Functional Structure of Carabid Beetle Communities in an Agricultural Landscape in Western France A
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Direct and Indirect Chemical Defences Against Insects in a Multitrophic Framework
bs_bs_banner Plant, Cell and Environment (2014) 37, 1741–1752 doi: 10.1111/pce.12318 Review Direct and indirect chemical defences against insects in a multitrophic framework Rieta Gols Laboratory of Entomology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands ABSTRACT higher plant species (Pichersky & Lewinsohn 2011). The diversity of secondary or specialized metabolites across Plant secondary metabolites play an important role in medi- species is tremendous and likely exceeds 200 000 (Pichersky ating interactions with insect herbivores and their natural & Lewinsohn 2011). Primary plant metabolites, such as pro- enemies. Metabolites stored in plant tissues are usually inves- teins, carbohydrates and lipids, are important for basic tigated in relation to herbivore behaviour and performance physiological processes in plants and are often also essential (direct defence), whereas volatile metabolites are often nutrients for insects (Scriber & Slansky 1981; Schoonhoven studied in relation to natural enemy attraction (indirect et al. 2005). defence). However, so-called direct and indirect defences Secondary plant metabolites play an important role in may also affect the behaviour and performance of the herb- plant interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment ivore’s natural enemies and the natural enemy’s prey or (Schoonhoven et al. 2005; Iason et al. 2012). The defence hosts, respectively. This suggests that the distinction between properties of these phytochemicals against a broad range of these defence strategies may not be as black and white as is organisms such as insect herbivores and pathogens dominate often portrayed in the literature. The ecological costs associ- the literature on plant secondary metabolites. In addition, ated with direct and indirect chemical defence are often volatile metabolites may serve as signals in the communica- poorly understood. -
Coleoptera: Carabidae) Assemblages in a North American Sub-Boreal Forest
Forest Ecology and Management 256 (2008) 1104–1123 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Catastrophic windstorm and fuel-reduction treatments alter ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in a North American sub-boreal forest Kamal J.K. Gandhi a,b,1, Daniel W. Gilmore b,2, Steven A. Katovich c, William J. Mattson d, John C. Zasada e,3, Steven J. Seybold a,b,* a Department of Entomology, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Avenue, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA b Department of Forest Resources, 115 Green Hall, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA c USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, 1992 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA d USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 5985 Hwy K, Rhinelander, WI 54501, USA e USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 1831 Hwy 169E, Grand Rapids, MN 55744, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: We studied the short-term effects of a catastrophic windstorm and subsequent salvage-logging and Received 9 September 2007 prescribed-burning fuel-reduction treatments on ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in a Received in revised form 8 June 2008 sub-borealforestinnortheasternMinnesota,USA. During2000–2003, 29,873groundbeetlesrepresentedby Accepted 9 June 2008 71 species were caught in unbaited and baited pitfall traps in aspen/birch/conifer (ABC) and jack pine (JP) cover types. At the family level, both land-area treatment and cover type had significant effects on ground Keywords: beetle trap catches, but there were no effects of pinenes and ethanol as baits. -
Rote Liste Der Laufkäfer Kärntens (Insecta: Carabidae)
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Publikationen Naturschutz Kaernten Jahr/Year: 1999 Band/Volume: 1999_RL Autor(en)/Author(s): Paill Wolfgang, Schnitter Peer Hajo Artikel/Article: Rote Liste der Laufkäfer Kärntens (Insecta: Carabidae). 369-412 © Amt der Kärntner Landesregierung W. E. HOLZINGER, P. M ILDNER, T. ROTTENBURG & C. WIESER (Hrsg.): Rote Listen gefährdeter Tiere Kärntens Naturschutz in Kärnten 15: 369 - 412 ? Klagenfurt 1999 Rote Liste der Laufkäfer Kärntens (Insecta: Carabidae) Wolfgang PAILL & Peer Hajo SCHNITTER unter der Mitarbeit von Thomas LEBENBAUER & Friedrich RASSE 232 Erforschungsstand gut Nachgewiesene Arten 474 (444) Erwartete Gesamtartenzahl ? 480 57 49 36 Anzahl der Fundmeldungen 9500 28 19 1 11 11 0 1 R 2 G 3 V ? - © Amt der Kärntner Landesregierung Laufkäfer 370 EINLEITUNG Als eine der artenreichsten Käferfamilien Rahmen von Eingriffsplanungen, besiedeln Laufkäfer nahezu alle Erfolgskontrollen und im Landlebensräume. In Kärnten reicht das Ökosystemmonitoring. Beachtliche Spektrum vom uferbewohnenden, zeitweise Siedlungsdichten von bis zu 200 Käfern pro unter Wasser Nahrung suchenden Schwarzen Quadratmeter an vegetationslosen Grubenlaufkäfer, dem ausschließlich Schotterbänken der Alpenflüsse (HERING & anthropogene Höhlensysteme besiedelnden PLACHTER 1997) oder sogar 1000 Individuen/m2 Kellerlaufkäfer über den auf Brand- an Ackerrändern (THOMAS et al. 1992) sind gute Sukzessionsflächen spezialisierten -
