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Poboljšanje Primarne Selekcije Otpada U Ruralnim Delovima Opštine Kikinda

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Poboljšanje Primarne Selekcije Otpada U Ruralnim Delovima Opštine Kikinda UNIVERZITET SINGIDUNUM ŽIVOTNA SREDINA I ODRŽIVI RAZVOJ Predmet: Upravljanje ekoprojektima Predlog projekta: Poboljšanje primarne selekcije otpada u ruralnim delovima opštine Kikinda Mentor: Studenti: prof. dr Jelena Milovanović Ime i prezime Broj indeksa Ime i prezime Broj indeksa Beograd, decembar 2019. Sadržaj I Sažetak .................................................................................................................................................... 2 1. Naziv projekta ................................................................................................................................. 2 2. Sažetak (rezime) projekta .............................................................................................................. 2 3. Partneri ............................................................................................................................................ 2 II Pozadina projekta .................................................................................................................................. 3 1. Pozadina/Analiza sadašnje situacije .............................................................................................. 3 2. Opravdanost i logika projekta ....................................................................................................... 4 3. Zainteresovane strane i korisnici (tabela + Venn Diagram) ....................................................... 6 III Ciljevi projekta i ocenjivanje .............................................................................................................. 8 1. Ciljevi projekta ................................................................................................................................ 8 1.1. Opšti cilj projekta (indikatori, verifikatori, pretpostavke) ...................................................... 8 1.2. Svrha projekta (indikatori, verifikatori, pretpostavke) ........................................................... 8 1.3. Rezultati (indikatori, verifikatori, pretpostavke) ........................................................................ 9 2. Praćenje i ocenjivanje ..................................................................................................................... 9 IV Opis projekta ...................................................................................................................................... 10 1. Projektni tim .................................................................................................................................. 10 2. Plan aktivnosti – Gantogram ....................................................................................................... 10 V Budžet ................................................................................................................................................. 13 Prilog 1: Matrica ..................................................................................................................................... 14 Prilog 2: Projektni zadaci ........................................................................................................................ 15 Prilog 3: Planiranje resursa ..................................................................................................................... 20 1 I Sažetak 1. Naziv projekta Poboljšanje primarne selekcije otpada u ruralnim delovima opštine Kikinda 2. Sažetak (rezime) projekta Projekat “Poboljšanje primarne selekcije otpada u ruralnim delovima opštine Kikinda” je osmišljen od strane tima ljudi koji za cilj imaju plansko i uređeno upravljanje otpadom na teritoriji opštine Kikinda. Aktivnosti koje bi se preduzele u okviru projekta doprinele bi poboljšanju upravljanja otpadom u devet sela koja pripadaju opštini kao i osnovnom cilju Lokalnog plana upravljanja otpadom 2010.-2020. godine a to je reciklaža i iskorišćenje otpada odnosno očuvanje ekološkog kapaciteta lokalne sredine. Osnovna svrha našeg projekta je uključivanje ruralne sredine u savremene tokove otpada, obzirom da je skoro u celosti isključena iz ove infrastrukturne mogućnosti. Postavljanjem mobilnih ekoloških dvorišta pomoći ćemo da stanovništvo shvati da izdvajanjem sekundarnih sirovina vrši dobru ekološku stvar, smanjuje zapunjavanje odlagališta (smetlišta i deponija), pomaže reciklaži ali da može i da zaradi određena finansijska sredstva kroz umanjenje računa za odnošenje otpada. Našim projektom je predviđeno uvođenje „Reciklažnog bonusa“ koji će kod stanovništva stvoriti uslovni refleks da razmišlja o mogućnosti prodaje otpada koji prethodno separira i na taj način će se stvoriti navika da je moguće primarnom separacijom pored dobre ekološke prakse, ostvariti i zaradu. Nakon edukacije, stanovništvo će naučiti da sagleda mogućnost iskorišćenja otpada a samim tim će smanjiti bacanje otpada na divlje deponije. 