Ivezić Paul F Rugman-Jones Agricultural Extension Service, Kikinda, Serbia University of California, Riverside 8 PUBLICATIONS 5 CITATIONS 108 PUBLICATIONS 1,705 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Thibaut Malausa Nicolas Ris French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE) French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE) 130 PUBLICATIONS 3,756 CITATIONS 177 PUBLICATIONS 1,109 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Biological Control strategies against ACP in California View project Sextinction View project All content following this page was uploaded by Nicolas Ris on 28 December 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. International Journal of Pest Management ISSN: 0967-0874 (Print) 1366-5863 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ttpm20 Molecular identification of Trichogramma species parasitizing Ostrinia nubilalis in corn and pepper in south–east border of Europe Aleksandar Ivezić, Paul Rugman-Jones, Thibaut Malausa, Nicolas Ris & Aleksandra Ignjatović-Ćupina To cite this article: Aleksandar Ivezić, Paul Rugman-Jones, Thibaut Malausa, Nicolas Ris & Aleksandra Ignjatović-Ćupina (2020): Molecular identification of Trichogramma species parasitizing Ostrinianubilalis in corn and pepper in south–east border of Europe, International Journal of Pest Management, DOI: 10.1080/09670874.2020.1779383 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2020.1779383 Published online: 17 Jun 2020. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=ttpm20 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2020.1779383 Molecular identification of Trichogramma species parasitizing Ostrinia nubilalis in corn and pepper in south–east border of Europe Aleksandar Ivezica, Paul Rugman-Jonesb, Thibaut Malausac, Nicolas Risc and Aleksandra Ignjatovic-Cupina d aForecasting and Warning Service of Plant Protection in Serbia, Novi Sad, Serbia ; bDepartment of Entomology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; cINRAE, UniversiteCote^ d’Azur, CNRS, ISA, France; dDepartment of Phytomedicine and Environment Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY The current study extends the faunistic survey of Trichogramma species parasitizing ECB to Received 23 December 2019 all agricultural growing regions in Serbia. Specimens of Trichogramma were reared from par- Accepted 2 June 2020 asitized egg masses of ECB collected from field-grown corn and pepper crops. The number KEYWORDS of egg masses parasitized varied by location. Using sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome Biological control; COI; oxidase I (COI) gene, we examined intra and interspecific variation in Trichogramma parasitiz- PCR; Wolbachia ing the ECB egg masses. Seventy specimens were successfully sequenced of which, 65 were identified as T. brassicae. The remaining five were identified as T. evanescens, and this second species was only collected from pepper. 1. Introduction increasingly important. One such method is the augmentative release of commercially available spe- Corn (Zea mays L) is one of the most important cies of the genus Trichogramma Westwood, 1833 grain crops in the world. In Serbia, it is grown on (Hymentoptera: Trichogrammatidae). 1-1,2 million hectares. More than half of it (52%) is Several species of Trichogramma have been identi- on the territory of the province of Vojvodina and fied as promising biological control agents of ECB the rest is in the areas below the rivers Sava and (Beglyarov et al. 1977; Bigler 1986; van Schelt and Danube. Although, the production of corn is Ravensberg 1991;Hassan1993). Trichogramma are affected by several harmful insects, the most import- egg parasitoids that attack more than 200 lepidop- ant pest of corn in Serbia is the European corn teran host species, including the pest groups of borer (hereinafter: ECB) Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner€ borers, webworms, loopers, leafworms, fruitworms, 1796) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) (Camprag et al. cutworms, bollworms and armyworms (Knutson 1983). ECB is a highly polyphagous pest and can 1998). As a result, they have been widely used in reproduce on many host plants. However, its pre- inundative and inoculative biological control pro- ferred host is maize, and the large scale cultivation grams in more than 30 countries, in agricultural of maize has contributed to its rapid spread