Bidirectional Plant‐Mediated Interactions Between Rhizobacteria and Shoot‐Feeding Herbivorous Insects
Ecological Entomology (2020), DOI: 10.1111/een.12966 INVITEDREVIEW Bidirectional plant-mediated interactions between rhizobacteria and shoot-feeding herbivorous insects: a community ecology perspective JULIA FRIMAN,1 ANA PINEDA,2 JOOP J.A. VAN LOON1 , and MARCEL DICKE1 3 1Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 2Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands and 3Marcel Dicke, Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands Abstract. 1. Plants interact with various organisms, aboveground as well as below- ground. Such interactions result in changes in plant traits with consequences for mem- bers of the plant-associated community at different trophic levels. Research thus far focussed on interactions of plants with individual species. However, studying such inter- actions in a community context is needed to gain a better understanding. 2. Members of the aboveground insect community induce defences that systemically influence plant interactions with herbivorous as well as carnivorous insects. Plant roots are associated with a community of plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This PGPR community modulates insect-induced defences of plants. Thus, PGPR and insects interact indirectly via plant-mediated interactions. 3. Such plant-mediated interactions between belowground PGPR and aboveground insects have usually been addressed unidirectionally from belowground to aboveground. Here, we take a bidirectional approach to these cross-compartment plant-mediated interactions. 4. Recent studies show that upon aboveground attack by insect herbivores, plants may recruit rhizobacteria that enhance plant defence against the attackers. This rearranging of the PGPR community in the rhizosphere has consequences for members of the aboveground insect community. -
Coleoptera: Carabidae) in a Norway Spruce Forest
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Series II: Forestry • Wood Industry • Agricultural Food Engineering • Vol. 9 (58) No.1 - 2016 IMPACT OF CLEARCUTTING ON GROUND BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) IN A NORWAY SPRUCE FOREST Jozef MACKO1 Abstract: The research was conducted in Veľká Fatra Mountains, Slovakia. Pitfall traps were installed in the forest and in the glade. Overall, 20 species of beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) were recorded. In the forest, 1532 individuals belonging to 13 species were recorded. Trechus pulpani had the highest abundance in the forest and represents almost half of all individuals. Paradoxically, on the glade, the numbers of species slightly increased, but their abundance was significantly lower. We recorded only 143 individuals belonging to 16 species. Of the forest species, only Carabus violaceus and Pterostichus unctulatus retained a dominant position, but their abundance has decreased by more than 70%. Key words: Carabidae, clear cut, seasonal dynamics. 1. Introduction ground layer from sunlight and, to some extent, from microclimatic alterations and Clear-cutting represents the method of changes in the bottom- and field-layer wood logging in which most of the wood is vegetation. However, the sheltering removed and taken away. Removing the efficiency depends on the number of trees wood causes the decline of microclimate retained, as indicated by the relationship conditions, significant damages of the between generalist Carabid and tree herbaceous cover, and also destructs the density [11]. Many of the environmental surface of soil in which the beetles live and factors are multifaceted and interlinked in hide [3]. The forest stands are defining the overall structural complexity characterized by a relatively high and of insect habitats [13], [18], [15]. -
2011 Biodiversity Snapshot. Isle of Man Appendices
UK Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies: 2011 Biodiversity snapshot. Isle of Man: Appendices. Author: Elizabeth Charter Principal Biodiversity Officer (Strategy and Advocacy). Department of Environment, Food and Agriculture, Isle of man. More information available at: www.gov.im/defa/ This section includes a series of appendices that provide additional information relating to that provided in the Isle of Man chapter of the publication: UK Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies: 2011 Biodiversity snapshot. All information relating to the Isle or Man is available at http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-5819 The entire publication is available for download at http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-5821 1 Table of Contents Appendix 1: Multilateral Environmental Agreements ..................................................................... 3 Appendix 2 National Wildife Legislation ......................................................................................... 5 Appendix 3: Protected Areas .......................................................................................................... 6 Appendix 4: Institutional Arrangements ........................................................................................ 10 Appendix 5: Research priorities .................................................................................................... 13 Appendix 6 Ecosystem/habitats ................................................................................................... 14 Appendix 7: Species .................................................................................................................... -