3. Partneri Opština Kikinda FCC Kikinda d.o.o. Udruženje ekologa Kikinda „Green place“ 2 II Pozadina projekta 1. Pozadina/Analiza sadašnje situacije Opština Kikinda se nalazi u severnom delu Banata na ukupnoj površini od 782 km2 u kojoj živi 67002 stanovnika. Obuhvata grad Kikindu i 9 naseljenih mesta: Banatsku Topolu, Banatsko Veliko Selo, Bašaid, Iđoš, Mokrin,Nakovo, Novi Kozarci, Rusko Selo i Sajan. Opština Kikinda je sedište Severnobanatskog okruga. Slika br: 1 Opština Kikinda sa naseljenim mestima Po modelu javno-privatnog partnerstva opština Kikinda i kompanija A.S.A. (danas FCC), izgradile su 2007. godine Regionalnu deponiju za odlaganje čvrstog komunalnog otpada koja zadovoljava sve evropske standarde. Izgrađena deponija ima kapacitet za pokrivanje teritorije sa oko 250 hiljada stanovnika. Da bi rad regionalne deponije bio isplativ, planirano je da se pored opštine Kikinda uključe i druge okolne opštine (Ada, Bečej, Novi Bečej, Novi Kneževac, Nova Crnja, Čoka). Regionalno upravljanje otpadom regulisano je: Zakonom o upravljanju otpadom („Sl.gl.RS“, br.36/09) članom 12. „Dve ili više jedinica lokalne samouprave donose regionalni plan upravljanja otpadom kojim se definišu zajednicki ciljevi u upravljanju otpadom. Izrada i donošenje regionalnog plana upravljanja otpadom uređuje se sporazumom skupština jedinica lokalne samouprave. Na regionalni plan upravljanja otpadom saglasnost daje ministarstvo, odnosno nadležni organ autonomne pokrajine na svojoj teritoriji“. Na žalost, ni posle deset godina od izgradnje deponije to se nije ostvarilo. Danas, kompanija FCC odlaže otpad samo iz opštine Kikinda koja broji svega 60 hiljada stanovnika. Zbog takvih okolnosti, na gubitku su i lokalna samouprava i kompanija FCC. U opštini Kikinda usluge organizovanog iznošenje komunalnog otpada vrši Kompanija FCC doo Kikinda. Odlaganje komunalnog otpada sa područja cele opštine bez tretmana (osim medicinskog otpada) vrši se na Regionalnoj sanitarnoj deponiji komunalnog čvrstog otpada. Program se realizuje kroz nedeljni raspored iznošenja smeća po danima i ulicama. U zonama kolektivnog stanovanja otpad se sakuplja u kontejnerima a u zonama individualnog stanovanja svako domaćinstvo ima svoju 3 posudu. Posude za sakupljanje kućnog komunalnog otpada su tipizirane, kapaciteta 120 i 240 litara. Pokrivenost organizovanog odnošenja smeća u gradskoj sredini je 84% a u selima 67%. Odloženi komunalni otpad bez izdvajanja sekundarnih sirovina se kompaktira i zastire slojem inertnog materijala. Program za sakupljanje opasnog otpada iz domaćinstava ne postoji, program za sakupljanje komercijalnog otpada iz domaćinstava ne postoji. Program smanjenja količine biorazgradivog i ambalažnog otpada u komunalnom otpadu će se definisati nakon izgradnje reciklažnih dvorišta na području cele opštine do tada će se vršiti sporadično i parcijalno. Kompanija FCC povremeno organizuje akcije sakupljanja sekundarnih sirovina u gradu (bez sela) u saradnji sa kompanijom Sekopak iz Beograda. Povremeno se gradskom stanovništvu besplatno podele žute kante u koje mogu odlagati svu ambalažu. Program stalnog sakupljanja i primarna selekcija otpada u naseljenim mestima ne postoji. Na teritoriji opštine Kikinda trenutno ima oko 27 divljih smetlišta koja su najčešće na mestima uz lokalne puteve i kanale. Sanacija ovih smetlišta se bezuspešno obavlja već duži niz godina ali bezuspešno jer se sanirane površine ubrzo vraćaju u pređašnje stanje. Najčešći sastav odloženog otpada čine: gume, komunalni otpad iz domaćinstva (pelene za jednokratnu upotrebu, baterije, bočice od sprejeva, ambalaža od kućne hemije...), bela tehnika, električni uuređaji, delovi motornih vozila, građevinski otpad, biorazgradivi otpad (lišće, trava, granje) i slično. Iz svega navedenog može se zaključiti da na području opštine Kikinda postoje svi preduslovi za primenuu Zakona o upravljanju otpadom i važećih podzakonskih akata. Da bi se zakon ispoštovao neophodno je da se u narednom periodu stvore uslovi za primarno odvajanje otpada. 2. Opravdanost i logika projekta Projekat “Poboljšanje primarne selekcije otpada u ruralnim delovima opštine Kikinda” je osmišljen od strane tima ljudi koji za cilj imaju plansko i uređeno upravljanje otpadom na teritoriji opštine Kikinda. Aktivnosti koje bi se preduzele u okviru projekta doprinele bi poboljšanju upravljanja otpadom u devet sela koja pripadaju opštini kao i osnovnom cilju Lokalnog plana upravljanja otpadom 2010.-2020. godine a to je reciklaža i iskorišćenje otpada odnosno očuvanje ekološkog kapaciteta lokalne sredine. Osnovna svrha našeg projekta je uključivanje ruralne sredine u savremene tokove otpada, obzirom da je skoro u celosti isključena iz ove
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