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THE FOURTH GERMAN-RUSSIAN WEEK OF THE YOUNG RESEARCHER “GLOBAL HISTORY. GERMAN-RUSSIAN PERSPECTIVES ON REGIONAL STUDIES” Saint Petersburg, October 6–10, 2014 Impressum “The Fourth German-Russian Week of the Young Researcher” Saint Petersburg, October 6–10, 2014 Editors: Dr. Gregor Berghorn, DAAD / DWIH Moscow Dr. Jörn Achterberg, DFG Office Russia / CIS Julia Ilina (DFG) Layout by: “MaWi group” AG / Moskauer Deutsche Zeitung Photos by: DWIH, DFG, SPSU Moscow, December 2014 Printed by: LLC “Tverskoy Pechatny Dvor” Supported by Federal Foreign Office THE FOURTH GERMAN-RUSSIAN WEEK OF THE YOUNG RESEARCHER “GLOBAL HISTORY. GERMAN-RUSSIAN PERSPECTIVES ON REGIONAL STUDIES” Saint Petersburg, October 6–10, 2014 ТABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents Preface Prof. Dr. Stefan Rinke, Polina Rysakova, Dr. Gregor Berghorn / Dr. Jörn Achterberg 3 Freie Universität Berlin 37 Saint Petersburg State University 58 Prof. Dr. Aleksandr Kubyshkin, Ivan Sablin, Welcoming Addresses Saint Petersburg State University 38 National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, St. Petersburg 59 Prof. Dr. Nikolai Kropachev, Contributions of Young German and Russian Andrey Shadursky, Rector of the Saint Petersburg State University 4 Researchers Saint Petersburg State University 60 Dr. Heike Peitsch, Anna Shcherbakova, Consul General of the Federal Republic of Germany Monika Contreras Saiz, Institute of Latin America, RAS, Moscow 61 in St. Petersburg 6 Freie Universität Berlin 40 Natalia Toganova, Prof. Dr. Margret Wintermantel, Franziska Davies, Institute of World Economy and International President of the DAAD 9 Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich 41 Relations (IMEMO RAN), Moscow 62 Prof. Dr. Peter Funke, Jürgen Dinkel, Max Trecker, Vice-President of the DFG 13 Justus-Liebig-University Giessen 42 Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich 64 Dr. Vladimir Fridlyanov, Johannes Gleixner, Tatiana Tutnova, Chairman of the Council of the RFH 18 Collegium Carolinum Munich 42 Institute of Oriental Studies Michael Goebel, of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 64 “What will we be talking about?” Freie Universität Berlin 44 Nino Vallen, Introductionary Remarks Lasse Hölck, Freie Universität Berlin 66 Prof. Dr. Margret Wintermantel, Freie Universität Berlin 45 Lala Yakubova, President of the DAAD 20 Nizhnevartovsk State University 67 Prof. Dr. Peter Funke, Vice-President of the DFG 22 Nadezhda Khokholkova, Demidov Yaroslavl State University 46 Dr. Guido Lammers / Dr. Torsten Fischer, Scientific Institutions Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, DFG 24 Emilie Korell, Freie Universität Berlin 47 Saint-Petersburg Scientific Center of RAS Contributions of Senior German and Russian Anton Kotenko, (SPbSC RAS) 68 Researchers National Research University Saint Petersburg State University (SPSU) 69 “Higher School of Economics”, St. Petersburg 48 Russian Foundation for Humanities (RFH) 70 Prof. Dr. Martin Schulze Wessel, Henner Kropp, National Research University Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich 26 University of Regensburg 49 “Higher School of Economics” in St. Petersburg Prof. Dr. Aleksandr Sergunin, Ekaterina Makhotina, (HSE St. Petersburg) 71 Saint Petersburg State University 27 Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich 50 German Center for Research and Innovation (DWIH) 72 Prof. Dr. Nikolaus Katzer, Maria Malashevskaya, German Historical Institute (DHI-Moskau) 73 German Historical Institute Moscow 29 Saint Petersburg State University 51 German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) 74 Prof. Dr. Aleksandr Semyonov, Aleksandr Marchukov, German Research Foundation (DFG) 75 National Research University Volgograd State Technical University 53 Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation (AvH) 76 “Higher School of Economics”, St. Petersburg 30 Artur Mochalov, Freie Universität Berlin (FU Berlin) 77 Prof. Dr. Klaus Mühlhahn, Ural State Law University, Yekaterinburg 54 Freie Universität Berlin 32 Timur Mukhamatulin, Plenary Discussions Prof. Dr. Nikolai Samoylov, Institute of Russian History, Personal Trust is Paramount for International Saint Petersburg State University 33 Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 55 Research Collaboration to Flourish 78 Prof. Dr. Sebastian Conrad, Vadim Popov, Freie Universität Berlin 34 Justus-Liebig-University Giessen 56 Complete List of Participants 79 Prof. Dr. Dmitry Pavlov, Anna Protsenko, Programme 83 Institute of Russian History, RAS 36 Institute of Latin America, RAS, Moscow 57 2 GERMAN-RUSSIAN WEEK OF YOUNG RESEARCHER WELCOMING ADDRESS Welcome to the “4th German-Russian Week of the Young Researcher”! Dear colleagues from Russia and Germany, We would like to offer you a warm welcome to this, our„4th German-Russian Week of the Young Researcher“! When we celebrated the German-Russian Year of Science“, three years ago, the idea was born to invite young researchers from both countries to come together to discuss current topics of mutual interest. Since then it has grown from strength to strength. The success of the first week in Kazan (2011) encouraged us to turn it into an annual event. The following years we met in Ekaterinburg (2012) and in Novosibirsk (2013). The main goal of these meetings is to foster collaboration among young scientists and researchers who will be Dr. Gregor Berghorn setting the agenda of scientific cooperation between Russia and Germany in the near future. And indeed this year, in 2014, it is a European idea that we convey with our week within the EU-Russia Year of Science as a joint initiative of the EU-Commission and the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. And as usual research organizations and institutions of higher education of both our countries will be presenting their funding pro- grammes