Carabid Beetles in a Changing Environment
WAGENINGEN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY PAPERS 94-6 (1994) Carabid beetles in a changing environment P.J. den Boer and Th.S. van Dijk Biological Station LUW, Kampstveg 27, NL-9418 PD Wijster, The Netherlands Communication No. 486 of the Biological Station Wijster Key words: decline of numbers, extinction, air pollution, sod cutting, oligotrophic carabids, climate Wageningen Agricultural University Cip-Gegevens Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag ISBN 90 6754 393 4 NUGI 835 ISSN 0169 345X ©Agricultural University Wageningen, The Netherlands, 1995 No paii of this publication, apart from abstract, bibliografic and brief quotations embodied in critical reviews, may be reproduced, recorded or published in any form including print, photocopy, microfonn, electronic or electromagnetic record without written permission from the publisher Agricultural University, P.O. Box 9101, 6700 HB Wageningen, the Netherlands. Printed in the Netherlands by Veenman Drukkers, W ageningen Table of contents Abstract Vll Introduction I Material and methods 4 Results 12 Discussion 22 Acknowledgements 29 References 29 Abstract Between 1959 and 1989 the dynamics of carabid beetles have been studied at Kralo Heath in the National Park 'Dwingelder Veld', the Netherlands, by sampling all year round with standard sets of pitfalls. The sampling was not continued eve1y where for all years, and during some years the catches from the standard sets were not completely identified. Therefore, a method for the estimation of the actual numbers in 10 interaction groups was developed. Environmental conditions were not stationary during the study. In the 1960's the ground-water table gradually receded, and during the l 970's the effects of increas ing air pollution became apparent: increasing acidification and fertilization of the upper layers of the soil and a gradual replacement of both Calluna and Erica by grasses; but also precipitation increased. -
Appendix O19749
Oikos o19749 Gerisch, M., Agostinelli, V., Henle, K. and Dziock, F. 2011. More species, but all do the same: contrasting effects of flood disturbance on ground beetle functional and species diversity. – Oikos 121: 508–515. Appendix A1 Tabelle1 Table A1. Full species list representing the standardized number of individuals per species for the study sites Steckby, Woerlitz, and Sandau. Density expresses the proportion of species standardized abundances to total abundance. Macropterous = winged, brachypterous = wingless, dimorphic = both forms can appear with a species. Body size is the average of maximum and minimum values found in the literature (for references see below). Wing Reproduction Body size Species names Steckby Woerlitz Sandau Density Morphology Season In mm Acupalpus dubius 0.032 0 0.016 0 macropterous spring 2.6 Acupalpus exiguus 1.838 1.019 0.71 0.005 macropterous spring 2.7 Acupalpus parvulus 0.081 0.038 0.032 0 macropterous spring 3.6 Agonum dolens 0.032 0.038 0.081 0 dimorph spring 8.8 Agonum duftschmidi 14.966 2.755 0.016 0.025 macropterous spring 8.2 Agonum emarginatum 116.659 4.472 25.194 0.208 macropterous spring 7.2 Agonum fuliginosum 0.097 0.038 0 0 dimorph spring 6.7 Agonum lugens 0.177 0 0.081 0 macropterous spring 9 Agonum marginatum 0.371 0.075 0.113 0.001 macropterous spring 9.2 Agonum micans 19.502 4.208 23.71 0.067 macropterous spring 6.6 Agonum muelleri 0 0.019 0 0 macropterous spring 8.2 Agonum piceum 0.468 0 0.016 0.001 macropterous spring 6.4 Agonum sexpunctatum 0.032 0 0.016 0 macropterous spring 8.2 Agonum -
Laufkäfer Und Heuschrecken Osttirols Und Des Nationalparks Hohe Tauern: Aus Der Sammlung Dr
Laufkäfer und Heuschrecken Osttirols und des Nationalparks Hohe Tauern: aus der Sammlung Dr. Alois Kofler (Lienz) Endbericht Auftraggeber: Tiroler Nationalparkfonds Hohe Tauern Kirchplatz 2 Matrei i. O., A-9971 Auftragnehmer: Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsgesellschaft mbH. Museumstraße 15 Innsbruck, A-6020 Fachbearbeitung: Mag. Andreas Eckelt Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsgesellschaft mbH. Feldstraße 11a Innsbruck, A-6020 Titelbild: Drypta dentata (Coleoptera, Carabidae), das Foto wurde dankenswerterweise von Ortwin Bleich, Deutsch- land., zu Verfügung gestellt (www.eurocarbidae.de). Inhalt Allgemeiner Teil 1. Dr. Alois Kofler.............................................................................. 3 Teil 1. Laufkäfer (Carabidae) 2. Artenvielfalt................................................................................... 4 3. Entwicklung und Lebensweisen der Laufkäfer.............. 4 4. Endemismus........................................................................................ 6 5. Lebensräume aus Sicht der Laufkäfer................................. 8 6. Naturschutzfachlich bedeutsame Arten.......................... 10 7. Steckbriefe zu den Arten............................................................ 11 8. Literatur............................................................................................ 294 Teil 2. Heuschrecken (Orthoptera) 9. Artenliste & Gefährdungseinstufung................................ 296 10. Verbreitungskarten....................................................................302 -