over large crops (e.g. corn, cotton, sugarcane, fruit trees, vegeta- areas. In addition to the damage it causes in maize, bles) and natural forests (Hase 1925;Sweetman1958; ECB has been gaining increasing importance as a pest Stinner 1977;Kingetal.1985;Li1994;Smith1996; of pepper fruits in Serbia (Sekulicetal.2005). van Lenteren 2000; van Lenteren et al. 2003). Indeed, Various control methods of ECB have been pro- Trichogramma have been successfully used for inun- moted worldwide, with the application of chemical dative biological control of lepidopteran pests for insecticides being the most commonly employed more than 120 years (Smith 1994; van Lenteren tactic. However, because ECB larvae spend most of 2000). Furthermore, it has been estimated that over their life inside the plant, chemical control is not 16 million ha globally receive parasitoid inundative easy, and there has always been interest in alterna- releases (Hassan 1997; van Lenteren et al. 2003). This tive control methods (Suverkropp et al. 2001). Due history includes releasing Trichogramma wasps to to the growing awareness of the impact of various control ECB populations. In Europe, Trichogramma chemical pesticides on the environment, biological spp. are released against ECB in French (Meissle control methods are becoming more favored and et al. 2010) and German (Hassan 1981) cornfields CONTACT Aleksandar Ivezic [email protected] Forecasting and Warning Service of Plant Protection in Serbia, Novi Sad, Serbia. Aleksandar Ivezic and Paul Rugman-Jones contributed equally to this work. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2020.1779383. ß 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group 2 A. IVEZIĆ ET AL. Hassan (1997) and van Lenteren et al. (2003) studies to identify biological material to the species reported that over 16 million ha receive parasitoid level (Hebert et al. 2003). Barcoding has been shown inundative releases. to be particularly useful for insects (Zaldıvar-Riveron Trichogramma are common natural enemies in et al. 2010; Malausa et al. 2011), including trichog- agricultural areas of the Mediterranean (Pintureau rammatids (Thiruvengadam et al. 2016). Currently, 1987;Silvaetal.1999;Oztemiz2007)andseveralspe- around 210 species of Trichogramma are formally cies have previously been identified as promising bio- recognized worldwide (Pinto 2006), but this figure logical control agents of ECB, including T. maidis may change considerably with increasing use of (Bigler 1986; van Schelt and Ravensberg 1991), T. molecular methods as tools for identification (Del evanescens (Hassan 1993)andT. brassicae,(Burgio Pino et al. 2013). Sequences of the COI gene also and Maini 1995). Seven species of Trichogramma were provide a very powerful tool with which to character- previously recorded from the former Yugoslavia, T. ize within-species molecular diversity (Mardulyn and evanescens (Boucek 1977; Injac and Krnjajic 1990), T. Whitfield 1999;Correaetal.2016). minutum (Boucek 1977), T. embryophagum (Voegele A further factor that may influence the success of et al. 1978), T. pretiosum (Danon 1989), T. brassicae, Trichogramma wasps in release programs is their mode T. cacoeciae and T. oleae (Pintureau 1987, 2008), but of reproduction (Stouthamer et al. 1999). The most little is known about their distribution in current day common mode of reproduction in Trichogramma is Serbia. Resident populations have been recorded in arrhenotoky, in which females develop from fertilized Serbia (Krnjajic 2002;Tancik2017;Ivezicetal.2018) eggs and males from unfertilized eggs (Nazeri et al. but, identification to species level has only been done 2015). However, thelytokous reproduction also occurs in isolated areas (Krnjajic 2002;Tancik2017;Ivezic in some populations/species, in which unfertilized eggs et al. 2018). Furthermore, little is known about intra- also develop as females. In Trichogramma,thelytokyis specific variation in these species (Ivezicetal.2018). typically induced by the endosymbiotic bacterium In Trichogramma,traitssuchasfecundity,eggmatur- Wolbachia (Louis et al. 1993;Stouthameretal.1993). ation rate and offspring sex-ratio, have been shown to All-female populations may be advantageous in the field be influenced by intraspecific genetic variation of biological control since only females parasitize eggs, (Wajnberg 2010; Wajnberg et al. 2012; Coelho et al. and, assuming similar levels of fecundity,