and describing the platforms that they can offer to both Russian and German PhD students or PostDoctoral researchers. The over arching principle behind these presentations is to facilitate collaboration and to broaden research networks. We have chosen the “northern capital” of Russia, Saint Petersburg, as the venue for our fourth German-Russian Week with good reason. Not only is St. Petersburg one of the lead- ing scientific centres in Russia, but it is also closely linked to the topic of our discussion. In contrast to previous meetings, which focused on topics from the fields of engineering, energy or health, during this fourth German-Russian Week we will be debating on historical issues in various regions of the world. Bearing in mind that 2014 commemorates the 100th anniversary of the start of the First World War, which saw the fall of several European Em- pires, we considered it to be relevant and scientifically attractive to invite young historians to Dr. Jörn Achterberg discuss modern approaches towards research on empires. The regions that we will be cover- ing under the general theme of „Global history – Russian-German Perspectives on Regional Studies“ include Europe, Africa, Latin America and Asia. We would like to express our deepest gratitude to St. Petersburg State University and its academic hospitality, to the Consulate General of Germany in St. Petersburg for its kind support, as well as to the Russian Foundation for the Humanities (RFH) and the Council of Young Scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences (YRAS) and the Council of the Russian Union of Young Scientists (RoSMU). And, of course, we thank all of you, the participants, for your involvement and cooperation in this conference. СПАСИБО ВАМ! Dr. Gregor Berghorn Dr. Jörn Achterberg German Academic Exchange Service German Research Foundation Head of DAAD Office Moscow Head of DFG Office Moscow Managing Director of DWIH Moscow Deputy Director of DWIH Moscow GERMAN-RUSSIAN WEEK OF YOUNG RESEARCHER 3 WELCOMING ADDRESS Уважаемые коллеги, дорогие друзья, Санкт-Петербургский университет всег- инициативы – межрегиональные, между- да с радостью открывает свои двери народные, глобальные. ученым из разных стран мира, занятым увлекательными исследованиями, и мне Санкт-Петербургский университет с удо- PROF. DR. NIKOLAI KROPACHEV особенно приятно встречать в СПбГУ на- вольствием поддержит яркие и прогрес- ших партнеров и коллег из Германии. Ака- сивные инициативы молодых ученых. Rektor демические связи именно с немецкими У нас есть для этого все возможности. Мы Sankt Petersburger Staatliche учеными, исследователями, преподавате- проводим открытые прозрачные конкур- Universität лями, научными и общественными орга- сы на открытые в университете позиции, низациями были и остаются одними из у нас прозрачная система премирования. ПРОФ. НИКОЛАЙ КРОПАЧЕВ самых крепких на протяжении всей исто- И только за публикационную активность Ректор рии нашего университета. Сейчас именно доплаты могут достигать 125 тысяч рублей Санкт-Петербургский государственный с университетами Германии происходит в месяц. Внутренние гранты на сами иссле- университет самый активный академический обмен, дования, на проведение конференций, на хотя всего среди наших партнеров – уже поездки также открыты для всех. Мы пер- больше 300 университетов из более чем 70 выми среди российских университетов от- стран мира. Две из тринадцати ведущих крыли программу грантов для постдоков. лабораторий СПбГУ возглавляют веду- Ведущие исследовательские группы уни- щие ученые из Германии – океанолог Йорн верситета соревнуются за право пригла- Тиде и химик Детлеф Банеманн. Действу- сить в свои коллективы молодых ученых, ют несколько междисциплинарных иссле- которым предлагается зарплата 60 тысяч довательских центров, и три магистерские рублей в месяц. В этом году уже больше 100 программы реализуются совместно
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  • Zemskii Sobor: Historiographies and Mythologies of a Russian “Parliament”1

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    Zemskii Sobor: Historiographies and Mythologies of a Russian “Parliament”1 Ivan Sablin University of Heidelberg Kuzma Kukushkin Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Abstract Focusing on the term zemskii sobor, this study explored the historiographies of the early modern Russian assemblies, which the term denoted, as well as the autocratic and democratic mythologies connected to it. Historians have discussed whether the individual assemblies in the sixteenth and seventeenth century could be seen as a consistent institution, what constituencies were represented there, what role they played in the relations of the Tsar with his subjects, and if they were similar to the early modern assemblies elsewhere. The growing historiographic consensus does not see the early modern Russian assemblies as an institution. In the nineteenth–early twentieth century, history writing and myth-making integrated the zemskii sobor into the argumentations of both the opponents and the proponents of parliamentarism in Russia. The autocratic mythology, perpetuated by the Slavophiles in the second half of the nineteenth century, proved more coherent yet did not achieve the recognition from the Tsars. The democratic mythology was more heterogeneous and, despite occasionally fading to the background of the debates, lasted for some hundred years between the 1820s and the 1920s. Initially, the autocratic approach to the zemskii sobor was idealistic, but it became more practical at the summit of its popularity during the Revolution of 1905–1907, when the zemskii sobor was discussed by the government as a way to avoid bigger concessions. Regionalist approaches to Russia’s past and future became formative for the democratic mythology of the zemskii sobor, which persisted as part of the romantic nationalist imagery well into the Russian Civil War of 1918–1922.