Arthropods in Linear Elements
Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis committee Thesis supervisor: Prof. dr. Karlè V. Sýkora Professor of Ecological Construction and Management of Infrastructure Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Thesis co‐supervisor: Dr. ir. André P. Schaffers Scientific researcher Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Other members: Prof. dr. Dries Bonte Ghent University, Belgium Prof. dr. Hans Van Dyck Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium Prof. dr. Paul F.M. Opdam Wageningen University Prof. dr. Menno Schilthuizen University of Groningen This research was conducted under the auspices of SENSE (School for the Socio‐Economic and Natural Sciences of the Environment) Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Jinze Noordijk Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. dr. M.J. Kropff, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Doctorate Board to be defended in public on Tuesday 3 November 2009 at 1.30 PM in the Aula Noordijk J (2009) Arthropods in linear elements – occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen NL with references, with summaries in English and Dutch ISBN 978‐90‐8585‐492‐0 C’est une prairie au petit jour, quelque part sur la Terre. Caché sous cette prairie s’étend un monde démesuré, grand comme une planète. Les herbes folles s’y transforment en jungles impénétrables, les cailloux deviennent montagnes et le plus modeste trou d’eau prend les dimensions d’un océan. Nuridsany C & Pérennou M 1996. -
Biodiversity and Functioning of Terrestrial Food Webs : Application to Transfers of Trace Metals
Biodiversity and functioning of terrestrial food webs : application to transfers of trace metals. Shinji Ozaki To cite this version: Shinji Ozaki. Biodiversity and functioning of terrestrial food webs : application to transfers of trace metals.. Agricultural sciences. Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. English. NNT : 2019UBFCD018. tel-02555117 HAL Id: tel-02555117 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02555117 Submitted on 27 Apr 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THESE DE DOCTORAT De l’etablissement Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté Preparée au Laboratoire UMR CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement École doctorale n°554 Environnements – Santé Doctorat de Sciences de la Terre et de l’Environnement Par M. Shinji Ozaki Biodiversité et fonctionnement des réseaux trophiques terrestres : Application aux transferts d’éléments traces métalliques. Thèse présentée et soutenue à Besançon, le 18 juin 2019 Composition du Jury : Mme. Sandrine Charles Professeure, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Présidente ; Examinatrice Mme. Elena Gomez Professeure, Université de Montpellier Rapporteure M. Nico van den Brink Associate Professeur, Wageningen University Rapporteur M. Renaud Scheifler Maître de conférences, HDR, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté Directeur de thèse M. Francis Raoul Maître de conférences, HDR, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté Co-directeur de thèse Mme. -
Floristic Notes on Palaearctic Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes)
Karstenia 25: 1-16. 1985 Floristic notes on Palaearctic Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) LARRY HULDEN HULDEN, L. 1985: Floristic notes on Palaearctic Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes). Karstenia 25: 1-16. Floristic notes arc presented on 53 taxa of Laboulbeniales from various parts of the Palaearctic Regwn and one taxon from Taiwan. New species records are given for 33 countries or islands. Special attention is paid to the U.S.S.R., for which there are only scattered records in the literature. The northernmost records of Laboulbeniales are reported from Tit-Ary (Rickia hyperborea Balazuc) and Bulun (Laboulbenia vulgaris Peyritsch), by the Lena River, north of 70°N in Yakutia. Laboulbenia egens Spegazzini, occurring on the carabidicolous genus Tachys (s.Iat.), is recognized as a spec1es separate from L. pedicel/ala Thaxter, occurring on the genera Bembidion (s.lat.) and Dyschirius. The variability of L. pedicel/a/a is discussed. Five new taxa are described: Laboulbenia broscosomae n.sp. on Broscosoma baldense Rosenh. from Italy, L. eubradyce/li n.sp. on Bradyce/lus spp. from many European countnes, L. kobi/ae n.sp. on Neotrechus sururalis ssp. suturalis Schr. from Yugoslavia, L. marvinii n.sp. on Bembidion dentellum (Thunb.) and B. starki Schaum from Austria, the Federal Repubhc of Germany and France, and L. luxurians subsp. immaculata n.subsp. on Bembidion semipunctatum (Donovan) from Austria and the Leningrad Region in the U.S.S.R. Larry Hulden, Department of Entomology, Zoological Museum, P. Rautatiekatu 13, SF-00100 Helsinki, Finland. Introduction The fungus material in the present study is primarily Remarks on the distributional data based on the Palaearctic insect collection in the As far as possible the locality information is given Zoological Museum of Helsinki (MZH).